Z = x + iy = r(cosθ + isinθ)

x = r cosθ y = r sinθ

σx = Re(Z) − yIm(Z′) KI
Re(Z) = cos(θ/2)
KI KI 2πr
= cos(θ/2) − r sinθ sin(3θ/2)
2πr 2r 3/2 2π KI
Im(Z′) = sin(3θ/2)
KI 2r 3/2 2π
= [cos(θ/2) − sin(θ/2)cos(θ/2) sin(3θ/2)]
2πr
r
KI
= cos(θ/2)[1 − sin(θ/2)sin(3θ/2)] θ

2πr