Development

Process of MIS
 Steps for development
1. Plan for MIS development
2. Ascertaining the class of information
3. Determining information requirement
4. Development & implementation of MIS
5. Management of information quality in MIS
 Contents of MIS Plan
 1. Decide goals & objectives for development of MIS.
 E.g. to provide online information on stock, markets &
accounts balances.
2. Decide the strategy for plan achievement.
e.g. Development strategy, resource utilization strategy
etc.
3. Architecture of MIS
4. System Development Schedule
5. Hardware & software Plan
Ascertaining the class of
information
 Following classes of information should be confirmed and
information is gathered:
1. Organizational: Number of employees, product,
services, turnover
2. Functional: purchases, sales, production, stocks
3. Decision Support: Status information on a particular
aspect, e.g. profitability standard, inventory. Used by
middle management & operational management
4. Operational: Information on production, sales,
monitoring of execution schedules. Used by operational
management & supervisors.
 Determining information
requirement
 Four methods of determining information
requirements:
1. Asking or interviewing
2. Determining from existing system
3. Analyzing critical success factors
4. Experimentation & modelling
 Interview Techniques
 The designer of MIS puts questions or converses with
the user of information and determines the
information requirements
 Two types of questions can be asked in interviews:
 Open ended questions
 Closed ended questions
 When multiple users are involved to take some
decision, brainstorming is executed.
Determing from existing system

 The knowledge of system can be available on

handbooks, research studies which can determine the
information requirement.
 Existing system can be studied by observation,
referring all documents.
 For observation, the things to be observed should be
decided prior and planned.
Analysing critical success factors

 Critical factors are studied separately.

 Those are identified first, criticality is determined by
designers.
 Information of effects of critical factors are studied
and if required contingency planning is done.
 Experimentation & modelling
 If there is uncertainty in some information, it can be
fixed by experimenting or modelling.
 For experimentation proper method is designed. After
implementation of this method, the information will
be gathered which can be considered certain & fixed.
 Sometimes the models are designed for experiments.
 Due to this technique, the users get benefit of
learning and experience and facts may change or get
replaced completely.
Development & Implemenation of
MIS
 Two approaches can be used here:
1. Prototype Approach:
 Prototyping is the method of assuming some
information needs, developing methodology and
allowing the user to use it.
 After use the user’s feedback is important to modify the
methodology.
 This process when it identifies the loopholes in
methodology it also takes the feel of actual
implementation. Hence, user feedback is more
Prototype approach
 Development & Implemenation of
MIS

2. Life Cycle Approach:

 Some systems of MIS have life cycle i.e. system is
initialized and ended.
 Such systems are very much structured and rule-
based.
 They have clearance about inputs their sources and
outputs.
 Examples of such systems are pay roll, financial
accounting, order processing etc.