Formula

Msmd model

Les batteries lithium-ion sont difficiles à modéliser à cause de leurs propriétés physique complexes.
Pour cela, on a choisi l'approche MSMD afin de simplifier le calcul.

Afin de résoudre les différents domaines électriques et thermiques de la batterie, le logiciel utilise les
formules suivantes :

∂ ρC p T
−∇ . ( K ∇ T ) =σ +¿¿ ¿¿
∂t
∇ .¿
∇ .¿

σ + ¿¿ : effective electric conductivities for the positive electrode

σ −¿¿ : effective electric conductivities for the negative electrode
φ+ ¿¿ : phase potentials for the positive electrode
φ−¿¿ : phase potentials for the negative electrode
j ECh : volumetric current transfer rate

q̇ ECh : electrochemical reaction heat due to electrochemical reactions

j short : the current transfer rate

q̇ short : heat generation rate due to battery internal short-circuit

q̇ abuse : heat generation due to thermal runaway reactions under the thermal abuse condition

The Newman, Tiedemann, Gu, and Kim (NTGK) model is a semi-empirical electrochemical model. In
the model formulation, the volumetric current transfer rate in Equation 3.2 (eq 2 lfou9) is related to
the potential field by the following algebraic equation:

j ECh=aY ¿

where is the specific area of the electrode sandwich sheet in the battery, Y and U are the model
parameters which are functions of the battery depth of discharge (DoD) :

(∫ )
t
Vol
DoD= j dt
3600Q Ah 0

Vol : battery volume

Q Ah : battery total electric capacity in Ampere hours.
For a given battery, the voltage-current response curve can be obtained through experimentation. Y
and U can then be determined by curve fitting the data.

(∑ ) [ ( )]
n=0
1 1
Y= an ( DoD )n exp −C1 −
5 T T ref

(∑ ) (
n=0
n
U= bn ( DoD ) −C 2 T −T ref )
3

where C1 and C2 are the battery-specific NTGK model constants. The electrochemical reaction heat
in Equation 3.1 (p. 85)) is calculated as

q̇ ECh = j ECh ¿

where the first term is heat due to overpotential and the second term is heat due to entropic
heating.