Ivan Franko

as a
translator
Inna Ferents, INP-13
 THE RANGE OF HIS TRANSLATIONS IS
EXTREMELY WIDE: THERE ARE WORKS OF
ANCIENT BABYLONIAN POETRY, ANCIENT
INDIAN, ANCIENT ARAB, ANCIENT GREEK
LITERATURE; ALSO TRANSLATIONS FROM
GERMAN ("FAUST" BY J. W. GOETHE, 1882),
FRENCH, ENGLISH, POLISH, ITALIAN
LITERATURE. IVAN FRANKO NOT ONLY
WROTE WORKS BEAUTIFULLY BUT ALSO
TRANSLATED THEM. AMONG HIS
TRANSLATIONS A LARGE PLACE BELONGS
TO TRANSLATIONS FROM ANCIENT
LITERATURES. HE BELIEVED THAT
ANCIENT POETRY WAS A TREASURE
TROVE OF WORLD CULTURE, AND TRIED
TO ENRICH UKRAINIAN CULTURE WITH IT

I. FRANKO IS CONSIDERED TO BE THE FOUNDER

OF UKRAINIAN SHAKESPEARE STUDIES,
LAUNCHED BY А BAN ON THE UKRAINIAN
LANGUAGE, PRIMARILY TRANSLATED, SCENIC IN
RUSSIAN UKRAINE. HIS WORKS WERE
PIONEERING ONES IN THE THEORETICAL
RESEARCH OF SHAKESPEARE’S WORKS.
 HE CLAIMED THAT "TRANSLATIONS OF FOREIGN-
LANGUAGE WORKS, WHETHER LITERARY OR SCIENTIFIC,
ARE AN IMPORTANT CULTURAL FACTOR FOR EVERY
NATION," BUT "THE TRANSFER OF FOREIGN-LANGUAGE
POETRY, THE POETRY OF DIFFERENT AGES AND PEOPLES
INTO THE NATIVE LANGUAGE, ENRICHES THE SOUL OF AN
ENTIRE NATION, ASSIGNING TO IT SUCH FORMS AND
EXPRESSIONS A FEELING THAT SHE HAD NOT HAD UNTIL
NOW, BUILDING A GOLD BRIDGE OF UNDERSTANDING AND
EMPATHYBETWEEN US AND DISTANT PEOPLE, OLD
GENERATIONS.
We write to taste life.
I. FRANKO FOR THE FIRST TIME
IN THE UKRAINIAN TRANSLATION
STUDIES OF THAT TIME DREW
THE LINE BETWEEN
TRANSLATION AND REHASH,
SHOWED THAT THE PERFECTION
OF TRANSLATION IS ACHIEVED
NOT BY ACCURATE TRANSLATION
OF WORDS, BUT BY SELECTION
OF APPROPRIATE MEANS OF
EXPRESSION, REPRODUCTION OF
IDEAS, SPIRIT OF THE ORIGINAL.
Creative Writing 101 Presentation
ALL TRANSLATION ACTIVITIES OF IVAN
FRANKO ARE DIVIDED INTO THREE AREAS:
1) LITERARY TRANSLATION, 2) SCIENTIFIC
TRANSLATION, 3) TRANSLATION OF THE
HOLY SCRIPTURES. THERE WERE
APPROPRIATE APPROACHES TO EACH
INDUSTRY, BUT ALL OF THEM WERE
UNITED BY ONE THING - THE METHOD OF
ADAPTATION. I. FRANKO AS A TRANSLATOR
WHO HAS MADE A HUGE CONTRIBUTION TO
THE DEVELOPMENT OF TRANSLATION
THOUGHT IN UKRAINE, IN PARTICULAR,
WORKING IN INCREDIBLY DIFFICULT
CONDITIONS
ANALYSIS OF SONNET 66 BY
WILLIAM SHAKESPEARE AND
TRANSLATION BY IVAN FRANKO:
 1 Tir'd with all these, for restful death I cry, Не раз я кличу смерть, бо нудно бачить в світі
2 As, to behold desert a beggar born, Як ходить працівник в жебрацькому лахмітті,
3 And needy nothing trimm'd in jollity, А капосне ніщо блищить у пишнім строю,
4 And purest faith unhappily forsworn, А вірність щирая знай б’ється з клеветою.
5 And gilded honour shamefully misplac'd, Як славу має й честь огида і облуда,
6 And maiden virtue rudely strumpeted, А чистоту он там сквернить насилля дике,
7 And right perfection wrongfully disgrac'd, Як чесноту ганьбить ось стовпище велике,
8 And strength by limping sway disabled, А власть над всіма зла, як на очах полуда.
9 And art made tongue-tied by authority, Перед надсилою художество німіє,
10 And folly, doctor-like, controlling skill, А дурень мудрому відмірює права,
11 And simple truth miscall'd simplicity, І правда спугана, безпомічна дуріє,
12 And captive good attending captain ill. А добрий в найми йде, а ледар ужива —
13 Tir'd with all these, from these would I be gone,Умер би! Ні, держусь тривогою одною:
14 Save that, to die, I leave my love alone. Як я умру, й любов моя умре зі мною.
15

FRANCO AVOIDED REPEATING THE

CONJUNCTION "AND" INSTEAD USED "А", "ЯК"
AS A STRENGTHENING OF THE ANTITHESIS. IN
SHAKESPEARE, THE FIRST AND THIRTEENTH
LINES BEGIN IN THE SAME WAY - 'TIR'D WITH
ALL THESE' ; IN TRANSLATION, THESE LINES
READ: 'НЕ РАЗ Я КЛИЧУ СМЕРТЬ... УМЕР БИ!'

.
THE SECOND LINE
AS YOU CAN SEE, THE ORIGINAL IS
ABOUT THE "DESERT" , WHICH
ACCORDING TO THE CONTEXT,
ASSOCIATED WITH A POOR MAN "A
BEGGAR BORN". IN MY OPINION,
FRANCO KEPT
THE CONTENT LAID DOWN IN
SHAKESPEARE'S ORIGINAL. HE
PEREPHRASED IT A LITTLE BIT IN THIS
WAY:`– ЯК ХОДИТЬ ПРАЦІВНИК В
ЖЕБРАЦЬКОМУ ЛАХМІТТІ`
 THE THIRD LINE
Shakespeare means: "needy nothing" - "zero,
nothing, empty space", that "trimm'd in jollity" -
lives in favorable conditions
and fun. This line was successfully reproduced
by Franko `А капосне ніщо блищить у пишнім
строю`. He used epithet `капосне` and very
interesting phrase `пишнім строю`
THE FOURTH ANG THE FIFTH LINES

THE FOLLOWING LINES ARE SYMMETRICAL IN CONSTRUCTION. LINE FOUR:

- AND PUREST FAITH UNHAPPILY FORSWORN,
AND GILDED HONOR SHAMEFULLY MISPLACED.
SHAKESPEARE WRITES THAT "PUREST FAITH" - IMPECCABLE FIDELITY, HONESTY
"UNHAPPILY FORSWORN" - OPPRESSED, BROKEN, TRAMPLED,
PLUNDERED.
HOW IVAN FRANKO SUBTLY RECREATED THIS SHAKESPEAREAN REFINED PHRASE
`А ВІРНІСТЬ ЩИРАЯ ЗНАЙ Б’ЄТЬСЯ З КЛЕВЕТОЮ.
ЯК СЛАВУ МАЄ Й ЧЕСТЬ ОГИДА І ОБЛУДА,`
 THE SIXTH LINE
LET'S ANALYZE THE TRANSLATION OF "MAIDEN
VIRTUE" AND "STRUMPETED"
ACCORDING TO THE DICTIONARY MEANING: THE NOUN
"VIRTUE" (ЦНОТЛИВІСТЬ, НЕВИННІСТЬ) IS DOMINANT
IN THIS LINE "MAIDEN VIRTUE" - ДІВОЧА
НЕЗАЙМАНІСТЬ, ЧИСТОТА, WHICH «STRUMPETED» –
ПЛЯМУЄТЬСЯ
FRANKO TRANSLATED THIS LINE LIKE `А ЧИСТОТУ ОН
ТАМ СКВЕРНИТЬ НАСИЛЛЯ ДИКЕ`
Creative Writing 101 Presentation
 THE NINETH AND TENTH LINES
IN THE NINTH AND TENTH LINES, SHAKESPEARE DEVELOPS
THOUGHT
ABOUT ART, SKILL:
- AND ART MADE TONGUE-TIED BY AUTHORITY,
AND FOLLY (DOCTOR-LIKE) CONTROLLING SKILL.
UNDER THE NOUN "ART" - МИСТЕЦТВО, МАЙСТЕРНІСТЬ, THE
POET PROBABLY MEANT SKILLS, KNOWLEDGE, WHICH,
UNFORTUNATELY, TONGUE-TIED
BY AUTHORITY "- FELL SILENT, LOST THE GIFT OF SPEECH
THROUGH THE POWER STRUCTURES, THE POWER THAT FORCED
SILENCE, SHUT HIS MOUTH. UNDER THE WORD
"SKILL" ALSO MEANS "УМІННЯ, ТАЛАНТ, ХИСТ" CONTROLLED BY
"FOLLY" - – БЕЗГЛУЗДІ, ПРИМХЛИВІ DOCTOR-LIKE PEOPLE,
THOSE
WHO HAVE A FORGED DEGREE. `– ПЕРЕД НАДСИЛОЮ
ХУДОЖЕСТВО НІМІЄ, А ДУРЕНЬ МУДРОМУ ВІДМІРЮЄ ПРАВА`
 CONCLUSION

In Franko's interpretation there are many spatial expressions that correspond

to the stylistic register of the original. I. Franco enhanced the social sound of
Shakespeare's poetry, bringing it closer to his contemporary reader.The
translator was not able to convey all the means of emphatic sonnet (lost, in
particular, the anaphoric tenfold repetition of the conjunction and), but the
content and expression of this passionate Ukrainian translator reproduced
brilliantly. He transferred the system of integral socio-moral orientations to
another epoch, to another linguistic ground, without crossing the line where
translation turns into chanting.