Windsor Probe Test

Windsor Probe
CN780
Impact Test Equipment Ltd
www.impact-test.co.uk & www.impact-test.com
User Guide
User Guide
Impact Test Equipment Ltd.
Building 21 Stevenston Ind. Est.
Stevenston
Ayrshire
KA20 3LR
T: 01294 602626
F: 01294 461168
E: sales@impact-test.co.uk
Test Equipment Web Site

www.impact-test.co.uk
Test Sieves & Accessories Web Site

www.impact-test.com
-1-
Contents

Table of Contents ............................................................................. 3
Chapter 1: Introduction..................................................................... 5
Applications ............................................................................. 6
Features .................................................................................. 6
Chapter 2: Instrument Contents List ................................................ 7
Contents List............................................................................ 9
Probes ................................................................................... 11
Mohs’ Test Kit ........................................................................ 12
Scratch Testing ................................................................. 12
Chapter 3: Power Driver Overview ................................................ 13
Instrument Functions ............................................................. 14
Loading the Driver ................................................................. 14
Selecting Power Level....................................................... 20
Driving Probes ....................................................................... 21
Flat Surfaces ..................................................................... 21
Vertical Surfaces ............................................................... 22
Curved Surfaces ............................................................... 22
Chapter 4: Electronic Measuring Unit Overview ............................ 23
Instrument Functions ............................................................. 24
Determining Results .............................................................. 24
Recording Results ................................................................. 26
Removing Probes .................................................................. 27
Chapter 5: Electronic Measuring Unit ............................................ 29
Control Panel Buttons............................................................ 29
Title Screen ........................................................................... 30
Enter Setup ............................................................................ 31
Show Settings........................................................................ 32
Calibrate ............................................................................ 33
Set Clock ............................................................................... 35
Set Settings ........................................................................... 36
Download Tests ..................................................................... 38
Show Tests ............................................................................ 39
Run Test ................................................................................ 40
Measure ................................................................................. 42
Chapter 6: Standard Power Table ................................................. 43
Chapter 7: Low Power Table.......................................................... 46
3
Chapter 8: Software Installation ..................................................... 49
Chapter 9: Where to Position Probes ............................................ 52
Chapter 10: Troubleshooting.......................................................... 54
Unit Will Not Power On .......................................................... 54
Chapter 11: Maintenance ............................................................... 55
Chapter 12: Sample Test Form ...................................................... 57

4
Chapter 1: Introduction
The Windsor Probe™ System is designed to evaluate the

compressive strength of concrete. The system rapidly and
accurately determines the concrete compressive strength of a
structure by driving a probe into the concrete with a known amount
of force; the shallower the depth of probe penetration, the stronger
the concrete.
Improved and enhanced over 30 years, the system measures
concrete in a simple and effective manner. It has rugged assembly
for use in the construction environment and is designed to provide
the end user with a simple, straightforward answer. An electronic
measuring unit has been added to the original kit to help ensure
proper test results that can be recorded for later review or uploaded
to a personal computer.
This system has widespread uses in testing concrete in-situ, on
conventionally placed, sprayed or pre-cast concrete; on horizontal
or vertical slabs; on floors or overhead; or on fresh or mature
concrete. It is equally accurate at obtained results on horizontal or
vertical surfaces provided that the probe is perpendicular or at right
angles to the test surface.
The system has a safety feature, in which the driver cannot be
discharged unless it is fully depressed with some force against the
actuating template that rests against the surface being tested.
The Windsor Probe system has been approved by federal, state,
and municipal agencies as well as a number of foreign countries.
5
Applications
• Measures the compressive strength of concrete
accurately and effectively
• Monitors the strength for rehabilitation as concrete ages
• Determines the developing strength of concrete
Features
• New electronic measuring system enhances accuracy
and efficiency
• Non-destructive and can be used with equal
effectiveness on fresh and mature concrete
• Measurement to 17,000 psi (110 MPa)
• Memory for data storage and uploading to PC
• Safe and reliable
• Does not allow for accidental discharge and does not
have recoil
• Approved by municipalities in the United States, Asia,
and Europe, this system conforms to ASTM C-803, BS
1881 Part 207, ANSI A.10-3 ACI 347-78 and other
testing standards.
6
Chapter 2: Instrument Contents List
Each Windsor Probe System comes with the

following items included in the carrying case.
7
Figure 2.1: Windsor Probe System Contents
8
Contents List
Item # Definition
1 Barrel Brush/Rod – Used to clean contaminants out of
the barrel after firing and to position test probes in the
barrel for use in Low Power position.
2 Power Driver – Used to drive the steel probe into the
surface of the concrete.
3 Withdrawal Kit – Used to withdraw the probe from the
concrete surface.
4 (3) Single Probe Measuring Plates – Used to place
over the probe and against the concrete to take an
electronic depth reading.
5 Electronic Measuring Unit – Used to electronically
measure exposed probe length, correlate this reading
with an appropriate compressive strength value and
store the values for later use.
6 (2) Single Probe Firing Templates – Used to place
the power driver on to fire probe into concrete.
7 (2) Driver Heads – Used to screw onto the threaded
end of the probe prior to firing.
8 (3) Single Probe Measuring Caps – Replaces driver
head on fired probes and used to take measurements
of depth penetration.
9 Checklist – Checklist of items completed by a
technician prior to packaging the unit.
10 (2) AA Batteries – Used to power the Electronic
Measuring Unit.
11 Calibration Certificate – Certificate to confirm that the
instrument has been calibrated to meet or exceed
published specifications.
9
12 RS-232 serial cord – Serial cord used to connect the

Windsor Probe to a PC to upload data.
13 Mohs’ Test Kit – Used to determine the Mohs’ value of
any aggregate (Scale of Hardness).
14 Wrench – Used with the withdrawal kit to extract the
steel probe from the concrete after firing.
15 CD Disk – Contains system upload program.
16 Whisk Broom – Used to clean the surface after driving
probes.
17 Three-Probe Template – Used to place or hang over
the first probe to determine the location of the
placement of additional probes. This ensures that any
subsequent probes are far enough apart from the initial
probe; so that if a weakness is created due to the initial
probe it won’t affect the reading of the subsequent fired
probes.
10
Chapte
er 2: Instrument Con
ntents List
Probes
Used witth a precise charg ge, probes are fire
ed into a concretee surface
to measu ure the amount off penetration. This penetration am mount is
then useed to determine th he compressive sttrength of the con ncrete.
Two prob be styles are available: one for ligh
htweight, low dennsity
concretee with air filled agg
gregate and the other
o probe for more
standardd mix designs. Alsso, two standard power
p settings fa
acilitate
testing frresh concrete as well
w as mature mixes.
m
Two powwer settings are available: low and standard power. The low
power is used where conccrete strength is less
l than 3,000 psi
p (19.4
MPa). Thhe newly designeed silver probes can be used for high
performa
ance concrete witth strength up to 17,000
1 psi (110 MPa).
M
The prob
bes are made of a high strength alloy, specially heaat treated
and anneealed to achieve a hardness of Roockwell C 48. Spe ecial
machinin
ng of each probe eliminates stresss concentrations.
The gold d probe has a 56% % greater cross-ssectional area tha an the
silver; it is
i recommended for light weight concrete - less tha an 125
lbs/cu. ft. (2,003 Kg/M3) in n density. The silver probe is used d with
concrete e having a densityy greater than 1255 lbs/cu. ft. (2,003
3
Kg/M3).
Probes are
a consumable ittems and can be used one time on nly. For
additiona
al probes, please contact NDT Jam
mes Instruments.
F
Figure 2.2: Probe Typ
pes
11
Mohs’ Test Kit

In order to obtain accurate results with this test system, it is
necessary to know the hardness of the coarse aggregate, as
expressed in “Mohs.” The Mohs’ system is a universally accepted
system for classifying minerals by hardness with numbers from
1 to 10.
On most jobs where you will be testing new concrete, the ready-mix
supplier should be able to give you this information in advance
because the aggregate is usually specified in the mix design. In
situations where the Mohs' value is not known, it can be determined
by following the procedure.
Scratch Testing
When planning to test newly placed concrete, it is best to obtain
aggregate samples directly from the mix when it is delivered to the
job site. If this is not possible, and when evaluating old concrete, it
is necessary to locate a piece of exposed aggregate, or to expose
one if none is showing. Then, use the kit with nine numbered
minerals to determine the Mohs’ value of any aggregate.
` To perform a Mohs’ test:

1. Start with #9 and scratch the aggregate.
2. If the scratch will not rub off, scratch the aggregate with #8.
3. Continue this way until the scratch rubs off.
The number on the stone that will not scratch the aggregate
is the Mohs’ value of the aggregate.
12
Chapter 3: Power Driver Overview
The following is an overview of all of the external features of the

Windsor Probe Power Driver.
Figure 3.1: Windsor Probe System Overview
13
Instrument Functions
Item # Definition
1 Barrel – Used to hold the probe, driver head, breech
plug and power load.
2 Breech Plug – Used to hold the power load in the
breech.
3 Handle – Used to hold and driver while firing and
houses the trigger to fire the probe.
4 Charge Extraction Tool – Used to remove the charge
from the breech.
Loading the Driver

For all concrete made with natural aggregate, load the driver with a
silver probe. With lightweight concrete made with synthetic
aggregate, use the gold probes. Probes and loads are provided in
groups of three. Each probe package has a serial number, which
allows traceability of components to manufacturer’s testing of every
batch. This serial number is a verification of test component
accuracy.
` To open and load the driver

1. Grasp the handle with one hand and the barrel with the
other. Twist the barrel clockwise to unlock the barrel.
Figure 3.2: Unlocking the Barrel
14
2. Pull the barrel away from the handle and fold the barrel
down.
Figure 3.3: Removing the Barrel
3. Remove the breech plug and set it aside.
Figure 3.4: Removing the Breech Plug
15
4. Prepare the test probe by screwing the driver head onto the
threaded end of the probe. Continue until it bottoms out and
cannot thread on anymore.
Figure 3.5: Preparing the Test Probe
16
5. Load the probe into the barrel by grasping the driver head
and with a twisting motion, insert the probe into the breech-
end of the driver barrel until it sits flush with the breech.
NOTE: Do not remove the rubber flange on the probe. This

prevents the probe from falling out of the breech.
Figure 3.6: Loading the Probe into the Barrel
17
6. Reinsert the breech plug so that it sits flush with the breech
surface.
Figure 3.7: Reinserting the Breech Plug
7. Determine which power level is required for the test—

Standard or Low Power (see p. 20).
8. Insert the .32 S&W power load into the breech plug.
18
9. Fold the barrel up toward the handle and pull the two
together. Twist counterclockwise to close the barrel.
Figure 3.8: Closing and Locking the Barrel
At this point do not touch the trigger. The driver is

prepared to fire. Always keep the driver pointed in a safe
direction.
As an added safety, the driver should fire only when
pressed firmly against the single probe firing template (item
6 on p. 7).
19
Selecting Power Level

Always use low power for the first test. If the probe is not firmly
embedded in the concrete, change to Standard Power. To obtain
Low Power, push the driver head and probe 2.5 inches into the
barrel, beech plug in place, with the barrel brush handle. The brush
handle is specifically tapered to allow you to push the driver head
exactly 2.5 inches into the barrel through the breech plug. For
Standard Power the driver head and probe is pushed into the
barrel followed by the breech plug and power load.
Figure 3.9: Selecting the Power Level
Always use the low power range for testing concrete less than 28
days after placement or until the concrete has cured sufficiently to
cause loose probes (approximately 3800 to 4500 psi). If the probes
are not firmly embedded, change to Standard Power.
NOTE: If the driver ever fails to fire, hold firmly against template for
30 seconds, then remove the driver from the template, keep pointed
in a safe direction, open driver and remove the power load.
20
Driving Probes
Individual probes, or the averages of only two probes, may not yield
results that accurately reflect the true strength of the concrete. One
is an indication, two a comparison, and three a statistically
significant result. This is also true of cores, cylinders, or any quality
control system.
Flat Surfaces
Place the single probe-locating template on concrete and drive
probe. Place the three-probe template over the first probe. Position
single probe-locating template in cut-away for the next two probes.
NOTE: It is critical
that you fire with
the power driver
perpendicular to the
surface in order to
get a good reading.
Firing at an angle
can also damage
the template.
Figure 3.10: Preparing to Fire the Probe
Item # Definition
1 Power Driver
2 Single Probe Locating Template
3 Three Probe Template
21
Vertical Surfaces
Once the first probe has been placed, the template will hang from
embedded probe while the driver assembly is reloaded.
Figure 3.11: Preparing to Fire the Probe on Vertical Surfaces
Curved Surfaces
Use the single probe-locating template; place on concrete and drive
three probes individually. Probes must be set in groups of three,
and must be within 36 inches of each other and at least 6 inches
apart.
Figure 3.12: Firing the Probe on Curved Surfaces
22
Chapter 4: Electronic Measuring Unit Overview
The following is an overview of all of the external features of the

Windsor Probe Electronic Measuring Units.
p
o
Figure 4.1: Windsor Probe System Overview
23
Instrument Functions
Item # Definition
1 Sensor bushing.
2 Connects to the RS-232 serial port location to upload
data onto your PC.
3 2 AA battery location; unscrew open to replace.
4 Windsor Probe display screen.
5 Windsor Probe control panel.
6 Displays meter name, model number, and serial
number.
Determining Results
Determining results can be done manually with the optional depth
gauge or automatically with the electronic measuring unit.
` To determine penetration depth:

1. Remove any probe locating template and brush the surface
clean with the provided whisk broom.
2. Lightly tap the probes with a hammer to make sure they are
seated in their holes.
3. Remove the driver head from the end of the test probe.
24
4. Place a single probe measuring plate over the probe and

flat against the concrete surface.
Figure 4.2: Leveling the Measuring Plate with the Concrete Surface
5. Thread a measuring cap on top of the probe.
Figure 4.3: Threading the Measure Cap
25
6. Push the unit over the end of the cap until the bushing
touches the bottom gauge plate.
Figure 4.4: Pushing the unit on the End the Cap
Recording Results
See p. 56 of this manual for a form for recording test results. It is
recommended that you keep this as a master copy and photocopy it
as needed. Every time a test is performed, one of these forms
should be completed.
26
Removing Probes
Once the tests are completed and the measurements have been
taken, the probes can be removed.
` To remove the probe:

1. Unscrew the measuring cap from the probe and remove the
single probe measuring plate.
Figure 4.5: Removing the Measuring Cap
2. Place the round withdrawal barrel over the probe with the
flat face down. The withdrawal barrel serves as a washer
so that the hexagonal nut can rotate freely.
Figure 4.6: Placing the Withdrawal Barrel over the Probe
3. Screw the hexagonal nut on to the probe.
Figure 4.7: Screwing the Hexagonal Nut onto the Probe
Notice that the hexagonal nut has two different thread

lengths inside. This is designed to accommodate different
levels of probe penetration.
27
4. With the provided wrench, turn the wrench clockwise to pull

the probe out of the concrete surface.
Figure 4.7: Pulling the Probe out of the Concrete Using a Wrench
28
Chapter 5: Electronic Measuring Unit
The measuring unit is a uniquely designed instrument to simplify the

collecting, interpreting, and storage of the data in the Windsor
Probe System. Its simple operator interface and menu is created to
give the user maximum benefit with the least amount of
interference. Functions are provided to allow the user to accurately
measure exposed probe length, correlate this reading with an
appropriate compressive strength value, and, finally, store these
values for later inclusion in a standardized report.
Control Panel Buttons

The following describes the function of the buttons on the Windsor
Probe.
Figure 5.1: Windsor Probe Electronic Measuring Unit
29
Key Definition
I
The Power button. Pressing the power button
should bring up the Title Screen on the
O display. Depressing it again should turn-off the unit.
The Esc key. Pressing this at any time returns user to
the Title Screen and cancels any action.
The Enter key. Use this key to enter data into the unit.
The Up Arrow. Used to scroll through the menus and

increase a displayed value.
The Down Arrow. Used to scroll through the menus

and decrease a displayed value.
Title Screen
When turned on, the title screen should display the following:
Figure 5.2: Windsor Probe Electronic Measuring Unit Instrument Display
30
Item# Definition
1 Displays the current date in a day/month/year format.
2 Displays the current time in a 24-hour format.
3 Displays the number of stored tests.
Enter Setup
This function sets the parameters used by the measuring unit,
allowing the user to view and modify the settings, set the clock, and
calibrate the measuring device. The Setup function is displayed
when you press the Down Arrow key once from the main screen.
Pressing Enter when Enter Setup is displayed takes the user to the
Setup menu. By using the arrow keys the user can display the other
options of this menu.
Figure 5.3: Entering the Setup Menu
31
Show Settings
Pressing Enter when Show Settings is displayed takes you to the
screen below.
n o
p q
Figure 5.4: Navigating the Settings Menu
Item# Definition
1 Power – Corresponds to the driver power that was used.
Low should be set for probes pushed two and one half
inches down the barrel. Standard should be set if the
probe was used in the standard manner. High Perf
should be set if this system is used on high performance
concrete.
2 Agg – This corresponds to aggregate size. The setting
for this will be either mortar-M, 1 in. –s, and 2 in. -1. This
should exceed the largest size aggregate in the mix
design.
3 Density – This corresponds to the density of the
concrete, either standard weight (Std Wght) or light
weight (Lgt Wght).
4 Hard – This corresponds to the Mohs’ number scale for
hardness of the aggregate in the mix design. NOTE: This
is not applicable to high performance and light weight
concrete mix designs. If you selected Lgt Wght, you do
not see a Mohs’ number but a measure of the concrete
density in lbs/cu. in. See “Set Settings” on p. 36.
32
Calibrate
Figure 5.5: Entering the Calibrate Menu
This selection is used only upon assembly and disassembly of the

unit. It is used to specify the one inch and two and one-half inch
points.
` To calibrate the unit:

1. Press the Enter button when “Calibrate” is displayed on the
screen.
2. Press Enter again to say YES to calibrate the unit.
33
Figure 5.6: Choose “Yes” to Calibrate
3. The unit displays Zero Press Enter.

4. With nothing in the measurement chamber, press Enter.
5. The unit should display Max Press Enter.
6. Push the plunger in 2½” and press Enter.
You return to the main screen.
The unit should now read correctly in the measure mode,
showing: 1.00 in and 0333 psi.
If you still experience problems, please contact Impact.
www.impact-test.co.uk
34
Set Clock
Pressing Enter when Set Clock is displayed will take you to a
screen where you can set the instrument clock.
Figure 5.7: Enter the Set Clock Menu
Use this item to set the time and date. Use the arrow keys to adjust
the value under each cursor and the Enter key to validate.
Figure 5.8: Select the Correct Date and Time
35
Set Settings
Figure 5.9: Enter the Set Settings menu
Pressing Enter with this displayed brings the user through the
procedure to modify the settings used in correlating exposed probe
length to compressive strength. Use the arrow keys to change
selections, and use the Enter key to validate selections.
Setting Formula
Set Power Use the arrow keys to select between low,
standard, and high performance. Press Enter to
select.
Set Density Use the arrow keys to select between standard
weight (Std Wght) and light weight (Lgt Wght)
concrete. Press Enter to choose. See the
screen on the next page for details.
Set Mohs This is the hardness of the aggregate and is
adjusted by the arrow keys. Press Enter to
accept the selection. Perform a scratch test to
determine the Mohs number, as on p. 12.
Set Aggr Size The aggregate size needs to be specified.
Adjust the range using the arrow keys and use
Enter to validate. The setting for this will be
either mortar -M, 1 in. –s, and 2 in. -1. This
should exceed the largest size aggregate in the
mix design.
36
n o
p q
Figure 5.10: Navigating the Settings Menu
1 Power – This corresponds to the power setting you

selected on the Set Power screen.
2 Agg – This corresponds to aggregate size. The setting
for this will be either mortar-M, 1 in. –s, and 2 in. -1. This
should exceed the largest size aggregate in the mix
design.
3 Density – This corresponds to the density of the
concrete you selected on the Set Density screen. The
settings for this are Standard Weight (Std Wght) or Light
Weight (Lgt Wght). The value should be readily available
from the ready mix supplier.
If you select Lgt Wght, you see the Set Weight screen.
Select a value. The choices are <115-l or 115/20m or
>120-h. This corresponds to the density of the concrete
in lbs/cu. in. and should be readily available from the
ready mix supplier.
4 Hard – If you select Standard Weight, you see the Mohs’

number you selected from the Set Mohs screen. This
corresponds to the Mohs’ number scale for hardness of
the aggregate in the mix design. This is not applicable to
high performance and light weight concrete mix designs.
If you selected Light Weight, as in the screen above, you
37
see the values you selected in the Set Weight screen

(described under 3, above).
Download Tests
This function downloads data out the RS-232 serial port on
backside of unit next to the measuring cap bushing. It will also
erase data saved in the unit.
Figure 5.11: Enter the Download Tests Menu
Pressing Enter when Download Test is displayed shows the

message Download Tests connect PC. Attaching the supplied serial
cable to the PC and running the supplied software will provide the
user with the data stored in the unit on the PC.
NOTE: A data download should be done after approximately every
15 saved average readings.
38
Figure 5.12: Connect the unit to a PC Using a Serial Cable
Show Tests
This function displays the data stored in the unit on the display.
Press Enter to cycle through the tests.
Figure 5.12: Enter the Show Tests Menu
39
Run Test
This function allows the user to quickly average three
measurements according to ASTM standards C-803. This will also
store all data involved in the test as well as the time and date of the
test. For storing single probe readings, simply store a single probe
as all three readings.
Figure 5.13: Enter the Run Test Menu
Press Enter during each reading to move into the next test. The
average of three tests will be taken.
After each test, you see a screen like that on the next page.
40
n o
p q
Figure 5.14: Navigate the Run Test Menu
Item# Definition
1 Displays the exposed probe length in inches.
2 Displays the compressive strength in psi.
3 Displays the test number. This number increments from 1
to 3 as you run the tests.
4 Displays the power of the driver. Corresponds to the
driver power that is used. Low (L) should be set for
probes pushed two and one half inches down the barrel.
Standard (S) should be set if the probe was used in the
standard manner. High Perf (h) should be set if this
system is used on high performance concrete.
After you have run the test three times, you see another screen like
the screen above. In place of the test number in screen position 3,
you see Ave to indicate that the final result is an average of the
three tests. The psi value in screen position will be an average
value of the three tests.
41
Measure
This function is used simply for a quick reading of exposed probe
length and compressive strength. Data cannot be stored from this
function.
Figure 5.15: Enter the Measure Menu
42
Chapter 6: Standard Power Table
Chapter 6: Standard Power Table
The compressive strength of the concrete is empirically related to

the penetration that varies with the hardness of the aggregate. This
relationship is recognized by determining the Mohs’ scale of
hardness of the aggregate and applying a correction factor to the
penetration.
The table represents the results of calibrating the system to the
velocity of the probe at the standard power position. Standard
power is used for testing concrete in existing structures cured
longer than 28 days.
Always change to low power if the probe system, used at standard
power, indicates less than 3,000 psi. The standard power table has
no fixed relationship to the low power table. Each table has been
calibrated independent to the respective probe velocity. A point of
convergence will occur in the range of 3,600 psi, and vary slightly,
depending on the design mix.
If the speed (velocity) of a crushing press was changed for breaking
standard cylinders, a separate calibration formula for computing psi
would also be required.
Always confirm the Mohs’ Number of coarse aggregate with a
Mineral Scratch Test or calibrate the System to standard cylinders.
For standard weight concrete (>125 lbs./cu ft), use Silver color
PRS-01 probes (1/4 inch diameter) and read results in appropriate
Mohs’ column from the standard table. For lightweight concrete
(<125 lbs./cu ft.) use Gold color PRS-03 probes (5/16 inch
diameter) and read results in No. 3, column from the standard table
or apply the appropriate correction factor shown in the L.W. Table
below
Lbs/cu/ft Correction Factor

130 to 121 100% of Mohs’ 3 Column
114 to less 66% of Mohs’ 3 Column
43
Chapter 6:
6 Standard Power Table
T
For mortar (no coarse agg gregate concrete), use appropriatee probe
for concrrete weight and re
ead results in the Mohs’ No. 3 colu
umn.
This tab
ble is used only for
f the Standardd Power system,
operated
d in accordance with
w the instruction
n manual.
Exposed PSI Mpa PS
SI Mpa PSI Mpa PSI Mp
pa PSI Mpa
Probe Mohs' Mohs' Mohhs' Mohs' Mohs' Mohs' Mohs' Mohs' Mohs' Mohs'
(inches) N0. 3 N0. 3 N0. 4 N0. 4 N0. 5 N0. 5 N0. 6 N0. 6 N0. 7 N0. 7
1.275
1.300
1.325
1.350
1.375
1.400 3000 20.6
1.425 3175 21.9
1.450 3325 22.9
1.475 3500 24.1
1.500 3675 25.3 300
00 20.6
1.525 3825 26.3 75
317 21.9
1.550 4000 27.5 50
335 23.1
1.575 4175 28.8 25
352 24.3
1.600 4325 29.8 00
370 25.5 3050 21.0
1.625 4500 31.0 75
387 26.7 3225 22.2
1.650 4675 32.2 50
405 27.9 3400 23.4
1.675 4825 33.2 25
422 29.1 3600 24.8
1.700 5000 34.4 00
440 30.3 3775 26.0 3000 20
0.6
1.725 5175 35.7 75
457 31.5 3950 27.2 3200 22
2.0
1.750 5325 36.7 50
475 32.7 4150 28.6 3400 23
3.4
1.775 5500 37.9 25
492 33.9 4325 29.8 3600 24
4.8
1.800 5675 39.1 00
510 35.1 4500 31.0 3800 26
6.2 3000 20.8
1.825 5825 40.1 75
527 36.3 4700 32.4 4000 27
7.5 3225 22.2
1.850 6000 41.3 50
545 37.5 4875 33.6 4200 23
3.9 3425 23.6
1.875 6175 42.6 25
562 38.8 5050 34.8 4400 30
0.3 3650 25.1
44
Chap
pter 6: Standard Po
ower Table
Exposed PSI Mpa PS

pa PSI Mpa
1.900 6325 43.6 00

580 40.0 5250 36.2 4600 31.7 3875 26.7
1.925 6500 44.8 597
75 41.2 5425 37.4 4800 3.1
33 4100 28.2
1.950 6675 46.0 615
50 42.4 5600 38.6 5000 34
4.4 4300 29.6
1.975 6825 47.0 632
25 43.6 5800 40.0 5200 35
5.8 4525 31.2
2.000 7000 48.2 650
00 44.8 5975 41.2 5400 37
7.2 4750 32.7
2.025 7175 49.5 667
75 46.0 6150 42.4 5600 38
8.6 4975 34.3
2.050 7325 50.5 685
50 47.2 6350 43.8 5800 40
0.0 5175 35.7
2.075 7500 51.7 702
25 43.4 6525 45.0 6000 41.3 5400 37.2
2.100 7675 52.9 720
00 49.6 6700 46.2 6200 42
2.7 5625 38.8
2.125 7825 53.9 737
75 50.8 6900 47.6 6400 44
4.1 5850 40.3
2.150 8000 55.1 755
50 52.0 7075 48.8 6600 45
5.5 6050 41.7
2.175 8175 56.3 772
25 53.2 7250 50.0 6800 46
6.9 6275 43.2
2.200 8325 57.4 790
00 54.5 7450 51.3 7000 48
8.2 6500 44.8
2.225 8500 58.6 807
75 55.7 7625 52.6 7200 49
9.6 6725 46.37
2.250 8675 59.8 825
50 56.9 7800 53.8 7400 51.0 6925 47.7
2.275 8825 60.8 842
25 58.1 7975 55.0 7600 52
2.4 7150 49.3
2.300 9000 62.0 860
00 59.3 8175 56.3 7800 53
3.8 7375 50.8
2.325 9175 63.2 877
75 60.5 8350 57.6 8000 55
5.1 7600 52.4
2.350 9325 64.3 895
50 61.7 8525 58.8 8200 56
6.5 7800 53.8
2.375 9500 65.5 912
25 62.9 8725 60.1 8400 57
7.9 8025 55.3
2.400 9675 66.7 930
00 64.1 8900 61.4 8600 59
9.3 8250 56.9
2.425 9825 67.7 947
75 65.3 9075 62.6 8800 60
0.7 8475 58.4
2.450 10000 68.9 965
50 66.5 9275 63.9 9000 62
2.0 8675 59.8
2.475 982
25 67.7 9450 65.1 9200 63
3.4 8900 61.4
2.500 100
000 68.9 9625 66.4 9400 64
4.8 9125 62.9
2.525 9825 67.7 9600 66
6.2 9350 64.5
2.550 10000 68.9 9800 67
7.6 9550 65.8
2.575 10000 68
8.9 9775 67.4
2.600 10000 68.9
45
Chapter 7: Low Power Table
Chapter 7: Low Power Table
The compressive strength of the concrete is empirically related to

the penetration that varies with the hardness of the aggregate. This
relationship is recognized by determining the Mohs’ scale of
hardness of the aggregate and applying a correction factor to the
penetration.
This table has no fixed relationship to the Standard Table. Each
table has been calibrated independently to respective probe
velocity. Always confirm the Mohs’ number of the course aggregate
with a Mineral Scratch Test or calibrate the system to standard
cylinders. For standard weight concrete probes (>125 lbs/cu ft) use
Silver color PRS-01 probes (1/4/ inch diameter) and read results in
appropriate Mohs’ column from the Low Power table.
For lightweight concrete (120 to 130 lbs/cu ft), use Gold color PRS-
03 probes (5/16 inch diameter) and read results in Mohs’ Number 3
column from Table Number 2 or apply the appropriate correction
factor shown in the L.W. Table below:
Lbs/cu/ft Correction Factor

114 to less 66% of Mohs’ 3 Column

For mortar (no coarse aggregate concrete), use appropriate probe
for concrete weight and read results in Mohs’ Number 3 column
from the Table. The Windsor Probe Test System apparatus
complies with ASTM C803. The Precision of Probes is set forth in
the Statement prepared by ASTM in accordance with C670.
The table on the following page is used only for the Low Power
range of the Windsor Probe System, i.e. the probe is positioned 2
½ inches downstream in the driver barrel. The table represents the
results of calibration for the system to the low velocity of the probe
in the low power position.
46
Chapter 7: Low Po
ower Table
Exposed PSI Mpa PS

pa PSI Mpa
1.125 525 3.62

1.150 625 4.31
1.175 725 5.00 50
45 3.10
1.200 800 5.51 52
25 3.62
1.225 900 6.20 60
00 4.13
1.250 1000 6.89 67
75 4.65
1.275 1075 7.41 75
50 5.17
1.300 1175 8.10 82
25 5.69 450 3.10
1.325 1250 8.62 90
00 6.20 525 3.62
1.350 1325 9.14 97
75 6.72 600 4.13
1.375 1400 9.65 107
75 7.41 700 4.82
1.400 1500 10.3 115
50 7.93 775 5.34
1.425 1575 10.8 122
25 8.45 875 6.03 400 2.7
75
1.450 1650 11.3 130
00 8.96 975 6.72 500 3.4
44
1.475 1725 11.9 140
00 9.65 1050 7.24 600 4.1
13
1.500 1850 12.7 150
00 10.3 1150 7.93 700 4.8
82
1.525 1925 13.2 157
75 10.8 1250 8.62 800 5.5
51
1.550 2000 13.7 167
75 11.5 1325 9.14 900 6.2
20 450 3.10
1.575 2075 14.3 175
50 12.0 1425 9.83 1000 6.8
89 550 3.79
1.600 2150 14.8 185
50 12.7 1525 10.5 1100 7.5
58 650 4.48
1.625 2250 15.5 195
50 13.4 1600 11.0 1200 8.2
27 750 5.17
1.650 2325 16.0 202
25 13.9 1700 11.7 1300 8.9
96 875 6.03
1.675 2400 16.5 210
00 14.4 1800 12.4 1400 9.6
65 975 6.72
1.700 2500 17.2 220
00 15.1 1875 12.9 1500 10
0.3 1075 7.41
1.725 2575 17.7 227
75 15.6 1975 13.6 1600 11.0 1175 8.10
1.750 2650 18.2 237
75 16 2075 14.3 1700 11.7 1275 8.79
1.775 2750 18.9 245
50 16.9 2150 14.8 1800 12
2.4 1400 9.65
1.800 2825 19.4 255
50 17.5 2250 15.5 1900 13
3.1 1500 10.3
1.825 2900 20.0 265
50 18.2 2350 16.2 2000 13
3.7 1600 11.0
47
Chapter 7:
7 Low Power Table
e
Exposed PSI Mpa SI

PS Mpa PSI Mpa PSI pa PSI
Mp Mpa
1.850 3000 20.6 25

272 18.7 2425 16.7 2100 4.4
14 1725 11.9
1.875 3075 21.2 280
00 19.3 2525 17.4 2200 5.1
15 1825 12.5
1.900 3150 21.7 290
00 20.0 2625 18.1 2300 5.8
15 1925 13.2
1.925 3250 22.4 297
75 20.5 2700 18.6 2400 6.5
16 2050 14.1
1.950 3325 22.9 307
75 21.2 2800 19.3 2500 7.2
17 2150 14.8
1.975 3400 23.4 315
50 21.7 2900 20.0 2600 7.9
17 2250 15.5
2.000 3475 23.9 325
50 22.4 2975 20.5 2700 8.6
18 2375 16.3
2.025 3550 24.4 335
50 23.1 3075 21.2 2800 9.3
19 2475 17.0
2.050 3650 25.1 342
25 23.6 3175 21.9 2900 0.0
20 2575 17.7
2.075 3750 25.8 350
00 24.1 3250 22.4 3000 0.6
20 2700 18.6
2.100 3850 26.5 360
00 24.8 3350 23.1 3100 21.3 2800 19.3
2.125 3925 27.0 367
75 25.3 3450 23.8 3200 2.0
22 2900 20.0
2.150 4000 27.5 377
75 26.0 3525 24.3 3300 2.7
22 3025 20.8
2.175 4075 28.1 385
50 26.5 3625 25.0 3400 3.4
23 3125 21.5
2.200 4150 28.6 395
50 27.2 3725 25.6 3500 4.1
24 3250 22.4
2.225 4250 29.3 405
50 27.9 3800 26.2 3600 4.8
24 3350 23.1
2.250 4350 30.0 412
25 28.4 3900 26.9 3700 5.5
25 3475 23.9
2.275 4425 30.5 420
00 28.9 4000 27.5 3800 6.2
26 3575 24.6
2.300 4500 31.0 430
00 29.6 4075 28.1 3900 6.9
26 3675 25.3
2.325 4575 31.5 437
75 30.1 4175 28.8 4000 7.5
27 3800 26.2
2.350 4650 32.0 447
75 30.8 4275 29.4 4100 8.2
28 3900 26.9
2.375 4750 32.7 455
50 31.3 4350 30.0 4200 8.9
28 4000 27.5
2.400 4825 33.2 465
50 32.0 4450 30.7 4300 9.6
29 4125 28.4
2.425 4900 33.8 475
50 32.7 4550 31.3 4400 0.3
30 4225 29.1
2.450 5000 34.4 482
25 33.2 4675 32.2 4500 31.0 4350 30.0
2.475 490
00 33.8 4750 32.7 4600 31.7 4450 30.7
2.500 500
00 34.4 4825 33.2 4700 2.4
32 4575 31.5
48
Chapter 8: Software Installation
The PC software that has been developed for the Windsor Probe is
for data upload only. To install the software on your PC follow these
instructions.
` To install the software:

1. Insert the Windsor Probe Software CD into the CD-ROM
drive.
2. If the CD does not load the setup automatically, go to My
Computer, double click on the CD under devices and
double click on setup.exe.
Figure 8.1: Installation File Location
3. The Windsor Probe Setup dialog appears. Click OK to

proceed.
Figure 8.2: Windsor Probe Setup
49
4. Select the directory in which you want to install the software

and click the installation button.
Figure 8.3: Select Directory Screen
5. Chose an existing program group, or enter a new group

name and click Continue.
Figure 8.4: Windsor Probe Program Group
50
6. The installation continues. Once it is finished a dialog will

appear confirming the completion, click OK.
Figure 8.5: Installation Complete Screen
7. The Windsor Probe shortcut appears in the Start Menu

under the selected program group.
Figure 8.6: Windsor Probe Shortcut
51
Chapter 9: Where to Position Probes
Rectangular Suspended Slabs. First typical floor, place three

probes in center of slab topside to establish a norm, plus a single
probe at each corner. The center three may be eliminated on
subsequent floors. Recommendation is one set of probes (3) for
each 5,000 sq. ft. of stripping area.
Architectural Shaped Walls. Place at least one probe test in each
structural element or each 3,000 sq. ft.
Column or Walls. If a three probe test is used, place one at least
shoulder height, one higher and one lower with a minimum spacing
of 7 inches.
Probing Through Forms (columns or walls). When necessary,
probes may be driven through wood forms or steel (up to 1/16 inch
thick) with no allowance for strength loss. Add the form thickness to
the measured height of probe. In this case, do not use the single
probe measuring base plate or probe cap.
Hardened Surfaces. Probe normally. Surface treatments that are
less than 3/16 inches thickness do not effect probing. Results will
indicate the strength of the base concrete, not the surface plate.
When thicker coatings exist, probe the underside of the slab if
accessible.
Lightweight Concrete. Be sure to use gold color probes and read
results from Mohs' Column 3, Table I, if Standard Power is used:
Table II, if Low Power is used.
Footers or Pier Caps. Probe topside (bearing surface). Be sure
the surface is at least broom finish or grind.
Post-tensioning Cables. Use single probes in center of element
and one at each corner to ensure same or equal batching or
placement. If doubt exists, probe within two feet of the bulk head.
Architectural or Tilt-up Slabs. When cast horizontally, probe at
two corners and center diagonally. Top side is the compression size
when "picking" vertically.
Prestressed Beams. Place single probes topside over web at each
end or fifty foot intervals to ensure that bond to cables has been
achieved prior to detensioning.
52
Fire Damaged Concrete. Set at least three sets of three probes in

an unaffected area and use the combined average as a norm. Then
place in sets of three, a grid pattern of 1,000 square foot areas. If
results in affected areas exceed .160 inches in probe height
average (3), the concrete has been affected, either by increase or
decrease in strength.
53
Chapter 10: Troubleshooting
Chapter 10: Troubleshooting
Unit Will Not Power On

Occasionally, the Electronic Measuring unit will not power
on when you press the Power switch. In most cases, this is
because the batteries are dead, either from use or because the unit
had been left on. Change the batteries as follows:
` To Change the Batteries:

1. Grasp the unit and locate the battery holder cap, on the
end.
Figure 10.1: Locating the Battery Holder Cap
2. Loosen the knob by turning counterclockwise and pull out

the battery holder.
Figure 10.2: Pulling Out the Battery Holder
3. Replace the batteries with two new AAs.
54
Chapter 11: Maintenance
Chapter 11: Maintenance
Although built for rugged use, the unit does require some care
and precautions. Avoid excessive exposure to water. Although the
unit is splash-proof, full immersion in water should be avoided.
Beware of dirt and grime, both on the front panel and in them probe
measuring cap bushing. Excessive dust and grime can cause
damage to the face plate and care should be taken that dirt and
dust inside the measuring cap bushing does not damage any
mechanical components. Cleaning can be accomplished with a
damp rag.
The Windsor Power Driver is a precision instrument and requires
reasonable maintenance to ensure long trouble-free service and to
give the best results. The following procedure should be followed:
` To clean the Windsor Probe:

1. Make sure that the driver is not loaded.
2. Open the driver and clean the bore and as much of the
outside of the barrel as is accessible with an approved
solvent such as WD-40.
3. Pay particular attention to cleaning the bore, especially the
breech plug and chamber. Be sure the breech plug is oiled
before the driver is set aside.
4. Clean the mating threads of the barrel and breech lock.
The WPS-500 is factory assembled to include two sealed units, the
handle assembly and the barrel assembly. They should never be
disassembled in the field.
For cleaning, simply immerse in a pail of any cleaning solvent and
then let air-dry. Wipe exterior parts with WD-40 or other similar light
oil products.
In addition to the above steps, it is recommended that the Windsor
Probe System be serviced and calibrated by the manufacturer once
a year, or shortly thereafter.
55
Chapter 12: Sample Test Form
The following two pages contain a sample form for recording

test results. Copy these pages to have forms available for
recording results.
56
57
58

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The Windsor Probe™ System is designed to evaluate the

Chapter 2: Instrument Contents List

Each Windsor Probe System comes with the

Figure 2.1: Windsor Probe System Contents

12 RS-232 serial cord – Serial cord used to connect the

Mohs’ Test Kit

` To perform a Mohs’ test:

Chapter 3: Power Driver Overview

The following is an overview of all of the external features of the

Figure 3.1: Windsor Probe System Overview

Loading the Driver

` To open and load the driver

Figure 3.2: Unlocking the Barrel

Figure 3.3: Removing the Barrel

3. Remove the breech plug and set it aside.

Figure 3.4: Removing the Breech Plug

Figure 3.5: Preparing the Test Probe

NOTE: Do not remove the rubber flange on the probe. This

Figure 3.6: Loading the Probe into the Barrel

Figure 3.7: Reinserting the Breech Plug

7. Determine which power level is required for the test—

Figure 3.8: Closing and Locking the Barrel

At this point do not touch the trigger. The driver is

Selecting Power Level

Figure 3.9: Selecting the Power Level

Figure 3.10: Preparing to Fire the Probe

Figure 3.11: Preparing to Fire the Probe on Vertical Surfaces

Figure 3.12: Firing the Probe on Curved Surfaces

Chapter 4: Electronic Measuring Unit Overview

The following is an overview of all of the external features of the

Figure 4.1: Windsor Probe System Overview

` To determine penetration depth:

4. Place a single probe measuring plate over the probe and

5. Thread a measuring cap on top of the probe.

Figure 4.3: Threading the Measure Cap

Figure 4.4: Pushing the unit on the End the Cap

` To remove the probe:

Figure 4.5: Removing the Measuring Cap

Figure 4.6: Placing the Withdrawal Barrel over the Probe

3. Screw the hexagonal nut on to the probe.

Figure 4.7: Screwing the Hexagonal Nut onto the Probe

Notice that the hexagonal nut has two different thread

4. With the provided wrench, turn the wrench clockwise to pull

Chapter 5: Electronic Measuring Unit

The measuring unit is a uniquely designed instrument to simplify the

Control Panel Buttons

Figure 5.1: Windsor Probe Electronic Measuring Unit

The Up Arrow. Used to scroll through the menus and

The Down Arrow. Used to scroll through the menus

Figure 5.2: Windsor Probe Electronic Measuring Unit Instrument Display

Figure 5.3: Entering the Setup Menu

Figure 5.4: Navigating the Settings Menu

Figure 5.5: Entering the Calibrate Menu

This selection is used only upon assembly and disassembly of the

` To calibrate the unit:

Figure 5.6: Choose “Yes” to Calibrate

3. The unit displays Zero Press Enter.

Figure 5.7: Enter the Set Clock Menu

Figure 5.8: Select the Correct Date and Time

Figure 5.9: Enter the Set Settings menu