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Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct word or
phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks .
As the coronavirus pandemic canceled or changed (1) _______ Americans’ travel plans, people flocked to public
lands in record numbers – many for the first time. (2) _______ these outdoor spaces are a vital haven to visitors trying
to cope with the pandemic, land managers are finding that there’s a steep learning curve when it comes to these visitors’
responsible use.
“The visitation (3) _______ we typically saw on the weekend, we were seeing during the week”, says Lawrence
Lujan, a United States Forest Service public affairs (4) _______. “And the visitation that we typically saw during a
holiday weekend, like the Fourth of July, we were seeing on weekends.”
With increased use comes increased problems: Public land managers must content with people hiking off trail,
driving or parking off-road, trampling vegetation, not packing out trash and overcrowding.
This year’s uptick in visitors is going to continue. “Now, we’re getting ready for an expected spike in fall and
winter recreation,” say Lujan. Here’s how land managers, faced with a surge of visitors, are working to regulate crowds
and (5) _______ their impact.
(Adapted from nationalgeographic.com)
Question 1: A. almost B. every C. much D. most
Question 2: A. But B. Unless C. Because D. Although
Question 3: A. what B. where C. who D. that
Question 4: A. specialist B. specially C. special D. specially
Question 5: A. enhance B. increase C. minimize D. make
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word(s) CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined
word(s) in each of the following questions.
Question 6: In the past, women have confined to the domestic sphere.
A. restricted B. omitted C. excited D. pleased
Question 7: My head teacher has grave doubts as to whether I would pass my university entrance examination. I myself
feel so worried.
A. specific B. personal C. serious D. private
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to
each of the questions .
They may have been around for hundreds of millions of years - long before trees - but today sharks are among the
most threatened animals in the world, largely because of overfishing and habitat loss. Climate change adds another
overarching stressor to the mix. So how will sharks cope as the ocean heats them?
A new research looked at Port sharks to find out that individual sharks adapt in different ways, depending where
they came from. Port sharks from cooler waters in the Great Australian Bight found it harder to cope with rising
temperatures than those living in the warmer water from New South Wales.
This is important because it goes against the general assumption that species in warmer, tropical waters are at the
greatest risk of climate changes. It also illustrates that we shouldn't assume all populations in one species respond to
climate change in the same way, as it can lead to over-or underestimating their sensitivity.
In Australia. the impacts of climate change are visual: marine heat waves, coral bleaching events and disappearance
of mangrove forests. The southeast of Australia is global change hotspot, with water temperatures rising at three to four
times the global average. In addition to rising water temperatures, oceans are becoming more acidic and the amount of
oxygen is declining.
When it comes to dealing with rising water temperature, sharks have two options: they can change their bodies to
adapt, or move towards the poles to cooler waters.
The researchers collected Port sharks from cold water around Adelaide and warm water in Jervis Bay. After
increasing temperatures by 3°C, they studied their thermal limits (how much heat the sharks could take) and concluded
that with a rise in water temperature of just 3°C, the energy required to survive is more than twice that of current day
temperatures for the Port sharks. The massive shift in energy demand means they have to prioritize survival over
growth and reproduction. This means sharks in Adelaide will have slower growth when exposed to warmer waters,
including Bonnethead sharks and Epaulette sharks.
On the other hand, a 3°C temperature rise hardly affected the energy demands of the Port sharks from Jervis Bay at
all. The explanation can only be that Australia's southeastern coastline is warmed by the East Australian Current. With
each generation exposed to these naturally variable conditions, populations along this coastline have likely become
more tolerant to heat
(Adapted from theconversation.com)
Question 8: Which of the following features of sharks is NOT mentioned in the passage?
A. They are fighting the hardest against climate change.
B. They live in both warm and cold areas of the ocean.
C. Their population is significantly declining.
D. They are among the most ancient creatures on earth.
Question 9: Which sharks are less affected by the rising temperature?

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 A. Jervis Bay's Port sharks B. Adelaide's Port sharks
C. Epaulette sharks D. Bonnethead sharks
Question 10: The word "their" in paragraph 6 refers to __________.
A. Port sharks' B. temperatures' C. the poles' D. the researchers'
Question 11: The word "prioritize" in paragraph 6 is closest in meaning to __________.
A. refuse B. decline C. exclude D. choose
Question 12: Why are sharks from warm water less vulnerable to climate change?
A. They are familiar with acidic ocean. B. They can change their bio-features better.
C. They get used to the heat. D. Their sensitivity is overestimated.
Question 13: Which of the following is an implication of the research?
A. Animals living in warm areas seem to be in more danger than those inhabiting in cool weather.
B. Not all individuals belonging to one species react the same way to global warming.
C. Australian oceans' temperatures have been increased by 3°C in recent years.
D. Sharks tend to prefer moving to cooler areas like the poles to adapting their bodies.
Question 14: The most suitable title of the passage is __________.
A. How sharks respond to climate change depends on where they grew up
B. Climate change affects Australia greatly and severely
C. Port sharks are the most adaptive and smart creature on earth
D. What should be done to effectively tackle global warming?
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the sentence that best combines each pair of sentences
in the following questions.
Question 15: Hans told us about his investing in the company. He did it on his arrival at the meeting.
A. No sooner had Hans arrived at the meeting than he told us about his investing in the company.
B. Not until Hans told us that he would invest in the company did he arrive at the meeting.
C. Hardly had he informed us about his investing in the company when Hans arrived at the meeting.
D. Only after investing in the company did Hans inform us of his arrival at the meeting.
Question 16: I wish George had come to Italy with us.
A. I am sorry that George isn’t going to Italy with us.
B. I hope that George will go to Italy with us.
C. I am pleased that George came to Italy with us.
D. I am sorry that George didn’t come to Italy with us
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the sentence that is closest in meaning to each of the
following questions.
Question 17: I have never listened to jazz music before.
A. This is the first jazz music I listen to.
B. This is the first time I listened to jazz music.
C. This is the first time I have listened to jazz music.
D. This is the first time I listen to jazz music.
Question 18: It wasn’t her who you saw in her office last Friday because she she's been out of town for two weeks.
A. You shouldn’t have seen her in her office last Friday; she's been out of town for two weeks.
B. You can’t have seen her in her office last Friday; she's been out of town for two weeks.
C. You needn’t have seen her in her office last Friday; she's been out of town for two weeks.
D. You mustn’t have seen her in her office last Friday; she's been out of town for two weeks.
Question 19: “Could you wait me a second while I get dressed, Tom?” he asked.
A. Jane asked Tom to wait a second while she got dressed.
B. Jane said to Tom to wait a second while she got dressed.
C. Jane said to Tom he should wait a second while she got dressed.
D. Jane asked Tom to get her dressed for a while waiting.
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word that differs from the other three in the
position of primary stress in each of the following questions.
Question 20: A. demand B. marry C. connect D. attract
Question 21: A. regular B. confident C. impressive D. wonderful
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to
each of the questions .
Dreaming, a popular activity not merely for humans, really does help us process our memories and come to terms
with our daily lives. That might sound uncontroversial but we have never had clear evidence that is the case-until now.
Research on dreaming can raise the prospect of hacking our dreams to boost learning, memory and emotional well-
being.
A team of researchers have found that the emotional strength of the experiences we have when we awake is
linked to the content of our dreams, and the intensity of our dreaming brainwaves.
The team asked 20 volunteer students to keep detailed diary of their daily lives for 10 days, logging the main
things they had done, any personally significant events that had taken place, and any major concerns or worries they had
had. Where appropriate, the students noted any accompanying emotion, and scored it for intensity.

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 On the evening of the tenth day, the volunteers slept in the team’s dream lab while wearing an EEG cap that
measures their brainwaves. Each person was woken during rapid eye movement (REM) sleep, and if they had been
dreaming, a report of the dream was recorded. The team then compared the content of such dreams with the daily logs,
looking for links. An additional result of the research is that events that had a higher emotional impact were more likely
to become incorporated into a person’s dreams than blander, more neutral experiences.
Together, these findings suggest that the most intense dreaming activity occurs when our brains are working hard
to process recent, emotionally powerful experiences. If dreams do act as a sort of overnight therapy to soothe the
emotional impact of our experiences, it raises the prospect of manipulating our sleep brains to improve this process.
(Adapted from scientificamerican.com)
Question 22: According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true about dreaming?
A. No other species but human beings dream when they are sleeping.
B. It is a common knowledge that dreams relate to our memories.
C. Studying about dreams helps us improve our daily lives.
D. Persuasive evidence about dreams and memories has recently been confirmed.
Question 23: The result of the research shows that _______.
A. those who move their eyes rapidly when sleeping have more dreams than others
B. if we work hard during the day, there are more changes that we will have strange dreams
C. the more unforgettable our daily events are, the more powerful our dreams will be
D. the intensity of our brainwaves can tell us about the content of our dreams
Question 24: The word “logging” in paragraph 3 is closet in meaning to _______.
A. speaking about B. writing down C. taking part in D. stopping
Question 25: The word “it” in paragraph 3 refers to _______.
A. concern B. event C. emotion D. diary
Question 26: Which of the following is the most suitable title for the passage?
A. The link between awake experiences and dreams
B. How to make dreams improve your life
C. The impact of dreams on emotional events
D. Knowing more about dreams
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the option that best completes each of the following
exchanges.
Question 27: Patient: “Can I make an appointment to see Mr. John, please?”
Receptionist: “ ________ ”
A. Have a seat and have lunch.
B. OK, you will need to check my appointment calendar.
C. Not now. We’ll find a solution to this problem later.
D. OK, let me just check the appointment calendar.
Question 28: Mr David is having dinner with his friend in a restaurant.
Mr David: "Could you bring me some water?" - Waiter: “ ________”
A. Certainly, sir. B. I’m afraid not. C. No, thanks. D. Of course you can.
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word(s) OPPOSITE in meaning to the underlined
word(s) in each of the following questions.
Question 29: We ought to keep these proposals secret from the chairman for the time being.
A. frequented B. revealed C. lively D. accessible
Question 30: At first, no one believed she was a pilot, but her documents lent colour to her statements.
A. got information from B. provided evidence for
C. gave no proof of D. borrowed colour from
Question 11: She was a woman of great courage and she will long be remembered by her grief-stricken family and
friends.
A. becoming thoroughly miserable B. being financially insecure
C. feeling extremely happy D. getting much involved
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the underlined part that needs correction in each of
the following questions.
Question 31: Tom’s jokes are inappropriate but we have to put up with it just because he’s the boss.
A. because B. it C. the D. inappropriate
Question 32: If you wanted to be chosen for the job, you’ll have to be experienced in the field.
A. chosen for B. in C. wanted D. experienced
Question 33: All the candidates for the scholarship will be equally treated regarding of their sex, age, or nationality.
A. scholarship B. regarding C. nationality D. candidates
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.
Question 34: When Bill got home, his children _________ in the yard.
A. will be playing B. played C. were playing D. are playing
Question 35: Nowadays, it’s become ______ common to offer guests the wifi password along with a cup of tea.
A. increasing B. increase C. increased D. increasingly

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Question 36: My neighbor is driving me mad! It seems that _______ it is at night, _______ he plays his music!
A. the less / the more loud B. the more late / the more loudlier
C. the later / the louder D. the less / less
Question 37: Solar energy is not widely used ___________ it is friendly to the environment.
A. although B. because of C. since D. in spite of
Question 38: The Professor ________ his ideas clearly in the lecture.
A. came across B. ran across C. put across D. cut across
Question 39: _______ his car, he then vacuumed it.
A. To polish B. Being polished C. Polish D. Having polished
Question 40: I think people who spare time to help the old, sick and homeless are ________.
A. the salt of the earth B. two peas in a pod C. sour grapes D. full of beans
Question 41: Life is so full of both good fortune and misfortune that you have to learn to take the rough with the
_______.
A. ready B. smooth C. calm D. tough
Question 42: Betty_________ a lot of presents on her birthday and she loved the teddy bear most.
A. was been given B. was given C. was giving D. gave
Question 43: A university degree is considered to be a _________for entry into most professions.
A. demand B. requisite C. claim D. request
Question 44: She will take management training course ______.
A. as soon as the epidemic was controlled
B. until the epidemic will be controlled
C. when the epidemic had been controlled
D. right after the epidemic has been controlled
Question 45: Helen has just bought two _______ scarves.
A. black new wool B. new wool black C. new black wool D. black wool new
Question 46: Global warming will result _______ crop failures and famines.
A. from B. in C. for D. with
Question 47: In the _________ agriculture, farmers try to limit the use of chemicals and fertilizers.
A. preserving B. conserving C. supporting D. sustainable
Question 48: My friends don't know him, _______?
A. don't they B. are they C. do they D. aren't they
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word whose underlined part differs from the other
three in pronunciation in each of the following questions.
Question 49: A. concerned B. furnished C. expelled D. involved
Question 50: A. remind B. literacy C. surprising D. irony
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