Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • Regional Analysis of The Annual Maximum Daily Rainfall in The Province of Malaga (Southern Spain) Using The Principal Component Analysis - Enhanced Reader

    Uploaded by

    jeff youtube
    1 views11 pages

    Original Title

    Regional analysis of the annual maximum daily rainfall in the province of Malaga (southern Spain) using the principal component analysis _ Enhanced Reader

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Available Formats

    PDF or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    Report this Document

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    1 views11 pages

    Regional Analysis of The Annual Maximum Daily Rainfall in The Province of Malaga (Southern Spain) Using The Principal Component Analysis - Enhanced Reader

    Uploaded by

    jeff youtube

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    of 11
    Water and Environment Journal ua Ree ‘ater ard Envronmentournal. Print SSN 1747-6585, Regional analysis of the annual maximum daily rainfall in the province of Malaga (southern Spain) using the principal component analysis A. P. GarciarMarin, J. L. Ayuso-Musioz, E. V. Taguas-Ruiz & J. Estevez Deparment of Rural Engineering, Univesity of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain Abstract The flood and drought cycles suffered of old by the province of Malaga, the variability in the distribution of rainfall throughout the province and the reduced length of st to carry out a regional analysis (RA) of the yearly maximum daily precipitation data 10 obtain appropriate raintall quantiles. By taking these maximum precipitations values vets latitude and Keywords homogeneous region probaly dstibuton function rifl;regional frequency analysis e data series make it of int Correspondence AP. Garcia arn, Department of Rural Egneering, Univesity of Cordoba, POBox 3048, 14090 Cordoba, Spain mai: amanda garciagucoes {rom 72 weather stations, and their physiographic paran altitude, four regions with similar rainfall patter the principal component analysis statistical technique. Then, carrying out an RA of the yearly maximum daily precipitations for each of the regions discriminated, it was observed that three of them were homogeneous for the parameter being studied. In those homogencous regions that grouped data of different stations but close rainfall pattern, frequency curves could be calcu: lated for several return periods by means of the functions that best fit the data of each region, With these regional curves, it has been possible o obtain more accurate values of the maximum daily quantiles for each of the stations analysed than through the conventional local frequency analysis, ws have been determined by ie0.11119.17476893.201100251-x Introduction Eastern Andalusia corresponds in many features to the Precipitation is one of the most dificult meteorological Penibetica mountain region and comprises the provinces variables co insert in mathematical or statistical models, of Malaga, Granada, Almeria and Jaen, occupying on mainly due wo its discontinuity and great dispersion. The extension of 42079km*. The province of Malaga has a long droughts and heavy floods are a proof of this. Mediterranean-type climate. The annual average weather However itis necessary to have rellable predictive models of this variable in order to forecast floods, to regulate the flows in rivers or reservoirs and 10 programme the increasingly demanded control and use of water. ‘Andalusia is a semiatid region in southern Spain with, very hot and dry summers. This region presents a great physiographic diversity throughout its 87 268km”, Which, in turn, is reflected in the great variety of climate and plant traits ‘Two highly differentiated subregions can be distin {guished in Andalusia, the Betica and the Penibetica, The latter is constituted by two lines of mountains, one of them closer to the Mediterranean coast and the other ‘more inland, where the most elevated heights in Spain are reached. From a hydrographic point of view, the various watersheds of the region are located between the Atlantic and Mediterranean oceans. data of several meteorological stations in this province ave reported in a recent work cartied out in Andalusia (Estéveze al. 2009). Average annual precipitation ranged from 429 to 816mm: average annual air temperature Irom 15.3 to 18.2°C; relative humidity from 60.2 10 (65%; and annual average wind speed [rom 0.9 to 2.5 mi 5. In Malaga, flood and drought cycles, partly caused by the imegularity of the Mediterranean climate, have been produced for years. The environment in this province has een imensively exploited, accentuating the risk of floods. The occupation of the river beds and flood plains by buildings makes the intense, irregular rainfall occupy them rapidly causing major material and even human losses. In order to be able to correct to a certain extent the problems stemming from floods and to interpret the rain fal p area, it would be necessary to make a crs in thi 522 ate and nnn our 2 201 52253 © 2011 The hos Wat and Enarment or © 2011 CEM, AR Garcla Wari eo study of rain in the province of Malaga. On many occa- sions, in order to solve certain engineering problems, the ‘maximum intensities of rain for a specific return period are resorted 10, In order to estimate with any reliability the amount of rain, some series of maximum rain events have to be available. The records of observation series at ‘most Spanish weather stations are too short to be able to ‘extrapolate them with any confidence. Intuitively, itis ‘obvious that a region that is homogeneous from a clima- tological, geological and/or geomorphological perspective ‘can permit the transfer of information between different watersheds in that region, However, it is advisable to cstablish mathematical criteria on which to base the homogeneity of a region in order to Gx its limits with rogard to the study and analysis of the data from the weather stations to be considered (Garcia 2000) The inconvenience of not using oF possessing very extensive data can be obviated by using relatively recent techniques, such as that of the regional analysis (RA) of Frequencies (Hosking & Wallis 1997). This approach per- mits an alleviation of the problem of lack of data in the time with the abundance of data in the space, this ‘currently being the generalized trend in the frequency analysis of exireme events (Alvarez etal 1999), Different works back up regionalization as being the technique that Improves the estimations of the quantiles when working with rain or Hows (Saenz de Ormijana etl. 1991; Hosking {& Wallis 1997; Parida eal. 1998; Yun & Chen 1998; Ferrer {& Matcos 1999; Chiang ef al, 2002a,b). Within regionali- zation, the determination of homogeneous regions is the ‘most complex step and the continuity of the analysis ‘depends on its result, Thus, the objective of this work is the setting up of RA of the daily maximum rainfall in the province of Malaga using the principal component analy- sis technique (PCA) in order to differentiate homoge- neous regions from a maximum precipitation point of Methods ‘The fundamental objective of the regional frequency analysis isthe estimation of extreme events correspond- ing to different retuen periods by using probability dis- tribution functions Regionalization is normally used in hydrology to facil ltate extrapolation from places in which records exist to places where they are required but are available in small amounts or not at all. Dividing up the study area into homogencous subregions with a similar hydrological ehaviout, the records can be extrapolated with more precision and the equations deduced by taking the chai acteristics of the watershed can he used with a greater Regional aly ofthe anual maxinum daly rainfall confidence at the moment of predicting certain hydro- logical variables (Nathan & MeMahon 1990). “The regional frequency analysis enables the calculation of data for a certain site of interest using data from different places other than those ofthe site in question. IL there are N sites orstations, each one of them with st years ‘of maximum event records, it can be assumed that Nx 1 data of the region will give more precise estimates of quantiles as extreme as Qy, Following the methodology proposed by Hosking & ‘Wallis (1997), the RA consists of the following steps. Analysis of the data available The measurement of the discordance D, permits the iderniti 1s in comparison with the rest of those composing the study region, for which the linear moments of variation (LC), skewness (LCs) and kurtosis (LCR) of the series of data available in each place considered were caleulated. 1 is considered that the vector of linear moments of a station i constitutes a point in a tridimensional space. A group of stations produces a loud of points in this space so that any point located far {rom the centre of gravity of the whole point set should be considered as being discordant, Numerically, the measure of discordance is given by: on of unusial sta v=bve—wFetnn a) where A=S(u—m(u—), w=N'S Mand = [teu 2e] wit 9 tne nueer of statins Identification of homogeneous regions ‘To assess when a region proposed can be considered to be homogeneous, a homogeneity test should be carried out to compare the variability of the sample linear moments of the stations considered with that expected after using simulation techniques. This uses the weighted variance of the linear coelfiient of variation of each of the stations in accordance with the statistic this being # = © ma)/ $+, where Vis the number of stations, nj that of the records and # the sample linear ‘moments A region can be considered to be homogeneous i <1 possibly heterogeneous if 1

    You might also like