1.

Discuss about the major behavioral science disciplines that will contribute effectively and
efficiently to the organization and its behavior? Learner can add more information as much as
details from his or her own opinions with examples.

Introduction
We need to know to have a good understanding of the organizational behavior for
effectiveness and efficiency of an organization. organizational is a consciously organized
social unit, composed of two or more people, that functions on a relatively continuous basis
to get a common goal or set of goals.

Organizational behavior is a field of study that examines the effect that individuals,
groups, and structure have on behavior within organizations for the purpose of applying such
knowledge toward improving an organization’s effectiveness and efficiency. Organisational
behaviour is the foundation of human resource management and development. The previous
idea is arranged while the last is worried about the innovation of human development. The
factors impacting human development are logically concentrated under organisational
behaviour.

We also need to know the open systems, closed systems and isolated systems to get
the effectiveness and efficiency of organizational behavior. Is an organization open systems
or closed systems or isolate systems? It is important, because an organization does not get
effectiveness and efficiency if it will use closed systems. Open systems are systems that can
interact between the internal factors and the environment. This system can exchange both
energy and matter with surroundings.

Organization behavior fields have six disciplines that will contribute effectively and
efficiently to the organization and its behavior. These are -

(i)                 Psychology,
(ii)              Sociology,
(iii)            Social Psychology,
(iv)             Anthropology and
(v)               Political Sciences.

Psychology
 Psychology is the science that searches to measure the changes of humans and other
animals. It is the scientific study of the mind and behavior of humans. Psychologists
contribute to the learning process, motivation techniques, personality determinants and
development, perceptual process and its implications, training process, leadership
effectiveness, job satisfaction, individual decision making, performance appraisal, attitude
measurement, employee selection, job design and work stress that are concerned in the field
of organizational behavior.
Learning is important. We should not stop the learning process. Because our knowledge is
not always perfect. For example, an employee starts the job at an organization, he does not
have enough of his graduated knowledge. He must learn about the relevant factors of this
organization. By learning about the relevant factors of the organization, the employee will
perform effectively in the organizational activities. We need to motivate the employees of an
organization. We can motivate to create a friendly work environment, acknowledge
employees’ achievement and rewarding employees, etc.; The Director General of the
Department of Rural Development, he creates a friendly work environment, he is also
creating acknowledge employees’ achievement. For example, by the Covid-19 Economic
Relief Plan, the Department of Rural Development implemented Cash for Work Project and
Village Revolving Fund Project in the period of Covid-19 disease. The organization
successfully implemented both projects. So, The Director General gave the certificate
acknowledged to the individual staff for the success of implementing both projects. He also
creates job satisfaction for the staff, like managing for lunch, perfect commodity goods for
the workplace.
Sociology 
            Sociology is the study of human relationship to their associated human beings. In the
study of sociology participate in public activity, social change, and the social causes and
outcomes of human conduct. Sociologists explore the structure of gatherings, associations,
and social orders and how individuals collaborate inside these specific circumstances. They
have made their most prominent commitment to organizational behavior through their
investigation of gathering conduct in associations, especially formal and complex
associations. The main contributions of sociology in the field of organizational behavior have
been concerned with communication, power, conflict, intergroup behavior, formal
organization theory, organizational technology, organizational change, organizational culture.
Social Psychology

Social psychology is the blending of the concepts of psychology and sociology. Social
psychology is the science that studies how individuals' thoughts, opinions, and practices are
affected by the actual, imagined, or implied presence of others. It is attention to the influence
of people on one another. The major area of Social psychology is the change in how to
implement it and how to reduce barriers to its acceptance. The main contributions of Social
psychology in the field of organizational behavior have been concerned with behavioral
change, attitude change, communication, group processes, group decision making,
communication, power, conflict, intergroup behavior. 

Anthropology 
Anthropology is the scientific study of humankind, worried about human conduct,
human science, and social orders, in both the present and past, including past human species.
Anthropology contributes to comparative values, comparative attitudes, cross-cultural
analysis, organizational culture, organizational environment and power.
Political Sciences
Political Sciences is the study of the manner of individuals and inside of a group or
political environment. Political Sciences contribute to conflict, intra-organizational policies
and power that are concerned in the field of organizational behavior. (Stephen P. Robbins,
Timothy A. Judge, 2015)

References
Stephen P. Robbins, Timothy A. Judge, 2015. Organizational Behavior. In: K. Ellis-Levy, ed.
Organizational Behavior. s.l.:s.n.