International business modalities

1. Management Modalities
 Export of goods and services: the export of goods and services is based on the availability
of resources that a country has to export, whether natural resources, human resources,
technology, services, among others, as long as there is demand and it is capable of
producing more products at lower cost (DELSOL, 2022).
According to (Icesi, 2009) Export is the exit of goods and services from the national
territory or from a free trade zone complying with all the requirements of the law in use
by the countries involved and that produces as a counterpart an income of foreign
currency. There are two types of exportable goods: Traditional and Non-Traditional.
 Importation of goods and services: according to (Juan, 2022)this is the introduction of
goods of foreign origin into the national customs territory. The introduction of
merchandise from Industrial Free Trade Zone of Goods and Services to the rest of the
national customs territory is also considered import.
 Foreign direct investment: according to (República, 2022)It is the direct investment made
by investors residing abroad in companies residing in any country. It is also called passive
direct investment.
2. What is an international cooperation agreement?
 Joint venture
 Pigg back
 Consortium and partnerships
3. ¿What is a contractual cooperation agreement?
 Licensing
 Franchise
 Subcontracting
 Concentrated trade

4. Other:

 Movement of capital: It is understood that the flow of capital contemplates the inflows
and outflows of money from an economy. Capital flow includes investments of different
types, such as participation in variable income and fixed income markets (Paez, 2020).
 Movement of persons: This is understood as any service provided by persons belonging to
the WTO through their presence in the territory of other WTO members. This includes all
employees of service companies and own-account service providers. (TRADE, 2008).
 Technology transfer: A process of knowledge transfer between companies or
organizations to produce goods and services and generate technological capabilities that
ensure better levels of economic efficiency and competitiveness.
Technology transfer is usually carried out between two companies (licensor and licensee)
from different countries that regulate their relations through a Technology Transfer
Agreement. (NEGOTIATOR, 2022).
References
COMERCIO, O. M. (2008). ORGANIZACION MUNDIAL DEL COMERCIO. Obtenido de
https://www.wto.org/spanish/tratop_s/serv_s/mouvement_persons_s/mouvement_pers
ons_s.htm

DELSOL, S. (2022). Software DELSOL. Obtenido de https://www.sdelsol.com/glosario/exportacion/

Icesi, U. (2009). Universidad Icesi. Obtenido de

https://www.icesi.edu.co/blogs/icecomex/2008/01/25/36/#:~:text=La%20exportaci
%C3%B3n%20es%20la%20salida,exportables%3A%20Tradicionales%20y%20No
%20Tradicionales.

Juan, B. C. (2022). Banco de la Republica. Obtenido de https://www.banrep.gov.co/es/jornadas-

capacitacion-dcin-2015-1#:~:text=Definici%C3%B3n%20de%20Importaci%C3%B3n%3A
%20Es%20la,resto%20del%20territorio%20aduanero%20nacional.

NEGOTIATOR, G. (2022). GLOBAL NEGOTIATOR. Obtenido de

https://www.globalnegotiator.com/comercio-internacional/diccionario/transferencia-de-
tecnologia/#:~:text=En%20el%20comercio%20internacional%20la,Contrato%20de
%20Transferencia%20de%20Tecnolog%C3%ADa.

Paez, G. (20 de 02 de 2020). Economipedia . Obtenido de

https://economipedia.com/definiciones/flujo-de-capital-comercio.html#:~:text=El%20flujo
%20de%20capital%20son,con%20el%20resto%20del%20mundo.

República, B. d. (2022). Banco de la República. Obtenido de

https://www.banrep.gov.co/es/estadisticas/inversion-directa