“SMART HOME AUTOMATION, MONITORING

& CONTROLLING SYSTEM”

Pundra University of Science & Technology

A Project report submitted to the Department of Electrical & Electronic Engineering

Submitted By

Md. Jainuddin Pramanik

ID No:00818307002

Batch: 8th

Session-Fall-2018
Year of Examintation-2022

Under the supervisor of

Md. Shamim Hossain

Lecturer In EEE

PUB

September,2022
Department of Electrical & Electronic Engineering, Pundra University of Science &
Technology, Bogura 5800, Bangladesh
 Dedicated to

Almighty ALLAH, & My Respective Parents

i
 DECLARATION

I declare that the dissertation titles “Smart Home Automation, Monitoring & Controlling
System” hereby submitted to the department of Electrical & Electronic Engineering, Pundra
University of Science & Technology, for the degree of Bachelor of Science in Engineering, has
not been submitted by me for a degree at any other University. This dissertation is a
presentation of my thesis work. Wherever contributions of others are involved, every effort is
made to indicate this clearly, with due reference to the literature, and acknowledgment of
collaborative research and discussions.
I give consent to this copy of my report paper, when deposited in the University Library, being
made available for loan and photocopying for the purpose of scholarly research. I also give
permission for the digital version of my thesis report to be made available on the web, via the
Department/University’s digital research repository, the Library Search and also through web
search engines, unless permission has been granted by the University to restrict access for a
period of time. The work was done under the guidance of Md. Shamim Hossain, Lecturer in
EEE, Department of EEE, Pundra University of Science & Technology, Bangladesh.

Name: Md. Jainudin Pramanik

ID No: 00818307002
Session: Fall-2018
Batch: 8th (Diploma Stream)
Year of Examination: 2022

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 CERTIFICATION

This is to certify that project paper on “Smart Home Automation, Monitoring & Controlling
System is the bona find record of project work done by Md. Jainuddin Pramanik for partial
fulfillment of the requirements of the degree of Bsc. in Electrical & Electronic Engineering
from Pundra University of Science & Technology.

This project paper has been carried out under my guidance and is a record of the successful
work. I wish his success in future.

I wish his every success in life.

Faculty Guide

Md. Shamim Hossain

Lecturer in EEE
Department of EEE
Pundra University of Science &Technology
Bogura, Bangladesh

iii
 ABSTRACT

Home automation system is becoming popular day by day all-over the world because of making
life smoother and minimizing the work load. Considering the system’s contribution toward
making daily life easier and strengthening home safety and security, the necessity of
development and modernization of the system is apparent. Home automation refers to the
automatic and electronic control of household appliances, features and activities. The most
important device of present age is mobile phone. At present Android mobile is very common
and very important part of our life. Using this device in controlling and surveillance work
makes our life easy and comfortable. So, this project is done in such a way we can have the
control of our home through a single device. The system is composed of hardware,
communication and electronic interfaces that work to integrate electrical devices with one
another. The project will come in handy for the disabled and elderly people. This thesis is aimed
to modernize and develop a voice-controlled home automation system which allows to control
all electronic devices in an apartment by voice command, provides safety by detecting fire,
detects suspicious movement and also helps the owner with personal assistance. Moreover, it
provides security by automatic door controlled by fingerprint sensor. Performing all these tasks
with a single Android device makes everything faster. It allows a person to control appliances
from a remote location over the internet. The user can easily verify and close machines left on
in one’s absence which will help to save energy. In this project we have combined home
assistance and security system with the help of a microcontroller. So, this project serves as a
basic structure of the AI (Artificial Intelligence) system. The programming is done in windows
operating system. Sensors and serial communicating devices are incorporated and
synchronized with the personal computer.

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 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

First of all, I would like to thank to the almighty Allah for giving me strength, patience and
ability to complete this project.

Then I would like to express the deepest sense of gratitude from the core of my heart to my
supervisor Md. Shamim Hossain, who gives me the opportunity to make this project under his
supervisor. I am very much thankful for his valuable and scholastic guidance, constant
encouragement and invaluable discussion throughout the research work.

I want to thank my parents, my grandfather, grandmother and all my friends and well-wishers
for their support during times of stress in project.

The Author

September,2022

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 Table of Contents
Dedication (i)

Declaration (ii)

Certification (iii)

Abstract (iv)

Acknowledgement (v)

List of Table (vi- vii)

List of Figure (viii)

CHAPTER 1 – General Introduction

1.1 Introduction 1-2

1.2 Motivation 2

1.3 Problem Statement 2

1.4 Objective 3

1.5 Scope of the Project 3

1.6 Methodology 3-4

1.7 Application 4

CHAPTER 2- Equipment Detail’s

2.1 Introduction 5

2.2 Equipment’s 5

2.2.1 Node MCU 5-6

2.2.1a Function of Different Pin of NodeMCU 6-8
2.2.2 Two Channel Relay Module 8
2.2.3 Lamp Holder 9

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 Table of Contents
2.2.4 DC Colling Fan 9

2.2.5 Push Button Switch 10

2.2.6 Wires 10

2.2.7 Adapter 11

2.2.8 Two Pin Plug 11

2.2.9 Blynk Apps 11-12

2.2.10 Ac Blub 12

CHAPTER 3 - Software Details

3.1 Introduction 13
3.2 Arduino IDE Software 13
3.3 Proteus 8.0 for Circuit simulation 13

CHAPTER 4 - Circuit Diagram and Working Principal

4.1 Introduction 14
4.2 Circuit Diagram 14
4.3 Working Principle 14

CHAPTER 5 – Conclusion
5.1 Conclusion 15

CHAPTER 6 – Reference
Reference 16

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 List of Figure
Figure# Figure Caption Page#
1.1 Block Diagram of Smart Home Automation 4
2.1 Node MCU 6
2.2 NodeMCU Pinout and Functions 6
2.3 Two Channel Relay 8
2.4 Lamp Holder 9
2.5 Dc Colling Fan 9
2.6 Push Button Switch 10
2.7 Wires 10
2.8 Adapter 11
2.9 Two Pin Plug 11
2.10 Blynk App 12
2.11 Ac Blub 12
3.1 Screenshot of “Arduino ide” 13
3.2 Proteus 8.0 for Circuit simulation 13
4.1 Smart Home automation circuit diagram 14

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 CHAPTER 1
General Introduction
 Chapter 1
1.1 Introduction
The 21st century is the era of smart technology. It was said that modern life is unimaginable
without electricity but it this saying has changed. Now we say daily life is unimaginable without
internet. Modern technology has advanced to another level of automatic and smart systems.
There is no need to introduce the advancement of technology in modern times. As we know,
the advancement has gone a long way and almost has reached to its peak of modernization.
Today innovation has turned into a coordinated piece of individuals' lives. It has and keeps on
affecting numerous parts of day-by-day life and has permitted better social association,
simplicity of transportation, the capacity to enjoy excitement and media and has helped in the
advancement in pharmaceutical. One of the most important devices of modern times is
Smartphone. Another important element of modern age is the internet. The key to step into the
world of automatic control system is the combination of Smartphone and the internet.
Therefore, with the help of these two and microcontrollers home automation was possible. If
we look few years back, people have been using washing machine, water heaters, hair dryer
etc. for household chores. Not in every house in Bangladesh but in western countries these
machines are used daily for household chores. We can consider these machines as the starting
of home automation. Now we are able to control TV, light, fan refrigerator etc. with Android
phones. This project is about easy and cheap home automation system and security system.
The quantity of Smartphone clients in Bangladesh has expanded by 3.1 million to 8.2 million
in 2015, as indicated by a current report distributed by Counterpoint Technology Market
Research (Dhaka Tribune). Study shows that seventy five percent of the market share is
Android and a total of one hundred and six million android Smartphone were shipped in the
second half of 2012. Android Smartphone became the top operating system in the market in
the present time worldwide and it became the most popular operating system known to man.
This is making android phone the most needed element of today’s life. Home automation was
possible with the help of this small device. The fast development of remote correspondence
inspired us to utilize cell phones to remotely control a household appliance. Apart from houses,
we have restaurants where food is served with the help of robot in Bangladesh. Android
controlled home system is not common in Bangladesh but is available in some offices to some
extent. The fast development of remote correspondence inspired us to utilize cell phones to
remotely control a household appliance. There is no actual definition of embedded system.
Computer controlled devices can be termed as embedded systems. With the presentation of

1
better equipment and better programming, cell phones have turned out to be capable gadgets
and have turned into an imperative piece of individuals' day by day lives. As per Li et al. (2016)
there are three ages of home computerization Firstly, wireless technology with proxy server.
Example: Next Zigbee automation. Artificial intelligence controls electrical devices. Example:
Amazon Echo. The latest technology is robot interacting with human. Example: Robot Rovio,
Roomba. We have good and cheap facilities to wireless networks and still developing in
Bangladesh. The 2nd and 3rd generation from above, aren’t available in Bangladesh. It doesn’t
mean that we don’t want it. The government and some organizations are trying to develop our
country in high technology. Now high technology is not bound within few features. The thing
that takes high technology to next level is automatic system. That is why the demand of
automatic electronic device is increasing. To accomplish that, home automation is necessary.

1.2 Motivation
Home Automation has been on the rise in the past few years. Now all things are controlled by
IoT ever-evolving technology, there have been smarter and more advanced solutions in the
domain of home automation. To enhance the standard of living, the appliances need to be
wholly automated without any user intervention in any form whatsoever. This enables the end
user hassle-free interaction with the appliances as the appliances learn and react as per the user's
requirements without him physically pressing a button. Wired sensor systems are more difficult
to handle and also require much amount of wiring the sensors at different locations. Thus, the
importance of wireless sensor node has been on the rise and is a critical factor for efficient
implementation of home automation. Energy saving is one of the significant advantages of
automating home appliances. Thus, the user must be kept aware of the energy consumption of
the automated appliances. In a developing country like India, where people have busy life
schedules, providing efficient energy saving and comfort at low prices and higher efficiency is
of utmost importance. Security of home is must have things because of the security breach in
many homes these days, if we have different type of security features, we can live a secured
life in home.

1.3 Problem Statement

Problem statement home automation refers to control the home appliances by using computer
technology. Home automation provides security, energy efficiency and ease of use hence, it is
adopted more. It also provides remote interface to home appliances to provide control and
monitoring on a web browser.

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1.4 Objectives
The objectives of this research study are stated as follows:
❖ To develop and gathering knowledge on home automation and smart living.
❖ To improve inhabitant experience, made easy and convenient.
❖ To achieve cost savings by energy savings.
❖ To enhance home security with all day interconnecting.

1.5 Scope of the Project

Home automation is the wireless and remote control of different aspects of a living space like
lighting, temperature, security, entertainment, etc. It performs with the help of connected smart
devices and appliances that use communication technology like Wi-Fi, Bluetooth and Ethernet,
to share data and facilitate the efficient management of power consumption. It has advantages
like:
Cost-effective: Home automation appliances have a longer life cycle than the regular device.
Hence this saves money.
Self-sufficient: The home automation technologies come with the option of running on
sustainable sources of energy like wind or solar power and even water harvesting.
Eco-friendly: The smart home appliances consume a minimum amount of power. This is
because they use stored user data to modify the output. This means a fair amount of energy is
saved. In the future, home automation is definitely going bigger and better. The Internet of
Things is already bringing a wide range of exciting, innovative solutions. Sensors in parking
lots will indicate space availability. Users could make their favorite beverage with voice
instructions, or instructions to the smartphone can close the blinds in the living room while
residents are far away on vacation. There is no end to the possibilities of home automation. The
most useful advantage is, however, the aspect of sustainability. Home automation works on the
principle of sustainability, which encourages the wise use of resources.

1.6 Methodology
For designing an automatic smart home automation system, we can be used many methods
such the device of switching but all methods need of human helpful. Using electronic control
to supply the water except human interaction is designed in this project. It has designed
diligently put on to control the home appliances, finally shut down the appliances is
automatically any time by smart phone application. The methodology utilized in this work is
the measured structure access the general plan.

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 Fig 1.1: Block Diagram of Smart Home Automation
To achieve the home control using smart phone, initially the mobile unit should be connected
to any network and the WiFi module ESP8266 which is on Node MCU should be connected to
local network. By touching the specified location of widgets in the blynk app, this blynk app
sends ON/OFF commands to ESP8266 on Node MCU via Blynk server. Then the relays
connected to Node MCU performs switching operation corresponding to the input. So that the
loads connected to relays will be switched ON/OFF. Similarly, we can also control our home
appliances using manual switches. This can be obtained by connecting the relays outputs to
manual switches and manual switches to the AC loads. Whenever the relay corresponding to
manual ON or OFF is switched ON then the AC loads corresponding to that switches will
perform switching operation.

1.7 Application of Smart Home Automation

The most common applications of home automation are
● Lighting control
● HVAC
● Outdoor lawn irrigation
● Kitchen appliances and
● Security systems.

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 CHAPTER 2
Equipment’s Details
 Chapter 2
2.1 Introduction
The main objective of this project is to develop a home control system using Node MCU board
with Internet being remotely controlled by any Android or IOS operating system. As
technology is advancing so houses are also getting smarter. Modern houses are gradually
shifting from conventional switches to centralized control system, involving remote controlled
switches. Presently, conventional wall switches located in different parts of the house makes it
difficult for the user to go near them to operate. Even more it becomes more difficult for the
elderly or physically handicapped people to do so. Remote controlled home automation system
provides a most modern solution with smart phones.

2.2 Equipment’s
● Node MCU
● Two Channel Relay Module
● Light Holder
● DC Colling Fan
● Push Button Switch
● Wires
● 220 V Ac Blub
● Adapter
● 2 Pin Plug
● Blynk Apps
2.2.1 Node MCU
The Node MCU (Node Micro Controller Unit) is an opensource platform for implementing the
Internet of Things. Running on System-on-a-Chip (SoC), it is an inexpensive device which is
technically named as the ESP8266-12E and helps to prototype IoT project using script lines in
Lua. Express if Systems designs and manufactures NodeMCU. Crucial elements of a computer
such as CPU, networking (Wi-Fi), RAM, operating system and SDK are all contained in
NodeMCU, thereby making it an extremely useful for all kinds of IoT projects [11]. Summing
it all up, we can say that, NodeMCU is much like an Arduino, except that it provides Wi-Fi

5
functionality which is in-built on the board. NodeMCU can be coded in Lua script and C
language on the Arduino IDE software. It contains 10 General Purpose Input/output pins for
interfacing with devices. A typical NodeMCU along with its pin numbering is shown in Fig.
2.1

Fig: 2.1: Node MCU

2.2.1a Function of Different Pin of NodeMCU

Fig:2.2: NodeMCU Pinout and Functions.

1. Power Pins:
There are four power pins namely- a VIN pin and three 3.3V pins. The VIN pin can be used to
directly supply ESP8266 and its components if you have a controlled 5V voltage source. The
3.3V pins are the output of the voltage board controller. These pins can be used to supply power
to external parts.

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2. GND- Ground:
It is the ground pin of the ESP8266 NodeMCU development board.
3. I2C Pins:
These are used to integrate all types of I2C sensors and parameters in the project. Both I2C
Master and I2C Slave are supported. The performance of the I2C optical connector can be
systematically detected, and the clock frequency is 100 kHz at maximum speed. It should be
noted that the frequency of the I2C clock should be greater than the frequency of the slowest
clock of the slave device.
4.GPIO Pins:
The ESP8266 NodeMCU has 17 GPIO anchors that can be assigned to various functions such
as I2C, I2S, UART, PWM, IR Remote Control, LED Light, and Button respectively. Each
GPIO digitally-enabled can be adjusted to internal drag or drop or set to high intensity. When
set as input, it can also be set to Edge-trigger or level-trigger to produce CPU interference.
5: ADC Channel:
NodeMCU is embedded 10-bit with SAR ADC accuracy. These two functions can be
performed using the ADC viz. VDD3P3 pin power supply and TOUT pin power input.
However, they cannot be used simultaneously.
6.UART:
The ESP8266 NodeMCU has 2 UART domains, namely UART0 and UART1, which offer
different connections (RS232 and RS485), and can communicate up to 4.5 Mbps. UART0 pins
(TXD0, RXD0, RST0 & CTS0) can be used for communication. Supports fluid control.
However, the UART1 (TXD1 pin) includes a data transfer signal only, so it is used to print the
log.
7.SPI Pins:
ESP8266 incorporates two SPIs (SPI and HSPI) into slave and master modes. These SPIs also
support the following SPI features:
▪ 4-time modes for SPI format transfer
▪ Up to 80 MHz with split clocks of 80 MHz
▪ Up to 64-Byte FIFO
8.SDIO Pins:
ESP8266 incorporates the Secure Digital Input / Output Interface (SDIO) which is used to
connect directly to SD cards. 4-bit 25 MHz SDIO v1.1 and 4-bit 50 MHz SDIO v2.0 are
supported.

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9.PWM Pins:
The board has 4 Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) channels. PWM output can be programmed
and used to drive digital engines and LEDs. The frequency range of PWM ranges from 1000
𝜇s to 10000 𝜇s, e.g., between 100 Hz and 1 kHz.
10. Control Pins:
These anchors are used to control ESP8266. These anchors include Chip Enable pin (EN),
Reset pin (RST), and WAKE pin.
11. EN Pin (Enable):
The ESP8266 chip is enabled when the EN pin is pulled INSIDE. When pulled LOW the chip
works at low power.
12. RST Pin (Reset):
The RST pin is used to reset the ESP8266 chip.
13. Wake Pin:
The use of Wake pin is used to wake up the chip from a deep sleep.

2.2.2 Two Channel Relay Module

A relay is an electrically operated switch. Many relays use an electromagnet to mechanically
operate a switch, but other operating principles are also used, such as solid-state relays. Relays
are used where it is necessary to control a circuit by a separate low-power signal, or where
several circuits must be controlled by one signal. Here we are using SPDT (Single Pole Double
Throw) relay. The Single Pole Double Throw SPDT relay is quite useful in certain applications
because of its internal configuration. It has one common terminal and 2 contacts in 2 different
configurations: one can be Normally Closed and the other one is opened or it can be Normally
Open and the other one closed. So basically, you can see the SPDT relay as a way of switching
between 2 circuits: when there is no voltage applied to the coil one circuit “receives” current,
the other one doesn’t and when the coil gets energized the opposite is happening. We are using
it in Normally Open mode.

Fig: 2.3: Two Channel Relay

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2.2.3 Lamp Holder
Lamp holders are mechanical devices that support lamps and connect them to electrical circuits.
They hold light bulbs and make electrical contact to provide a bulb with power. Lamp holders
are used with most light sources for incandescent, fluorescent, and compact fluorescent lamps
(CFL).

Fig: 2.4: Lamp Holder

2.2.4 DC Colling Fan

DC cooling fan is a combination of rotor, stator, fan blades and other auxiliary components.
There are many semiconductor components in the control circuit, which are now incorporated
in one or more IC. Different models of IC control circuits are different, but the main purpose
is to provide more effective control and protection for the effective function of the coil and fan-
related characteristics required Through DC voltage and electromagnetic induction, the
electrical energy is converted into mechanical and thus drives the rotation of the fan blades. In
simple terms, it is a cooling device that relies on the coil and IC to continuously switch and
induct the magnetic ring from driving the fan blades to rotate.

Fig: 2.5: Dc Colling Fan.

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2.2.5 Push Button Switch
A push-button (also spelled pushbutton) or simply button is a simple switch mechanism to
control some aspect of a machine or a process. Buttons are typically made out of hard material,
usually plastic or metal. The surface is usually flat or shaped to accommodate the human finger
or hand, so as to be easily depressed or pushed. Buttons are most often biased switches,
although many un-biased buttons (due to their physical nature) still require a spring to return
to their un-pushed state. Terms for the "pushing" of a button include pressing, depressing,
mashing, slapping, hitting, and punching.

Fig: 2.6: Push Button Switch.

2.2.6 Wires
Wire is usually framed by illustration the metal through an opening in a pass on or draw plate.
A wire is a solitary, generally tube shaped, adaptable strand or pole of metal. Wires are utilized
to endure mechanical burdens or power and media communications signals. The term wire is
additionally utilized all the more freely to allude to a heap of such strands, as in 'multi stranded
wire', which is all the more accurately named a wire rope in mechanics, or a link in power.
Wire measures come in various standard sizes, as communicated as far as a check number.

Fig:2.7: Wires.

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2.2.7 Adapter
An electrical load received electric energy by a power supply. Which is an electronic device
and by that’s to convert one form of electrical energy to another. Then outcomes, as electric
power converters refereed are sometimes by power supplies. Whereas others are built into
larger devices along with their loads. Examples of the latter include power supplies found in
desktop computers and consumer electronics devices. The source of this power can come from
different source like the main power source AC voltage and battery or even from a renewable
power source like solar panel wind turbine or fuel cell to name just a few. The most common
source of power is usually the main AC.

Fig: 2.8: Adapter.

2.2.8 Two Pin Plug

Two pin Plug: by the two-pin plug AC supply to transformers primary side from the switch
board.it supplies 220v from AC line and its convert 9v output by the transformer.

Fig: 2.9: 2pin Plug

2.2.9 Blynk Apps

Blynk is a Platform with iOS and Android apps to control Arduino, Raspberry Pi and the likes
over the Internet. It’s a digital dashboard where we can build a graphic interface for our project
by simply dragging and dropping widgets. Blynk is not tied to some specific board or shield.

11
Instead, it's supporting hardware of our choice. Whether our Arduino or Raspberry Pi is linked
to the Internet over Wi-Fi, Ethernet or this new ESP8266 chip, Blynk will get you online and
ready for the Internet of Your Things.

Fig:2.10: Blynk Apps.

2.2.10 AC Blub
The electronic bulb is the simplest electrical lamp that was invented for illumination more than
a century ago. It was the small and simplest light that brightened the dark space. The electronic
bulb is also known as an incandescent lamp, incandescent light globe or incandescent light
bulb. Bulb comes in different sizes and light output and operates with a voltage range from 1.5
Volts to about 300 Volts. Now let us study the parts and structure of the bulb in detail.

Fig: 2.11: Ac Blub

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 CHAPTER 3
Software Details
 Chapter 3
3.1 Introduction
In this section is discussed about Software. We can see the what kind of software are use in
this project. The information system is software. Simply put: Software is the set of instructions
that tell the hardware what to do. Software is created through the process of programming.
Without software, the hardware would not be functional.

3.2 Arduino IDE Software

Arduino is basically a combination of hardware and software which works as an Open source
(easily accessible by people over the internet). The Hardware part comprises a circuit board
embedded with a microcontroller which is Programmable whereas the software is an IDE
where we can write and upload code. The languages supported by it are C and C++ using
special rules of coding structure. As the Arduino IDE is compatible with a number of different
circuit boards, here we have integrated the IDE with NodeMCU board.

Fig:3.1: Screenshot of “Aruino ide”.

3.3 Proteus 8.0 for Circuit simulation

If one person designs both the hardware and the software then that person benefits as the
hardware design may be changed just as easily as the software design. In larger organizations
where the two roles are separated, the software designers can begin work as soon as the
schematic is completed; there is no need for them to wait until a physical prototype exists. In
short, Proteus VSM improves efficiency, quality and flexibility throughout the design process.

Fig:3.2: Proteus 8.0 for Circuit simulation.

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 CHAPTER 4
Circuit Diagram and
Working Principal.
 Chapter 4
4.1 Introduction
“Smart Home automation” refers to the automatic and electronic control of household features,
activity, and appliances. In simple terms, it means you can easily control the utilities and
features of your home via the Internet to make life more convenient and secure, and even spend
less on household bills. Read on to find answers to some of the most common questions about
home automation technology, and get a few ideas for home automation solutions to incorporate
in your home.

4.2 Circuit Diagram

Fig: 4.1: Smart Home automation circuit diagram.

4.3 Working Principle

The working procedure of the project can be described from the following figure. In the
following figure power supply adapter is used in order to step down the voltage from 220V to
12V. This 12V dc is directly connected to reduce the voltage from 12V to 2.5V. Because the
Node MCU module is operated in 3.5V. This Node MCU module is connected with 2 channel
relay modules. An inverter has been used to invert the voltage from 3.5V to 5V. Then, log into
the web page and to give command to turn off or on to the corresponding load. By logging in
the web page, the current status of the load can be observed. With the 2 load (1 fan, 1 light). If
Wi-Fi doesn’t work this system can be turn off manually by push button switch.

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CHAPTER 5
Conclusion
 Chapter 5

5.1 Conclusion
The paper has been experimentally proven to work successfully. We can control the AC loads
using the Blynk app or manually using the normal switches. The designed system can be
controlled from anywhere throughout the world. This will help the user by saving the power
by switching off the home appliances in case of forgot to switch off. This will also help for
physically disabled people who might otherwise require care givers.

15
CHAPTER 6
Reference
 Chapter 6
Reference
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