concrete reinforcing steel bar reinforced concrete RC reinforced concrete structure cranked slab stairs rigidity creep cement

cover to reinforcement beam column slab shear wall foundation shear shear deformation shear modulus tension pressure percentage of elongation displacement stress strain concentration of stresses stress relaxation stress diagram stress-strain curve state of stress steel wire hoop reinforcement stirrup spacing loading compressive strength bending strength torsional strength tensile strength crack yield yield point yield load limit of yielding yield strength lower limit of yield

load cross section bearing capacity bearing structure elastic modulus prestressed reinforced concrete prestressed reinforcement loss of prestress precast slab cast-in-place reinforced concrete two-way reinforcement main beam secondary beam moment cantilever beam ductileity member in bending tensile region compressive region plasticity axial pressure axial tension crane beam reliability cohesive force external force 61 |

chaozegang123

2007-6-06 11:33

bent-up bar

bending failure roof truss non-reinforced concrete flat slab reinforcement ratio stirrup ratio Poisson s ratio eccentric tension eccentric compression eccentric distance fatigue strength eccentric load span span-to-depth ratio

midspan load frame structure concentrated load distribution load distribution steel deflection design load design strength construction simple beam area of section pouring concreting bar splicing rigid frame brittleness brittle failure civil engineering structures 2.

chaozegang123

2007-6-06 11:38

1.

building and

design of building and civil engineering structures

3.

building engineering

4.

civil engineering

5.

highway engineering

6.

railway engineering

7.

port ( harbour ) and waterway engineering

8.

hydraulic engineering

9. 10.

hydraulic and hydroelectric engineering construction works

11.

structure

12.

foundation

13.

foundation soil; subgrade; subbase; ground

14. 15.

timber structure masonry structure

16.

steel structure

17. 18.

concrete structure special engineering structure

19. 20. 21.

building industrial building civil building; civil architecture

22. 23. 24.

highway highway network freeway

25. 26. 27. 28.

arterial highway feeder highway railway; railroad standard gauge railway 1435mm

29. 30. 31. 32. 33.

broad gauge railway 1435mm narrow gauge railway 1435mm railway terminal railway station port; harbour

34. 35.

marine structure navigation structure; navigation construction

36. 37.

light house water conservancy

38.

multipurpose hydraulic project; key water-control project; hydro-junction

39.

reservoir

40. 41. 42. 43. 44. 45.

hydraulic structure; marine structure; maritime construction water retaining structure; retaining works intake structure outlet structure; outlet works; sluice works conveyance structure rcgulating structure; training structure rectification structure

46. 47.

hydro-electric station; hydropower station pump station

48. 49. 50. safety device

raftpass facility log pass facility fishpass facility

chaozegang123 2007-6-07 17:27 2. 1. mixed structure

slab-colume system

3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9.

frame structure arch structure folded-plate structure shell structure space truss structure cable-suspended structure pneumatic structure

10. 11. 12.

shear wall structure frame-shear wall structure tube structure

13.

suspended structure

14.

high-rise structure chaozegang123 1. highway 2007-6-07 17:30

2. 3. 4. 5.

highway alignment horizontal alignment vertical alignment route selection

6.

route location

7. 8. 9. 10. 11.

horizontal curve vertical curve grade change point * route intersection permanent way

12.

railway location

13.

location

14.

main line

15.

sidings

16. 17. 18. 19.

minimum radius of curve grade section maximum grade * grade crossing

* 20. * grade separation * 17:33 1. bridge chaozegang123 2007-6-07

2. 3. 4. 5. 6.

simple supported girder bridge continuous girder bridge cantilever girder bridge cable stayed bridge suspension bridge

7. 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19

trussed bridge frame bridge rigid frame bridge arch bridge submersible bridge pontoon bridge right bridge skew bridge grade separated bridge; overpass bridge viaduct main span approach span curved bridge

20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36

Ramp bridge combined bridge; highway and railway transit bridge movable bridge single-track bridge double-track bridge bridge superstructure bridge floor system bridge bearing; bridge support bridge substructure bridge tower abutment pier culvert tunnel tunnel portal tunnel surrounding rock tunnel lining chaozegang123 2007-6-07 17:36

dam

2 3

dam axis gravity dam

arch dam

5 6 7 8 9

buttress dam earth-rock dam; embankment dam concrete dam rubber dam; flexible dam; fabric dam spur dike; groin

10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20

training dike spillway weir coffer dam hydraulic tunnel deep water intake dam type hydropower station diversion conduit type hydropower staion tidal power station pumped storage power station powerhouse of hydropower station

21 22 23

forebay pressure nconduit surge chamber

24 25 26

tailrace navigation lock shi lift; ship elevator

27 28 29 30 31 32

sluice; barrage caual aqueduct; bridged flume chute drop gallery system

33 34 35 36.

energy dissipating and anti-scour facility seepage control facility drainage facility reverse filter

37 38 39 40 41 42 43

turbine-pump station ram station under dam culvert silting basin dike; levee breakwater; mole wharf; quay

44 45 46 47 48

sloped wharf dolphin wharf gravity quay-wall sheet-pile quay-wall open pier on piles; high-pile wharf

49 50 dock

floating pier; pontoon wharf

51

ship-building berth

52

slipway chaozegang123 , : ) spread foundation , rigid foundation single footing . combined footing ( strip founcation shell foundation . box foundation , raft foundation . pile foundation , . open caisson foundation , . ) , . 2007-6-07 17:36

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

. .

11.

12. 13. . 14.

cylinder pile foundation ; cylinder caisson foundation , , , . caisson foundation , ( ) , . subgrade of highway (railway) , , bed ; bedding ( , ) . , , chaozegang123 : , , 2007-6-07 17:37

1. , 2. , 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9.

reliability , , safety , . serviceability , durability , basic variable , design reference period , probability of survival . probability of failure . reliability index . . , . . . . , . , ,

10. . 11.

calibration

deterministic method , , . probabilistic method . . ,

12.

13.

permissible (allowable) stresses method ,

. 14. , 15. 16.

ultimate strength method , , . limit states method . limit states , , . limit state equation , ultimate limit states , serviceability limit states partial safety factor , , . design situation , ,, . . . , , . , . . . ,

17. 18. 19. 20.

21.

, persistent situation , 23. transient situation , 24. accidental situation , chaozegang123 2007-6-07 17:38 : 1. action 22. , , 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. load . force per unit length . force per unit area , force per unit volume . moment of force permanent action .

8. . 9. 10 11 12. . 13. (

. variable action . accidental action fixed adtion ) . Free action . static action , dynamic action . repeated action; cyclic action . low frequency cyclic action . self weight . site load . earth pressure , . ; , . , , ,

14. 15. 16. 17. 18.

19. . 20.

temperature action , earthquake action , . explosion action wind load wind vibration snow load crane load floor live load; roof live load ,

21. 22 23 24. 25 26

27 28

load on bridge dead load on bridge

29

live load on bridge

30

Standard highway vehicle load

31 Standard Railway Live Load Specified by the Peoples Republic of China , 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 ice pressure silt pressute frost heave force; frost hgave pressure representative value of an action characteristic value of an action ship load crane and vehicle load ship impact force ship breasting force mooring force water pressure buoyance uplift pressure wave pressure; wave force

46

quasi-permanent value of an action

47

combination value of actions

48

partial safety factor for action

49 50 51 52 53

design value of an action coeffcient for combination value of actions effects of actions coefficient of effects of actions normal force (axial force)

54 55 56

shear force bending moment bimoment

57 58 59

torque stress normal stress

60 61

shear stress; tangential stress principal stress

62 63

prestress displacement

64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71

deflection deformation elastic deformation plastic deformation imposed deformation restrained deformation strain linear strain

72 73

shear strain; tangential strain principal strain

74 75 76

combination for action effects fundamental combination for action effects accidental combination for action effects

77

combination for short-term action effects

78

combination for long-term action effects

79

limiting design value chaozegang123 2007-6-07 17:39

1 2 3

resistance strength compressive strength

4 5

tensile strength shear strength

6 7

flexural strength yield strength 0.2%

8 9 10 11. 12

fatigue strength ultimate strain modulus of elasticity shear modulus modulus of deformation

13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23

Poisson ratio bearing capacity compressive capacity tensile capacity shear capacity flexural capacity torsional capacity fatigue capacity stiffness; rigidity crack resistance ultimate deformation

24 25 26 27 28 29

stability spatial behaviour brittle failure ductile failure partial safety factor for resistance characteristic value of a property of a material

30

partial safety factor for property of material

31 32 chaozegang123 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11

design value of a property of a material nomianal value of geometric parameter 2007-6-07 17:41 height of section; depth of section breadth of section thickness of section diameter of section perimeter of section area of section first moment of area second moment of area; moment of inertia polar second moment of area; polar moment of inertia section modulus radius of gyration

12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19

eccentricity relative ecdentricity length span rise slenderness ratio longitudinal gradient superelevation

20 21 22 23

sight distance 1.2m width of subgrade width of subgrade clearance of highway

100m m

24 25 26 27 28 29

gauge railroad clearance clearance under bridge construction height of bridge clearance above bridge floor clearance of tunnel

30 31 32

berth additional depth; residual depth wave characteristics; wave parameters

33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45

tide level water level design water level dam height dam length free board dead water level normal (pool) level design flood level exceptional flood level dead storage usable storage total reservoir storage

[ chaozegang123 2007-6-07 17:45 1 2 3 4 5 6 coefficient of friction mass density force (weight) density moment of momentum

2007-6-8 01:43 AM

chaozegang123

dynamic moment of inertia dynamic effect factor

7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14

vibration acceleration frequency natural frequency period natural period of vibration periodic vibration amplitude of vibration

15

degree of freedom

16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27

damp forced vibration mode of vibration resonance statistical parameter mean value mean square deviation standard deviation coefficient of mean value coefficient of variation probability distribution fractile P

P 28 significance level

29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36

hydro-static pressure hydro-dynamic pressure total hydro-static pressure pressure gradient pressure head level head stream field stream field

37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48

velocity of flow velocity head of flow total head head loss discharge cross section wetted perimeter hydraulic radius discharge; flow rate average velocity coefficient of roughness hydraulic slope; energy gradient Re Reynolds mumber

49 50

Fr

Froude mumber water hammer

51 52 53 54 55

hydraulic jump seepage flow coefficient of compressibility cohesion coefficient of consolidation

56

relative density emax emin compactness modulus of compressibility porosity porosity liquidity index plasticity degree of saturation degree of saturation degree of consolidation pore water pressure water content liquid limit

57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68

69 70 71 72

plastic limit angle of repose angle of external friction angle of internal friction

73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80

earthquake earthquake focus earthquake epicentre epicentral distance earthquake magnitude earthquake intensity earthquake zone earthquake response spectrum

81

static method

82

equivalent base shear method

83

time-history method

84

mode analysis method

85 86 87

earthquake dynamie water pressure earthquake dynamic earth pressure Liquefaction of saturated soil

chaozegang123 2007-6-07 17:46 ABC Activity Based Costing ABM Activity Based Management ACWP Actual Cost of Work Performed ADM Arrow Diagram Method ADP Automated Data Processing ADR Alternative Dispute Resolution AF Actual Finish Date AFE Application for Expenditure AFE Authority for Expenditure ALAP As-Late-As-Possible AMR Advanced Material Release AOA Activity on Arc AOA Activity on Arrow AON Activity on Node AOQ Average Outgoing Quality AOQL Average Outgoing Quality Limit APMA Area of Project Management Application APR Acquisition Plan Review AQL Acceptable Quality Level AS Actual Start Date ASAP As-Soon-As-Possible ATP Acceptance Test Procedure

AUW Authorized Unpriced Work BAC Budget at Completion BAC Baseline at Completion / BATNA Best Alternative to Negotiated Agreement BCM Business Change Manager BCWP Budgeted Cost of Work Performed BCWS Budgeted Cost of Work Scheduled BEC Elapsed Cost BOOT Build, Own, Operate, Transfer BPA Blanket Purchase Agreement BSA Balanced Scorecard Approach C/SCSC Cost/Schedule Control System Criteria C/SSR Cost/Schedule Status Report / CA Control Account CAD Computer Aided Drafting/Design CAM Cost Account Manager CAM Computer Aided Manufacturing CAM Control Account Manager CAP Cost Account Plan

CAP Control Account Plan CAR Capital Appropriation Request CBD Component-Based Development CBS Cost Breakdown Structure CCB Change Control Board CCDR Contractor Cost Data Report CDR Critical Design Review CI Configuration Item CM Configuration Management/Construction Management CPFFC Cost Plus Fixed Fee Contract CPI Cost Performance Index CPI Cost Performance Indicator CPIFC Cost Plus Incentive Fee Contract CPM Critical Path Method CPN Critical Path Network CPPC Cost Plus Percentage of Cost Contract CPR Cost Performance Ratio CPR Cost Performance Report CPU Central Processing Unit CR Change Request CSCI Computer Software Configuration Item CSF Critical Success Factors CTC Contract Target Cost CTP Contract Target Price CTR Cost-Time Resource Sheet CV Cost Variance CWBS Contract Work Breakdown Structure DBA Database Administrator DBM Dynamic Baseline Model DBMS Database Management System DCE Distributed Computing Environment DCF Discounted Cash Flow DD Data Date DID Data Item Description DRD documentation Requirements Description DU Duration EAC Estimated Actual at Completion ECC Estimated Cost to Complete ECP Engineering Change Proposal EF Early Finish Date EFC Estimated Final Cost EMR Expenditure Management Report EPS Enterprise Project Structure ERP Enterprise Resource Planning

ERPS Enterprise Resource Planning Systems ES Early Start Date ESAR Extended Subsequent Applications Review ETC Estimate To Complete / EV Expected value EVMS Earned value Management System FAC Forecast At Completion FF Free Float FFP Firm Fixed Price Contract FIFO First In, First Out FM Functional Manager FP Fixed Price Contract FPPIF Fixed Price Plus Incentive Fee Contract FTC Forecast to Completion FTP File Transfer Protocol G&A General and Administrative Costs G&A General and Administrative GAAP Generally Accepted Accounting Principles GERT Graphical Evaluation and Review Technique GUI Graphical User Interface chaozegang123 member 2 3 component; assembly parts section

2007-6-07 17:47

beam; girder

arch

slab; plate

7 8 9

shell column wall

10

truss

11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25. 26. 27.

frame bent frame rigid frame simply supported beam cantilever beam beam fixed at both ends continuous beam superposed beam pile sheet pile pavement carriageway speed-change lane sidewalk Lane separator . bicycle path . road shoulder , . subgrade side ditch , , ) catch ditch ;intercepting channel , . drainage ditch , . , .

28. 29. (

30. ,

31. 32. 33. 34. 35.

slope protection; revetment , retaining wall , railway track , , rail , sleeper ,

. . , , . . .

36. 37. 38. 39. 40. 41. 42. 43. 44.

track skeleton . bed , ballast ( turnout . railway shunting hump , continuous welded rail . rail fastening , guard rail , railway shoulder . . , . , . ) , . .

45. 46. 47. 48. , 49. 50. 51.

wharf shoulder , relieving slab , berthing member mooring post bollard , mooring ring

, , . , .

, .

sluice chamber . sluice gate; lock gate .

52. 53. 54.

sluice pier , , apron , , apron extension , .

, .

55. 56. 57. 58. 59. 60. 61. 62. 63. 64. 65.

( (

) stilling basin , ) roller bucket , apron; impervious blanket 9 .

. .

impervious curtain; cut-off , sealing ; seal ; waterstop , connection . joint . expansion and contraction joint . settlement joint . aseismic joint . construction joint , . , 2007-6-07 17:48 .

chaozegang123

, Standard Abbreviations

and Symbols AB Anchor bolts ASSY Assembly Btu British thermal unit C Celcius C.O. Change order C/C Center to center CIF Contract information form CL Center line CONC. Concrete COL. Column COLL. Collateral CPU Customer pick-up

CS Clear span DET Detail dB Decibel DIM. Dimension DSD Double sliding door DWG Drawing EH (E.H.) Eave height ES Eave strut EW Endwall F Fahrenheit FFL (F.F.L.) Finished floor level FO (F.O.) Framed opening FNB Fin neck bolt HSB High strength bolt (ASTM A325) INT Internal or Interior KD Knocked-down K Kelvin kg/cm Kilogram per square centimeter kg/m Kilogram per cubic meter km/h Kilometer per hour kN Kilonewton kN/m Kilonewton per square meter L Length L/C Letter of credit LG Long LT Lean-To m Meter M.T. Metric ton MAX. (max.) Maximum MG Multi-Gable MIN. (min.) Minimum mm Millimeter MR Monorail crane MB Mild steel bolt or machine bolt N Newton NS/FS Near side / Far side OA Overall OC (O.C) On center O/O Out-to-out P & B Post-and-beam PL Plate REV. Revision RF (R.F.) Rigid frame RUD Roll-up door

SBO (S.B.O.) Special buy out SDS Self drilling screw SF Space frame SI International system of units SS Single Slope SSD Single sliding door STD. Standard STS Self tapping screw SV Space Saver SW Sidewall TC Tempcon panel THK (T) Thickness TRC Top running crane TYP Typical TYP UN Typical unless noted UHC Underhung crane W Watt or width W/ With W/O Without WG Weatherguard (Panel) Wt. Weight ZS Zamil Steel Standard Colors and Finishes AB Arabian Beige BB Bronze Brown CG Cactus Green DG Desert Gold FW Frost White PVF2 Polyvinylidene Flouride SB Shasta Blue TC Terra Cotta XPD Exterior Premium Durability XRW Exterior Roofing and Walling XSE Exterior Severe Environments Z/A Zincalume Standard Panel Profiles Profile "A" High-Rib panel Profile "B" High-Rib Plus panel Profile "C" Low-Rib panel Profile "D" Sculptured "Z" - Liner panel

Profile "E" Flat "Z" - Liner panel Profile "F" 5-Rib panel Profile "G" Deep-Rib panel Profile "R" "R" panel TCHR Tempcon High-Rib panel TCLR Tempcon Low-Rib panel TCMD Tempcon Modified panel Codes, Specifications and Standards organization ACI American Concrete Institute AISC American Institute of Steel Construction AISI American Iron and Steel Institute ANSI American National Standard Institute AS Australian Standard ASCE American Society of Civil Engineers ASTM American Society for Testing and Materials AWS American Welding Society BS British Standard (Institute) DIN Deutsches Institut for Normung e. V. (German Institute for Standardization) EN European Standards ISO International Organization for Standardization JIS Japanese Industrial Standards MBMA Metal Building Manufacturers Association SSPC Steel Structures Painting Council UBC Uniform Building Code UL Underwriters Laboratories Inc. A Accessibility Accessible route advance notice aerial photogrammetry aerobic digesters aesthetic considerations brick and concrete block walls stone walls wood and metal fences aesthetic controls aggregate base AIA Anaerobic digesters APA

arterial streets as-built records ASLA athletic facility average walking distance axioms B backfill backhoe bar charts barrier design beams bearing capacity benchmarks billing biodiversity bioengineering biomass bioretention ponds boardwalks bonding company bonuses boundary definition boundary survey brownfields bulldozers business development business parks C cadastral survey camping chaozegang123 cantilevered wall cascading waterfalls certificates of payment certifications of compliance cesspools change orders changes, unauthorized channels, stormwater circulation control circulation patterns clay lenses clay soil clean-up 2007-6-07 17:48 candlepower

clearing and grubbing client climate zones closeout cluster treatment systems co-ordinates cold collected rainwater collector streets colloidal soil commercial center design communication community commercial community facility standards community parks and recreation planning data community scale community standards compaction competition pools composting toilets conceptualization concrete crib wall cones of vision connected imperviousness conservation standards constructed wetlands construction brick and concrete block walls stone walls wood and metal fences construction document construction layout construction observation construction permits construction sequence construction survey contingencies contingency allowance contract responsibilities types of unauthorized changes contract documents control points

conveyance techniques, stormwater corrective observation corridors cost data cost estimate components equipment costs equipment crew costs general requirements costs labor cost location material overtime productivity project scale quantity take-off methods cost estimating cost plus court games court surface CPM Critical Path Method. See CPM CSI culverts cut operations D datum decking decks basic components design requirements estimating design load framing method plank-and-beam framing platform framing material hardware wood site analysis span tables structural design decks, function of deferred maintenance demolition, general demolition ,selective CPM

density design development design framework design impacts design quality design speed detail scale detention ponds development industrial. See industrial development residential. See residential development development programming development types, industrial and business dimensional Criteria dimensions dimension of human figures direct labor disconnected imperviousness disposal DL. See direct labor DL. drainage drinking water dry detention ponds durability E Eames, Charles and Ray earthwork ecological impact economic impact edge habitat edge restraint electrical lines embodied energy endwalls energy embodied. See embodied energy energy costs environmental impact analysis environmental impact statement (EIS) scoping process environmental modification equipment costs equipment crew costs equivalents

EIS

estimating stormwater runoff estimating water flows evaluation evapotranspiration rate exotic plant species eye levels F fabric reinforcement facilities planning data

feasibility planning federal regulations flood protection historic preservation National Environmental Policy Act NPDES general permits NPDES Section 10 permit 10 Section 404 permit 404 fee cost plus fixed lump sum retainer fences and walls fences, wood and metal aesthetic considerations components construction structural considerations field orders field sports field surfaces field surveys fill operations fill, general filter strips filtration filtration systems finish grading flexible pavement flood protection follow ups footage footcandle footing drains

NEPA

(NEPA)

footings forward spatial bubbles foundations fragmentation Freeway or Distributor Systems French drains friction coefficient frost depth frost-thaw cycle functional requirement G garden pool general conditions general contractor general demolition general fill general requirements general requirements costs general roadway standards geodetic survey GIS golf and driving ranges grading granular soil gravity wall graywater greenfields ground covers groundwater protection groundwater recharge groundwater resources growing season guarantees H hand level handrailings hazardous plants headwalls heavy duty herbaceous plants highway historic preservation horizontal alignment hot arid

hot humid hydrographic survey hydrologic cycle I illuminance impervious surface ratio industrial development industrial parks infiltration beds infiltration ponds infiltration wells infiltration, stormwater inspection installation Insurance Rate Maps (FIRMs) interpretation invasive species irrigation irrigation ponds irrigation systems irrigation water, sources of J job meetings joists L labor costs lagoons lamp characteristics landscape assessment Landscape Coefficient(KL) landscape planning landscape planning strategies landscape plantings, calculating water large-scale sites layout and surveying layout methods layout plans layout requirements layout survey leaching fields light depreciation light duty lighting atmosphere and character

KL

orientation and identification safety and security limit-of-work line local or minor streets local regulations aesthetic controls construction permits planned unit development regulation subdivision regulations zoning regulations rezoning variances lumen luminance lump sum fee lux Lyle, John Tillman M magnetic declination maintenance and disposal maintenance period maneuvering patterns map projections map scale markup master planning MASTERFORMAT material costs material lifecycle cost estimates material samples shenlin1006 sly5898472 2007-6-25 04:35 2007-7-01 06:49 xiexie [leonhardt][ ] ( ( 2 ) 2009)

2007-6-19 12:53 ganfabing miss-6 2007-7-10 11:49

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