1.

Discuss the components of a log frame

The Logical Framework, or LogFrame, is one of the principal tools used by the international
development community to help design projects to achieve measurable results. A log frame
(also known as a Project Framework) is a tool for planning and managing development
projects. It looks like a table (or framework) and aims to present information about the key
components of a project in a clear, concise, logical and systematic way. It was pioneered for
USAID in the 1970s and has since been widely adopted by multilateral and bilateral agencies,
NGOs, governments and implementers. The LogFrame is useful to both managers and
evaluators at every stage of the project cycle. It is a vehicle for organizing a large amount of
information in a coherent and concise manner, assisting with the design, implementation and
evaluation of projects. The process used to develop the LogFrame supports USAID principles
of selectivity and focus, evaluation and learning, and adaptation and flexibility. In sum, the
LogFrame: Fosters a clearly stated, explicit and measurable description of what will happen if
a project is successful, along with the project hypotheses underlying the design. Clarifies
what the Mission and project team should be responsible for accomplishing and why, in
unambiguous terms. Displays the key elements of a project, and their relationship to each
other, in a way that facilitates analysis, decision making, and measurable impact.

In 1969, to "discover where they were going and how they were going to get there", USAID
commissioned a study of its project evaluation system. The LogFrame was originally
developed in response to the issues uncovered in that study. It remains relevant today, as
international development agencies and programs are mandated to justify program
expenditures based on results, particularly in an era of budget austerity. The LogFrame
continues to be a critical tool that the international development community uses to help
design projects to achieve measurable results. This includes AusAid, DFID, World Bank,
Sida, UNDP, and many others.

The LogFrame has four components namely, goal, purpose, outputs and activities. Below is
explained the components of LogFrame.
DFID describes the Logical Framework as "a tool to help designers of projects think logically
about what the project is trying to achieve (the purpose), what things the project needs to do
to bring that about (the outputs) and what needs to be done to produce these outputs (the
activities). The purpose of the project from the DFID viewpoint is to serve our higher level
objectives (the goal)".
 2. Develop a log frame of an identified project, clearly explaining all sections
COMMUNITY & SCHOOL DISASTER MANAGEMENT (DM) PROJECT
Objectives Indicators Means of verification Assumptions
G1: ratio of deaths caused by G1: Zimbabwe
No major
Goal: disaster to number of people Government Disaster
unexpected
Reduce deaths and exposed to a disaster in the Management Agency
epidemics, serious
injuries related to target district (10:1000 within statistics for the region
civil unrest or
disasters in the 2 years) (analysed by project
“mega-disaster”
Chimanimani manager, annually)
occur.
Community Disaster Management Capacity Building
: % of people in participating : Focus group discussions The political and
Outcome 1: communities who practise 5 or during CDMC meetings security situation
The capacity of more disaster preparedness (monthly, by CDMC remains stable
communities to prepare measures identified in the members & Red Cross allowing
for and respond to community DM plan (80% in 2 volunteers). community-level
disasters is improved. years) actions to be
carried out.
The economy
remains stable,
Output 1.1: and food
Community Disaster shortages do not
1.1: # of participating
Management Plans are become acute.
communities that have a tested 1.1: Copies of DM plans
developed and tested by Disaster Management Plan (16 (collected by project
Community Disaster The security
[out of 20] within 2 years) manager)
Management situation in the
Committees (CDMCs). country does not
prevent
implementation of
the DM plan.

Activities
Inputs/resources
1.1 Organize 10
1.1.1: Space to hold meetings, Costs & sources People in the
community
trainers/peer facilitators, USD 20,000 (appeal), community have
planning meetings.
training materials USD 1,000 (locally raised no new demands
1.2 Engage volunteer
1.1.2: Per diems funds), volunteer time, on their time
peer facilitators.
1.1.3: Computers, printers, donated space for preventing them
1.3 Develop/translate
awareness-raising materials, meeting/training from
community DM
translator participating.
awareness
materials.