Scapulohumeral

(Intrinsic) Shoulder Muscles Muscle Name Deltoid

Origin Lateral third of the clavical, superios surface of acromion, spine of scapula

Insertion Deltoid tuberosity of humerus

Innervation Axillary nerve (C5, C6)

Action Clavicular: flexes and medially rotates arm Acromial: abduction of arm Spinal: extends and laterally rotates arm Adducts and medially rotates arm at the shoulder

Teres Major

Dorsal surface of inferior angle of scapula

Medail lip of the intertubercular groove of the humerus

Lower subscapular nerve (C6, C7)


Rotator cuff muscles (SITS) Hold humeral head against glenoid cavity during arm movements Action Abduction at the shoulder and lateral rotator of humerus Lateral rotator of humerus Lateral rotator of humerus Medially rotates and adducts the humerus at the shoulder

Muscle Name Supraspinatus

Origin Supraspinous fossa of scapula Infraspinous fossa of scapula Lateral border of scapula Subscapular fossa of scapula

Insertion Superior facet of greater tubercle of humerus Middle facet of greater tubercle of humerus Inferior facet of greater tubercle of humerus Lesser tubercle of humerus

Innervation Suprascapular nerve (C4-C6) Suprascapular nerve (C5-C6) Axillary nerve (C5, C6) Upper and lower subscapular nerves (C5, C6, C7)

Infraspinatus Teres minor

Subscapularis


Axio-appendicular (Extrinsic) Shoulder Muscles Anterior Muscle Name Pectoralis major

Origin Medial half of clavicle, sternum, superior 6 costal cartilages, and eponeurosis of the external abdominal oblique muscle 3rd to 5th ribs

Insertion Intertubercular sulcus of humerus

Innervation Medial and lateral pectoral nerves (C5- C8, T1)

Action Adducts and medially rotates the humerus

Pectoralis minor

Coracoid process of scapula Inferior surface of clavicle Anterior surface of medial border of scapula

Medial pectoral nerve (C8, T1) Nerve to subclavius (C5, C6) Long thoracic nerve (C5-C7)

Draws scapula inferiorly and anteriorly Anchors and depresses clavicle Protracts/rotates scapula

Subclavius Serratus anterior

1st rib 1st to 8th/9th ribs