SINGAPORE NATIONAL ACADEMY

School Year 2021 – 2022

Term 2 test 1 (chapter 5, 6)
Year 11

Name: __________________________________ Score: ___________ Date : ______________

General Instructions:
1. Print all pages of this test paper.
2. Make sure that the teacher can see your table the entire duration of the test. Only test paper,
calculator, drawing materials are on top of the table. Fail to follow this instruction will give you
deduction of 20 from raw mark.
3. No student should look or even glance to their screen.
4. Take a picture or scan your answer, then attach your answer in google classroom. (from page
5 onwards)

I. Multiple Choice : Shade the letter of the correct answer (answer sheet is on page 5).

1. Two blocks, X and Y, are on a horizontal frictionless surface. The mass of block Y is greater
than that of block X. Block Y has a spring attached to its end. The blocks are pushed together
so that the spring is compressed between them and the blocks are held stationary as shown.

When released, the blocks move in opposite directions.

Which statement is correct?

A. After release, the kinetic energy of block X must equal the kinetic energy of block Y.
B. After release, the sum of the kinetic energies of the blocks is equal to zero.
C. The total energy of the spring and blocks immediately before release is zero.
D. The total energy of the spring and blocks is equal to the energy needed to bring the blocks
together.

2. Two solid spheres form an isolated system. Sphere X moves with speed 6 cm s–1 in a straight
line directly towards a stationary sphere Y, as shown.

The spheres have a perfectly elastic collision. After the collision, sphere X moves with speed
2cm s–1 in the same direction as before the collision.

What is the speed of sphere Y?

A. 2 cm s–1 B. 4 cm s–1 C. 6 cm s–1 D. 8 cm s–1

AS term2 test1 1
 3. What is a statement of the principle of conservation of momentum?

A. In an elastic collision momentum is constant.

B. Momentum is the product of mass and velocity.
C. The force acting on a body is proportional to its rate of change of momentum.
D. The momentum of an isolated system is constant.

4. Power is transferred through a machine as shown.

What is the efficiency of the machine?

𝑃𝑂 𝑃𝐿 𝑃𝐼 𝑃𝑂
A. B. C. D.
𝑃𝐼 𝑃𝐼 𝑃𝑂 𝑃𝐼 +𝑃𝐿

5. A ball of mass m is thrown up to height h in air with an initial velocity v, as shown.

Air resistance is negligible. The acceleration of free fall is g.

What is the total work done by the gravitational force on the ball during its flight from P to Q?
1
A. zero B. 𝑚𝑣 2 C. mgh D. 2mgh
2

6. A constant force F, acting on a car of mass m, moves the car up a slope through a distance s
at constant velocity v. The angle of the slope to the horizontal is α.

𝑔𝑟𝑎𝑣𝑖𝑡𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛𝑎𝑙 𝑝𝑜𝑡𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑖𝑎𝑙 𝑒𝑛𝑒𝑟𝑔𝑦 𝑔𝑎𝑖𝑛𝑒𝑑 𝑏𝑦 𝑐𝑎𝑟

What is the ratio 𝑤𝑜𝑟𝑘 𝑑𝑜𝑛𝑒 𝑏𝑦 𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑐𝑒 𝐹
?

𝑚𝑔𝑠 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝛼 𝑚𝑣 𝑚𝑣 2 𝑚𝑔 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝛼

A. 𝐹𝑣
B. 𝐹𝑣
C. 2𝐹𝑠
D. 𝐹

AS term2 test1 2
 7. Car X is travelling at half the speed of car Y. Car X has twice the mass of car Y.
Which statement is correct?

A. Car X has half the kinetic energy of car Y.

B. Car X has one quarter of the kinetic energy of car Y.
C. Car X has twice the kinetic energy of car Y.
D. The two cars have the same kinetic energy.

8. A rocket is fired upwards.

As it accelerates upwards after leaving the launch pad, which forms of energy are changing?

A. chemical energy, gravitational potential energy and kinetic energy

B. chemical energy and gravitational potential energy only
C. chemical energy and kinetic energy only
D. gravitational potential energy and kinetic energy only

9. The force resisting the motion of a car is proportional to the square of the car’s speed. The
magnitude of the force at a speed of 20.0 m s–1 is 800 N.
What useful output power is required from the car’s engine to maintain a steady speed of
40.0 m s–1?

A. 32 kW B. 64 kW C. 128 kW D. 512 kW

10. An object of mass m travelling with speed 5u collides with, and sticks to, an object of mass 5m
travelling in the same direction with speed u.

What is the speed with which the two objects travel together in the original direction?
3 6 10
A. 10 𝑢 B. 𝑢 C. 5 𝑢 D. 6 𝑢

11. A ball drops onto a horizontal surface and bounces elastically.

What happens to the kinetic energy of the ball during the very short time that it is in contact
with the surface?

A. Most of the kinetic energy is lost as heat and sound.

B. The kinetic energy decreases to zero and then returns to its original value.
C. The kinetic energy remains constant because it is an elastic collision.
D. The kinetic energy remains constant in magnitude but changes direction.

12. An object of mass 0.30 kg is thrown vertically upwards from the ground with an initial velocity
of 8.0 m s–1. The object reaches a maximum height of 1.9 m.

How much work is done against air resistance as the object rises to its maximum height?
A. 4.0 J B. 5.6 J C. 9.6 J D. 15 J

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 13. A water pump raises a mass of 27 x 103 kg of water through a vertical distance of 80 m in a
time of 1.0 hour.

What is the average useful output power of the pump?

A. 0.60 kW B. 5.9 kW C. 36 kW D. 350 kW

14. A trolley runs from P to Q along a track. At Q its potential energy is 50 kJ less than at P.

At P, the kinetic energy of the trolley is 5 kJ. Between P and Q, the trolley does 10 kJ of work
against friction.

What is the kinetic energy of the trolley at Q?

A. 35 kJ B. 45 kJ C. 55 kJ D. 65 kJ

15. A hydroelectric power station uses the gravitational potential energy of water to generate
electrical energy. In one particular power station, the mass of water flowing per unit time is
1.5x105 kg s–1. The water falls through a vertical height of 120 m.
The electrical power generated is 100 MW.

What is the efficiency of the power station?

A. 5.6% B. 43% C. 57% D. 77%

Answer sheet for MCQ (15 marks)

AS term2 test1 4
 A B C D A B C D A B C D
1 6 11
2 7 12
3 8 13
4 9 14
5 10 15

II. Structure questions (35 marks)

1. A gas molecule has a mass of 6.64 × 10−27 kg and a speed of 1250 m s−1. The molecule
collides normally with a flat surface and rebounds with the same speed, as shown in Fig. 1.1.

Fig. 1.1

Calculate the change in momentum of the molecule.

change in momentum = ................................................... N s [2]

2. (a) A spring is fixed at one end and is compressed by applying a force to the other end. The
variation of the force F acting on the spring with its compression x is shown in Fig. 2.1.

Fig. 2.1

A compression of 0.045 m is produced when a force F1 acts on the spring. The spring has a
spring constant of 800 N m−1.

AS term2 test1 5
 (i) Determine F1.

F1 = ..................................................... N [2]

(ii) Use Fig. 2.1 to show that, for a compression of 0.045 m, the elastic potential energy of
the spring is 0.81 J.

[2]

(b) A child’s toy uses the spring in (a) to launch a ball of mass 0.020 kg vertically into the air.
The ball is initially held against one end of the spring which has a compression of 0.045 m.
The spring is then released to launch the ball. The kinetic energy of the ball as it leaves the
toy is 0.72 J.

(i) The toy converts the elastic potential energy of the spring into the kinetic energy of the
ball. Use the information in (a)(ii) to calculate the percentage efficiency of this
conversion.

efficiency = ..................................................... % [1]

(ii) Determine the initial momentum of the ball as it leaves the toy.

momentum = ................................................... N s [3]

(c) The ball in (b) leaves the toy at point A and moves vertically upwards through the air. Point
B is the position of the ball when it is at maximum height h above point A, as illustrated in
Fig. 2.2.

Fig. 2.2 (not to scale)

AS term2 test1 6
 The gravitational potential energy of the ball increases by 0.60 J as it moves from A to B.

(i) Calculate h.

h = ..................................................... m [2]

(ii) Determine the average force due to air resistance acting on the ball for its movement
from A to B.

average force = ..................................................... N [2]

(iii) When there is air resistance, the ball takes time T to move from A to B.
State and explain whether the time taken for the ball to move from A to its maximum
height will be more than, less than or equal to time T if there is no air resistance.

...........................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................... [1]
[Total: 13]

3. (a) State what is meant by work done.

..................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................. [1]

(b) A lift (elevator) of weight 13.0 kN is connected by a cable to a motor, as shown in Fig. 3.1.

Fig. 3.1

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 The lift is pulled up a vertical shaft by the cable. A constant frictional force of 2.0 kN acts on
the lift when it is moving. The variation with time t of the speed v of the lift is shown in
Fig.3.2.

Fig. 3.2

(i) Use Fig. 3.2 to determine:

1. the acceleration of the lift between time t = 0 and t = 3.0 s

acceleration = ................................................ m s–2 [2]

2. the work done by the motor to raise the lift between time t = 3.0 s and t = 6.0 s.

work done = ...................................................... J [2]

(ii) The motor has an efficiency of 67%. The tension in the cable is 1.6 × 104 N at time
t=2.5 s. Determine the input power to the motor at this time.

input power = ..................................................... W [3]

[Total: 8]

AS term2 test1 8
 4. A wooden block moves along a horizontal frictionless surface, as shown in Fig. 4.1.

Fig. 4.1

The block has mass 85 g and moves to the left with a velocity of 2.0 m s–1. A steel ball of mass
4.0 g is fired to the right. The steel ball, moving horizontally with a speed of 45 m s–1, collides
with the block and remains embedded in it. After the collision the block and steel ball both
have speed v.

(a) Calculate v.

v = ................................................ m s–1 [2]

(b) (i) For the block and ball, state

1. the relative speed of approach before collision,

relative speed of approach = ...................................................... m s–1

2. the relative speed of separation after collision.

relative speed of separation = ...................................................... m s–1

[1]

(ii) Use your answers in (i) to state and explain whether the collision is elastic or inelastic.

...........................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................... [1]
[Total: 4]

5. (a) (i) Define power.

...........................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................... [1]

(ii) State what is meant by gravitational potential energy.

...........................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................... [1]

AS term2 test1 9
 (b) An aircraft of mass 1200 kg climbs upwards with a constant velocity of 45 m s–1, as shown
in Fig. 5.1.

Fig. 5.1 (not to scale)

The aircraft’s engine produces a thrust force of 2.0 × 103 N to move the aircraft through the
air. The rate of increase in height of the aircraft is 3.3 m s–1.

(i) Calculate the power produced by the thrust force.

power = ..................................................... W [2]

(ii) Determine, for a time interval of 3.0 minutes, the work done by the thrust force to move
the aircraft,

work done = ....................................................... J [2]

(iii) With reference to the motion of the aircraft, state and explain whether the aircraft is in
equilibrium.

.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................ [2]
[Total: 8]

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