EXAMINATIONS pnePpARTMENT UNIVERSITY Of KARACHI (00) Enantiomers i) Eiterendets Ovtveen : () Cie and irene leomer, _9n aetameme sad Tastomere P_ Mest ie mcetastion? Describe method of resahaton of ature into enentionere d) A substance with molecular formula ©) Espain wy a meth! group bs 0, 9-drecting wine «no WrOUP be m-dwstng, ™ beneane prepare he oton ng 1) P-nttre benzo: acta tw a - a ‘G2a) "Onseribe te sectrophiesibatttion reaction mechaniam of benzene with example? es oo oo (Bera chloride i f i i i g ©) Identity the unknown compounds (A), (8) ana MV EMAEHy Cs NIKO (A) HOMEY (B) HEFIC) Ih Gu,CH.OH Pi, (A) ste.nOH (8) oe 4. Gta) What te reductive amination? How can we prepare primary, secondary and tertiary Cosy Po 5) Epain; : 0 Pyrrole i weaker bana than pyridine (i) Phenol is more acidic then cyclchexanot (ii) NH im more basic than aniline (t¥) O-nitro benzoic acid Is strongor than p-nty benzole weld ©} How benzene diazonium chloride is prepared? Writs down its reactions with (WHypophosphorus acid (i) Phenol (i) Sec, Het 2 1) Describe the structure of NH, wn Oa) What i Phanolate lon? Write any THREE reactions of phenolate ion os 1b) Differentiate between primary, secondary and \ertatyaleoho! by oxidation method o €) Give structure of the following rot (i) Adipie seia (l) P-anisidine {1 See-buty! amine (lv) -Pheny! thy! amine 26a) Write short notes on any TWO: 8 ()Pinacol rearrangement i) Canntzaro reaction (Il) Abdo condensation ) Give additions reactions of carbony! group with: oa Hen Gi) Grignard’ reagent (i) Wet reagent (Iv) Semi carbaoid ©) Give two chemical tests to distinguish between aldehyde and ketone, ou) Q7a) What are carbohysirates and how are they classified? oy 1b) Give reaction of glucose with (i) BryM:O (i) NHKOH (Hi) HEN (29) ¢) Discuss molecular orbital treatment of pyrrole. oy ‘d) Why electrohphilic substitution takes place at 3-pesition in pyridine _ = os CHLCHGe Ch AIC, (0) Coat to),x Ec! ‘NT Med EXAMINATIONS DEPARTME. ey UNIVERSITY OF KARACHI Ese (PASS) PART = 1 “ANNUAL EXAMINATIONS = 2020" MISTRY - IV” (Organic Chemistry) ‘Max. Marks: 70 ‘Time Allowed: THREE Hours suestions. (2) Marks are indicated against each question. Instructions: (1) Attempt any FIVI (08) ita) Write the equations forthe following conversion: ‘ to Propyne Ethal Propyne to Acetone yyne to Propy! ATED yee ean LN eaemethanete Methane ~ (wl) Ethyne to Benz penne saturated and unsaturated Rydrocarbone, Give a simple chemical Tost to dtinguish between (04) them? i” _) Balan the mechani of Chornatin In Matha 2) Explain the structure of Benzane as suggested by Kekule, What objection were raised against this (0s) Stuucture? How did he rectified these defects? +) which major monosubstituted products are obtained when Chlorine reacts withthe following In the. (08) ssonce of FeCl ATOLUENE {UbCFILOROBENZENE Ally BENZOIC ACID _-iv) NITROBENZENE ¢) Write the equations for the preparation of the following from a suitable Hydrocarbon: (04) (Glycol (il) Glyoxal (lil) Formic Acid (iv) Cyctoheane Q3a) Give solentifc reasons: (04) i). Cyclobutane is moro stable than Cyclopropane. (ii) Methane cannot be prepared by Wurtz reaction. 22 (ii) Nitration in Phenol fs much easier then is Benzene. {iv} Tertiary Alky! Halides prefer to undergo SNI reaction. b) Describe two methods for the preparation of Naphthalene. (04) c) How will you distinguish between primary, secondary and tertiary amines by the reaction with Hnoz, (04) called "Hinsberg's Test”, d) Why is a Tertiary amine better base than a secondary amine. (02) 4a) What are organometallic compounds. Give one method for the preparation of Grignard's Reagent. (06) How can you prepare the following from a suitable Grignard's Reagent. AA tortiary alcohol WA Carboxylic acld ‘AatTA primary alcohol 4ivfAn Alkane (04) ) What are acid derivatives? Give a method for the preparation of three acid derivates. (04) ) Compare E1 and E2 reaction mechanism n alkyl halides. 52) Write the equation forthe following reactions of Alcohols. (04) () Oxidation (i) Reduction {i Dehydration (Wv) Dehydrogenation b) Explain Lucas test to distingulsh between primary, secondary and tertlary alcohols. Also give (04) equation in each case, ©) What is Fermentation? How is ethyl alcohol prepared on industrial scale from starch and Molasses, (06) Q6a)_ Write a short note on Riemer Tieman Reaction, : (04) ) How is earbolie acid converted into: (I) Pieric Aeld (i) Salyeyle Acid (i) benzone (Iv) Cyclohexanol (04) ¢) Draw the structures of the folowing and assign LU-P.A.C names. (08) {i)Oxale act {i Adlpic Actd (i) Glycerol {Wv) Catechol (v) Neopenthyl alcohol (vi) a-Nephthot 7a) Compare the reactivity of Aldehydes and Ketones. (02) ») Write a short notes on any THREE ofthe following: (02) (Aldo! Condensation {i Cannizaro's Reaction (il) Diazotization (i) Hoffmann’s Pegradation {v) Benzoin condensation ¢) Completathe‘éllowing reactions: (0) ().CHcNO+ HENS (CH, cHOsi+ Naot (i) CHyCHO + 20,01 82) Explain the neces: Explain the necessary conons for Geometrical and Optical Iemerism with the lp of suitable (4) ») Draw the possible isomers and name the types of isomerism ofthe following: (CHO "(i Cee Che GpCaHhs flv) Cato nes oe €) Define the following: 3 (i) Racemic Mixture (i) Meso compounds (i) Enantiomers id (iv) Diestereomers (v) Conformation (u) Tautomerism MmNATIONS DEPARTMENT iL EXANIVERSITY OF KARACHI Ee om =U "ANNUAL EXAMINATIONS. - 202" RSs, eased Ae AIS CHEMISTRY - LV” (Organic Chemishog e ion artes Hours ‘ques! Time Allowed Titept FIVE queatons (2) Marks aro indicated against se? fa on . te pew wl you prupare te fotomiog oun seagren greg ment TC Pa oy wr acsaqarne omarion ol ah fh ening samp ence Saat) per orboger o ari gar es rvctve than Ane A tee restive pacers FAGI6 fy Sen ivoprenel a more than ome raphe fo Seeger anne mea bse ar ety sre = oo «gat are Ary he lv anyone method ota propa cnn wn one equtn of ech of te along ratory again en! craing ronson oe ek rcs on ects ETS oo pence i lapel prerrepranemene Sm ae at i ° Pe a tp ‘tzathye Butane (W)-metyy butane OE ene 2 Teme ouere (yn seaaee! i” aan) wnat hapgan when tet. Buy magneslum eerie Acie mete “Sin formalde o® Wigrevoed (i) Reacts with Carbon dioxide (i) React ‘ake piace at (04) 0 ene ecu det of Haphiaene ie show wat come ; on ey Explain Riolecuies orbital structure of Dertwre. pa crt ipa oo oe womate meat oo rama of 4s) ow would you distinguish following By simple chemical eat ad Tvcoee b ructone Way Berge and 2-Pente (iR-Pemamone and -Pentanore (asrepmeliass Pek — 1) Dincuse the eects ole folowing on Sot & Sot machanion, im. Deseret Sisceeat "wy Anmctng of Melanin (1 Lamdng (09 Solvent Complete te folowing eatin: 7) t ¢ (aoc Foch, 70) Js ciOH_He , 7 (Hl) CHACHICHIOM ALsDy380°C? (iv) CHICHIONICH 7 ave ong in A roi when A hematin” on proparaion of any three aid ervative, (on oo (04) fib. Crloroacete acid in more Acidic than Acatic acid iv) 2-helor butane in the forms 1 Butore 6, Which aytalde by detydrenalogenaion forme ony Pure 2 Pertane (02) 4 (Os Wile short notes on any FOUR ofthe following: (i) Aial Condensation (i) Halatorm reaction (i) Motmana Degradation (i) Gabriel Synthesis sino show that Pyridine in basic but Pyerol Is (4) = < (wi Chiral carbon (lv) Waldon Inversion (04) (Gte) Wire UPA. Name of the folowing: 32 aaa a i. ste pen ae ton Gi Gopcaieadon a) Geoayodi nkage (oi Peptife bend #7 Ngan mare nar mang Curt show ut tne mig St en en *Bons EXAMINATIONS DEPARTMENT UNLESS OF KARACHI Time Allowed: ‘Max, Marks: 70 Instructions: (1) Attempt any FIVE questions. (2) Marks are indicated against each question. ata) Define(i) Stereo izomeriem (i) Meso compound il) Enarilomers (v} Racemtzation (v) Plane polarieed light (05) 4) Wat are Cia-trane nomeriam. Give inomarie form of on P (i Butendioic acid (i) L3iehlorw-d-butone (Shawne iv) Butane of Describe and draw Staggered and Betipsed form of thane. which ane ix more stable and why? (ou; ta) How ay ale cana? What wi bathe product whan Navnetal rect Inthe preteen of eter with the (04) SNbutances" ()inoprepy! Chloride Ul) EChiors butane (il) berbbutyl chloride 1) Complete the folowing equations: (05) {() fbroma propane + Kol along (v) Etryl magnesium Bromide + Ethanol 6 €) Define Bectrophite and Nucsiephile with two 08) Imethyldtholore Propane. 23a) (i How would you diatinguiah primary, secondary tetany alcohol? Explain how each behave onxidation? (08) {iy Give One equation of each dehydration and dehysrogesation of aleohel 5) What a diatotization reaction? Explain Aryl dazonium salt more stable than ally! dlazoniurn sa (oH €) Starting rom benzene prepare the following compounds (05) (0 tnoprapy! benzene {i Bereaprenane (08) p-Toulene Sulpherte acid (njimeniba-peraoie acid (vi benaldehyde Gta) Ceveribe Acity of Phenol Discuss the eftect ot - CHa ge and —NO, gp at p-position on aelity ef phenck 5) 1) Write the following equation with mechaniam (any bo} mo (Reimer = Tiemann's reaction (i) Gattermann Koch reaction (i) Pathin resetion «¢) Give reasons ofthe folowing: es { Aigehyae more reactive than Ketone (3) Wy Boiling pownt of carboxylic 4etd higher than sleoo! (Wl) Chiore acete acid ls more acidic ran Katone {hv} Wy methyt amine stronger base than Ammonia (6) In mono substituted Maphinalien a product rs formed to B-product (a) Explain molacuiar orbital talent of oyridine (oo, ©) How would youprepary Aceteacetic enter trom ethyl acetaf? Give mechaniam (23) <) ‘my electrophiie substitution resction it Pyne la digit sed preferably eubstulion take place at 2peation (091 1) Give equation ofthe | ee {) Nitration of Pyicine (i) Sviphonation of (0) Knorr Pyeote Synthenia (ry Aceniation of Pyrrele——_{v] Reduction of thio 24a) i) Compare the activity of sikane and alkane (i) How dothy\wther prepared by Wiamson's Syitieais? (04) ') What are Amines? How would you prepared Amines by the following method: sy (on, (0 Gabrie!'s Synthouia “u) Hotfmarn degradation of Amice Wo ) Draw the structure ofthe folowing (05) ()eatechel (i) Antyracene (unter (W) Acotaninge (0) Saheylic Acid {G78} Write short notes on any TWO of the following 28 Diels-Alder Reaction (0) Prnacol-Pinacsione rearrangement (Ii) Aldo! Condensation 1b) Write equation f the folowing convenion (0%), i) Propyne to Acetone {i} Phenol to Pleric Ackt (i) Acetaldeinyde to t- alechot (iyAzetone 1 propane {7 Drchore ethane to ethene <) What reagent a used to get folowing sroduct? Write the eircture of product os) (iehe += > Acetone hydrazones (W(Chise= =P tartalcohat OH) CHiCooH + > Eater (00h © = 0+ > Ammonia» water 9 Sites» peste ante QBa) Explain following rule with examotes wa () Sayteetra Rute (W) Narkovrikow's rule 1b) What haspen when glucose resct with (i) Bromine mater (il) Hydroxyl Amine (il) Sodhum Bore Mydrige. (9) 2) Draw the structure of &-D glucose and p-D glucose Pyranose form Lal 4) wre LU PAC Hane atoning: 1%? on “ Ne Co) Hy ‘o a Shy Che = CH -Che- CH= Coot ane oe fore Grpenoh Clty CH=CH C=ened) EXAMINATIONS DEPARTMENT UNIVERSITY OF KARACHT ‘Time Allowed: THREE Hours ‘Max. Marks: 70 Ioatrustions;(1) Atternpt FIVE questions in.all, (2) Marka are indicated against each question. postutates of BOHA'S Atomic Theory and calculate the radiue of 2 Orbit for Mptrogen stom. (04) Os, Vf ean (oa Define tre following wn one 7 oy facet! Quantum No. Gi) Horas Rule (0 Pure can pct Commvnut Secu pace stra « normal hydrogey stm te exctng ts icin to ip enngy fev Gea ve ‘Situ cfenargy sorbed ty the ehctron (ian constant sUSESCtee ergenc) O=tsaL 10 - ot Modern Periodic Law. Discus Blocks in Modern Periodic Theary. (05) (Diferensate benewen {i} onieation Potential and Eleetran Aifinlty 9 L, eptaigaeisinplni Aamir ry 10), 28,08", 9 Soran imainteneenctoncntgan EERE ST ey Give the easonn: (3) a et Tee llanon Potential of gf higher tan 1 econ amy noel aes see (Ei ‘Helpers are ote montsleoroneatie semen itv pride tbe 2-271 ina a a Cnemical Bond. Heine foie Band and-eepaineneryy changes during chemical bond formation (bd) cr 1) Wire Treo Fala (02) ln Cae Bystem a= bt © (i) fo Tetuaenal System a = re ‘Odterentate betecen va) ‘Sigma Gand una Pi ond (1) Polar Bond and Non Polar Govaient Bond ‘Catan te Lattice Eneruy of NaC from the follwing ata using Born Haber yet po) ‘lasoclation Energy of Il = % D = (23 Kamala ‘eat of Sutaton = AMS = 109 KJ mcia (Bi) onzation Potent of a= = 4 mala fe) Enectron Affuty of CI k= 200 KS mala fo) Meat of Formation of NaCl» AM= 1K mote (19 nice Seergy are? 2-Aar Bene eperictaation, Discus erbital structure of Ethyre by Hybrid Model, (04) pr Exzinia te shape of the following motacuten en tho bale of V.S.ERP theery and Hybild Bend Orbital (08) theory" Becly BF, "MM ) Wats teycrogen Bond explain with example, (0) 97 Detererine betmwen Orbit and Orbital (on 8) (2a) Dicuss Covalent Bond and Co-Ordinate Covalent Bond with examples. 1) pine Rais Rata. Derive an expronsion forthe Rau Ration ef aC (09 ond Order, Draw Energy Lave Olagram ef O; and Hes fo Metecalar ond cay Lav Clap of Osa He acorn Orbit theory sino (04) i Yinat in Faye Re, (02) ‘2-447 i eine Canquraton of he folowing sme Ais wrt ha groupe, ane and ache (8) a ee ne meat ong! Dod (Coven ne m8. TH pWeTTeeudon chow Cat Mle te Metde tfen Strong ‘ar used In Utratione to dateal The end Tet scisr ave ec flan havo tharge (Pate eget) 1 Colesiain the Moiarty of a xoktion canisining 7 gm oF MaCl in SOO | vslune (Nan23 amin, C388 ams) (0) Omcuns Lewis concept of Acid and Base with one example, you (OT) Cetin Common lon EMlect anit xppestlons, om |b) Wier nt. Catoutate the and POM of 0.08 MCI eolution. (03) oF rome mames of tren volumes unalsin. Dien Complnarnetre and Redox tration wit one (04) (Wiest inthe oxidation nto of Crim Ky Gry ard Ml KM 8a) Ant Difereetite between (i) MnO'# H:C.O,+H" > (ll) CaSO, 24,0 120°C (v)ALGs +H,0 > (v) Mg(OH)s + H:80, > {Ga} Explain the splitting of dorbitals according to crystal feld theory. 04) at are strong and weak filed ligands. Explain in detall with the examples of (COF.I” and (08) [county ©) Indicate the co-ordination number of the metal in Inthe folowing complexes: (oo (9 {COWS (enh Cl, (i) Mas{Fe(CN}y NO] (i) [CU(NHlJSOx (Iv) [NCR 270) winat type of species can behave as a ligand. (02) ») What do you understand by “Outer Orbital” and “Inn ‘examples in terms of Valence Bond Theory. ©) What are Isomers? Name any four types of Isomerism. Explain any ONE of them with example (06) Orbital” complox Explain with (06) in detail. 88) Why chelates are more stable than simple complexes? Explain. (02) ) Write down the IUPAC names of the following: (04) UFOINH)A CL, —_() [NI (CO)] (ii) [Cr(eneCky” (Ivy Nas [CO(NOsIe) ¢] Write short notes on any TWO of the following : (08) (l) Binary Compounds of Hydrogen. Explain any One in detail. (il) Fertilizers (il) Proparation of caustic soda by castner keliner cell (Diagram also) s:Ps eed EXAMINATIONS DEPARTMENT UNIVERSITY OF KARACHI B.Se, (PASS) PAICT ~ I “ANNUAL LXAMINATIONS « 2020" PAPUR =: “CHEMISTRY =H" (Inorganic Chemiatry) Tins Alena THREE Hours Max. Marke: 70 1 (1) Attempt any FIVE questions. Attempt ati parts of a question in sequence (2) Marks are indicated against each question. oe Lerdrogen soem ie ginad st auy Rad vortton Bea sanders: patois hha: Sen sSseeeebes 1) Wahat do you understand by Ortho and Para Hydrogen? Eaptain = on 11 Ineate the oxidation No.of Fein te tater ().FeyO, ang Fe il) Pet ial* sed Per iy hy) Ditfereribate between Hydremetaduryy end Ryromatathorgy 12 Give reas ns > oy Tae rate aesty teen estes Cand rn etiat Wi, banaves an a ligand whereas 104 i areca ‘The mating yrint and boting pokat of stalin arth sotate cecrenas with the: increase In atomic number vy CuO, tm blur whereas Zo%0, is white G45) What la common name of sodium carbonate Give the manutecture of NaCO, with flaw sheet om tiaras, by Ammonia Botway Process Alaa give advantages of thie method: 1) Starting with beery welar how wauld you prepare the foRewing ad 080, Ch Ma ‘fly HD, 4) CD, 1 What do you Undeestand by orunen? Disewes the structure of diborane with the hein of MM) aagram Se) iterentiate Batmeen ore ae minerat = 1h} Mow sodium meta! i prepared try Gamn’s Proeans, Give equation and diagrain alee ca 1) Gave tne chemical formule for (i) Brine Salution (0) Olea oa &h Give the alsctranie configuration of Grit) and GufZ¥) , Why do Grand Gu shew leregular (84) eanhigurations? (2-83) Give the preparation of H,80, by contaci process. Alto show the flow sheet diagram and write (Ot) dawn oll the related equations ©) Give the conditions for obtaining maximum yield of SO, co ~, ¢) Complate the equations. ” (nao, > (1) MnO’. * HCO. +H" (Ii) CaO, 2/0 s2pte (ej AUGe HO > fy) MglOH, + HS, > G24) Explain the eplliting of @.ertitais secording to eryuta lad theory. a i 16) Whet are ptrong and weak filed bgunds, Eapinin in detail with the examples of (COPY and * teope it ©) Indicate ine co-ordination sumsber of the mata! ion in the fotlnuring ow Ap FEO (rene, (HY CI, |W) Mims Fe (GP NO}, im feu BoagsOr wey orc” G-Ase) What type of apecies can behave an e igend. = ‘nf wnat do you underotand by “iter Orbital” and “inner Crbitar” complemen. Exptsin wih (8) examples in terme of Valence | Theory. 1 What se teormers7- our types of womeriae, Explain ay ONG af hq wth example 8) Lsame SaKive (W)—HCIOs Is Stronger Acid than HCIO, (ii) tonization Potential decreagos trom “Li to "Cs" Group 1A J (i) Copper and Chromlim show irregular electronic configuration, (2-58) How caustic soda is manufactured by Castnor Kellner cell method’? (Oraw diagram of co). 48) 8) Draw the structures of: () SF. (i) XO, (li) XOF, (Iv) IF, (04 ©} How Sulphuric acid behaves as: ()) Dohydrating agent (i) Oxklizing agent eo (Write two equation for aach case) t (26a) What types of oxides of Chlorine are formed? Write down their preparations and propertion. (08) ') Give reasons of the following! Cas eo (i) Nitrogen is gas while phosphorous is Solid, (i) Alkali motals easity form Cations {lit} Cholates are more Stable than ordinary Complexes. iv) Sliver Chioride (Ag!) is Soluble in Ammonia. (8) Nitrogen gas Is inert at room temperature. (¥)—Todine is virtually Insoluble in water but readily soluble in potassium loctide (x1) (2—7a) How Nitric weld fs manufactured by Ostwald mathod (Draw flow Sheet) (08) 5) Complete and balance the following equations. (04) () 8 +HNOS GW) ALOye NaOH ——> i) HNO, ad (W) PCAFHO | ———> ©} Give the reasons of the followin (ony (). ZnO dissolves in both dilute acid and Alkall but gO dissolves only in ditute acs (i) Graphite conducts electricity but diamond does not. (i) The oxidation number of Hydrogen In HCI Is +1, but in NaH hydrogen has -t oxWation number {ivi Meat of the compounda of transition elements are coloured, 2-88) Write short notes on any TWO of the following’ (8) () Super phosphates (W) Complex hydetdos, (A) Pyrometatturgy 1b) What is meant by Isomeriam? Describe the different types of isomerism shown by complex (0s) compounds of d:block eloments, ©) Draw the Structures of the : (0) P.O, Po, (0 P10, MPO — (4) SeesraessceeceuccesenessrseseceeesseM* wate EXAMINATIONS DEPARTMENT UNIVERSITY OF KARACHI 1.06 AS PAT = “ANNUAL EXAMINATIONS . 2018" PARE “CUUDMIS FLY JIN" dnaemanic Chemistry) Lime Altrered THREE Youre Man Marke 70 Komtiastions, (1) Attempt any FIVE questions, (2) Marks are indicated againel wach question 21H Dalle Ethectors stunnie oumivar. Find the ettectire atumic member (EAM) if the futioering metal (84) re cam (ihe Wen) (00 Wound ) Bsihain the yoomatyy hehe riows and At tha Coming Commyte nee ~“ meounh an Toisn id Crem se tomas tos o0eh (of the Yoloming complerse Col OIG (iN tin (PUNO) a nat re binary Lompounde of Wytiegen Oa thar and prowertinn af eatinn Ca ~ a Hoyirogen Captain preperation and proves hyantes 1 HAY Pog as Qo Md 1A of parte Hable on ©) Compan aed watanven tne eeyuation 10,0 61M a 10) mg) + 0109 ” may , 1180," 00% B GH Orem struetire (MOF, A, a, td ay cd 1 Ni, and FM ar covainnd hydrsten Compare thew phyalcal aul chanical wropertion Co 61 Wt 9 Yates Halogen? Give structure uf CH, and Uy “ 1 Why Fluseion atom - + Onidation etalon ony while other halogen have vatlable vsidation states, (7) G44) incase the fatlowing properties of outer tranaition alements o (i) Variable Gsidation wtatan (Wi GoLoue formation (Wy Gata ic Prnperting (04) Comptes formation © lrg HUPAC nqmen of ftioming complenen wt (1Gu yacrag) 1H) Kin (Wy (m4 (np BOs (re) AMINE ©) According Wa Crystal field Owary (CFT) explain the spliting of dortiale in Tetranedral, (06) Qutahedrat and Square Planar Compasses G—Aal iareetiats( Pyromataltaryy and Hydromatalluryy (i) Ore and Mineral wa 1) How Pig Won 6 extracted from Haamnatite are. fixplain your anawer hy drawing a labelled (04) diagram of bina furnace and chemical reactions involved ©) Deine Ony achas of ttatogen Find cxlaation number of halogen in the following, on (HOR (I) HRO, (00) HED, (1H) HAO, 2-48) Oaweribe manutacturs of oi of vitriol ty contact process (a 8) How nitric acid behave (TWO rauction ) ro) (Aa Oridizing agent 1) As nitrating agent ©) What ix Ligand? Define and give example on ote (i) Bidentate Ligand (i) Poty dertate Ligand (i) alate 74) How Soda Aah Is manufactured vy Ammonia Soway Process, Explain ik with the Help of flow (04) shvent diagrams 1) Explain any FOUR of tne following A ()PCl, can be formed but NCI, cannot fo1n {WMO ie quid but HS 16 go ‘in blue while ZnSO, is white eee erred bas Oo on (v) Hy i ligand but Mi, Is not (vi) Nala wept in Kerowens ol! 2} Define allotropy? Compare the proparties of diamond and graphite, ry ‘09 any TWO of the following) bas] oe Mitaricare (i Pata (if) Oxides of Sack laments] Ortho and para hydrogen and Cu deviate trom rule of electronic configuration S Expiin: fl) Nola coloured butt deta clowns 41 Comolete the totiewtng eouetionss 80, IMHO, HOO MNS ie, tk 801° 8109 ae: on, Nees seaeeS