John A, Carter Gilbert Cueves Roger Day Carol Malley Berchie Hollidey Beatrice Moore Luchin Jerry Cummins Ruth Casey, Viken Hovsepian Dinah Zikemhzonline.com & Education Als reserved. No part of th pubaton nay be ‘epreduce or cstbted nay form ory ao mean (rater ins databereoretnevalaynem, out the Prior ante consent Tre cr Hi Comat nce, Fduding but noe imea to, networkstonge Nencinion orbronaeast or are ling. ecm Eduction 1787 Sion Place (ohunbus of 43240 Ison 9780-07 5638613 Printed nthe Unt Site of Amerie. e7esqvsi9 81716HSMN ECE Chapter 0 Chapter 1 Chapter 2 Chapter 3 Chapter 4 Chapter 5 Chapter 6 Chapter 7 Chapter 8 Chapter 9 Preparing for Integrated Math It ‘Quadratic Expressions and Equations Quauratic Functions and Equations ‘Quadratic Functions and Relations Exponential and Logarithmic Functions and Relations Reasoning and Proot Congruent Triangles Relationships in Triangles Quadritaterais. Proportions and Similarity (Chapter 10 Right Triangles and Trigonometry Chapter 11 Circles Chapter 12 Extending Surface Area and Volume Chapter 13 Probability and Measurement Student Handbookon auors ensure that the Macmlar/McGraw Hl and Glencoe Mraw-i mathemati prams are truly vercaly agned by begining wih the end in ‘mind—suecess in integrated Math and beyond. By “backmapping” the content rm the high schoo programs al of ur mathematics programs are wel atclated inter Scope and sequence | Lead Authors as - D John A. carter, Ph.D. sier: J. Gueves, Ph.D. Prncal Frolts Mathonates Eaton ‘al Streson Ki Schot “Tous Sate nerty—San arcs Ue os Salar, Tos ‘eas ol ner: Us eens an mniptes ‘eas of xeric ping oeens and sis in to isaize conceals, matemats acer Enllnguae eae nt rrabeabely heat: materiel presents ) Roger ey AD, ABET Daina Po. Mates Dean ecan Feil Pee foams son Sait oe Groen apt feta Hen Crp re aa Asst jee: nding and api pty and erst at Renesas act iy sl Sass ena eer ean Stee ee Program Authors fat Casey D sary Cummins [atone cmt ‘ets st | torr er Frm Rescr, nia Cancoliprt heat aes corns tomer foe ‘eso en ns resol Spy easy eninatnates lps Gay ai nds p oceeree Hoa, £40, D veatice MereLctin ator Matas sn tabentes Caton Sergent team tow dra Cr ing abana hon end est pet: ake ea, arg wh Eh ciuctaantecciapmusornanenict" astomet conan P Dinah Zike EI tural orsutot igh cies, ne San, eas200 profesional wer Intrumanta in providing valuable input ard suggestions fr improving te effectiveness ofthe maths isructon. _ Consultants Lead Consultants _ Viken fovsepian i nia Cage Wier, Catia Jy MeTiche Caumba, Marana Protos of Matheratos Evatt te and Cnetant Mathematical Content Gran A Fraser, Ph. Prato of ateraics Calor State Urs Los Arges Las ogee, catia ‘Artnr Kayman, PD. Preleseeof ahamates Eneris Calli Sit Ushers Lng Bach Long Beach, Cltia Gifted and Talented She cole osearh sitar Unhersiyof Canoctiat Store, Cmecnt College Readiness Rober Lee Kimball J. Depart Hea, Math and Pyses ‘Wate Tees CommuntyCalege Raleigh, North Cine Differentiation for English-Language Leamers ‘Susana Davidnko ‘State Univrsy of New ork (Cortland New rk ‘Att Gomez MathematevES. Teacher erg Foe Won Scho! ‘Sane, Ne Yor Graphing Calculator ath casey ‘Patna utr Fair, Kenchy ery Canin Former Present Natl Cooncl of Supervisors ot Matenates este Srings in Mathematical Fluency Robert M. Capraro ‘esate Praesoe “os ABM Unters (lege Stati, Texas Pre-AP Die oss aad Teacher fx Avan Pacoment Matberates Plaga High Schost Puen, Tex Reading and Writing Reteah Consett Lent thor ard Edcaoel Cnet ‘Morgantown Lym. Havens Det of Project OSS Xetspl, Montara ae]" fells ZzPreparing for Ghee Eran | 0-4 Changing Units of Measure Within Systems Ps (0-2 Changing Units of Measure Between Systems. Ps 0-3 Simple Probability Pa 0-4. Algebraic Expressions Pro 0-8 Linear Equations Pit 0-6 Linear inequalities Pa ©-7 Inverse Linear Functions Pts ‘Rs Explore: Aigebra Lab Drawing verses. Pa 0-8 Ordered Pairs Pax 0-8 Systems of Linear Equations Pe (0-10 Square Roots and Simplifying Radicals Par mPosttest Pea BI corte mesrew-nicom [RNa ee anc are=sQuadratic Expressions and Equations Get Ready fr Chapter (€ explore: Ageia Lab Acing and Subtracting Pojaomials ‘Adding and Subtracting Polynomials Multiplying a Polynomial by a Monemiat ‘Ge Explore: Algebra Labs MutpyngPebmomials Multiplying Polynomiats Special Products| ‘=Mid-Chapter Quiz € Explore: Algera Lab Firing Using the Dstbuive Property Using the Distributive Property ‘Cebplore: Algebra Lab Felony Tamils Solving x2 + bx+ ¢ Solving a?-+ be + 0= 0 Ditferences of Squares Perfect Squares Roots and Zeros ASSESSMENT ‘= Study Guide and Review ‘Practica Test 1 Preparing for Standardized Tests 1 Standardized Test Practice, Chapter 1 Fi ornoclinosa-i.oon uN N28 8 8B 8B eB Re(eeytearalaa cous and Equations {Got Ready for Chapter 2 2-4. Graphing Quadratic Functions (Cheon Algebra Lab Rate of Chane of 2 Quatati Function 2-2 Solving Quadratic Equations by Graphing, Edend: Graphing Techndogy Lab Quadratic heusies (Explor: Graphing Technology Lab Family of Ouocat Fncions, 2-3 ‘Transformations of Quadratic Functions {fg Extend: Graphing Techndlogy Lab systems of Linear and Quovkalc Equals 2-4 Golving Quadratic Equatione by Comploting the Square (Destent: Algeb al Finding he Maximum o Minimum Vue ‘a Mid-Chapter Quiz 2:5 Solving Quadratic Equations by Using the Quadratic Formula 2-6 Analyzing Functions with SuccessWve Differences {edand: Graphing Technology Lab Ce Fitiag 2-7 Special Functions (Extend: Graphing Technelogy Lab Peceise-Lnoar Functions ASSESSMENT ‘= Study Guide and Review Practice Test reparing for Standardized Tests, ‘= Standatdized Test Practice, Chapters 1-2 105 m 12 m4 1m 124 190 132 133 “0 6Reasoning and Proof (et Ready for Chapter 5 (Cheplues Geumety Lab Necessary and Suen Craton ‘5-1 Postulates and Paragraph Proo's 5-2 Algebraic Proof ‘5-2 Proving Segment Relationships 5-4 Proving Angle Relationships 8B RB B Sa 8 5-5 Angles and Parallel lines 5-6 Proving Lines Paallet 2 ASSESSMENT ‘Study Guide and Review ‘Practice Test "Preparing for Standardized Tests ‘= Standardized Test Practice, Chapters 1-5: geag FA connectED.mograw hil.com Rana ne coyCongruent Triangles et Ready fr Chapler 6 a4 62 os 65 ‘Angles of Triangles Congruent Triangles Proving Triangles Congruent—SSS, SAS A ttend: Goomeny Lab Proving Constrections ‘=Mid-Chapter Quiz Proving Triangles Congruent—ASA, AAS ‘A End: Gaometry Lab Conus i ig Teles Isosceles and Equilateral Triangles, ‘Triangles and Coordinate Proof A extend: Geomeny Lab Two-Dimensional Repesenatons of Tve-Oimensionl Objects [ASSESSMENT ‘= Study Guide and Review Practice Test ‘= Preparing for Standardized Tests ‘= Standardized Test Practice, Chapters 1-6 S88 €8 £ 88 g 8 gees{st Ready foe Chapt? mH 1 1 1 1 8 AsBrplre: Geometry Lat Constucing Bisecors Bisoctors of Triangles. A boplore: Geometry Lab Constructing Mestans and Antuces Medians and Altitudes of Triangles Inequalities in One Triangle ‘= Mid-Chapter Quiz F Explore: Geometry Laby Matrix Leos Indirect Proof {@ Explore: Graphing Technology Lab The Tian neal ‘he Tiangle Inequality Inequalities in Two Tangles ASSESSMENT ‘mStudy Guide and Review ‘Practice Test "= Preparing for Standardized Tests "= Standardized Test Practice, Chaptors 1-7 BP conneciED mcoraw-nil.con RoE ae cee a ae 16 ar ae 2888Quadrilaterals (at Rady fr Chapter at et Angles of Polygons Bete: spreatsheot Lab Angles of Pogors Parallelograns. {Explore Graphing Technolgy Lab Paralogs Tests fr Paralletograms = a-chaptr Quiz Rectangles Rhombi and Sauces "Tapers and Kites [ASSESSMENT ‘Study Guide and Review Practice Test 1 Preparing for Standardized Tests 1d Test Practco, Chapters 1-& 8 8 82 &@ 83 512 S31 535, 536and Similarity Get Ready for Chapter 9 Py +1 Ratios and Proportions 3 Fi txtend Graphing Technology Lab oraz Squerce ad ties. 560 -2 Similar Polygons. 351 9-3 Similar Triangles: 580 CDiExtend: Geometry Lab rons of Pependculr ana Para! ines. 570 3k Parallel Lines and Proportional Parts m2 ‘=Mid-Chapter Quiz, a2 9-5 Parts of Similar Triangles 3 Distond: Geometry Lab Fractal. 1 96 —Simitaty Transformations a 8-7 Scale Drawings and Models 00 ASSESSMENT ‘= Study Guide and Review os Practice Test on "= Preparing for Standardized Tests w2, 1 Standardized Test Practice, Chapters 1-9. om Bf ponnecieD.mcoraw-fil.com Rae oreid‘Got Ready fr Chapter 10 10-1 10-2 03 104 105 106 tor 108 iy Geometric Mean ‘€eExlore: Geometry Lab Profs Wiha Wars ‘The Pythagorean Theorem and its Converse. {CL Etend Geomsry Lab. Corinates in Space Special Right Triangles [lesplore: Graphing Technolgy Lab Tigonamery ‘Trigonometry [Bxtend: Graphing Tecnology Lab Sean, Csecant, and otnget ‘aMid-Chapter Quiz Angles of Elevation and Depression The Law of Sines and Law of Cosines ‘€Extond: Geometry Lab The Abiguous Case Vectors ‘€c Extent: Goomtry Lab Assng Vectors Explore: Graphing Technology Lab Dilzions Dilations ASSESSMENT ‘=Study Guide and Review Practice Test ‘= Preparing for Standardized Tests ‘Standardized Test Practice, Chapters 1-10, geese 82(et Ready fr Chapter 1 12 ns 114 1 Cirtes and tircurmterence Measuring Angles and Arcs ‘Ares and Chords Inscribed Angles ‘=Mid-Chapter Quiz Tangents ‘AcEttend: Geometry Lab incibed and Greunserins Celes Secants, Tangents, and Angle Measures ‘Special Segments in a Circle Equations of Circles ‘Extend: Geometry Lab Parabolss Areas of Circles and Sectors ASSESSMENT ‘Study Guide and Review Practice Test "Preparing for Standardized Tests ‘= Standardized Test Practice, Chapters 1-11 BA connect megraw-hil.com] Sansone is oy Cy eee ed ba cn nm ns m™ 79 aa 3 aa gagGet Ready fr Chapter 12 m4 122 123 12.4 125 126 127 128 iy (© Explore: Geometry Lab Sods Formed by Trnsatin Representations of Three-Dimensional Figures. (CDéxtent eometry Lab Torooranhic Mans Surface Areas of Prisms and Cylinders: Surface Areas of Pyramids and Gones Volumes of Prisms and Cylinders £@exene: Graphing Tectology Lats Changing Clmensons ‘=Mid-Chapter Quiz Volumes of Pyramids and Cones Surface Areas and Volumes of Spheres: Dstt: Geometry Las Loos a Sees Spherical Geometry (Eston: oometry Lab tavigatonal Corinates, CCongruent and Similar Solids ASSESSMENT ‘Study Guide and Review ‘Practice Test 1 Preparing for Standardized Tests «= Standardized Test Practice, Chapters 1~12 Mens (Re en asas8(et Ready for Chapter 12 4 134 135 136 BA onnecit.mograw-i.com Rao Representing Sample Spaces Probability with Permutation and Combinations Geometic Prodi ‘= Mi-Chapor Quiz Simulations Probobitis of independent and Dependent Events 7 fant Gorton Sone ates, Probabilities of Mutually Exclusive Events (CDéstent: Geometry Lab Sra Theery ASSESSMENT ‘Study Guide and Review ‘Practice Test ‘Preparing for Standardized Tests ‘Standardized Test Practice, Chaptors 1-13. Pre Gor 8888 8 88 82 2888 es 22)Ua ent ene Lg Formulas and Measures Symbols and Properties: k zYou can use this capt in various ways. ee a ec wn) Proiere eo men ccc Pret coco uc ean ee eee tte Repeat paren od Retain Toon iecescric tt Co enerer onnectED.megraw-hill.com STR EE a cheap ee iyYou wil review several concepts, sis, and vocabulary terms 2s you study Chapor 0, To get ready, identity important terms and organize your resources “Traugott you wie vod ose otis to Espa cence oernena | Why stout you us nom — 4 Thee yo ean, dy and arare naman, — + babonas oe praia + Youcan eset sya ue rer main a a ls pte Sate, eran onto ou mayhae- roads eerie ‘+ They gi octane inp your at ort par ose cower x How stoud ours ten? cones y cundante | te ew omaton— sis ec ems, wien ‘coneapis, questions, ad main at — one ont abs ot |) your Flo. ‘stem ot equation: p.P25- sista de ecusioae © te sec fomatn — ies, your hugs answers 0 ee ‘uestns,ps, nts, and detions — under te s. ‘eeetite 2 hae " mnator P25 elmackin a Prods Proper) p.P27 Propiedad oe Posie ‘math concept pars ke Nps Wangs, Cuotent Pope) 9.27 Propidad de Conte ‘stepson, ‘pats of pole hecomparand conast2 parse ‘wa where when wy. an how Spat). You moy want stare yourFlaties na paste appr bap tiatyou have three le punched to tyr ottock. ‘When stout you use em "Setup your Folate as you bg a chepe when you start leaming anew concen. = Witinyour Fob erry ay. © Use your Fate to revi for hamenari quizes, nda. AB P2 | cxstero | erepringtorincegrztes MaenPretest ‘State which metre unt you would probably use we ‘measure each item. 1. length of computer keyboard 2. mass ofa large dog Complete each sentence. Baten ants 2yd 5 180g=_2 kg esT=2m 1mg= toe 8 3mi~ 2 km 88yd= 2m 1 S1b= 2 at 11, TUUA Acan of tuna i 6 ounces. About how many gram isi? 12, CRIOKERS A box of crackers i 53 grams. About how many pounds isi? Round to the nearest pound. 18. DISTANCE A road sign ia Canada gives the distance to Toronto ae 14D klometers, What this distance to the nearest mile? PROBABILITY A bag contains 3 blue chips, 7 red chips, 4 yellow chips, and 5 green chips. A chip is randomly «awn from the bag Find each probability 14, Plyeliow) 18. Pigreen) 16, Pred orblue) M7 Pinot red) Evaluate cach expression fr=3,q=1, and = Ware ies mo 8 age, (2-417 28+ hg - 51 Solve each equation. mbes = 20 28, 6 =18=30 mw fa-8 me -Ba-9 M7 6l=7 44d 35, 2 16)= 46 Solve each inequality we y-13<2 masse Bs 6 ma mets wrens a. -tecit ates ates Wirt the ordered pair for each point shown. ar f T 4H A 1D ‘Graph and label each point on the coordinate plane above, a. 541) 48. 60-3) 50, R(-2,-4) 3. 3.3) 82, Graph the angle with vertices 1,4), K(2 3) and U1, 2), 58, Graph four points tha satisty the equation yoni Solve ech system of equations. yas 6 -3r-ya4 paar46 wt yes se ya2ret mhayent yas f-yas Srtyn 6 wo be a-y=3 faye -2 ‘Simplify. 60. VB ot. ze a 2 ey aot [onan PaChanging Units of Measure Within Systems es "© comer fuss | tine catomary ad ee 7 ‘State which metri unit you would use to measure the length of your pen. ‘Apen hasa smal length but not very small The cette the appropriate Vt) = ices) Toso = 3 Tri) = 2807 + To convert from larger unit to smaller units, multiply. ‘To convert from smaller unis to larger units, divide + To use dimensional analysis, maliply by the ato ofthe unis, ‘Complete each sentence, 2 42km =? m bisya There are 1000 meters ina kilometer, ‘There are eet ina yor 42 km x 1000 = 200m iByded= 39K ‘Complete each sentence. 837mm=_? ‘There are 100 centimeters in a meter Fist change milinters to centineters mm =_? om somali —+ grant Wmm+10=17em sinc 1dmm= 160,chvee 0. “Then change cntneters to meters Lem satu ot L7cn+T00=0017 m —soce wen = 1 mans 1, 1 6600 yd=_2_ mi ‘Use dimensional analysis aes 0 yh x Ew GLB = 3.75 mi a EE [roman =2¢ Tos‘Complete each sentence. 237L=_2 mL ‘Ther are 1000 milters ina ter. 87x 1000 = 3700 ml. 67pm 2 foe Ther are 8d ounces in. a.cp. First change its to cs. Tpt= Ze Tpxdeite Then change cps tofu mers Wee 2 flee Mex =il2foz b tat=_2_ gal “There are quarts ina gallon. eqs 4=dgat @ 4gal=_?_pt ‘Ther are quarts in gallon Fistchange sli o arts. 4gal=_2 at sgaixd=toat ‘Then change stops ieqt=_2_pt Toqhx P= 32 pt ‘The mass of an objet the amount of mater that it eontains ogra (9) = 10 ras 1a 10 nsore a] ‘Complete each sentence. 547g =_?_mg “There are 1000 miligrams ina gram. Change ogra to grams. sarhg= 2g 547 kg x 1000 = 5470 g “Then change senso milligram 5470 g=_2_ mg 5470 gx 1000 = 547000 mg bsT= 2 o “There are 16 ounces in apound. ‘Change tons to ponds T=?» 57 x 2000 = 100001 “Then change pounds to nce. 100001 =? oz 10000 1b x 16 = 160.0002 State which metric unit you would probably use to measure each Item. 41. radius ofa onnic ball 2. length ofa notebook 4 mastofabeachball ——& liquid inacup Complete each sentence. 7. in= 7 f 8 182 yd 10.210mm=_2 em 1 180mm=_? m 13. 90in.=_? yd 14, 5280 yd =? a W602km= 2m 1 7OmML= 2 L 18. 32floc= 7 5a 2 e=_2_ gal sgl? gt 25. B= 20 26 150g =_? ke 2 mont of a tenth 6. water ina bathtub 8.10km=_2_m 12 s100me 2k ioyd= 28 18 2L=_2 mt 21 10pte tat 24 36mg=_L. 2. 905ig0 2 === «GgChanging Units of Measure Between Systems Cee ‘The table below shows approximate equivalents between customary units of ength and metre units of length tim 25en | len 04in, Tyé= 09m Tae tiv Voix 6am | te 06 Complete each sentence. a. 20in. =? em bola 2 mi ‘There are approximately There is approximately 06 rile 25 centimeters in an inch ins kilometer, 30in. «25 =75em 5kn x06 =3mi Complete: 2000 yd = 2m. ‘There is approximately 09 meter ina yard, Fist find the number of meters in 2000 yards 2000 yd 09 = 1800 9 “Then change mts to llometer, There are 1000 mors in a llomett 1800 m +1000 =1.8km ‘The table below shows approximate equivalents between customary unis ofcapacty and metric units of capacity. Tat=09t te ie Complete each sentence. argt~ 2 b2t= 2 pt Theres approximately 09 liter “There ave appronioately 21 pints ina quart ina lier, 7qtx09 = 631 2Lx21=42ptComplete:10L = _? gal ‘There are approximately 1.1 quartsina iter Firs find the number of quarts in liters. Lx 1d =n¢ ‘Then change quarts to gallos. Thre are 4 quarts ina gallon. studyTp ngi+4=275—51 Died ei te Src ‘You can aso se dimensional analysis. ‘See nner, Lig, tel mcareteinoe roe AS aa 75 90 ‘ron beat Dats te rea eae “The table below shows approximate equivalents between customar unis of weight and Nore 33 1900408 1e= 05k Tie= 226 Complete each sentence. a. 585kg= 2 tb bisor~_te ‘Thote are approximately 22 pounde There are approximately 283 grams Ina kilogram. inanounce 585 kg x 22 =1287 16 Mor x 283 = 39628 Eas ‘Complete each sntenc. 1. 8in=_2 em 2ism=_2 yd ange 2t A Bor= tg S10mi~ 2 km 6 Stem= 2 tn 1.20 = Rosie 2 ot S6yde tim Wasaige 2 HL NO7L= 2 pt aS =_2 oe wabbe tig ikem i bgnett 16 3505-2 17. 600in= 2m 18.21km=_? yd 18, CEREAL Abox of cereal is 13 ounces, About hove many grams eit? 20, FLOUR bog of flour ls 226 kilograms. How much does it weigh? Round tothe eazest pound 21, SAUCE jar of tomato sauces 1 pound 10 ounces. About how many grams sit? EEE] »geae © Fd th proba of sino ee ‘NewWocabulary paint va presby ‘ert probaly pein pty Sh (4) en pce ‘bla terse ‘roo hoe ‘nena gent 0 (4) | ‘ect sot eigen ag py ees (twos tos eg og Foc ge oo ome Matematica! Pacers Simple Probability -Astuaton involving chance such sipping coin or roling 3 diss RATER ‘Asingle performance ofan experimen such tolling ede one ne Qa The aul ‘tetra calcd or ROME Ane soe or more outomes ram experiment. ‘When each outcome is equally kely to happen the EOBABINY of an event isthe ‘i ofthe numberof favorable outcomes to the number of posible outcomes, The probability ofan event is always between Oand 1 inclusive. Suppose a de s rolled. Whats the probability of rolling an odd number? ‘There are3 odd numbers ona die: 1,3,and 5. ‘There are6 possible outcomes: 1,2,3,4,5, and 6 oss) = unr roms “The probability of rolling an odd umber i or 5% Fora given experiment, the sum ofthe probablltes ofall posible outcomes must sum to 1 Suppose a bag contains 4 red, 3 green, 6 blue, and? probability randomly chosen marble will nt be yellow? ‘Since the sum of the probabilities of all ofthe colors must sum oI subtract the prebebiity thatthe marble will be yellow fom ‘The probability thatthe marble wl be yellow is % because there are 2 yellow marbles ‘and 15 total marbles. Pinot yellow) = 1 ~ Pillow) 5 2 “The probability thatthe marble will not be yellow ts 13 or about 67%.“The probabilities in Examples 1 and 2 recalled theoretical probabilities. The seo i what shoul occu. The is what actualy occurs whens probabil experiment i repeated many times. ( stuwyrp Bommel Paty ‘Trecxpernens wobabity | | Thee shows the results of an stan earner rat ment in which a number cube rien ||| experiment in which a mamber cub Freer ‘was rolled. Find the experimental St ei probability of lings "i my tees sumo ies 3 ecu 7 bsnl ety PO) = Garman tems 2 nde bn on be eras ‘Theexperimental probability for getting ‘vas pony P ‘A die{s rolled Find the probability of each outcome, 4. Pless than 3) 2. Pleven) 4. Plgreater than 2) 4. lprime) 5 Pisor2) 6. Pliteger) |Ajar ontaing 65 pennies, 27 nickels, 30 dimes, and 18 quarters. A coins randomly Selected from the ar Find each probability. 7. Peary) 8. Piguater) 8. Poot dime) 10, penny ot dime) 11, Peale grater than $015) 12, Pinot nickel) 1, Phicke or quarter) 14 Pale less than $0.20) PRESENTATIONS The students ina clas are randomly drawing cards numbered 1 through 28 rom a hat to determine the order in which they wil give thelr presentations Find cach probability. 15. Pas) 16. PL 0°28) 17, Pas than 14) 18, Pott) 48, Pot 204 17) 20, Pgreater tan 16) “The able shows the recults of an experiment in which three coins were teed iat DAL Le | ft (| | tteletyvtetele 21, What is the experimental probability that all thee ofthe coins wil be hesds? The theoretical probability? 22, What isthe experimental probability tha theoretial probability? 23, DUCISION MARI You and two of your fiends have pooled your money buy a new ‘ileo game. Desenbe a method that could be used to make a fair decision as to who ses o play the game fis 24, DEUISION MAKING A new study find that the Incidence of heart attack while taking ‘certain diabetes drugs less than 5%, Shoulda person with diabetes take this drug? ‘Should they take the drag ifthe ik i Tes than 1%? Explain your easoning, Gaon Ps eat to of the coin will be heads? The‘Algebraic Expressions ‘An oxpresion ean algebraic expreclon if contains cure and/or products of| variables and numbers. To evaluate an algebraic expression, replace the variable lor variables with known values nd then we the order of eporations — a ‘Sip Es pve ‘ep 3 ol anos adr ion om ew a ‘apo alas snr cto om a a 10+ (Nord s.ra, and p=. b 30+ 20) stat 302 + 20) —3f-218 + 21-4) toy = + 91 sec, -H-s)or 12 Example 3 Bvaluate la ~ 6] +2|e~ 5] a= —2,b=—4,ande= 5. a Of + 2le— 5] = 3|~2— (41) +285] susiwie ra, and = 32 +2}-21 Sino = 3@) + 202) 0r 10 aman Exercises Evaluate each expression if =2,b= ~3,¢ te cI 1.29 2g 4aire 2» at 'c 7, Red + 30b Evaluate each expression ifs = 2,y = -3,andz=1. B+ hms MER MBH se 12 By asl?Linear Equations Objective (© septate sve ner auaton, the same number is added to or subtracted from each side ofan equation, the resulting equation i tre. Si) g Soive each equ axa 7aI6 74781647 a7 wen m= 7 sn ke31= 10 Og saan k¢s1-s1=10-31 seouact 3 toe ka a IW each side of an equation is multiplied or divided bythe same number, the resulting equation i trae. gi 3 Solve each equation. a ad36 =% syed eu Tosalve equations with more than one operation, often called ml-step equations, urdo EESSolve each equation. a 8y~15=09 18999 erg ation yao ‘Sto ch ie a=8 iis cach st by 8 by 45m 6y—5 My +8=6y—5 es eqsin Ry =6y 13 subrat stom xcs 13 ‘Sutet y tom ech side - 4B nie nig Watehout! ‘reef Oeaans ; solving equations that contain grouping ymtols, rst use the Distributive roe Seta eee (Property to remove the grouping symbols. ‘reagan ea Solve 3(e— 5) = 13. Br =5)=13 Sina aan Be-15=13 suite open) Bee 28 sss 8 tose, a2 ovidecansicema, Salve each equation tremed 2na7ars aan7es . : Abas s-Ea6 ayes : ‘ 1. ye-8 agen a hyena Menus Niue mp-a-s th beza—s Wa st0922 8 yee 150 Mserag—s ate 6es—10 0 Beis—2 nabiea-1 Bo sd—sn418 Mera Ti bentad w.n-tan 2 -te--27 38-7 FB ree | anon | enLinear Inequal to (© Use algora to soho foeer | statements with greater ‘han (>), less than (<), greater than or equal to (2), or les than hemi, or equal to (2) ae inequalities. f any number is added or subtracted teach side ofan Inequality the resulting equality is true. i Solve each inequality. Re-won xo17>2 al eciy W417> 12417 san eens 30 sip The solution sts [xe > 25). hyemes yon ss inno yell —T1g5—11—soactt to ys-6 simpy The solution sts ily $ ~6 Iv eachsie ofan inequality i multiplied or divided by a positive number, the resulting inequallty i tue, Solve each inequality. aden wen Lem orpeaineity Sp<72 egal cobs (on mis nore tc ie 1266 Soy sei ‘The slution et sit 2 66 “The solution sets pp <9) |feach side ofan inequality is multiplied or divided by the same negative number the irecton of he inequality symbol must be reese so thatthe resuling inequality tue Solve each inequality. =5e>30 Se> 3dr iey SEES] oe Wi] fh net po)CEI TENPERATURE Refer tothe beginning ofthe lesson. Randall wants to convert the temperatures from degrees Celsius to degrees Fahrenheit, 4. Find the inverse function Cn ct) =$(0-2)—oapueaatin er wehy-2) tect ym sa ch iy Aeal-WorldLink ‘oie mentee Ole sec gt sn nen Be. carb Replace with 9, Chscaten inte scene 'b What do vand C-1() represent inthe context ofthe inverse function? lerprste of antag "rmpresents the temperature in dogrees Celsius. C-¥) represents the ‘ong wer moni temperature in degrees Fahrenheit et Sag ween tert ©. Find the average temperatures for July in degrees Fahrenheit. ‘Theaverage minimum and maximum temperature fr July ae 3° Cand 15°C, respectively. To find the average minimum temperature, find C-¥3). C9 =Br432 Aiea CHAR — shad siore =a sin ‘Tofind the average maximum temperature, find C-1(15) a ‘The average minimum and maximum temperatures for July are37.4°F and 59°F, respectively, 4. RENTALCAN Peggy rents a car for the day. ‘The total cost Cx) in dollars is given by Cle) = 19.99 034, where: isthe numberof miles she drives. A. Find the inverse function C-M). ‘What do x and C(x) represent in the context ofthe inverse function? 6. How many miles did Peggy drive ifher total cost was $34.99? 1 | sane ner ne ooCESama nen) Example 1 Find the inverse of each relation. 1 (4, 15) (-8, -18) (-2, -165), (8, “182511 a 7 7 ms [ a7 1 Example 2 Graph the inverse ofeach relation. Example 3 Find the inves of ech fanton 5 fa) = 2047 a fondees ample 7 BS REASONNG Dwveyne and his brother purchase sesso kets he Cleveland Gieccen games The tet pacing eters onetime pore of» personal Sifistad Going si20 for woe Atchet eat ge cot $70. Theos Gh natan orbvreyne forthe ist season sa) = 600 7s whee she ube games Dnagne tends 2 Find the inverse fncon 2 What dos and represent in he content ofthe avers function? ¢: How many games ig Daye ated i fis fal ot fr he sso wa 9502 GSR) el paren & {(—5, 13), (6, 10.8), (3, 11.4), (—10, 14)) @ 4 =, 035.21. -79,4.71 ne asa = 31 [or Example 2 Graph the inverse of each relation, ha “i FaGraph polygon with vertices At-2,2), cr cc ‘30,9, C0, 2), and DI, 1, aa aE Graph the ordore pairs ona coordinate plane. Ve Connect each pair f consecutive points The 0, polygon isa paallelogean ‘StudyTip tas Tr ity ph four sa ation y= ene eee ‘Graph four points that ststy the equation y wenyouseadecttns [| Make table mont tee | Choose four values fort. Evaluate each value of for4 1h 6.3) 2 [ee Ba sfest st fen Exercises: Write the ordered pair for each point shown atthe right. 1B 2c ap ae BE ac 1H ar 8) wk nw zM nN WP O ‘Graph and label each point on a coordinate plane. Name the quadrant polat is Tocated. 18 M(-1,3) 17.50,0) 18. R(-3,-2) 18. PA, -8) 20. 36, -1) 21. DG.) 272.5) 2. U4, -3) Graph the following geomet figures. 24, a square with vertices W(-3,3),(-3, —1),Z(1,3)and YL, 1) 25. a polygon with vertices Jt. 2). KCL 1) (~2.2}, sn MUL 5) 26. a iangle with vertices FQ, 4, G(-3,2},and H(-=1, 3) Graph four points that satisfy each equation. Byam 2 y=3e— GQ) P24 | tessono8 | oreres ras myn?Systems of Linear Equations Ete © veegamtirg.ntetiuton, | To or more equations that have common variables are called andeninaton sate] The solution ofa system of equations in two variables isan ordered pal of umbers name sar {hotsatistes bth equations A system of ve linese equations can have 200, 0, oF vats, Sn infinite numberof solutions. There are ree methous by which s)stems of equations ‘in be solved: graphing, elimination, and substitution GB Mewocabuiry | sive easy of gein by gaping The ermine wheter ee ayenrts yas “The graphs appear to intersect a @. Check this estimate by replacing x with 2andy with {In each equation, CHECK y= av +3 1a-243 ele laid “Thesyatem has one solution at (2,0. ‘ by- yo “The graphs ofthe equations are parallel ines. Since they do not intrscet, thre are no solutions ofthis system of equations, Notice thatthe ines have the same slope but diferent yintercepts. Equations with te same slope nd the same. _pintereepts have an infinite number ef solutions tis ficult to determine the solution ofa system when the two graphs intersect at ‘oninieger values. There ae algebraic methods by which an exact solution cen be found. (One sch method is ‘Use substitution to mule he aystent of equations. yaa dy bare Since y = —t, substitute 4x for y Inthe second equation. art find the value fy, 4x Fintenaton sotSometimes adding or subtracting two equation together will eliminate one variable, Using this step to solve a system of equatione ealed alienation {ier tmlnaion sl the aytem of eguatins aet3=7 perv Ethers oy can beclininated. In this example we wil elite» 34507 EEE s+ ay 28 sy20 EEE + 29-0 My =28 Aide ceains tee 2 Sih Now substitute 2foryinelier equation find the value of. Aee2ye0 ——Secseteqaion ae2e0 yar Aree 0 Sin Ard 420-4 saints tomescnson StudyTp a ring Ss Yan ech eb ‘cm bat sin ‘ecard ating evar ent y-2ret 2-41 Solve by substitution. 4 Bry sy 2 Sx 4y=22 Byt5re-3 ade Det 5y=—21 By-2e88 Solve by elimination. 1 -se+y a areaye 8 tr 5ye—m Br+2y a2 9x dy = 13 24 3y=11 [Name an appropriate method to solve each system of equations, Then solve the system. Wa dr-yant Medes Oy =3 23 2y=6 Bra 3yn3 10s = 15y = 4 Be 5y=5 1B yeres By +5215 Bh r26 0 seesSquare Roots and Simplifying Radicals ‘A radical expression is an expression that contains a square rot, The expression isin ‘Simplest form when the following thre conditions have been met. J + No radicands have perfect square factors other than 1 + No redicands contain fractions. + No radials appear in the denominator ofa faction. ‘The BASAWEIPRPERG sates tha fortwo numbers and b > 0, Vab = vi VB. ‘Simpify. ave VBaVETS Pree eta at 5 = VE V5 Prot Property of Square Roos =3v5 Sip. bev VEVB=VEB radar ropmty SVETTS —rinelsewreton VEVIO— PoautPoosny =3vi0 simoty For adic expressions in which the exponent of the variable inside the radicals cve and the resuleng simplified exponent sod, you must use absolute value to ensure nonnegative results. AVENE NS YEE Preteen 22s VEexevEepPeVF-l2] sony =2aeVy sity “The QUEHERANpERY sates that for any numbers ard, where 4 = and b= 0, iz Simpl Ena ooRationalizing the denominator ofa radical expression i 2 methnd weed ta liminse rice from the denominator ofa faction. To rationalize the denominator, multiply the expression bby Faction equivalent oT such that the revuling denominator oa pore guar Stanpiy. Watchdut! raising te err Dat ato utp bm he ana {dennis ‘aka wen youaotstor sup. sia af Haga asa st retrain Pros Paper ty oy rower Pony Sometnes conjgates ar ad tsp cade expresons. Cougs arenas ofthe orm pfs nV an pV Simpify > = 254i SE seve me loti 1.Vi 2VR 8 E+ VE 6 Vie VE «ye ayZ we a EF ae 3 va oa a 1) P28 | eson 040 | Squoe Roots ad Simtiyng Rade sate (VF sino 3. V50- VIO 1. RF VE 8 5607S 2s 2S "8 Slave 2 aePosttest ‘State which metric unit you would probably use fo ‘measure each item 1. mass ofa book 2. length of a highway ‘Complete each sentence. asin= 2k Aoyd= 2 S2for= 2p B37kg= 2b 24gkm=2m RS ge 2 ke BOskg=2mg 1 I19L= 2a 11, PROBABILITY ‘The table shows the results ofan txperiment in which number cube wasralled Find the experimental probably of rling a4 m4 ui_| 6 wf s H a of candy contains lllipops8 peanut batter cups, and 4 chocolate bars. A plece of candy is fandomly drawn from the bag, Find each probability. 42, Pipeanutbuttercup) 18, Poolipop or peanut butler cup) 14, Pinot chocolatebar) 18, chocolate bar oF llipop) ‘Evaluate each expression f= 2,y=—3,and z= 4 Warne eye 1832 wg a 2.744) Solve each equation. mins 25 4-10 2300-123 Btw mSv-7 mie? a lnr nar Solve each inequality M.sy-9>1 M24 ee BW5t738 |B 2-mson—12 ned B.8sr-14 a dnc 3n— “Write the ordered pair for each point shown «6. a 2 M N P [Name and label exch point onthe coordinate plane above 2. A-2.0) 8.0.9) 4-4-4) 8 FG,-5) 48, Graph the quadateral with vertices a. 020), 58, ~2), TU, 3} and WO 5). Graph three points that satisfy the equation yokes Solve each system of equations. arene GamQuadratic Expressions and TELS Fouslen an onaDiagnose Readiness | You nave two options for checking prerequisite skis, {rs opin oroecnonanno cist Rewrite each expression using the Distribute Property. Than simpy. 1. aa+5) Rewrite 6x(—Bx — 5x — Se +) using te Distribute Property, Then simply. 6x(-34- Sx— 52+ 9) = 6-32) + Bxl—Sx) + 6xl—5x4) + Bx) = =10y? — 309 — 30% + 6x4 48 — 300 +644 2.204% 3 ain 9? +2) 4. 60? 5x6) ‘5, (NMNCIAL LITERACY Five ends wil pay 89 perth, ‘8 per ink, an $6 pa ppcom atthe mais We an ‘excesion tat cul be used to determine the cos for them to goto the moves. ‘Simply each expression not possible, ite simplified. 6 tu 10 7.592462 iy 86+ 6 — Ae 4 2% Be 48-404 20% = 2a + fe ~ 4046 8 bn 8m 8 tu? ws 180? Sea tmates-te te —27 nets te+ 8 AOU L MH 1 PM dad 18 1h 2427-59118, Sg? 39-69-42 sity - 18. wth 17 40509 Silty 29099. OPI-2yh = 2-9 18 aan’) 18, setae | ats an Saftey) 21, (-2aterach) == 22, GEOMETRY A squares inches. on ech se. Whats hae of he square? (Qrewos ernerntcoeiteannitcnciemnsnGet Started on the Chapter ‘You wil eam several new conceps, sis, and vocabulary terms as you study Chapter 1. To get ready, ident important terms and organize you resources. ‘You may wish to refer to Chapter 0to review prerequisite sil ip you oanize you Chaplet ntes about quartic ‘expression and equations. Begin wt fie sets of (0 paper. 1 Fatdin at along tn wth On ha ft hows, cit centimeters lng te fda the nds. On Be cond two sees cu inthe conte sopping 5 ‘canter rom te ends. ‘2 Insert te fest shets trough te second sheets ane gn te ois. Label the ont Chapa 8, Quacratic Exgessons and uations. Label he pages with son ‘umber andthe lest pape wi vacua 4 | chapters | quadratic Expressions and Equations ‘uadatetpessons and Equation Nake is Fle 0 Espail B.7 polnanio B.7-_dioonio B7 winonio ‘eqiee ofa nomial p.7-_ grado de un nonorio egee ofa polramial 7 gato de un olnomio ‘tandardform of p.8 forma estindar polyol poinanio leading coeticient 8 coeiet oer FOL method 9.23 metodo fi ‘quadratic exresson p.23 expression cvtdtice factoring p98 factoriacion Aactring by grouping .37 _factoriacién or agrupamienic Zero Product Property p.38 _propead dl roducto eon eucin cuattea palinoi rio dllerenca decuscades uot easton 9.48 Dime poyromieh. 54 ference of wo 9.58 ‘squares Peseta tinonid 64 ‘Square ot Property p.67 ‘ino cuadado perfect Propet dela ale cuadreda ReviewVecabulary eg) ‘bso valve aor balla the aglte veo ary umber nis the distance he numbers ram 220 on umber ine ands witen 2 my aaete Tosteurabn 22 pafect square cura perfecto number with 2 uae root ati a atonal number(race) Adding and Subtracting ONES ‘otras an uses mode! pani Ayman ‘monomial or the Sum of monomiais, Te Glagraen Below shows the Models. ~~ Foe Tore ii cas am ase snopes be ae sone tra es ne pe ca Polonia Models ‘Suce nus ot sa! uh sph + oomals re nosed sing te types of es. a a + Fac as an epost, EE Use algebra tiles to model each polynomial 5 “Tomodel this polynomial, you wil need Sgren xls. | i aa a saat eets : ‘To mode! this polynomial, you will need 2red —x'-tes, 1 green stile, and 3 yellow Tetes. : Goo Monomils such as and —2 are clade tmstecause they have the same Vora othe same poe Potomial Models “Une tre a preci bytes ‘athe te sme sop and 26 Io “+ Azar psirmay be eet by srg ne le ‘ths oppeste. oven enor oat zoo iS ae Fas witout changing te porn tivity 2_ Ai Por Use algebra tle to find (287 3r-+5)+ (22+ 6r—a). En ‘Model each polynomial 5Cre Adding and Subtracting Polynomials continues Combine Hk rane iiehinte TED Witethe polynomial. (2s? ~3¢ +5) + (x? + 6x —4) =e 4 3041 DISET Use alge ties to find (fs 45) = (3041). BEET Mocel the polynomial 4 +5. ‘To subtract ~3x + 1, remove 3 red “tiles and I yellow Lil, You can remove tne I-e, but there aren atiles. Ad 32010 palrs of ries. ‘Then remove the3 red —-tes. Write the polynomial. (r+5)=(-3r Ted ‘Model and Analyze Use algebra tiles to model each polynomial. Then draw a diagram of your model. 1-22 2Sra4 a taae ‘Write an algebraic expression for each model. a Use algebra tiles to find each sum or difference. 6 (x24 5x—2)4(Sx7~ 246) 7. (2? + 8r41)—G2-4r—2) 8 (2 +x) - (7 45) | Beplore 1 | Algebra Labs ding and Subtracting Polynomial olChances NewVocabutary pani ‘Sami ‘Soe ofa moron ‘See ofa pot ene sexing sac ‘Common Care ) State Standards ‘Cnt Standards ‘ASSE eres ‘Srnpain ena {AAPR3 Unrstas ‘mate tear ‘Smite penis ‘éatbenata Prctes umes an eign Pernaorngol oon Adding and Subtracting Polynomials \Wiopaianebin © 27, lel tse pw om Sues gute emo stream nanny eon ye sc ite at 1287 ne Us in ‘the numberof units shipped in millions and {ete nnter ase 25 Teenreson 277+ 404+ 128718 theses pais Sint to wisn [Polynomials in Standard Form 4 pty monomia or he sum of ‘monomias, each called aterm ofthe polynomial. Some polynomials have special ‘names. A BOM s the sum of tw monomials, and a tiNOMa isthe sum of tree ‘monomials. Monomial Binomial “inal Be 2247 S141 ‘The Aegte=OEAAONEMTA isthe sum ofthe exponents of alts variables. A ‘onzero constant term hes degree 0, and zerohas no degree ‘The degtetota polyol is the greatest degree of any term inthe polynomial: You can find the degree of « . t Tor z watts 2 ote wate polynomial by finding the degree ofeach = ‘wie term. Polynomials ae named based on their degree. Gormae | ahieee Mone mao Determine whether ech expression is a polynomial. [Fit isa polynomial, find the degree and determine whether itis a mononal, binomial, or trinomial. y= 50 es 4y— Ss tsi yan 8c. Ded {ws ~85.6a ano v onal 8 Ta? +8 vec 7? = J, hen oota mean. | — Casares [WePs aa red a oreo, |S ‘iron GuidedPractice we 18. ~3y2 — 2y + 4y—1 16. 5rx+ 710 10. tort 8x" ieee]‘The terms ofa polynomial can be writen in any order However, polynomials in one variable ae usually written in standard form. The standard/fommofaipolynomial has the terms in orer from greatest to least degree. Inthis form, the coefficient of the fist erm called the Ieaingebefcen. Standard form: “ia — 5x4 42x47 eens ee) Write each polynomial in standard form. Wdentify the leading coefficient. ast +48 — 76 b5y 9-26? Find the degree ofeach term Find the degree ofeach term. Degees 9251 Dee 910 4 3 ‘ott that Polynomial Se? + 4x? — 7 Polynomial Sy 9 —2y! — 6° ‘The greatest degree is 5 “The greatest degree. Therefore the pobmomal canbe Therefore, the polynomial canbe reveitenas 4 31°75, with rewriten as ~2y!~ ey + 5y 9, leading cocticient of With leading coefficient of 2. P cuidedractice 2A, 8-28 4 deh — 39 2B. y+ 59° 292 796+ 10 2) Md and Subtract Polynomials Adkins polynomials ivstves adn the terms, You can group like terms by using ahorizontal or vertical format. Find each sum. a (at +5x—7) 4 (0-47 + 6) ‘Group and combine ike terms. (ats 5-94-48 +e) xt + (4r4)] + [oe te]+ (7+ 3] x eta “2 sis come tae. b (oy +99) + (aay 429 +8) Align like terms in columns and combine. g40243y—5 eosin obi asa ens, (4) 2y? + Ay? —4y +8 ——_Nign and combine fee terms, ay ayy 43 } sideaPractce ‘3A, (5x? — 3y + 4) + (6x — 3x? 3) 8, (y! ~ 3y +7) + (2y° + 2y—2y*— 11) Fi & | tesson 1.1 | Aegan subtracting Plynomias{ stuaytip snag re wey 1. cs ve Yen Andry savers cf apaomatyo.ze ‘Real-WorldLink Ss of tl anans ‘act ncnases ‘Renee. caesar ‘gsc rons Or tla 88 ac yao oes pate le ., You can subtract polynomial by adding it additive inverse To find the aditive inverse of palynoial, ite the opposite of each term as shown 5 a(oe24 27 =6) = 30? =r 46 ae Find each difference. a (3~ 204-204) ~ (ar ~5 43+) i Subtract &x ~5 + 3e7by adding its additive inverse (3=264:28%) -(6r=54.39) The adbeimere a 2 (5-204 209 4(—004 5-109) bosyare ares? [224 Cae] + [20 + 40] + [345] soaps ens oP 6048 conor ems 2% (1p+4 -8) ~(99? 42-9) Alig ike terme in columns and subtract by adding the ative inverse 4p? + 0p? +7p-8 4p? + Op? + Ip — 8 ©) 32-42 EEE 4) — 3p" +p - 2 a= 397+ 16p— 10 > uidedPractice 4k (608 — 3024 64) —(2° 428-2) 4, (By 10+ 57) (7 - y+ 125) -Ading or subtracting integers results in an integer 50 the set of integers is closed under addition and subtraction. Similarly, adding or subtracting polynomials results a polynomial, so the set of polynomials is closed under addition and subtraction, (Een ELECTRONICS The equations P= 7m +137 and C= 4m +78 represent the srumber of cell phones P and digital eameras Csold in m months a an lectronics store, Write an equation forthe total monthly sales Tof phones and cameras. Then predict the number of phones and cameras sold in 10 months. ‘To write an equation that represents the total sales 7 ada the equations that represent the numberof call phonce Pandigital cameras © r+ 137 + 4m + 78 Nm +215, Substitute 10 fr m to predict the numberof phones ane camera sold in 10 months. T=nG0) +25 10 +215 0F 325 ‘Therefore, total of 325 cell phones and digital cameras will be sold in 10 months | > auideaPractice 5 Use the information above to write an equation thet represen the diference inthe monthly sales of cell phones and the monthly sales of digital cameras. ‘Use the equation fo predict the difference in monthly ales in 24 months. : =a +g@ conven Te cost to ena car for day 15 pls $0.15 fr each mile driven Waite a polynomial hat represents the cost of tng aca form ils, bs Ifacais driven US miles, how much woud ioe torent 6 Ifa aris driven 105 miles each day forfour days, how much would it cost torenta car? 4. Ifa cari driven 220 miles each day for seven days, how much would itcost torentacar? 60, MULTIPLE REPRESENTATIONS In this problem, you will explore perimeter and area ‘Geometric Drave thre rectangles that each have a perimeter of 400 fee. ‘bs, Tabular Record the width and length of each rectangle ina table ike the one shown below Find the area ofeach rectangle, CO 2 [am ae 6. Graphical On a coordinate system, graph the area of rectangle 4 in terms of the length, x Use the graph to determine the largest area possible. 4. Analytieal Determine the length and width that produce the largest area, Cae ve, @BS.oRMAUE Cheyenne and Sebastian are nding (23° — x) ~ (9x +317 —2) ihe of thom cone? Explain your ssooning Cheyenne | Sebastian aba edP-2 | | Qsb=n)~ Gm x-2) =) + (Bx r5-2) dn) + nF -2) sda te 2 ont? [REASONING Determine whother each ofthe following statements is reo ils Explain your reasoning. ‘a, Ainomial can have a degree of er. 'b. The order in which polynomials are subtracted does not matter. 63, CHALLENGE Write polynomial that represents the sum ofan oid integer 1 +1 and the next wo consecutive odd integers. @ warns war wy woul you ado subset quaons at represent Sawer stamens Span 65, WING IN MATH Describe how to.add and subtract polynomials using both the vertical and horizontal formats, (G2 ten | Adsnp mds eine‘Standardized Test Practice (6, Three consecutive integers can be represented | 68, Which ordered paris in the solution set of the by s,x-+1, and x +2. What isthe sim of system of inequalities shown in the raph? these three integers? AxGe+ D+?) C343 B43 Drs3 {57 SHORT RESPONSE Whats the perimeter ofa Square wim sides thet mesoute 2x9 un? Hi 68, Jim cuts a boaed in the shape ‘of regular hexagon and. pounds in a mail at each vertex, ‘as shown. How many rubber A(-3.0) C60 bands will heneed to stretch 9 | rubberband across every possible [ra ois) pair of nail? | Fis GM HI 39 ee Prebo Simplify. (es000-19, ave VEE nae aa VE =e "i ne 78, FINANCIAL LITERACY Suppose you buy 3 shirts and 2 pars of slacks onsale at a clothing ‘store for $72. The next day, a friend Buys 2 shirts and 4 pairs of slacks for $96, Ifthe ‘shirts you each bought were al the same price and the slacks were also all the samme Price, then what was the cost of each shirt and each pairof slacks? 22:00.) Graph the following points, and connect them inorder to form a figure. (0 0-5) 78. A(-5,3),8(3, ~8), and C(-2, -3) 80. P(~2, 1), 8,4), RG, 1), and S(0,-2) [GROCERIES Find an approximate metric weight for each item, 090-7) a na we2se Simply. 410207) a5. 20) we. (5eAi0%) or, (-B0tNGuet) 8. [FP 8 [OP 40, (ant) %X—ank2)® 94, (6xy)* 2072" ized 3TT TTT eee LF OEE] Now vy? © uated © Muy apponi © Charme Bots oper fess cos yam ch Steels te onto hat ne leh oft resem stesbe —— chen Fan neem ‘ahaa. classes Ms Books heeds know ba ; ‘2 te on Ssh mites be wth test rah, w+ 8. 1 Petzreial Maitpied by Monomial othe preduct of polynomial and's monomial, you can use the Distributive Property. Find —ar'7t— x49), ENAMEL 8472 — r+ 4) =3rA(732) — (399) + (-304)() —o2sesve mpny ~2ixt — (-323) + (-22¢+) att = 21x 43x — 123? sient rte oo 3x? nice Paney TET ay GuidedPractice Find each produc 1A So¥(—ta? + 22-7) ~66(3d8 — 28-4 +9) ‘We ean use this same method more than once to simplify lage expressions. ‘Simplify 2p(—4p? + 5p) — 5(2p? + 20). 2p(—tp?- 5p) ~ 5(2p? + 20) (ol tin = Qpr(—4p") + onse) + (-8)(2e2) + (5120) isrbuive Per z = + 0p? — 192 — 00 wt : 8p? + (109? ~ 1092) — 100 connie asics Papers = -8 = 10 com aes.[ teot-takingtip | Bes oy ‘ema wth onmeny soma. Youare woe ot cet femuacrck eect | le egoring see oie ‘Real-WorlL ink Inareant yer pet ‘op bases ita strate S7a8bien @ | fake Te aes ges | ‘ram gurmetoste fomeirmrt | | cuisedPracticn ‘Simplify each expresso < 2A, 35x? + 2x4) —a(722 420-3) Be Greys +5978) = fay +47) ‘We can use the Distributive Property to multiply monomials by polynomials and solve rel world problems. Sass ‘GRIDDED RESPONSE The theme fora school dance is net “Solid Gold.” For one decoration, Kana is covering 1a trpezoid-shaped piece of poster board wit ‘metallic gold paper to look like a bar of gold. Ifthe height of the poster board is 18 inches, how much met in square inches? ite paper will Kana need ae Read the Test Hom ‘The question is asking you to find the area ofthe trapezoid with a height of and bases of + Land 2+ 4 SoWve the Tet Hom ‘ite an equation to represent the area of the trapezoid Let by = Ir etby = 2h +4 and let t= height ofthe trapezoid. aati +69 rasta hope = P+) + Abe AY onesie anse = hia +5) ant iy ade cave ope Sas? + S09 tow =51 sooty Kana will ned 531 square inches of metallic paper. Ged in your response of 831 ) ouidedrractce 2, SHORT RESPONSE Kachima i making triangular bandanas forthe dogs aa cas inher pet cla The bac ofthe bandana ithe length ofthe olla: with 4 nches acted to ech end fo it on, The height i ofthe colar length A rKachima’e ohne eile ong of 1 inches Row much fabric does she eed in unre inches? 8. 1f Kachina makes a bandana fr her rend’ cat with inch collar how ‘mh fabri does Kachima need in square inches? = o@‘Delve Equations with Polynomial Expressions We can se be Distributive Property to solve equations that involve the products of sonoma and polfoniss { stuaytip | Combining Like Terms When Solve 2a(Sa ~ 2) + 3a(2a + 6) +8 = alda + 1) + 2atoa — 4) + 50. smatvsteseenes (| ayy — 2 stn 6) +8 lle 3) +2460 8)+80. omen |) ie around ane sat o ike ‘10a? = a + 6a? + 180 + 8 Vistrbutive Property | temsareame and | Yea? + a+ 8 = M60 = 74 +50 Cote ie \=ecceeeell Myeo 450 toe non eh owes 2a(S0 — 2) + 30(2n +6) + 8 = oda + 1) + 266 ~4) +50 2(2,5(2) = 2} + 3122) + 6] + 8 2 24(2) +1) + 200162) — 4] + 50 48) + 6(10) + 8 £209) +418) +50 4 32460484 18-432 +50 satiny 100= 1004 eda sue uidedPractice Solve each equation. AA DG + 4) 47 = (e+ 8) Dele +1) TD 4B. did +3) — dtd ~ 4) = 94-16 Crean ony Example 1 Find each product. 1, SB? + 20 ~4) 2 62859 + 462+ 105-1) 2. nin? + 242m +58) 4. 3p ape — gph? —5) @2airate? + 04-20) 6. eNGal” — 28M 44?) Example 2 Simplify each expresso 7. Wa 4180+ 4) 481-1) 8 xGr%+4) 4201-3) 9, —raldhe? 4d? 4 2%) + cdc? ~ 3) 10, ~Sc%@u"x THe?) + 69104 ~ 4 ~ 347) 11, GRIDDED RESPONSE. Marene is buying a new plasma television. The height of the sereen ofthe television is one haf the width plus 5 inches. The width is 30 inchor. Find the height of tha serean in inches. Solve each equation. 12, 6011 —20) =7(-2— 20) 13. 1a 3) 4 M4, 2041) 4027-40 15. 3y-2) +2 16, ofa +3) + (06) + 35=a(0—5) +0047) AT. nu = 4) + (0 + 8) = (0 ~ 13) + nf +1) 416 GB 16 | tes0n 12 | muting oro by 2 MononaExample 2 Example 3 Examle 4 18, Wo? 12641), 19, f+ f+ 25) 20, Sn? = Won 42425). 274/> 157 +3)+2) 22 tprhaye + Spr — 159) 2, sua? — 10 +2) Simpify each expression 24, -2(6:2 + 26-49) 43283) 2, (2+ 20-44) 4 316024 28 AiG 12)+714+5) 21-95-25 + 1432+ 8) 28, 2A PA2 + 2 + 5k) — K-27 + 2424 3) 28, dnt2u3p?— Sup + Bn) + 4p(6n?p ~ 2? + 39) 30, DAMS A new dam being bult has the shape of a trapezoid, The length ofthe base atthe bottom ofthe dar is times the height. ‘The length ofthe base at the top ofthe dam is times the height minus 30 feet 8a, Write an expression to find the area ofthe trapezoidal eross section of the dam. Ifthe helghtof the dam is 180 fect, find the ares ofthis cross section, Salve each equation, @ +519 41-40-43 w(t + 6) 420 =2008 + 70-3) Mts #6) 26 -)=7He4 4) 02-2) 48 BM. Ste 1) + ee = 3) = Sle #5) + 5c —3)—30 3. 2—2)~ 107 =F.) = B47 +0) +401) 36, (Ak + 4) + 542+ 10) = Ka +8 240+ 9) Simpy each xpesion. a1 yay +579 12 a Fo00F +5 458 89, 59? %(Aq + 70) + Aqu™(7q?w + 2q) — Sqw(3q?w* + 9) MO, —x7a(Qs? + dc?) 4 xz%Que + Se8a) + 972Gx"2 + Ae) 41, PARKS, A parking garage charges $20 per month plus $0.50 per daytime hour and $025 per hour during nights and weekends, Suppose Trent parks inthe garage for 47 hours in Jaruary and ir of those ae night and weekend hours. hee 1. Find an expression for Trent’s January bill Find the cos if Trent had 12 hours of night and weekend hours. 42. 435 MODELING Che is building a dog house for his new puppy. The upper face of the dag house is a trapezoid Ifthe height ofthe trapezoid {S12 inches, find the area ofthe face of this piece of the dog house. =a vo@Temi) Multiplying Polynomials cmon dlstate ta epaiclbtiis len Ee = cessmemrm” Euan Use algebra tiles to find (v-+ 3) (+4). ‘The rectangle will havea width of x +3 and a length of x +4, Use algebra testo muzk ofthe dimensions ona product mat. Then complete the rectangle with algebra tes. Pann ‘The rectangle consists of 1 blue xt, 7 green stiles, and 12 yellow Tis, ‘The area ofthe rctangle is? + 7x + 12.80, (e+ 3)(v+d) are e+ 1D, Use algebra tiles to find (x —2)(2~5). (BETED tne rectangle wil havea width ofr = Band alenghofs—3 Useigera estomarcoitine slimensons ona product mat, ‘Thentegintomate herectangle =} withalgeba bles zi [BEI Determine wether to use 10 yellow Iles or ns 1 red —1tles to complete the rectangle. The area ofeach yellow tes the product of 1 nd SAPs espace wile 10 yells 1des to complete the rectangle. a ! ‘The rectangle consists of1 blue Ale, Tred ~r-tes, and 10 yellow es. “The area of the rectangle is #2 — 7s + 10. $0.8 )ue= 9) at Fe #10 20 | Explore +3 | Algebra Lab: Multiplying PlynomialsUse algebra tiles to find (x— 4)(2x +3). BEI The rectangle will havea width of :~ 4 anda length of2x +3. Use algebra tiles tomark off the dimensions ‘ona product mat. Then begin to make the rectangle ‘with algebra Hes. Determine what color stile andl what color lest tase to complete the rectangle, The area ofeach red stile Is the product of rand —1, The area ofeach red —I-le is represontod by 1(=1) 0° =. Complete the rectangle with 4 red stiles and 12 red —I-tiles. Rearrange the tiles to simplify the polynomial your save formed, Notice that a3 zero pairare formed. by three positive sn theee negative tiles. ‘There are 2 blue x*tiles, 5 red —r-tiles, and 12 red ~All: In simplest frm, (= tN 1 8) = ‘Model and Analyze Use algebra tile to find each product. 1 Ge Dred) 2-3-2) 3 (+5)x-0) 44+20r+9) 5. = Der 6 (+ M2r-9) Iseach statement treo false? Justify your answer witha drawing of algebra tiles. 7. = Mle=2 =x? 6x48 B (FD r +5) 7415 ‘8, WATING I MATH You can also use the Distributive Property to find the produc of two binomial. The figure atthe right shows the model for GE )ce4+3) separated ino four parts Wire a sentence or two expaing Iho this model shows the use ofthe Distributive Property.Multiplying Polynomials Le {gids © Bent ihe el eve. an ac parol y DyusrgaeFOL etn aa mo cag Ba oh tone mee fans one torie b pice etna yer ‘De igo rb lb oe See epay, tin ecesarh 3 ebm wc ‘ube on oa chon 49-1. sppmcnate hea oes, rovers 4+ NewVocabulary 1 MuttelyBinomiats To mutty wobinomias sch ash — 92 nd + 11, rae) the Distributive Property is used. Binomials can be multiplied horizontal aaa perky iplied horizontally orverea, common cre Gammon core, | Find each product. Covet cre nares) Fro : ee Egret Maly by Malplybys. Combine ike terms Sone ancee ats ats 243 oncom) writs waits eget Serratia oe atts = — Satis and mutiny pelynorials. + 3x B+ ae attarateal Prato Teor a nt ede BH LS HIS SQr+3)210r+15 xr 43) “a Cn (x 3Ne+5) = 2 +5)-+.3er45) ees sm ol pos Delt 10+ 3e4 13 Dale Popey Bet fia 13 bine be -21G+0) TAIT Multiply by 4 Multiply by 3x Combine Uke terme. x-2 a2 x-2 Goared Gosred ose es “ro oo © My -2) mar -8 =3 6r E e+ 4)— 28x44) sowie astedifewrerot wo soe y+ Ar 6-8 horinoe rs ye 2-8 Conti te tne Be teesp exercise AA. (3m + 4) + 5) 1B. By — 2Yy +8) ‘A shortut version of the Distributive Property for multiplying binomials i called FOIL method. the! “To mut to rai, fhe sum oe products of Fe Fsttws, ‘te Outs, he meters, Land the Laster. rangle Probetol — Pedctol Pedal ot 54 Rates Queens teams tems ee } i 1 Ry = + oe + ah + ae Ramet deo = Rye Find each product. 2 Gy 7160+) 5 OF Pau ep = ayn + age +708) 41-7989 os Cantina. b, a—si2a—9) (4a 520-9) "= (a) 2a) + (4a)-9) + (-8)20) + (-8H-9) Fv tos a — 360 = 10 + 45, ust ar? = 46 4 45 cance er p suidedPractice 2A (e+ 3ee—4) 2B. (4b —5)8 42) 26. @y—SKy-6) 20. (50-4243 ~4) [Notice that wen two linear expressions are multiplied, the results a quadratic expression. A i at expression in one variable wil a degiee (of 2 When three linear expressions ace multiplied, the result nas a degree of 3. ‘The FOIL method can be used to find an expression that represents the area of rectangular abject whon the lengths ofthe sides ate given as binomials. agReal-World Exarle 3 ‘SWIMMING POOL. A contractor is building a deck ‘around a rectangular swimming pool. The deck iss feet from every side of the pool. Write an ‘expression for the total area of the pool and deck. ‘Understand We need to find an expression forthe total area ofthe pool and deck, Plan Find the produc of the length and width ofthe pool withthe deck Save. Since the deck isthe same distance from every side of the foo, the length and width ofthe pool are 2x longer. So, the length can be represented by 2c + 20 and the width can be represented by x + 15 ‘Area =length = width deaolavecarge = (2r + 20,0 +18) sibettuton (2s)2x) + (2s)(05) + (20N2s) + (OILS) FOL wetoe 242430 A + 300 sun 242470 +300 Cone ee. '$o, the ova area ofthe deck and poo is 2 + 70x + 30, heck Choose a vale for x. Substitute this value ino 2x + 20)2x-+ 15) and “AP 70x + 300 The result shouldbe the same for both expressions. > cuideaPracice 4 Ifthe pool is 25 fet lng and 20 feet wide find the area ofthe pool and deck ‘Q MalinyPoiomlats Te Dsus Popery cn stoke we uli any 0 polynomial Find each product. a, (6x + 5i(2x2— 3x5) Ge Syl22— v8) = 6r(2x?~ 3x5) 45l2e7—sx— 5) osezsie Pope = 182? = 30r+ Oe 159 =25 as 12s — x? — 45x —25 ‘Combine tke tens. b (2y?+ 39 —1)(04? ~ 5y +2) (ey? + 3y—1)(99? — 5y +2) = 2909? 5 +2) + 3497259 +2) - 1972-59-42) ive Peony = by — 10y? + 4y? 4 9y9— 154? + 6y —3y?+5y—2 ——suinty tayo uy ety =2 conti ens > GuidedPractice 48. Gr — 528 +7x-8) 48, (n+ 2 —3) (on? —7m +5) (Bm eon 13 InigoCEA) Examples 1-2Find each product. 1. (r+ Sie) 2y-20 +4) BR b- M43) 4 ns 31049) 5. e143) 6 n+ 9150-6) Example’ 7, FRAME Hugo is designing a frame a shown at the right. The frame has a width of x inches all the way around. ‘White an expression tht represents the total area ofthe picture and frame. Find each product. 8 @1-9)(307 + 4a —4) 8 (ay? ~3)(ay? + 29 +2) 10, (x? 4x + 5)(5s? + 3-4) 14, (212 +3 ~6)(5u? ~ 2 ~ 8) CER ences ‘Examples 1-2 Find each product 1-49) 13. +10) -5) 14 (61+ 5)60 +3) ev tne +9 16 Gy nay 0) 17. (64 —5)tud—) 1B. (Sh +5)20+3) — 18.7n—6N7n 6), SYA) 2. r+ 716-7) 2 (Bw +4:)50~61) 2B. (12 -5y)=+29) Example 324, GARDEN A walkway surrounds rectangular garden. The width ofthe garden is Examle & |B et, and the length is 6 eet. The width x ofthe walkway around the garden {athe same on every side. Write an expression that represents th total area of the garden and walkway. Find each produc. 28. ~My? ~3y +2) 26. (424.708 + 20-7) 2. (uw? — Sm + 4)(m? + 7m —3) 28, (x? + 5x—1)(5x? -6x +1) 2. (3 - 4b - 7)(2b2 —b - 9) 80, (62 ~ Sz - 2)(32 - 22-4) ‘Simplify. IB. (x + 2fln2-+3n 6) + (n? 20 +9)] 2 [2 +318) -(@-2+6)]e-9 ‘@ srucrune Fin an expression to represent the aren of ach shaded eon. a| omy sg ‘he FOL mee. Common Care ‘State Standards ‘Content standards fomenas om esse {angus ep ‘ame. hey oe cose the be ens ‘aa srt, ngayon, Matematc! Practice: Sk oan epee "ey nas rong Special Products ri Fn sees of sums Coty wats atcha darts oa sed otences, sare pect cotter. a rad ot te aoa + 12 how lye does Fete pout 2 ree cd acne, swe conor nes oe? aby nor at he ameter te arate + 12)0r2r-+ 24. ach ie oft sqae als mezaes 2+ 24.0 ew mu cakes eed, Cyr fo te ate he sua: A= Br --24% 1 Stuates of Sums and bitterences come ruin oftinomials sch a squares like (2-+-24)% have products that follow a specifi patter, Using the pattem can make multiplying ezsiet. The square of asum (+ B)*or (a+ ba +b, rama as et ee ikea a “= a Worss The square a+ is th square ofa ls we he i ode of and ps the sar ob , Somos (a4 OP (a4 Hat Example (e+ AF = 4 a+ = #42004 =a 18 Find Gx + 5). (aro Gre +2ab + 62 + 2K5) + 5? 2924308 +25 Simpy Us FO check yu sation GuidedPractise Find each product 1A Be + 34)? Greayt“Theres also a patter forthe square of diference. Weitea — basa + (~H) and square ising the square of a sum pattern. (- b= + (OF BEF 2-H + (OF Semvelsnn met as bt Sing aE Square of aDitlerence ‘Wwce The squaeofa— bie tw aur af amir wee the roductofaand bps the square of | Smile (a= (2— Wa~ 9 Example x -3)*= (4-343) | seo =P 6rr9 eam Find @x ~ 5%. (0-92 =e Dab 4 Sworeota cites Qs ~5y)?= (9? ~ 220454) + Gy)? = 2rant y= 5y a Aat = DOry + 259? Si GuldedPractce Find each product, 2. (6p = 1, 2B. (2 = 289° ‘The product ofthe square of a sum oF the square ofa diference is called a perfect square trinontal, We can use these to find patterns to solve rea-word problems. PHYSIOAL SCIENCE Each edge of cube of aluminum is 44 centimeters less than each edge of a cube of copper. Write an equation to model the surface area ofthe sluminum cube. Let = the length of each edge ofthe cube of copper ‘So, each edge ofthe cube of aluminum ise ~ 4 SA a6 Ferrata fr ctacn rs aesbe SA= 6-4 apse ste 4 SA =6le? = 206) + #7) Sure ot aeses SA= 62-8 +16) ‘Sty. GuidedPractice 4, GARDENING Alano has a garden that ig feet long and g fet wide, He wants to ‘add 3 feet tothe length and the width [A Show how the new area ofthe garden can be modeled by the square of binomial B. Find the square of this binomialProduct of a Sum and a Ditference Now we wil see what the result is hen we multiply a sum and a difference, or (a+ b(@ ~ 0) Recall hata ~ Bean. bewrtten a2 + (8). ari) [Notice thatthe mile terms are opposites and add toa zero pair 50 (0+ Dla ~ b) wa? ~ ab + ab — bE = @t — Be 1cept Product ofa Sum and a Dfierence The prott of @ + banda ~ bis he sure of amis thasquareot Symodls (a4. ha. eters Vw Wa Find (2 4.90729), + ble) =a? Prod! an erence 22+3)22 3) = x47 —G) arta rt —9 singit > GuideaPractice Find each product. 4 Gn+2Gn—2) 4B, e ~ 70)4e + 74) Ceara ny Examples 1-2Find exch product. hess? aaa Oem 4 0m-90n-) 8 —ANE—8) Bes ° 7. SETS. The color of Labrador eves frie geaicDaegees bn are dominant over yellow genes yA dog with genes DD or Dy wil have ‘dark fur. Adog with genes yy will have yellow fur Pepper's genes forfur | py ‘olor ate Dy, and Ramiro's are yy. d a. White an expression forthe possible fur colors of Pepper's and Ramiro's puppies. 'b. What isthe probability that a puppy will have yellow fur? B20 tse sc nots s[e-Ceneen 8 @—3\0+9) & (r+ 5)e-5) 10. (y - 716479 11, 01+ 9191-6) fimo i Examples 1-2Find each product. Example 3 Example 12. (0+ 10(0-+10) 13. 0-6-6 4 7 15 +62 16. 6m 11.0-297 18. ab +3? 19, 61-292 20. (h~ any? 2, GENETICS The ability to rol your tongues inherited Te genetically from parents if ether parent has the dominant [nya frit 7. Children of two parents without the tat will not beable oll thar tongues ifaie {Show how the combinations can be modeled by the square ofa sum. bs Predict the percent of children that will have both dominant ‘genes, one domunant gene, and both recessive genes. Find each product 2.43) -3) @v+n0-n 24 @4312—29 25. 424+) WB. (2y+500q—5) Bt (447030270) 2 Gy +7? 23 (6 1092 (10s = 2408 +2) ‘BY, t+ 1203" ~ 12) 82. (a + 4b)? 38. (3 - 57)? HM. Qe— 9a 38 G+ 5H 3. (6y~ 13464 +19) (304 —A)l50448) 98 (502 =F 28, (5 969)? + 56) a. (2457 41. Gy)? 12, (728+ 59°)(72— 5°) 48. n+ 32m 340048) A (4240 9K 20045) 4s, GS SENSE MAKING Write a polynomial tat represents thearenof = #48 the figure at theright. ii 46, FLYNGDISKS A yng disk shaped ke a rls arc of fl (x+3inches. = 2. Write an expression representing the area ofthe fying disk: 'b Ahole with a radius of x ~ 1 inches is cut inthe center ofthe disk. Write an expression fr the remaining area GEOMETRY Find the area of each shaded region. a. “. At ne | se el© uses disttuve © Prope ete expres ig NewVocabulary terng fat by ein Zero Pec Pope ) Sommon Core State Standards Content standards reeson oi veer Srestee ure be uatrematcl Practices Phen stint amb Using the Distributive Property Tir ee Detiote © The coat rote Co tre Prone actor glared yt quar lage oii fe space Te area te ‘ane ode oy be ent ove eautons i + i ewe he tn ‘wa ofthe ie net We cn een (efector ath Zoo Prost Propet tf poste dens be st, 1 Use the Distributive Property to Factor You have used te Dstbutive Property to multiply 2 monomlal by a polynomial, You ean work backward to express a polynomial 25 the product of a monomial factor and a pelynomial factor : 6? + 60 = Lut) + 6(0) Srl. + 6) So, t(1.6w +6) the factored form of L.6u + 6. Reta a polynomial involves Finding the completdy factored form. Use the Distributive Property tofacor each polynomial. zy? + by Find the GCF ofeach tem =Q-9-3- Fa eh tem “D-DD cee cnn et GOF=3-3-yorsy ‘Write each term asthe product of the GCF and the remaining factors. Use the Distributive Property to factor out the GCE. By? + 18y =993/) +9419 ewe ah omen 94042) Dee apy ted — Bab? + 20 a 1-D-2-@eaD — setrcnntom Bab? = 1-B)-2:2-G)-B)-b cree commento TOO E 2a GCF =2-a-bor2ab Aa) — Sab? + 2nb = 2aly—20) — ab(Ab) + 2nH(1) Roisin 2abi—2a~ ab + 1) tata erty Guldedrracice 18. 15: — 30 788 4 20a — utUsing the Distributive Property to facto polynomials with four or more termes called factoring byrgrouping because terms are put into groups and then factored ‘The Distibutive Property is then applied toa common binomial factor ‘GKeyConcepi Factering by Grouping _ = Werés Apoyo cane fared by grouping onal of he flowing conto exist ‘Tet are our or mare tes. | ‘Tes nave common factor that canbe grouped toe + Threat wo cmon acts tat ae Kel ave ers each oe. Symls ark elbay + bys (ax Bt + (ay + ar + fase) = Gre ea Fattordqr + 8r+ 39+ 6 Agr 8+ 3g46 al expen (gr + 82) + (9+ 6) ‘huts wth noma fos. = 4g +2)+.8g +2) Faure GCF wom each ea, “Natce that (g +2) s common in both groups, soit becomes the GCF. =r +2) iss Papal BuldedPractice Factor each polynomial. = mn -+50—r—5. 28, Sup + 15p— sn = 20 [rean be helpful to recognize when binomi ‘example 6 =0 = =1(0 =6). StudyTip Factor otk ~ Hm +42 — 7k 2k — 120+ 42 —7k (mk — 120)-+ 42-78) Gowen win common nts = 2k 6) + 76-8) Fac eG om ane go. = nik) + 71-14-11 1-6) = 2k 6) = 70-6) Asanti Pg =0m-74k-6) ee Pet GuldeaPractice Tactor each polynomial. We ~2ed + 84-4 98, 3p - 29? — 107 + 27WatehOut ie a 8 ‘enoig tse an enn yang oar soy Be ib Howes te vaiabe nas eneicoen | aos yeu may te ig | Seema | Solve Equations by Factoring Some equations can be solved by fa Deiat love “ weores 30) =0 02-2) 3140) =0 01025) =0 Notice that in each case, a least one ofthe factors is 0. These examples are demonstrations ofthe ‘FikayCareept tro Prodet Pope —_ : Wee poet ie ara oes te. Simbols For anyrea numbers aand 1 = 0.tan a = 0, b= O,orbuh aan beni er, er eee! Recall that solution or rot of an equation i any’ valve that makes the equation true. ih Solve each equation, Check your solutions. 8 G4 +0G4—15)=0 (24 + 6,4 15) =0 Osa egaion 24620 oF 3415. or Frabet Proprty 2m 6 «= 15 sone eaeh oct, 4-3 a wie The roots are Band 5. (HECK Substitute ~3 and 5 ford inthe original equation, Qd+08A-15)=0 — Qd+-6)Bd-15)=0 2-3) +6169 -15]20 (26) +6136) ~ 15] 20 (-649(-9-120 — (19+.605-15) 20 (K-29 20 1640) £0 onov onov Pax cg exatn e-K=0 Sut cam ees gto eu. e-3) =0 Facer ing EF opt ee a 0 620 of ¢-3=0 to homethapery ‘The rootsareQand3, owsoy sting 02nd3 ee > suidedPractios 4k Sn(o +2) =0 1, ai? 40H =0 At, 2 = tor GG) 28 | eon 15 | ung te onto operES AGILITY Penny is a Fox Terrier who competes with her trainer in the agility ‘course. Within the course, Penny must leap over a hurdle. Penny's jump can be ‘modeled by the equation = ~16t" + 20, where isthe height of the leap in Inches at second. Find the values off when hm 1612 +201 (hil eqn 160? +208 seestan, = 0 a+ 5) Facer baie or -at+5=0 or Pate ropry Ieal-WorldLink cuideaPracice Factor each polynomial. 1h tix 42 1B ¢4 10+? ‘when factoring 2 tinomial in which be negative and cis positive, use what you now about the product of binomials to narzow the ist of possible factors. eens eer) actor x? — x +12. Confirm your answer using a graphing calculator. In this tinomia, | dc = 12 Since cis postive and bis negative, you need to find to negative factors with a sum of ~8 and a product of 12. =13 =s 7 ‘comet ars end PBs Dale mere wowbeosen Tena) mentees ‘CHECK Graph y =x? ~ Br + 12and y = (2 —2)%e—6) ‘nthe same screen Since only one graph {appears the two graphs must coincide. “Theeefre, dhe tinomial has been factored ooreelly. ¥ cuideaPractco (Srey tw +28 (46 cen svg? on=< beat le he sce ‘mbar fom son ‘ert, ten positive and which is negative, look atthe sign of b, The factor with the greater lus has the same sgn 38 : ‘When cis negative its factors have oppesite signs. To determine which factors Factor each polynomial, Confirm your answers using a graphing calculator. at42r-15 Inthis rinomial, b= 2and ¢ = ~15. Since cis negative, the factors m and phave opposite signs. So ether m orp is negative, Dut not both. Since bis positive, the factor with the greater absolute value is also postive. List the factor of ~15, where one factor of each par is negative. Look for the pair of factors with a sum of Factors | Sumof of=15_|_ Factors 115 | a3 2 Tecoma acter Pp 2e 152 (e+ mle?) Wile te pte = Bi + 5) n= tandpes GHEDK (2 = 3Ys-+5)= x24 5e—3e—15 oats HPD 15¥ slows | stares In this tinomial, b= ~7 and ¢ = —18. Either m or pi negative, but nat both. Since is negative, the factor withthe greater absolute value is also negative. List the factors of -18, where one factor of each pat is negative. Look forthe pair of factors with a sum of ~7. Factors os =17 zo | 7 3-6 3 the cacao we on 8 Pareles mer ty) Wie te pte e+ 2K —9) p= 9 \GHECK Graph y =:x* ~ 7x ~ 1B and y = (x +210 —9) on the same screen ui io ators ‘The graphs coincide, Therefore the winomial hasbeen factored corey. ) suidearactce By By —Solve Equations by Factoring A quadgatleequation can be writen in the standard form ax? + bx + ¢ =O, where a # 0. ome equations of the form “+ bx +. Ocan be solved by factoring and then using the Zero Product Property. ») | Solves? + 6x: —— 7. Check your solutions. StudyTip P46 7 Wigatequton Sehog an Eqn By 460-270 Subiat 2r a ch ie. Facing famantecioaet () Ge —3\¢¢5 5) = Few Dencassisattwonatin | | OTST or rt eo il Moony bee eng Svea eq. " ‘The roots are3 and —9. CHECK Substitute 3 and ~9 for xin the original equation Pao P4627 oF +60) (9)? 4-9) 227 9+BL7 B1ss227 mane D cutvedPractice Solve each equation. Check your solutions 4a 2-32-70 48, 2430-180 Factoring canbe useful when solving real-world problems CER DESGN Ling is designing poster. The top of the posters 4 inches long and the rest ofthe poster is2 inches longer than the width. Tf the poster requires 616 square inches of poster board, find the width w of the poster Understand) You want to find the width of the poster, Pan Since the poster is a rectangle, width - length = area, Save Lotw = the width ofthe poster The length isw+2+40rw +6, Real-WorldLink ewan tt pes iw +6)=616 ——_Vielbe atin, setagereonnme werew=6l6 holy ‘once bs revert wi + 6-616 =0 vac 66 on xh ie, si al ib usd ly (w+ 28,w— 2) =0 ate, ees Fors ec re an ence ea sree ‘protean tod a W428 w-2 rors open w= 22 ‘eh earnest, ‘Since dimensions cannot be negative, the width is 22 inches, ‘Check. IF the width is 22 inches, then the area of the postr is 22» (22 +6) oF 616 square inches, whichis the amount the poster requires. GuidedPractice ‘5. GEOMETRY The height ofa parallelogram is 18 centimeters less than its base the area is 175 square centimeters, what sits height? FB 20 tens | svg? anyonA Examples 1-SFactor each polynomial. Confirm your answers using a graphing calculator. tate not 2am Baten 21 4 m= 15m + 50 Example Solve each equation. Check your solutions. 5.x? 4r-2180 6 an +220 T8-1r+54=0 Baty ite -32 ast-x-2=0 10 2105-24 Example 11. FRAMING Tina bought frame fora photo, but the photo is too big forthe frame. ‘Tina needs to redvce the width and length ofthe photo by the same amount. The area of the photo should be reduced to half the original are. If the original photo is I2 inches by 16 inches, what will be the dimensions of the smaller photo? Ceneen cee Examples 1~3 Factor ach polynomial. Confirm your answers using a graphing calculator. tee ta yy 472 181-48 15 9? 24 35 Tes sh Hit 17. 0-43 18-2104? 19. 42— mtn? Example € Solve each equation. Cheek your solution m 2-74 2=0 @vry-0 2 t-6=27 B24 1a=—18 mM 2414920 818 28, 12 = 120= 7 21, 2456= 28. 2-90 = 15y 29,12 +48 = 168 [Example 5 30. GEDMETRY A triangle hasan are of 36 square fet. If the height ofthe triangle 's 6feet more than its base, what are its height and base? 431. GEDMETAY A rectangle as an area represented by x? ~ 4x —12 square feet, Ifthe length is + + 2 feet, whats the width ofthe rectangle? '82, SOCCER The width of a high school soccer Feld is 45 yards shorter than its length 4. Define a variable, and write an expression for the area ofthe field ‘by, The area of the field is 9000 square yards. ‘ind the dimensions. & srmwcruas Factor each polynomial 38. P+ Mgr +182 Mt thay Sy 28 6oy 45? 98, 02 + 100b — 3008 o@Solving ax“ + bx +c=0 rid (© of Fatortinomls © The pat ano th amusarent oe frm axes tte ican be fm + ae Det oddledy 18854120. Save equtins ‘Facets pessin cn het = em ‘te comers determine now og ae oe or ier on he a i. i] Mewocabulary | 4 Factor 2x2 + + In the ast son, you factored aundraticepreions of ee oni the form ax? + bx +c, where 2 = 1. In this leson, you will apply the factoring ‘methods to quadratic expressions in which isnot 1 “Th dimensions ofthe rectangle formed by the algebra tiles are the factors of| 2x4 5x43. The factors of 3? + 5x + 3arex-+ Land 2x +3. ‘You can also use the method of factoring by grouping to solve this expression. EIDE Apply the pater 20? + 5x 43= 2c? + mx + pr+3. IEE Find two numbers that havea productof 2-3 o¢6and a sum 35. Factors Sumof ol6 Factors 16 7 23 5 Use grouping to find the factors, DAES +3=2E tm bX +3 —volbe pan atte 2433 a zindpns = @s?+2294Br+ 3) sp tems wih coon. s2x( 41) +3604 1) he cor = 2reHr+1) iste canon ‘Therefore, 2x2 +543 = 28-4.3\s+ 1) Wands Toft inom of frm a? +f + cfc two neers, mana wth a sum of Dané a ros of az Ten wie a + x-+ 088? + mx pr and ar by oun. fame SP 18r+8=8 1-346 m= —soasp= a ik 2+ ( Ye—2) | r= BY 2) De mens[ study 1 fest Coan Fs feo a te ‘Smeuaponenctice | renee Real-WorldCareer ‘pa amr an pane dean be ado ea Toy eo ‘roa eet lant and googie ewe ars ‘og an ae tbs ‘Beery here ty Hersh eters {exes npg ad Stet a ae 3 t's epee th Factor each trinomial. att 424 In this trinomial, a= 7, b= 29, and ¢= 4. You need to find two numbers with sum of 29 and a product of «4 oF 28. Mabe ist ofthe factors of 28 and look forthe pairoffctors with the sum of 29. Factors Sum of 0128 Factors 1,28 8 ‘We cored actrse 16 28 TPAD LAAT Ame pd — so Bepaen. a7 4tr b+ 4 atentp= 2 (7x24 18) + Bx +4) cow ere wih common fo Br 1) 440841) trie cor +44) 7 Nth comm bate ise+ 18 ‘The GCF of the trms 3, 18x, and 18 is 3. Factor this firs. be? 4 1S +18 362 e+ 6) etic Prone e+ 3M +2) Fed actor of waa sumo, P GuidedPractice TA 5x24 13 +6 1B, 6x 4 20-8. Sometimes the coefficient ofthe x-term is negative. + Factor Sx — 175-4 20 In ths trinomial,a =3,b = ~17, and c= 20 Since bis negative, m + p will bbe negative. Since is positive, mp willbe postive “To determine mand p, list the negative factors of ac or 60. The sum of mand should be =17 Factors of 60. =2,-30 =32 -3,-20 2 9 5-2 7 ‘a coma nts are Sd 12 Bet 178+ 20-2322 — Ie 5420 ma -teandp=—5 12) + (C8e-+20) couples wtnconmensctrs, atx) +(-5Xe—4) Fase (Gx — 54x 4) tba Prpery P GuideaPractoe 2A 2? n= 1 28, toy? 35y +30 EE] » 9Roal-WerldLink tae ee at ‘im ie wr chy ‘SeasotuptoO neh races ta ions es ecru {ors ett pot Tee Watohdut! asp thet Dong ‘weary bo" bates acre et rang deat atte ap or may bah | seer ( {A polynomial that cannot be writen as a product of two polynomials with integral coefficients is called a Ea ah Factor dx? — 3x +5, if possible. Ifthe polynomial cannot be factored using integers, write prime, In this trinomial, a = 4, b= ~3, and ¢=5. Since bis negative, m + pis negative. Since cuicesPractce 4, PHYSICAL SCIENCE A person throws ball upovard from 3 506foot all building. The ball’s height iin fet after seconds is given by the equation = 162 +48! + 506, The ball Inds on a balcony thats 218 feet above the _ground, How many seconds was tin the air? Fo men sven at seene nnESE Examples 1-3 Factor each polynomial if pos Integers, write prime. 13417410 22 +2 +56 e. Ifthe polynomial cannot be factored using asta ared 4a? tne—20 Example 4 Solve each equation. Contin your answers usinga graphing calculator, Bt toto 324178420 7. 3e = 10r+8=0 28-1490 9. GBS MODELING: Ken throws the discus at a schoo! meet. 2 Whatis the ital height of the discus? After how many seconds does the discus hit the ground? pateteaees 8 ‘Examples 1-2 Factor each polynomial if possible. Ifthe polynomial cannet be factored using, integers, write prime. wossae2e | @aeweea —wateans.i0 watssere7 — w2e—3e-9 18.4 1ar410 16274 3046 17. 5x? +344 18, 127 + 69x +45 ® Example & 22, SHOT FUT An athlete throws. shot put with an initial upward velocity of 29 feet per second and from an inital height of feet. 2. Write an equation that models the height ofthe shot putin fet with respect to time inseconds. ». After how many seconds will he shot put hit the ground? B47 m0. 5x24 23x +24 23x? 8x 415 Solve each equation. Confirm your answers using a graphing calculator, 23, 22 49x-18=0 24, ax? 4 17e 4 15=0 5 0 25 3 + 26 = 16 28. 2024 130 21, 302 + 5 28, BASKETBALL When Jerald shoots fre throw the bal is 6 feet from the loor and has an initial upward velocity of 20 feet per second, The hoop is 10 feet from the oot ‘2. Use the vertical motion model to determine an equation that models Jral’s free throw. 'b, How long i the basketball inthe air before it reaches the hoop? «Raymond shoots a fee throw thats 5 foot 9 inches from the floor with the same initial upward velocity. Wil the bal be in the ai more or less time? Explain, 30, DING Ben dives from a 36foot platform, The equation f= ~160* + 148 +36 ‘models the dive, How long will take Ben to each the water? 2 28, ~4* + 19 3seo wwieune ‘roma abo ami NewVocabulary rece fo ues {Gormmon Coro ‘State Standards omen stanarts ‘Assen frbraenta ‘rsa be Sorta trson ‘Ana sae gta ‘ae et pare Differences of Squares Fecoriemil tht © Compt gis desaers tte editonce oie acontrtin ota ‘snare inaheracs 9s den ‘agen nd view Tay ve nnedtenee So ren rae epee ahe {ines on computers. Factoring “equations, - canta edema be ‘mene an ehpe Inetigaes 1 Faster ferences af Squares You have previously ered about the product ofthe sum and ifference of two quanti. This resulting products referred toa the dferenceof eo squares. So, the factored form ofthe diference of ‘squares is called the product ofthe sum and difference ofthe two quantities. ‘Troyioncept difeeree of Squrea Smt (04 Hla Hole Was frames 225 m4 hx. e—5HC4 8) Pett aH Bort ants 8 Dees rT Factor each polynomial 2. 16K? — 907 : 1612 — 942 = (48)? ~ Ga)? Weten nef to = (Wr + 30)th 30) Fosarne teen etege. bata 121 = 452 = (a Wee inte fam ot =, (= 25N11 +26) Foch steer eter. erg -3¢ Because the terms have a common factor, actor out he GCF Hist “Then proceed with other factoring techniques. Ug? ~ 3g =29(9¢" -1) = 39109) - 0] Facto th GO 4208 — 10Z-+1) —_Reweiesorwedspaen 2 p cuideuPractce wesi-e 1B 64g? 12 16. 99° ax 10-47 +y‘Tefactor a polynomial completely, «technique may need tobe applied more than ‘once. This also applies tothe difference of squares patter. Factor each polynomial. ab 16 16 = 0? - F ite sina tem =e +980 Facer tors tsa = 0+ 9-2) P= Aiea ito a = (2+ 4(04210-2)—_rosermeormene orn, bes—x 5-34 = 052-7 ite s25— ioe a ee ee = Q54H)G= 33) wiles nest 05-4 325— 295-42) Facurediteece ot spares. > Guldedractice yd 28, tot 4 20. 81-4 20, 16y*=1 ‘Sometimes more than one factoring technique needs tobe applied to ensure that ‘8 polynomial is factored completely Factor each polynomial. a. 5x5 — 450 5x5 45 = Sxx4 9) Face ol OF = 5x7? — BF] Wet xt — 9 in tne orm #2. = Sa? 390743) racer me oon tsa. #3 — 3isnota difference of squares because 3is nota perfect square. bre brut 7x21 me 208 72-21 rate =768 +334 2-3) fact 98. = MG +329) = (0+ 9) 9 ts wn cone ts 274643) 16 +3) cere go. = 760+ 3)0 1) saint 70+ 3M + De —1) cert ores ts ) cuideuractce a 2y! = 50 38 6x! 96 30. 20? tos 0. F462 +1466 = =e]