UNIT 1

UNLOCK YOUR KNOWLEDGE

Answers will vary.

WATCH AND LISTEN

PREPARING TO WATCH
UNDERSTANDING KEY VOCABULARY
1. Answers
1) e 2) b 3) a 4) f 5) d 6) g 7) c 8) h
2. Answers will vary.

WHILE WATCHING
UNDERSTANDING MAIN IDEAS
3. Answers
Sentence 2 best describes the topic of the video.

LISTENING FOR KEY INFORMATION

4. Answers
1) Industrialization, modern transport, globalization,
multinational corporations and outsourcing
2) 800 years
3) 1
4) 60%
5) 30 billion Australian dollars per year.
6) In specialist food shops across the world.
7) It has brought money and hope by creating jobs.

DISCUSSION
5. Answers will vary.
LISTENING 1
PREPARING TO LISTEN
USING YOUR KNOWLEDGE

1. –

WHILE LISTENING
LISTENING FOR GIST
2. Answers
Topics 1, 2, 6 and 7.

LISTENING FOR DETAIL

3. Answers
1) T 2) T 3) F 4) F 5) F 6) F

POST LISTENING
LISTENING FOR OPINION
4. Answers
1) a 2) b 3) a

PRONUNCIATION FOR
LISTENING
Consonant clusters
5. Answers
1) going 2) tea 3) find 4) sewed 5) timed 6) Flying 7) pass 8) cost
6. Answers
support; three; First; sixth; climate; state; trap; growing, would; rain

DISCUSSION
7. Answers will vary.
LANGUAGE
DEVELOPMENT
THE ACTIVE AND PASSIVE VOICE
1. Answers
1) P 2) A 3) A 4) P 5) P
2. Answers
1) Fruit is shipped long distances.
2) Spanish tomatoes are imported.
3) A lot of produce in Spain is sold for export.
4) UK greenhouses / Greenhouses in the UK must be heated.
5) More information should be given (in supermarkets) about where fruit comes from.

Suggested answers
• David, did you realize that all of this fruit is imported from overseas?
• They have to be imported.
• It is possible to grow fruits and vegetables from hot countries here, but they have to be grown
in greenhouses, …
• If you look at these tomatoes, which were grown on a local farm, …
• That was flown about 18,800 kilometres.
• … a huge amount of pollution was produced to get this food to the shelves.
• When food travels, a lot of carbon dioxide pollution is produced …
• This lettuce may have been grown in the local area, but it could have been transported across
the country to be put into this plastic packaging.
• … food grown around the country is transported to large factories to be packaged or
processed.
• It’s sometimes then transported back to the place it was grown in the first place.

GLOBALIZATION AND
ENVIRONMENT VOCABULARY
3. Answers
1) carbon footprint 2) transportation 3) carbon dioxide emissions 4) processing
5) climate change 6) environment 7) supply chain 8) purchasing 9) produce 10) imported

LISTENING 2
PREPARING TO LISTEN
USING YOUR KNOWLEDGE
1. Answers will vary.

WHILE LISTENING
LISTENING FOR MAIN IDEAS
2. Answers
a) 3 b) 5 c) 1 d) 2 e) 4

LISTENING FOR DETAIL

3. Answers
households: 29%; processing: 20%; agriculture: 15%;
wholesale & retail: 14%; food service: 12%;
packaging: 6%; transportation: 4%

POST LISTENING
4. Answers
1 ...general changes in lifestyle ...
2 You can buy fresh fruit and vegetables from all over the world...
3 ...aeroplanes creating pollution that causes environmental problems...
4 Experts argue that foods that are the least damaging to the environment are usually the ones
grown locally.
5 These greenhouses are heated.

5. Answers
1) Due to 2) As a result 3) … because of 4) Consequently 5) …and therefore
6. Possible answers:
1) Due to improvements in food processing techniques, food now stays fresher for longer.
2) Food travels to supermarkets by aeroplane. As a result, we can buy fruits and vegetables
from other countries all year round.
3) Locally grown foods have a smaller carbon footprint. Consequently, they are better for the
environment.
4) Producing food packaging uses a lot of energy, which therefore results in a bigger carbon
footprint for the food packaging companies.

DISCUSSION
7. Answers will vary.

CRITICAL THINKING
UNDERSTAND
Understanding a pie chart
1. Answers
1) The percentage of the price of a banana that goes to each party involved in its production
and distribution.
2) 9
3) The other percentages in the chart would increase in size

UNDERSTANDING DATA IN A PIE CHART

2. Answers
1) The amount of money the supermarket takes, at 38%.
2) The amount of money that goes to the plantation worker, at 2%.
3) International transportation.
4) Ripening contributes 5% to the price of bananas.
5) Import licences contribute 9% to the pie chart.
ANALYZE
ANALYZING AND USING DATA IN A PIE CHART
3. Answers
1) C 2) C 3) S 4) C 5) C 6) C
4. Possible answers
1) Because they make a big profit by increasing the price of the bananas once they are in
stores.
2) Because they are cheap to grow in their country of origin.
3) Because they pay their workers very low wages.
4) The supermarket section of the pie chart would probably increase, as supermarkets would
have to pay less tax so their profits would increase.
5) The price of bananas would probably increase, as supermarkets would want to make the
same amount of prof[t on the bananas they sell.

SPEAKING
PREPARATION FOR SPEAKING
Presenting data

1,2 Answers
1) I’d like to talk about 2) a lot of discussion 3) Many people believe 4) others have pointed out
5) They say 6) would like to show 7) look at 8) consider

DESCRIBING A PIE CHART

3. Answers
1 The largest part; more than a quarter of
2 accounts for
3 each make up; a total of
4 Three parts are related to; they make up

DRAWING CONCLUSIONS FROM DATA

4. Answers
a) 3 b) 1 c) 5 d) 7 e) 6 f) 2 g) 4
5. Answers
1) e 2) a 3) d 4) c 5) b