Monnal VPOLQD75-MP

YM029300 / Rev. 1.
1 / 06-2009
Maintenance manual EN
www.airliquide.com
www.airliquidemedicalsystems.com
EN
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Table of contents ........................................................................................................................................................... 1
Preamble .......................................................................................................................................................................... 3
Symbols used in this maintenance manual ............................................................................................................ 4
Typography ..................................................................................................................................................................... 4
Acronyms - abbreviations ........................................................................................................................................... 4
Symbols and markings on the device ...................................................................................................................... 5
General safety advice ................................................................................................................................................... 6
Regulatory requirements ............................................................................................................................................. 8
1. Description - function ........................................................................................................................................... 9
1.1. Exterior description....................................................................................................................................... 9
1.1.1. Front view.................................................................................................................................................. 9
1.1.2. Rear view................................................................................................................................................... 9
1.1.3. Right and left side view ......................................................................................................................... 10
1.1.4. Bottom view............................................................................................................................................. 10
1.2. Principle of function.................................................................................................................................... 11
1.3. Description of function............................................................................................................................... 11
1.3.1. Function flowchart .................................................................................................................................. 11
1.3.2. Electronic sub-system ........................................................................................................................... 12
1.3.3. Mechanical sub-system......................................................................................................................... 14
1.3.4. Pneumatic sub-system .......................................................................................................................... 16
1.4. Description of the pneumatic components........................................................................................... 21
1.4.1. Blower (T)................................................................................................................................................ 21
1.4.2. Oyxygen regulating proportional solenoid valve (V1) ....................................................................... 21
1.4.3. Nebulization pressure regulator – reducer (PR1).............................................................................. 22
1.4.4. Nebulization on/off solenoid valve (V2) .............................................................................................. 22
1.4.5. Inspiratory phase proportional solenoid valve (V6)........................................................................... 22
1.4.6. Expiratory limb solenoid valves (V3, V4, V5) ..................................................................................... 23
1.4.7. 3/2 on/off patient venting solenoid valve (V7).................................................................................... 24
1.4.8. Expiratory valve ...................................................................................................................................... 25
1.4.9. Hot wire expiratory flow sensor (FS4) ................................................................................................. 26
1.4.10. Mass flow sensors (FS1, FS2, FS3).................................................................................................... 26
1.4.11. Pressure sensors ................................................................................................................................... 27
1.4.12. FiO2 cell (O2S)......................................................................................................................................... 28
1.4.13. Patient gas temperature sensor (TS1)................................................................................................ 28
1.5. Description of wiring, circuits and software......................................................................................... 29
1.5.1. Pneumatic circuits .................................................................................................................................. 29
1.5.2. Electrical wiring....................................................................................................................................... 30
2. Tools........................................................................................................................................................................ 32
3. Updating software ............................................................................................................................................... 33
4. Customized alarm configuration ..................................................................................................................... 34
5. BlackBox download ............................................................................................................................................ 36
5.1. Hardware configuration.............................................................................................................................. 36
5.2. HyperTerminal configuration.................................................................................................................... 36
5.3. Access to the transfer screen................................................................................................................... 36
5.4. BlackBox download .................................................................................................................................... 37
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6. WhiteBox download ............................................................................................................................................ 38

6.1. Hardware configuration.............................................................................................................................. 38
6.2. Hyperterminal configuration ..................................................................................................................... 38
6.3. Access to the transfer screen................................................................................................................... 39
6.4. WhiteBox download .................................................................................................................................... 40
7. Annual Preventive Maintenance ...................................................................................................................... 41
7.1. Definition........................................................................................................................................................ 41
7.2. Flowchart ....................................................................................................................................................... 41
8. Corrective Maintenance ..................................................................................................................................... 42
8.1. Flowchart ....................................................................................................................................................... 42
8.2. Replacing the internal battery .................................................................................................................. 42
8.3. Procedure for emergency shut-down..................................................................................................... 43
8.4. Alarm messages........................................................................................................................................... 43
8.5. Diagnostic aid ............................................................................................................................................... 43
9. Protocols for disassembly – reassembly and replacement of parts ...................................................... 52
9.1. Reminders...................................................................................................................................................... 52
9.2. First-stage disassembly............................................................................................................................. 53
9.3. Disassembly for corrective action........................................................................................................... 53
9.3.1. Front panel unit....................................................................................................................................... 54
9.3.2. Microprocessor card .............................................................................................................................. 57
9.3.3. Central pneumatic unit........................................................................................................................... 58
9.3.4. Flow sensor unit (FS1, FS2, FS3) ....................................................................................................... 60
9.3.5. Disassembling the blower ..................................................................................................................... 61
9.3.6. Power supply assembly......................................................................................................................... 62
9.3.7. Replacing the loudspeaker ................................................................................................................... 63
9.3.8. Replacing the cooling fans.................................................................................................................... 63
9.3.9. Exchanging the ambient air intake membrane and its filter ............................................................. 64
10. Calibration and checks on function ............................................................................................................ 65
10.1. Preamble ........................................................................................................................................................ 65
10.2. Calibration ..................................................................................................................................................... 65
10.3. Checks on function ..................................................................................................................................... 73
10.3.1. Visual check procedure ......................................................................................................................... 73
10.3.2. Acoustic check........................................................................................................................................ 74
10.3.3. Electrical safety check ........................................................................................................................... 74
10.3.4. Check on alarm for switching to internal battery ............................................................................... 75
10.3.5. Check on nebulization unit.................................................................................................................... 76
10.3.6. Check on ventilation .............................................................................................................................. 77
10.3.7. Pmaxi safety check ................................................................................................................................ 79
10.3.8. Final check .............................................................................................................................................. 79
11. Spare parts and disposable parts ............................................................................................................... 80
11.1. Spare parts .................................................................................................................................................... 80
11.1.1. Electrical parts ........................................................................................................................................ 80
11.1.2. Pneumatic parts...................................................................................................................................... 82
11.1.3. Mechanical parts .................................................................................................................................... 83
11.2. Disposable parts .......................................................................................................................................... 83
12. Electrical safety check form.......................................................................................................................... 85
13. Form for taking MONNAL T75 back into service ..................................................................................... 86
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PREAMBLE
This document is a maintenance manual, and does not serve as a replacement for the user
manual.
It is a complementary document to the latter, and is aimed at trained personnel who are competent
and qualified to make preventive maintenance and/or corrective maintenance interventions on
MONNAL T75 devices.
It contains technical information which is the property of Air Liquide Medical Systems and which
should not be divulged without the company’s prior agreement.
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SYMBOLS USED IN THIS MAINTENANCE MANUAL

Y Caution
Alerts the user to the possibility of minor or serious injury associated with the use, proper or
improper, of the device.
D Warning
Alerts the user to the possibility of a technical problem or device malfunction occurring, associated
with the use, proper or improper, of the device.
 Note
Emphasises an item of information being given.
TYPOGRAPHY
Font Example Function
Lucida Console Excessive pressure Text taken from screen
Text directing the reader to another

Italic See Chapter 3.1
chapter in the manual
Emphasises an important point in a
Bold, italic Check on patient expiration
phase
ACRONYMS - ABBREVIATIONS
Acronyms Description
CCFL Cold Cathod Fluorescent Lamp
DC Direct Current
MMI Man - Machine Interface
NIV Non - Invasive Ventilation
PEEP Positive End-Expiratory Pressure
PWM Pulse Width Modulation
SMD Surface Mount Devices
SV Solenoid valve
TFT Thin Film Transistor
µP Microprocessor
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SYMBOLS AND MARKINGS ON THE DEVICE
Manufacturer identification label

AC power supply indicator light
(overall view)
Manufacturer
Complies with European Directive

C 0459 93/42/CEE Oxygen inlet fitting
Notified Body No. 0459.
Device Catalogue Number Patient circuit inspiratory fitting
Serial Number of the device Patient circuit expiratory fitting
Date of manufacture: YYYY-MM Nebulizer fitting
Caution: refer to user manual. O2 cell cover locked
Protective earth O2 cell cover unlocked
Type B device Expiratory valve eject button
Alternating current
This logo means that the equipment
Protection Index according to the
must not be disposed of via ordinary
EN 60529 standard
waste channels. It must receive
3: protection from the penetration of
appropriate end-of-life handling, in
IP3X solid bodies of diameter ≥ 2.5 mm.
accordance with European Directive
X: no particular protection from the
2002/96/CE (WEEE).
penetration of liquids, but compliant
This device was manufactured after
with EN 60601-1 (Ed. 95).
13.08.05.
Electrical protection fuse
Power button
Alarm transfer outlet
External power supply connector
RS232 connectors
Video output
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GENERAL SAFETY ADVICE
PRECAUTIONS TO BE TAKEN BEFORE USING OXYGEN

− No source of incandescence nearby;
− No fatty deposits.
PRECAUTIONS IN THE EVENT OF A LEAK OF OXYGEN

− Do not smoke;
− Avoid all flames and sources of sparks;
− Shut off the tap on the oxygen supply;
− Ventilate the room well during the entire period of the leak and for at least 20 minutes
afterwards;
− Air your own clothing.
ELECTRICAL FEED
− Check that the voltage on the mains socket used is a correct match to the electrical properties
of MONNAL T75 (shown on the manufacturer plate on the rear);
− Do not use anti-static pipes or tubes or conductors of electricity.
ELECTROMAGNETIC COMPATIBILITY
− MONNAL T75 conforms to the requirements for protection under Directive 93/42/CEE;
− The functioning of MONNAL T75 may be affected if other equipment is being used in the
vicinity of the device, such as diathermy equipment, high-frequency electro-surgery,
defibrillators, mobile phones or, more generally, by electromagnetic interference exceeding the
levels set under the standard EN 60 601-1-2.
TAKING MONNAL T75 INTO SERVICE

Before each use, check for proper function of the audible and visual alarms and of the indicator
which lights up for an alarm, and carry out the checks listed on the form for taking MONNAL T75
into service.
USING MONNAL T75

− In conformity with the standard EN 60 601-1: 2007 (Appendix A § 7.9.2.6):
The manufacturer, the assembler, the installer or the importer shall only consider itself
responsible for the effects on the safety, reliability and characteristics of a device if:
Assembly, extensions, adjustments, modifications or repairs have been carried out
by persons whom it has authorised;
The electrical installation at the corresponding location is in conformity with IEC
specifications;
The device is used in conformity with the instructions for use.
− If the accessories employed by a user are not in conformity with the manufacturer’s
specifications, then the manufacturer is absolved of all responsibility in the event of an
incident;
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− If the spare parts used by a technician during maintenance are not in conformity with the
manufacturer’s specifications, then the manufacturer is absolved of all responsibility in the
event of an incident;
− Ventilation should not be started up immediately after storage or transport, under conditions
different from the recommended conditions for operation;
− MONNAL T75 should not be used with inflammable anaesthetic agents or explosive products;
− MONNAL T75 should not be operated in a location directly exposed to the sun;
− To achieve the correct function of MONNAL T75, provide a gentle circulation of air by keeping
the air intakes situated on the rear and upper faces of MONNAL T75 clear of obstructions.
− The manufacturer has anticipated most of the possible instances of malfunction which might
occur on MONNAL T75, and these are normally monitored by the internal surveillance system;
nevertheless, it is recommended that where the patient is totally dependent on the device, that
a supplementary system is provided, wholly independently, to monitor the effectiveness of the
ventilation, together with an emergency breathing device such as an adapted manual gas
injector.
CLEANING AND UPKEEP OF MONNAL T75

− Do not use abrasive powders, alcohol, acetone or other easily inflammable solvents;
− MONNAL T75 should be checked regularly. To plan and record maintenance operations,
please refer to the maintenance form in the user manual.
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REGULATORY REQUIREMENTS
DIRECTIVES
European Council Directive 93/42/CEE dated 13 June 1993 concerning medical devices.
Directive 2002/96/CE of the European Parliament and Council Directive dated 27 January 2003
concerning Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment (WEEE).
STANDARDS
The compliance of MONNAL T75 with the essential requirements of Directive 93/42 is based on the
following standards:
NF EN ISO 14971:2001 and A1:2003 | Application of risk management to medical devices

NF EN 60601-1:1995 and its appendices A1, A2, A11, A12 and A13 | Electromedical devices - Part
One: general safety rules
IEC 60601-1-2:2001 | Electromedical devices - Part 1-2: General safety rules - Collateral standard:
electromagnetic compatibility: requirements and tests
IEC 60601-2-12:2001 | Electromedical devices - Part 2-12: Specific safety rules for pulmonary
ventilators: Ventilators for use in intensive care
NF EN 794-1:1997 and A1:2001 | Pulmonary ventilators - Part 1: Special requirements for critical
care ventilators.
DISPOSAL OF COMPONENTS
Waste disposal :
All waste arising from the use of this respirator (patient circuit, bacteriological filters, etc.) must be
eliminated via the appropriate hospital waste disposal procedures.
Disposal of the unit :

In accordance with European Directive 2002/96/CE dated 27 January 2003 concerning Waste
Electrical and Electronic Equipment:
"Waste from electrical and electronic equipment must be eliminated via appropriate channels.
For the disposal procedures, refer to the general conditions of sale of the device."
Disposal of batteries, internal battery and O2 sensor :

In order to protect the environment, all batteries and oxygen sensors should be disposed of via the
appropriate channels.
SHIPPING THE UNIT

If the unit needs to be shipped, always send it in its original packaging. If necessary, contact your Air
Liquide Medical Systems representative to obtain replacement packaging.
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1. DESCRIPTION - FUNCTION
MONNAL T75 is a standalone air blower ventilator for resuscitation and intensive care, post-
operative recovery rooms and Emergency departments. It is intended to take charge of a patient’s
respiratory function, either partially or completely. It offers barometric or volumetric ventilation or a
combination of the two, for an O2 enrichment which is adjustable between 21% and 100%, together
with a wide range of additional functions (loops, inspiratory and expiratory pauses, nebulizer
function, low pressure feed, etc.).
1.1. EXTERIOR DESCRIPTION
1.1.1. FRONT VIEW Indicator which lights

up for an alarm
10.4” colour screen
AC power supply
indicator light
Dial
Expiratory unit and

Connection for
connection for the
inspiratory tube
expiratory tube
Push-button to eject
the expiratory unit Nebulizer socket
Ambient air socket +
inspiratory flap filter
1.1.2. REAR VIEW

RS232 ports Video output connection
Air exit filter
Low pressure
oxygen feed
High pressure
oxygen feed
ON/OFF button
Alarm transfer connector Cover to internal

battery and
silencer device
External power supply
connector
Mains power supply

connector
Cable retaining device
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1.1.3. RIGHT AND LEFT SIDE VIEW
Expiratory unit
housing
Electrical
contacts
Expiratory unit
integrated into device
O2 sensor position
O2 sensor access cover
1.1.4. BOTTOM VIEW
Feet
Railing + media filter
+ air entry filter
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1.2. PRINCIPLE OF FUNCTION
To perform its essential functions, the device brings together 4 sub-systems:
• Electronic sub-system: this supplies the energy needed to power all electrical components
and runs the overall system (sending instructions to actuators, taking measurements, etc.).
• Pneumatic sub-system: this performs the essential function of the device, i.e. ventilating the
patient.
• Mechanical sub-system: ensures a robust link between each of the components, and
provides the user with an interface combining qualities of design and ergonomics.
• Software sub-system: this is the system’s intelligence.
1.3. DESCRIPTION OF FUNCTION
1.3.1. FUNCTION FLOWCHART

Base
PNEUMATIC FEED Patient

(O2) Ventilation / Machine
Pneumatic unit PATIENT
interface
Microprocessor card
µP Ventilator
µP Monitor Face
Software: Man
Ventilator Machine OPERATOR
Monitor interface CONTROLS
ELECTRICAL Power
FEED (MAINS, (primary /
EXTERNAL DC) secondary) KEY :
Electrical link
Pneumatic link
Battery Mechanical link
Logic link
RS232 INPUT
RS232 OUTPUT
VIDEO OUTPUT
REPORT ALARM
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1.3.2. ELECTRONIC SUB-SYSTEM
The electronics can be broken down into principal functions :
- The microprocessor card, which facilitates the running together of all system elements
(actuators, meters, interface, etc.).
- The power unit, which transforms and supplies the energy required for the proper function
of the microprocessor card.
- The visual interface, comprising a graphic display, a touchscreen and visual indicators.
THE MICROPROCESSOR CARD
The microprocessor card comprises two identical Motorola CPUs:
- The ventilator: this sub-system is the processor dedicated to ventilation. It integrates the
electronic conditioning stages linked to the sensors (flow, pressure, O2, etc.), to the commands
for the electro-pneumatic elements (blower, SV. etc.), to the audible alarm (buzzer) and to the
communication with the monitor.
- The monitor: this sub-system is the processor dedicated to MMI (man-machine interface). It
allows for full management (cf. display interface), integrates the electronic stages linked to
safety and to redundancy of commands for particular elements (audible and visual alarms,
pressure metering, etc.) and handles the communications with the ventilator.
THE POWER ASSEMBLY

The power card provides the energy to the microprocessor card and to all the pneumatic actuators.
This power may be provided from multiple sources:

- From the mains supply;
- From the on-board emergency back-up battery;
- From an external battery, referred to as the external DC source, connected to MONNAL T75,
increasing system autonomy.
The power card handles automatic switching between these different power sources and informs
the microprocessor card of the sources present.
In the absence of mains power, the power module will automatically switch to the external back-up
supply if this is present, or otherwise to the internal battery.
In the latter instance, following disconnection from the mains supply for more than 8 hours, with the
machine switched off, the cut-off on the internal battery is thrown to prevent it from discharging.
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THE DISPLAY INTERFACE

The screen on MONNAL T75 comprises a 10.4” TFT colour display equipped with CCFL back-
lighting (2 x neon tubes). These CCFL are fed by a H/T converter.
The user interface is provided by means of a 5-wire resistant 10.4” touchscreen and its controller.
The controller transforms the screen position of the user’s finger into Cartesian coordinates (x, y).
The system for adjusting and validating parameters is handled by a coding dial (standard
16-position encoder). The user can also access these functions by selecting the zone for
parameterization via the touchscreen (dual access).
Similarly, the front face accommodates the indicators for the system alarms (ventilation or technical
malfunction) and for mains power on.
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1.3.3. MECHANICAL SUB-SYSTEM
The mechanical system comprises the combination of a base, which is the actual device mount,
with face containing the MMI and patient-machine interface.
THE BASE
The base is the central mount for the system, and most of the mechanical and pneumatic elements
are fixed onto it; it is divided into the following sections:
- Blower compartment:
This compartment is lined with foams to provide sound insulation.
- Power unit compartment:

In addition to the primary and secondary cards, this compartment contains all the electrical
connections to external elements for the device, such as the RS232 ports, the video output, the
alarm signal, and the connections for the external battery and the mains supply.
- Battery compartment:
This compartment is located between the power feeds and the blower. Its can be accessed
quickly by opening a cover located on the back of the device.
- Pneumatic compartment:
This comprises the various pneumatic assemblies (inspiratory and expiratory limbs, solenoid
valves, valves, flow sensors, etc.), the microprocessor card and the MMI (attached to the face).
To the rear of the device, a back plate is attached to the chassis.
Back plate
Blower compartment Battery compartment
Power unit
compartment
Pneumatic compartment
Top view (without front cover, cooling fans, front face ribbon)
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THE FACE
The face is the external casing on the device. It covers the full volume of the device in the upper
section and includes the man-machine interface, comprising the display and the 10.4” touchscreen,
the dial and the indicators linked to the system alarms and for power on.
THE PATIENT-MACHINE INTERFACE

The patient-machine interface located in the lower part of the device comprises the connection for
the inspiratory limb and the expiratory unit, in turn comprised of the expiratory valve and a flow
sensor. This unit also includes the nebulizer socket, the ambient air intake and the O2 chemical
cell, which can be accessed via the cover located on the left side face of the device.
Face
Patient – machine interface
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1.3.4. PNEUMATIC SUB-SYSTEM
PNEUMATIC CIRCUIT DIAGRAM
Nebulizer
Key:
AIR Ambient air intake
O2 LP Low-pressure oxygen inlet (concentrator)
O2 HP High-pressure O2 inlet (network, cylinder)
PATIENT Patient
NEBULIZER Nebulization outlet (calibrated coupler) to which the nebulizer is connected
BF1 Bronze filter (laminar flow) PS1 O2 pressure sensor
C1 Non-return valve PS2 Differential pressure sensor
C2 Non-return valve PS3 Atmospheric / expiratory limb pressure sensor
F1 Air intake filter (microfilter) PS4 Airway inspiratory pressure sensor

F2 O2 inlet filter (oxygen concentrator) PS5 Airway inspiratory pressure sensor (redundancy)
F3 O2 inlet filter (compressed gas) T Blower
F4 Air intake filter TS1 Patient gas temperature sensor
FS1 O2 flow sensor V1 Oxygen regulating proportional solenoid valve
FS2 Blower flow sensor V2 Nebulization on/off solenoid valve
FS3 Patient flow sensor V3 PEEP control proportional solenoid valve
FS4 Hot wire expiratory flow sensor V4 PEEP control on/off solenoid valve
M1 Membrane V5 Bleed on/off solenoid valve (redundancy)
M2 Membrane V6 Inspiratory phase control proportional solenoid valve
O2S Oxygen sensor V7 3/2 on/off patient venting solenoid valve
PR1 Pressure regulator (reducer)
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FUNCTION MODULES FOR THE PNEUMATIC SYSTEM
- Air / O2 mix module: provides a specified concentration of O2 in the patient gas, between 21%
and 100%. The variable O2 enrichment derives from proportional regulation of O2 by the SV
across the flow sensor. The enrichment rate of the gas is measured at the device exit using a
chemical cell.
- Blower: this handles pressurisation of the patient gas (air + O2 mix).
- Inspiratory limb: An inspiratory-side proportional solenoid valve enables all the ventilation
modes offered to be selected. It handles flow regulation across the patient flow sensor (FS3) or
pressure regulation across the pressure sensor (PS4), depending on the mode selected
(volumetric or barometric).
- Expiratory limb: a solenoid valve unit (proportional and on/off) handles PEEP control and
enables the circuit to be depressurised if needed.
- Additional modules:
- Patient safety module: provides for spontaneous patient breath in the event of a machine
failure;
- Nebulizer module: provides for dosing of drugs in gas form;
- Low pressure inlet nodule: allows for use of MONNAL T75 on the oxygen concentrator.
PNEUMATIC FUNCTION
Ventilation function
The blower (T) of the ventilator sucks in fresh air via the microfilter (F1) and compresses it
according to the patient and the settings concerned. The compressed gas is then distributed via a
pneumatic network according to whether an inspiratory or expiratory phase is being delivered.
Inspiratory phase:
The main component during the inspiratory phase is the solenoid valve (V6) which regulates the
flow rate via the flow sensor (FS3) when the selected mode is volume-controlled, or via the
pressure sensor (PS4) when the selected mode is pressure-controlled.
At the same time, the solenoid valves (V3), (V4) and (V5) are open, closed, and closed
respectively such that the blower pressure is applied to the membrane (M2) of the expiratory valve,
thus forcing the air sent via the solenoid valve (V6) to flow towards the patient only.
Expiratory phase:
In this phase, the patient exhales the gases inhaled in the previous phase, and the unit is expected
to regulate to a pressure determined by the settings (PEEP).
With this in mind, the solenoid valve (V4) opens to depressurise the membrane (M2) and the PEEP
control proportional solenoid valve (V3) regulates the expiration pressure via the pressure sensor
(PS4).
At the same time, the inspiratory electromagnet regulates the flow via the flow sensor (FS3) for a
rinse flow of 2 L/min. This flow limits reinhalation and allows quick detection of an inspiratory
demand.
During ventilation with leakage, such as NIV, the solenoid valve (V6) is liable to increase the
rinse flow; it then enters an 'on-demand valve' mode. The purpose of this function is to compensate
for leaks in order to maintain the PEEP in the circuit.
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Air / O2 mixture
The O2 concentration of the gases administered to the patient depends on the oxygen source. A
distinction is made between O2 network operation and concentrator operation.
Operation on an O2 network:
For proper operation, the pressure at the O2 inlet terminals (O2 HP) must be between 1.5 and 7
bars. The O2 is then filtered via F3.
The proportional solenoid valve (V1) enriches the mixture in oxygen by regulating the flow via the
flow sensor (FS1), where the set-point is proportional to the upstream flow rate (FS2) and depends
on the FiO2 setting.
The filter (BF1) throttles the flow to prevent pneumatic disturbances following the pressure
reduction of the compressed gas.
Concentrator operation:
The device is equipped with a "low pressure" connector for working with a concentrator (intake via
the filter (F2)).
During the inspiratory phase, the proportional solenoid valve (V1) regulates in accordance with the
same principle as for the ventilation function. However, given the low flows of O2 generated by the
concentrator, the proportional solenoid valve (V1) can be fully opened.
During expiration, with the flow of O2 to be delivered being lower, regulation via the solenoid valve
(V1) will be identical to regulation at high pressure.
The principle of precise control of the O2 concentration applied at high pressure is maintained
when operating with a low-pressure source, with the device constantly delivering a mix at the
correct FiO2.
However, it may well be that the mix concentration cannot be achieved since it depends:
- on the ventilation parameters,
- on the type of concentrator and its settings (the O2 flow rate delivered by the concentrator is
often low and its O2 concentration variable [between 90 and 100%])
The following graph shows the maximum concentrations that can be obtained with different
concentrator flow rates (based on an O2 concentration of 100%) according to the minute volume of
a patient ventilated at the frequency of 15c/min:
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FiO2 (%)
10L/min
5L/min
2,5L/min
Minute volume (L/min)
For example, for a concentrator delivering 5L/min and a patient ventilated in volumetric mode with
a Vt of 0.5L and a frequency of 15c/min (i.e.: a minute volume of 0.5x15=7.5L/min), the maximum
concentration that may be obtained will be approximately 50%. The device will then be capable of
delivering any required concentration below this value.
Since the device only consumes the flow that it needs to ensure correct concentration of the
mix, Air Liquide Medical Systems recommends that the low-pressure source be adjusted to its
maximum flow rate. This will make it possible to obtain a wider range of possible FiO2.
Whatever the function mode for the device, the oxygen sensor (O2S) ensures monitoring of the
concentration in the circuit.
Nebulization
The O2 supply pressure (O2 HP) is reduced in the nebulization limb by the pressure reducer (PR1)
at a pressure of 1.2 bar.
The nebulization on/off solenoid valve (V2) provides nebulization via its open and closed positions.
The nebulization flow rate then depends on the nebulizer used.
Safety - Monitoring
The primary safety element is the combination of the ambient air intake (M1) and the 3/2 on/off
patient venting solenoid valve (V7).
In normal function, the solenoid valve (V7) is switched such as to provide the connection between
the blower and the membrane (M1). The membrane is therefore positioned firmly onto its seating,
ensuring that the assembly does not leak.
In the event of a fault with the device, the solenoid valve (V7) switches and ensures a connection
between the membrane (M1) and the patient circuit.
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Thus if the patient realises spontaneous inspiration, the membrane (M1) releases from its seating
and the air is aspirated by the device’s ambient air intake. The air will have been passed through
the filter (F4) beforehand.
During patient expiration, the membrane (M1) will be positioned automatically onto its seating; the
expired air will then pass via (M2), which prevents any reinhalation of the expired gases.
The other safety elements are:
- The O2 pressure sensor (PS1): this informs the device of the presence or absence of the
oxygen feed.
- Bleed on/off solenoid valve (V5): enables the expiratory limb to be depressurised if the
PEEP control on/off solenoid valve (V4) remains blocked.
- The differential pressure sensor (PS2): gives access to the pressure blower and controls
correct switching of the venting solenoid valve (V7) during automatic tests.
- The atmospheric / expiratory limb pressure sensor (PS3): handles monitoring of pressure
in the expiratory limb.
- Airway inspiratory pressure sensor (PS5): handles monitoring of data provided by the
airway inspiratory pressure sensor (PS4).
- Blower flow sensor (FS2): in addition to its role in establishing the O2 concentration, this
handles monitoring of the O2 inlet filter (FS3).
- Temperature sensor (TS1): monitors the temperature of patient gases.
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1.4. DESCRIPTION OF THE PNEUMATIC COMPONENTS
1.4.1. BLOWER (T)
DEFINITION
Handles pressurization of the patient gas (air + O2 mix).
FUNCTION
The feed voltage to the motor is 24 V.

The blower is controlled by a signal with the following characteristics:
- Amplitude PWM (Pulse With Modulation): 0 - 12V;
- PWM: 10 kHz.
The desired voltage on the blower is in the range from 0 to 8 V.

The blower is operated at between 5200 and 7200 rpm, delivering pressures from 50 mbar to 100
mbar.
A servo-system monitored by a Hall Effect sensor allows for blower speed regulation.
D The performance of the blower is influence by atmospheric pressure, and thus by altitude (the
density of the gases is lower at altitude).
1.4.2. OYXYGEN REGULATING PROPORTIONAL SOLENOID VALVE (V1)
DEFINITION
The proportional solenoid valve (V1) handles the oxygen enrichment in the mix by
regulating flow across the flow sensor (FS1).
For FiO2 > 21%:

Closed QO2=Qmix x (FiO2-0.21)
0.79
Open QO2 Qmix
FUNCTION
V1 closed at rest.
V1 is controlled by a signal with the following characteristics:
- Amplitude PWM: 0 - 12V;
- PWM: 5 kHz.
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1.4.3. NEBULIZATION PRESSURE REGULATOR – REDUCER (PR1)
DEFINITION
The pressure of the O2 feed (O2 HP) is maintained at a pressure of 1.2 bar in the nebulization limb
by the pressure regulator (PR1).
1.4.4. NEBULIZATION ON/OFF SOLENOID VALVE (V2)
DEFINITION
The nebulization on/off solenoid valve (V2) handles nebulization via its open
and closed settings.
FUNCTION
V2 closed at rest.
This valve is activated by a 12 V square pulse signal; it is deactivated at 0 V.
1.4.5. INSPIRATORY PHASE PROPORTIONAL SOLENOID VALVE (V6)
DEFINITION
This solenoid valve controls the insufflated flow.

It is the principal element making it possible to achieve the various ventilation
modes, whether using volume or pressure control.
During insufflation, the opening of the solenoid valve is servo-controlled using the flow
measurement or pressure measurement in the inspiratory limb.
During expiration, the valve is open in order to regulate a rinse flow of 2L/min.
FUNCTION
V6 is open at rest.
V6 is controlled by a signal with the following characteristics:
- Amplitude PWM: 0V, 12V;
- PWM: 20 kHz.
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1.4.6. EXPIRATORY LIMB SOLENOID VALVES (V3, V4, V5)
DEFINITION
In the inspiratory phase, the solenoid valves (V3), (V4) and (V5) are open, V5
closed and closed respectively such that the blower pressure is applied to the
membrane (M2) of the expiratory valve, thus forcing the air sent via the V3
solenoid valve (V6) to flow towards the patient only. V4
Open Closed
Closed
Closed
In the expiratory phase, PEEP is controlled : the solenoid valve (V4) opens to depressurize the
membrane (M2) and the PEEP control proportional solenoid valve (V3) regulates the expiration
pressure across the pressure sensor (PS4).
Zero PEEP: Non-zero PEEP:
Closed Open
Open
Open
Open
Open or closed
depending on PEEP
and blower pressure
FUNCTION
V3 and V4 are closed and V5 is open at rest.
V3, a proportional solenoid valve, is controlled by a signal with the following characteristics:
- Amplitude PWM: 0 - 12V;
- PWM: 20 kHz.
V4 and V5, which are on/off solenoid valves, are activated by a 12 volt square pulse signal; they
are deactivated at 0 V.
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1.4.7. 3/2 ON/OFF PATIENT VENTING SOLENOID VALVE (V7)
DEFINITION
In normal function, the solenoid valve (V7) is switched such as to provide

the connection between the blower and the membrane (M1). The V7
membrane is therefore positioned firmly onto its seating, ensuring that the
assembly does not leak.
In the event of a fault with the device, the solenoid valve (V7) switches and ensures a connection
between the membrane (M1) and the patient circuit. Thus if the patient realizes spontaneous
inspiration, the membrane (M1) releases from its seating and the air is aspirated by the device’s
ambient air intake.
FUNCTION
This valve is activated by a 12 V square pulse signal; it is deactivated at 0 V.
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1.4.8. EXPIRATORY VALVE
DEFINITION
This valve controls patient expiration.
FUNCTION
During expiration, this valve is open to a greater or lesser degree to control the PEEP level or the
expiration flow.
The expiratory valve comprises a membrane, to which a pressure is applied such as to vary the
size of the opening through which the expired gases pass.
Membrane control pressure

Membrane Membrane
Escape of Escape of
expired gases expired gases
Patient pressure Patient pressure
EXPIRATION – NO PEEP EXPIRATION WITH PEEP
During insufflation, this valve is closed (blower pressure applied to the membrane).
Membrane control pressure
Membrane
INSUFFLATION
Patient pressure
By design, the expiratory valve features a non-return flap to prevent re-inhalation of expired
gases.
The expiratory valve can be sterilised in an autoclave, and can undergo 50 sterilisation cycles.
A unit serial number on the body of the valve advises the date of manufacture of the elements, and
if necessary makes it possible to track the number of cycles gone through.
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1.4.9. HOT WIRE EXPIRATORY FLOW SENSOR (FS4)
DEFINITION
This sensor measures the gas passing through the expiratory limb of the patient circuit.
The measurement makes it possible to:
− Display the expired flow;
− Monitor the ventilation rate per minute.
FUNCTION
The sensor comprises a resistance wire placed in the flow, and passed through by a current at a
constant level which increases the temperature of the wire in a continuous manner. The result of
this is a convection heat exchange between the wire and the flow of gas, and the resulting
temperature of the wire is indicative of the speed of the flow.
Range: From 0.5 to 200 L/min.
Accuracy: ± 5 %.
During automatic tests of the device, the hot wire expiratory flow sensor is calibrated.
During ventilation, the zeros is periodically recalibrated (every 2 minutes).
1.4.10. MASS FLOW SENSORS (FS1, FS2, FS3)
DEFINITION
This sensor is used to measure O2 flow (FS1), blower flow (FS2) and
inspiratory flow (FS3).
FUNCTION
The sensor measures heat transfer between a point A and a point B situated on one side and the
other of a heating element. The temperature difference is proportional to the mass flow.
A Heating element B
TA TB
Gas
No flow
Temperature
With flow
Operating range: from 0 to 200 L/min (voltage from 1 to 5 V).
Calibration:
− zero: during automatic tests;
− gain: In the factory, or during maintenance, 13 points.
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D Mass flow sensor function is influenced by atmospheric pressure. Accordingly, the

atmospheric pressure sensor (PS3) adjusts the value measured by the mass flow sensors FS1,
FS2 and FS3.
1.4.11. PRESSURE SENSORS
DEFINITION PS1
O2 pressure sensor (PS1): detects the presence or absence of the oxygen feed supply.
Differential pressure sensor (PS2): gives access to the pressure blower and controls correct
switching of the venting solenoid valve (V7) during automatic tests.
Atmospheric / expiratory limb pressure sensor (PS3): monitors pressure in the expiratory limb.
Inspiratory pressure sensor (PS4, PS5): located on the inspiratory limb, PS4 is involved in
pressure regulation in barometric mode; it is also involved in regulation of expiration pressure. PS5
handles monitoring of the data provided by PS4.
Microprocessor card
PS4 / PS5
PS2
PS3
FUNCTION
Pressure sensors PS1, PS2, PS3, PS4 and PS5 are piezo-electric sensors.
Piezo-electricity is the special quality which certain crystals such as quartz possess, of being able
to take on an electric charge when subjected to mechanical stresses. The quantity of the electrical
charges produced is proportional over a wide range to the pressure exerted.
This type of pressure sensor has a very short response time.
PS1, PS2, PS4 and PS5 are differential pressure sensors, i.e. they measure the difference
between a given pressure value and a reference pressure (in this instance atmospheric pressure
for PS1, PS4 and PS5, and patient pressure for PS2).
PS3 is an absolute pressure sensor, i.e. it measures pressure above absolute zero.
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1.4.12. FIO2 CELL (O2S)
DEFINITION
The FiO2 cell, an electrochemical sensor located in the inspiratory limb, enables
measurement of the percentage of O2 in the air - O2 mix.
FUNCTION
This sensor performs an electrolytic reaction. The current produced is proportional to the partial
pressure of oxygen; however, a compensation of this pressure is realized each time the automatic
tests are launched. Calibration is automatic during the automatic tests, and is made to 21%.
Range: from 21 % to 100%.

Relative accuracy: ± 3 %.
By virtue of its engineering, the lifetime of the FiO2 cell depends on the ventilator’s consumption
of O2.
The function of the FiO2 cell is influenced by pressure (atmospheric pressure and circuit pressure)
and by temperature; in order to mitigate this, software compensation is provided which takes
account of the measurements from the pressure and temperature sensors.
A 10% drop in the voltage in the cell is observed for each additional 1000 metres in altitude. For
example, for a cell with a voltage of 15 mV at sea level, the voltage will fall to 13.5 mV at 1000
metres altitude.
Ambient humidity similarly influences the measurement of oxygen, at a rate of -0.03% per %Hr at
25°C.
1.4.13. PATIENT GAS TEMPERATURE SENSOR (TS1)
DEFINITION
The sensor monitors the temperature of patient gases.
FUNCTION
The output voltage from the temperature sensor is linearly proportional to the temperature in
degrees Celsius (+ 10.0 mV/°C).
Range: −55°C to +150°C

Accuracy: 0.5°C (at 25°C)
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1.5. DESCRIPTION OF WIRING, CIRCUITS AND SOFTWARE
1.5.1. PNEUMATIC CIRCUITS
Central pneumatic assembly
1*
4
2 3
7
6
Inspiratory unit
Microprocessor card
Expiratory valve unit +

expiratory flow sensor
* Figures indicated on the plan above are the ones located on the rings of the concerned hoses.
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1.5.2. ELECTRICAL WIRING
MICROPROCESSOR CARD
RS232 + video output Alarm signal V6
PS1
Loudspeaker
O2S Cooling fans
Temperature
sensor
Blower
V1
Solenoid valve
set
PS4 / PS5
Secondary power
PS2 feed card
PS3
To MMI
FS4
FS1, FS2, FS3
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POWER FEED CARDS
External
battery
Microprocessor card
Primary power feed card Secondary power feed card
Power feed fan
Internal battery
Stop – Start button
Mains power supply socket

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2. TOOLS
The following tables indicate the standard and specific equipment necessary for the maintenance
of MONNAL T75 :
• Standard equipment :
Software Type of Maintenance

Type of device
update Preventive Corrective
External Manometer 0 – 5 bar Class 1 X X
metering Manometer 0 – 100 mbar Class 1 X X
unit Atmospheric pressure manometer X
Flow sensor 0 – 200 L/min X
External oxygen meter
OR X X
Digital voltmeter X
T connector, pressure socket X X
Nebulizer kit X X
PC (with a hyperterminal link) X
• Specific equipment :
Software Type of Maintenance

Type of device Reference
update Preventive Corrective
Lung test VS206103 X X
Key to disassemble the O2 socket YA000700 X
Key to disassemble the BM socket YA004400 X
RS232 F/F connector cable YR074500 X
M/M adapter YR074900 X
Nebulizer kit : autoclavable KB007200
X X
or single-use (x20) KB025200
We recommend using an external metering unit of the type PF300 from IMT Medical, or similar.
This type of system simultaneously performs the function of manometer (0-5 bar, 0-100 mbar,
atmospheric pressure), flow meter 0-200L/min, and oxygen meter - making it possible to measure
the following ventilation parameters: F, I/E, Vti, Vte, PEEP, AI.
D Rotameter-type flow sensors are sensitive to altitude. Air Liquide Medical Systems advises
against their use, and recommends using pressure-compensated flow sensors.
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3. UPDATING SOFTWARE
The procedure for updating software (MONNAL T75 software and power supply software) is
supplied with every new software version. Please consult the document accompanying the new
software version.
Access to the screens for software update is as follows:
- The ventilator being live and in standby, press simultaneously on the dial and on the
centre of the touchscreen;
- The maintenance screen then appears, with the right-hand toolbar as shown:
- The " FlashAlim." button enables the user to access the software update function
for the power feed card;
- The "Update" button enables the user to access the software update function for
the ventilator.
In order to perform a software update on MONNAL T75, you will require an RS232 F/F connector
cable, reference YR074500, and a M/M adapter, reference YR074900.
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4. CUSTOMIZED ALARM CONFIGURATION

This paragraph indicates how to parametrize the sound level of the customized alarm, which can
be selected by the user in the same way as the standard alarm.
In the stand-by screen, press simultaneously during 5 seconds on the dial and on the audible
alarm inhibit button:
Zone to
press on
A hidden menu appears at the right of the screen :
Select "Settings", the following screen appears then:
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Press on the "Volume setting" button.
Select via the dial the level of volume wished for the customized alarm.
4 levels of volume can be then adjusted: 25, 50, 75 and 100 %.
Press on the dial to validate.
The shut-down or the software update of the device does not modify the characteristics of the
settled alarm.
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5. BLACKBOX DOWNLOAD
This paragraph indicates the procedure to be followed to download the BlackBox of MONNAL T75
in case of appearance of a technical defect or a demand of expertise.
To download the BlackBox, it is necessary to have a PC provided with the HyperTerminal program.
This program allows the communication between the PC and MONNAL T75.
5.1. HARDWARE CONFIGURATION
Monitor communication port
Requirements : YR074500 cable
5.2. HYPERTERMINAL CONFIGURATION

Open a HyperTerminal session on the PC by selecting the following fields: "start", " All the
programs ", "Accessories", "Communications", then "HyperTerminal".
Give a name to the connection, for example "BB _Transfer _MT75".
Select the chosen port of connection, then set the parameters to:
Bits per seconde : 38400

Data bits : 8
Parity : None
Stop bits : 1
Flow control : None
5.3. ACCESS TO THE TRANSFER SCREEN

In stand-by mode, select « Menu » then « Ventilator configuration »:
Select « Transfer ».
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5.4. BLACKBOX DOWNLOAD
In the Hyperterminal tool bar, select « Transfer Î Receive a file… ».

The « Receive a file… » pop-up appears:
Select the folder where to receive the future transferred file (« Browse »).
Select « Xmodem » as the device communication protocol then « Receive »:
Name the file with the .his extension « BB_MT75_SNxxx.his », where SNxxx is the serial
number of the device.
Select « Transfer ».
The transfer starts.

At the end of the download, the device gets back to stand-by mode. Send the transferred file
« BB_MT75_SNxxx.his » to Air Liquide Medical Systems.
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6. WHITEBOX DOWNLOAD
This paragraph indicates how to download the MONNAL T75 WhiteBox when a technical failure
occurs.
The WhiteBox allows to restore ventilation signals before and after the appearance of a technical
defect, so as to complete the data of the BlackBox and to optimize the diagnosis of maintenance.
The download of the WhiteBox is to be operated only in case the technical defect corresponds to
an alarm drawn by the WhiteBox (see § 8.5 Diagnostic aid).
It is really important to follow step by step what is disclosed in the present paragraph.
6.1. HARDWARE CONFIGURATION
Ventilator communication port
Requirements : YR074500 cable +

YR074900 adapter
Connect the cable to the Ventilator communication port of MONNAL T75 but not yet to the PC
COM port.
6.2. HYPERTERMINAL CONFIGURATION

Open a Hyperterminal session, as indicated to the paragraph 5.2, and set the parameters to:
Bits per seconde : 19200

Data bits : 8
Parity : None
Stop bits : 1
Flow control : None
Connect the cable to the PC COM port. The connexion should be established and letters
continuously scrolling.
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6.3. ACCESS TO THE TRANSFER SCREEN

Unit on stand-by, press on the validation dial while touching the middle of the screen.
Zone to
press on
A hidden menu appears at the right of the screen :
Select « Diag. » then « WhiteBox », the download screen appears :
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6.4. WHITEBOX DOWNLOAD

In the Hyperterminal tool bar, select « Transfer Æ Receive a file… ».
The « Receive a file… » pop-up appears :
Select the folder where to receive the future transferred file (« Browse »).
Select « Xmodem » as the device communication protocol then « Receive » :
Name the file with the .XLS extension « WB_MT75_SNxxx.xls », where SNxxx is the serial
number of the device.
Select « Transfer » on MONNAL T75 interface.

The download starts and lasts aproximately 2 minutes. The final size of the file should be about
100 Ko.
D When the download ends, push the button to erase the WhiteBox, so as to authorize a
later recording of data on it.
You can therefore exit the menu and go back to the stand-by mode.
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7. ANNUAL PREVENTIVE MAINTENANCE
7.1. DEFINITION
Preventive maintenance conducted annually.
It comprises a check on the performance of the device (see Chapter 10.3. Checks on function).
Its standard duration is 2 hours.
Preventive maintenance does not require the use of a kit of maintenance.
7.2. FLOWCHART
PREVENTIVE MAINTENANCE
Checks on function
(see § 10.3)
Check on ventilation alone
Automatic tests
Yes
No
Success? Calibrate sensors Success?
(see § 10.2)
Yes
No
End of maintenance
Fill the form for taking Flowchart for

back into service
(see § 13) CORRECTIVE MAINTENANCE
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8. CORRECTIVE MAINTENANCE
8.1. FLOWCHART
CORRECTIVE MAINTENANCE
Automatic tests
Checks on function (see § 10.3)

Yes
Success ? Fill the form for taking back into service
(see § 13)
No
Calibration
(cf § 10.2)
Parts replacement Calibration screen
Calibration of flow
Flow sensor sensors
Checks on function
O2 pressure sensor Calibration of O2
pressure sensors (see § 10.3)
Solenoid valve unit Calibration of

expiratory branch Fill the form for taking
back into service
(see § 13)
Microprocessor card Full calibration
Other components Automatic

tests
Device not live

O2 disconnected
D When replacing one of the following internal components on MONNAL T75: flow sensor,
pressure sensor, solenoid valve unit, or microprocessor card, the corresponding calibration
procedure (§ 10.2) must be performed, along with the check on function (§ 10.3).
8.2. REPLACING THE INTERNAL BATTERY

The nominal lifetime of the internal battery is guaranteed for 500 charge/discharge cycles. A low-
priority alarm “Battery maintenance! Contact technical department” advises on
imminent replacement, based on the number of charge/discharge cycles recorded.
Disassembling the battery is described in Chapter 9.2.
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8.3. PROCEDURE FOR EMERGENCY SHUT-DOWN

The device shuts down if the Start button is kept pressed in for 15 seconds.
If the Start button is no longer functioning, disconnect the internal battery and the mains power
connection.
8.4. ALARM MESSAGES

The list of alarm messages is linked to the software version used.
To know which version is in use, refer to the user manual and the technical note indicating the
evolutions of to the used software version.
8.5. DIAGNOSTIC AID

The table below lists all the technical alarms programmed on MONNAL T75, and for each
message indicates the possible causes which might trigger the alarm and the actions to be initiated
to rectify the problem.
For each alarm, the actions to be implemented are listed in order of implementation. If the fault
persists once the 1st item has been performed, move on to the next recommended action, and so on.
If the fault persists despite checking all the points listed, please contact our technical department.
The table also indicates the alarms drawn by the white box. The procedure of download of the
white box appears in the paragraph 6.
White box
No. Alarm Priority Possible causes triggering the alarm / Actions drawing
1) Analyse the user configuration (Pmax set too low,

blocked expiration filter) and advise users, if
Expiratory necessary, to be vigilant for blockage to expiration
2 branch might be HIGH YES
obstructed !!! filters.
2) Check the expiratory membrane (poor positioning,
sticking, etc.) and replace if necessary.
1) Check connections (card to card lead, card

Error detected connector, signs of oxidation on contacts, etc.) and
3 !!! Contact the HIGH replace the defective element if necessary. NO
tech. department 2) Replace the power feed card.
3) Replace the microprocessor card.
1) Check that the air intake filter is not clogged up. If

so, replace it.
Error detected 2) Check connections (blower lead, card connector,
4 !!! Contact the HIGH YES
tech. department etc.) and replace the defective element if necessary.
3) Replace the blower.
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White box
1) Check connections (inspiratory valve lead, card

Error detected connector, etc.) and replace the defective element if
5 !!! Contact the HIGH necessary. YES
tech. department 2) Replace the inspiratory valve.
Initiate automatic tests, and if the alarm persists:
1) Check connections (SV connector, etc.)

Error detected 2) Check whether the silicon hoses on the expiratory
tech. department membrane and on the pressure sensor are fitted and
not stuck.
3) Replace the SV unit.
1) Collect details on the conditions at the time of use

Error detected when the fault occurred and contact our technical
tech. department department.
1) Restart the device in accordance with the

procedure described in § 8.3 (mains power, battery)
and check whether the alarm continues. If the alarm
message disappears, contact our technical
department .
Error detected 2) Check connections (power feed communications
8 !!! Contact the HIGH NO
tech. department lead, card connector, etc.) and replace the defective
element if necessary.
3) In the event of updating the power feed software,
perform the software download again.
4) Replace the power feed card.
Error detected
Contact our technical department.
tech. department
44 YM029300 / Rev. 1.1 / 06-2009

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White box
1) Restart the device using the procedure described

in § 8.3 (button). If the alarm disappears, contact our
technical department.
2) Check that the position of the switchs on the
microprocessor card is correct and that the software
version is valid (if the
defect appeared
after downloading
Error detected a software version).
tech. department
switchs
1) Check connections (back-lighting lead, converter

card lead, interconnection card lead, front face ribbon,
Error detected card connector, etc.) and replace the defective
13 !!! Contact the HIGH element if necessary. NO
tech. department 2) Replace the back-lighting.
3) Replace the back-lighting converter card.
4) Replace the interconnection card.
1) Check connections (back-lighting lead, converter

card lead, interconnection card lead, front face ribbon,
Error detected card connector, etc.) and replace the defective
14 !!! Contact the HIGH element if necessary. NO
tech. department 2) Replace the back-lighting.
3) Replace the back-lighting converter card.
4) Replace the interconnection card.

in § 8.3 (button), if it is a fault after updating the
software, and change the ventilation setting to a
Error detected different value.
tech. department 2) Check the voltage on the battery and replace if
necessary.
3) Check the battery connections.
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White box

in § 8.3 (button), if it is a fault after updating the
software, and change the alarm trigger setting to a
Error detected different value.
tech. department 2) Check the voltage on the battery and replace if
necessary.
3) Check the battery connections.
1) Check that the silicon hoses are not stuck.

Error detected 2) Carry out a calibration on the low pressure
tech. department sensors.
1) Investigate for a possible internal leak.

2) Calibrate the flow sensors.
3) Check connections (flow sensor lead, flow filter
Error detected sensor card connector, etc.) and replace the defective
tech. department element if necessary.
4) Replace flow sensors.
5) Replace the flow filter sensor card.
1) This alarm signals a lack of O2 feed. If the user has

O2 supply correctly connected the device to a HP source of O2
21 pressure too low HIGH (supply network, cylinder, etc.), check that the feed NO
!!! pressure is between 2.8 and 6 bar.
2) Calibrate the O2 pressure sensor.
1) This alarm signals an O2 pressure above 7 bar.

O2 supply Check that the feed pressure is between 2.8 and 6
22 pressure too HIGH NO
high !!! bar.
2) Calibrate the O2 pressure sensor.
1) Check on the conditions at the time of the fault,

particularly the type of source (supply network, O2
23 Error detected cylinder, use of a LP source, etc.) and, if necessary,
!!! Contact the HIGH YES
tech. department whether maintenance was being performed on the
network.
2) Check connections (O2 SV, O2 flow sensor, etc.).
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White box
Check connections (O2 flow sensor lead, flow filter

sensor card connector, etc.) and replace the defective
Error detected element if necessary.
tech. department It is possible to check the connectors on the sensors
by swapping them over and seeing if the
phenomenon is reported on a different sensor.
1) Check that no foreign body is blocking the cooling

fan on the feed side (discharge filter blocked).
Error detected 2) Check that the cooling fan connector is correctly
tech. department attached.
3) Replace cooling fans.
1) Check connections (SV connector, etc.)

2) Check whether the silicon hoses on the expiratory
Error detected membrane and on the pressure sensor are fitted and
tech. department not stuck.
1) Check connections (SV lead, discharge silicone

Error detected seal stuck or blocked, etc.).
tech. department 2) Replace the SV unit.
Error detected 1) Check connections (SV lead, etc.)

32 !!! Contact the HIGH 2) Replace the SV unit. NO
tech. department 3) Replace the microprocessor card.
Error detected
33 !!! Contact the HIGH Replace the microprocessor card. NO
tech. department
Internal battery HIGH 1) Check connections (battery connector, etc.)

37 unavailable !!! [acknow- 2) Replace the battery. NO
Check battery ledgeable] 3) Replace the power feed card.
Error detected
38 !!! Contact the HIGH Replace the power feed card. NO
tech. department
YM029300 / Rev. 1.1 / 06-2009 47

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White box
1) Check that the alarm is permanent by restarting the

device using the procedure described in § 8.3 (button,
then mains supply, battery if necessary). If it is not
permanent, report the information to our technical
Error detected department.
tech. department 2) Check connections (power feed communications
lead, card connector, etc.) and replace the defective
element if necessary.
3) Replace the power feed card.
1) Find out about the conditions at the time of the fault

(type of ventilation, ambient temperature at the time
Delivered gases the fault occurred, etc.).
41 too hot !!! HIGH NO
2) Check the function of the blower fan, and the
degree of blockage to the intake and discharge air
filters.
Error detected 1) Check that the silicon hose is not stuck.

Error detected 1) Check that the silicon hose is not stuck.

Check connections (patient flow sensor lead, flow

filter sensor card connector, etc.) and replace the
Error detected defective element if necessary. It is possible to check
tech. department the connectors on the sensors by swapping them over
and seeing if the phenomenon is reported on a
different sensor.
1) If a software version has just been installed or a

microprocessor card has just been replaced, calibrate
Error detected the device.
45 !!! Contact the HIGH 2) Check the voltage on the battery and replace if NO
tech. department
necessary, and calibrate.
3) Check the battery connections, and calibrate.
48 YM029300 / Rev. 1.1 / 06-2009

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White box
1) Use an external meter to check whether the

atmospheric pressure is between 700 and 1100 mbar.
Error detected 2) Calibrate the sensor in maintenance mode.
tech. department 3) Check that the silicon seal is fitted, that it is not
stuck and is attached in the correct place.
Restart the HIGH

49 automatic tests [acknow- Restart the automatic tests. NO
!!! ledgeable]
Check connections (blower flow sensor lead, flow

filter sensor card connector, etc.) and replace the
Error detected defective element if necessary. It is possible to check
tech. department the connectors on the sensors by swapping them over
and seeing if the phenomenon is reported on a
different sensor.
1) Check connections (O2 pressure sensor lead, card

Error detected connector, etc.) and replace the defective element if
51 !!! Contact the HIGH necessary. NO
tech. department 2) Replace the O2 pressure sensor.
1) Compare the value for the FiO2 delivered with that

read by the cell, using an external measuring device.
2) Restart the automatic tests to calibrate the cell.
3) Investigate for a possible internal leak.
52 Error detected 4) Check or replace the O2 cell.
!!! Contact the HIGH YES
tech. department 5) Perform maintenance on O2 and blower flow
sensors.
6) Check or replace the O2 flow sensor and/or its
connector and/or the flow filter sensor card.
FiO2 measurement
53 inoperative !!! HIGH Restart the automatic tests. NO
Error detected 1) Replace the temperature connector.

Error detected 1) Replace the loudspeaker.

55 !!! Contact the HIGH 2) Replace the microprocessor card. NO
tech. department
56 Error detected
!!! Contact the HIGH Replace the microprocessor card. NO
tech. department
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White box
1) Check the hot wire sensor, and replace if

Expiratory flow necessary.
57 measurement HIGH 2) Check connections (sensor lead, card connector, NO
inoperative !!! etc.) and replace the defective element if necessary.
Error detected 1) Switch off the machine and restart automatic tests.
1) Restart the device in accordance with the

procedure described in § 8.3 (button) and check
whether the alarm continues. If the alarm message
disappears, contact our technical department.
Error detected 2) Check connections (touchscreen lead, controller
tech. department card lead, interconnection card lead, card connector,
etc.) and replace the defective element if necessary.
3) Replace the touchscreen controller card.
4) Replace the interconnection controller card.
1) Check connections (blower lead, card connector,

Error detected etc.)
67 !!! Contact the MEDIUM NO
tech. department 2) Replace the blower.
Error detected Carry out an automatic test and refer to the alarm
68 !!! Contact the MEDIUM YES
tech. department message which results.
Error detected 1) Check that the silicon hose on the differential

69 !!! Contact the MEDIUM pressure sensor (PS2) is fitted and not stuck. NO
Error detected 1) Check the condition of the touchscreen (impulse

70 !!! Contact the MEDIUM present, clamped and centred on the lid, etc.) NO
tech. department 2) Replace the touchscreen unit.
Error detected
72 !!! Contact the MEDIUM Replace the microprocessor card. NO
tech. department
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White box
1) Check that no foreign body is blocking the cooling

Error detected fan on the blower side (discharge filter blocked).
81 !!! Contact the LOW 2) Check that the cooling fan connector is correctly NO
tech. department attached.
3) Replace cooling fans.
Error detected 1) Replace the proportional solenoid valve V6.
82 !!! Contact the LOW NO
1) Check the voltage on the battery and replace if

Error detected necessary.
tech. department 2) Check the battery connections.
1) Check the voltage on the battery and replace if

Error detected necessary.
tech. department 2) Check the battery connections.
Error detected 1) Check connections (SV lead, etc.)

85 !!! Contact the LOW 2) Replace the SV unit. NO
Error detected
86 !!! Contact the LOW Replace the microprocessor card. NO
tech. department
FiO2 sensor to
89 be soon replaced LOW Restart the automatic tests. NO
!
Battery
maintenance !
90 Contact the LOW Battery replacement imminent. NO
tech. department
1) Check whether the Nebulizer was connected to the

patient circuit during the automatic tests, and if
necessary restart the tests.
Did you start 2) Check the pressure reducing valve setting (1.2
the automatic LOW
91 tests with the [acknow- bar). NO
ledgeable] 3) Check connections (SV nebulization lead, card
nebulizer ?
connector, etc.)
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9. PROTOCOLS FOR DISASSEMBLY – REASSEMBLY

AND REPLACEMENT OF PARTS
Y Before starting work, ensure that:
- The power to the device is switched off;
- The oxygen socket is disconnected;
- A check has been made to ensure the absence of any contamination inside the
device (expiratory valve, etc.)
- Personal protection measures are implemented (wearing of gloves, goggles, anti-
static apron, etc.).
Disassembly of any element on MONNAL T75, apart from the back plate, involves an obligatory
requirement for a full check of the device (cf. §13 Form for taking back into service).
9.1. REMINDERS
Some reminders, to prevent the connectors from being damaged:
KK-TYPE ELECTRICAL CONNECTORS
These connectors should normally be removed by lifting the plastic clips and then pulling on the cable.
HOSES ON THE ELECTRONIC PRESSURE SENSORS
The hoses should be removed from the electronic pressure sensors by pulling the hose with
moderate force while working the hose clear of the sensor cable support sleeve.
Avoid placing any mechanical stress on the sensor itself. Mechanical stress could sever the
electrical tabs of these sensors.
If possible, do not disconnect the hose on the sensor side but instead on the connector side.
Avoid the application of any sudden depressurising or overpressure to the sensor. To do this, do
not clamp the tube fully when connecting and de-connecting.
POLYURETHANE TUBE
A Polyurethane® tube is removed in two steps.
- Firstly, perform the same action as when connecting the pipe in the quick-fit connector.
- When it is at the bottom of its housing, press on the black bushing, hold it down, and pull on the
pipe. The tube comes out easily.
Reinstallation is not difficult, but it is advisable to ensure that the tube is sufficiently lodged in its
housing (5 to 8 mm) to avoid any leakage.
HANDLING OF COMPONENTS (AND ELECTRICAL CONTACTS IN GENERAL)
The tabs of components (e.g.: EPROM) and all the components intended to go in electrical
contacts (e.g. connector base) should not be touched, because they are affected by the acidity of
the skin.
ELECTRONIC BOARDS
Use an anti-static carpet provided with a bracelet when handling an electronic board.
If you remove the board, place the soldered side on this carpet.
Handle with care and without applying any mechanical stress. Be aware of the relative mechanical
fragility of the SMDs (surface mount devices).
The disassembly/reassembly of the microprocessor board must be performed with care. In particular,
tools must not be allowed to slip, in case they damage the surrounding components or tracks.
ELECTROSTATIC CHARGES
Before touching a component, touch an earthing connection to ensure that you are free of
electrostatic charges.
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9.2. FIRST-STAGE DISASSEMBLY
REMOVING THE BATTERY
Turn off the device, disconnect the mains power lead;

Unclip the battery access panel on the back plate;
Remove the 2 screws on the internal cover using a 2.5 mm Allen key, and remove the cover;
Disconnect the lead and remove the battery.
REMOVING THE SILENCER CARTRIDGE

Unclip the battery access panel on the back plate;
Remove the screw on the internal cover using a 2.5 mm Allen key, and remove the cover;
Remove the cartridge.
Silencer cartridge
Calibration plug
9.3. DISASSEMBLY FOR CORRECTIVE ACTION

First remove the back plate:
- Lever off using a screwdriver or similar, at the 2 slots underneath the device;
- Unclip the bottom section and then the top section of the plate.
Back plate
Slots
Bottom of the device
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9.3.1. FRONT PANEL UNIT
REMOVING THE FRONT COVER
Remove the 7 screws to the backing plate using a 2.5 mm Allen key;
Slide the front cover forwards;
Disconnect the ribbon on the front face, on the microprocessor card side;
Remove the front cover.
Internal view of the front cover : Ribbon, front face
Card, front face
Card, back-lighting Conductor controller

converter touchscreen / front
face card
Conductor, back- Card, controller
lighting converter / touchscreen
front face card
Ribbon,
MMI unit touchscreen
Conductor screen /
MMI coder front face card
REPLACING THE DIAL AND THE ENCODER
Having removed the front cover, remove the dial by applying pressure on it using a 3mm Allen key,
which will pass through the 2 holes on the front cover by the inside;
MMI coder
Coder clip
Washer + nut
Dial
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Unclip the encoder ribbon from the front face card;

Remove the screw using a suitable 10 mm tool;
Remove the washer and the coder clip, and take out the encoder.
 When assembling the dial, respect the positioning of the flat face when attaching to the encoder.
REPLACING THE TOUCHSCREEN CONTROLLER CARD
Disconnect the white touchscreen ribbon;

Remove the 2 screws on the card using a 2.5 mm Allen key;
Disconnect the controller card lead;
Replace the touchscreen controller card.
Reassemble by performing this sequence in reverse.
REPLACING THE FRONT FACE CARD
Remove all ribbons and leads from the card (front face ribbon, screen lead, touchscreen controller
card lead, back-lighting converter card lead, mains power indicator lead);
Y Remove the screen conductor – front face card with care, disconnecting it at the junction.
Remove the 4 screws using a 2.5 mm Allen key;

Replace the front face card.
REPLACING THE BACK-LIGHTING CONVERTER CARD
Disconnect the 2 leads;

Remove the 2 screws using a 2.5 mm Allen key;
Replace the back-lighting converter card.
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REPLACING THE SCREEN – TOUCHSCREEN UNIT
Disconnect the power supply indicator lead;

Unclip the encoder ribbon from the front face card;
Remove the 4 screws using a 3 mm Allen key (1);
Remove the screen – touchscreen – metal plate unit.
In the event that the screen or the touchscreen has failed, remove the MMI metal sheet:
Disconnect the lead on the neon tube;
Remove the 4 screws supporting the metal plate in place, using a suitable 5.5 mm tool (jack, flat key
etc.) (2);
Remove the screen – front face card lead, at the front face card end;
Remove the touchscreen ribbon;
Remove the screen-touchscreen unit;
Keep the screen - front face card lead safe to reconnect the new screen - touchscreen unit.
 To reassemble the screen - touchscreen unit, pass the white ribbon across the lamp.
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REPLACING NEON TUBES

Position of neon
tubes
Remove the MMI metal plate;
Cross screw
Remove the screw using a Phillips screwdriver;
Gently lift and pull on the neon tube by sliding it.
 To reassemble the neon tube, push it inside the gliding

channel until it reaches the stop, then encase it.
9.3.2. MICROPROCESSOR CARD
 It is advisable to take precautions to prevent electrostatic discharge.
Remove the front cover;

Remove the accessible leads from the microprocessor card;
Remove the 4 screws with a 3 mm Allen key, being careful not to drop the lockwashers;
Place the card on the patient interface fascia;
Disconnect the leads (temperature sensor, proportional O2 valve, solenoid valve unit) and connection
pieces associated with the pressure sensors;
Remove the microprocessor card.
Li battery
REPLACING THE LITHIUM BATTERY
Remove the lithium battery (cf. positioning below);

Replace the battery, taking care not to touch the contacts with your fingers, as this will cause
oxidation.
Reassemble the microprocessor card by performing this sequence in reverse.
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9.3.3. CENTRAL PNEUMATIC UNIT
Bleed solenoid O2 pressure sensor (PS1)

valve (V5)
Patient venting solenoid
valve (V7) O2 regulating proportional
PEEP control proportional solenoid valve (V1)
solenoid valve (V3) Nebulization on/off
solenoid valve (V2)
PEEP on/off
solenoid valve (V4) Nebulization pressure
regulator (reducer) (PR1)
Inspiratory valve (V6)
Before any disassembly / replacement work on an element in the central pneumatic unit (apart from
the inspiratory valve), remove the microprocessor card.
REPLACING THE INSPIRATORY VALVE
Remove the 4 screws using a 2.5 mm Allen key.
DISMANTLING THE NÉBULIZATION PRESSURE REGULATOR

(REDUCER)
Remove the fast connector nut adjacent to the nebulization outlet using
an 8 mm flat key;
Undo the nut in the pressure regulator using a 17 mm flat screw.

Adjusting the pressure regulator is described in Chapter 10.3.5.
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REPLACING THE O2 PROPORTIONAL SOLENOID VALVE
Unscrew the 2 screws supporting the valve, sized 1 to 2 mm, using a

2mm Allen key;
Rotate the valve in such a way that the heads of the screws are facing
the flat side;
Remove the 2 screws;
Pull the valve towards you.
Reassembly:
Insert the valve into its housing by a movement of rotation, by having beforehand lightly lubricating
the joint of the valve seating with some medical oxygen compatible grease;
Position the 2 screws in front of flat sides then rotate the valve in such a way that the heads of the
screws are facing the ridges of the valve within their housing;
Tighten the 2 screws.
Y Take care not to break the O-ring joint on the valve during reassembly.
REPLACING THE SOLENOID VALVES
Remove all the screws holding the solenoid valves in place;
Patient venting
PEEP proportional
solenoid valve
solenoid valve
PEEP on/off Bleed solenoid valve
solenoid valve
Nebulization
valve
Disconnect them from the assembly.

Check that the solenoid valves are properly equipped with a joint.
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REPLACING THE O2 PRESSURE SENSOR
Unscrew the O2 pressure sensor using a 21 mm flat key or similar tool.
9.3.4. FLOW SENSOR UNIT (FS1, FS2, FS3)
Remove and retain the microprocessor card;

Remove the central pneumatic unit :
o Remove the 2 screws using a 5 mm Allen key (1) ;
o Remove the hard rubber guide piece attached to the central pneumatic unit from the bottom
(2);
o Remove the nut holding the HP O2 intake connection, using a flat key (3);
Remove the cover from the flow sensor unit, using a flat-head screwdriver;
FS1
FS2
FS3
Rotate the sensor in question to the right;

Flow direction
Disconnect the lead.
60 YM029300 / Rev. 1.1 / 06-2009

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Y Ensure that the flow sensors are correctly reassembled in the right direction, with the help of the
arrows marked on the flow sensors and the direction of flow indicated via the arrows on the RH diagram
above.
9.3.5. DISASSEMBLING THE BLOWER
Y Ensure in advance of starting work that the blower surfaces are not too hot.
Remove the blower gate, by removing the 4 screws with a 2.5 mm Allen key;
Disconnect the microprocessor lead;
In order to pass this lead through the recess in the chassis, free up some space by removing the
screw front left of the chassis and the screw top left on the microprocessor card;
Chassis recess
Chassis screw to be
removed
Blower position
screw
Remove the 4 screws holding the blower in place, using a 3 mm Allen key;
Remove the blower.
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9.3.6. POWER SUPPLY ASSEMBLY
REPLACING THE POWER SUPPLY CARD UNIT
Y Before all works, check that the system is disconnected from all power sources (mains power supply,
internal battery, external battery).
Remove the 3 screws on the secondary power feed card, using a 2.5 mm Allen key;
Disconnect the leads and remove the secondary power feed card;
Remove the protective grille on the primary card by removing the 2 screws using a 2.5 mm Allen key;
Remove the connector from the 230V power supply lead on the primary power feed card;
Remove the 4 screws on the primary power supply card using a 2.5 mm Allen key;
Remove the primary power supply card.
REPLACING THE POWER SUPPLY FAN
Remove the secondary power supply card and then the primary power
supply card;
Remove the 2 screws from the power supply fan using a 2.5 mm Allen
key.
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9.3.7. REPLACING THE LOUDSPEAKER
Remove the 4 screws holding the loudspeaker in place using a 3 mm Allen key, and the spacers.
9.3.8. REPLACING THE COOLING FANS
Disconnect the lead to the fan;

Remove the silicon fan supports, then remove the cooling fans.
Reassembly:
Position the new silicone supports;
New silicone fan
support (x8)
Place the cooling fans in position;

Cut off the excess from the silicone supports.
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9.3.9. EXCHANGING THE AMBIENT AIR INTAKE MEMBRANE AND ITS FILTER
Loosen the 4 chassis fastening screws using a 5 mm Allen key;

Slide off the chassis to the rear to allow for good access to the inspiratory unit;
Remove the hose connected to the patient safety plug;
Patient safety
plug
Silicone disc
Ambient air intake
filter
Membrane
Remove the 3 fastening screws on the safety plug;

Remove the patient safety plug;
Remove the membrane + disc unit;
Remove the ambient air intake filter by pushing it from the outside using a suitable tool.
 Reassembly:
Reassemble by following the procedure in reverse;
The red silicon disk is placed inside the membrane, as shown in the diagram above; the membrane
should be positioned on the surface of the internal face of the inspiratory unit.
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10. CALIBRATION AND CHECKS ON FUNCTION
10.1. PREAMBLE
Operations for checks on function are generally performed without calibration.

If a stage in this check on function has just proved invalid, calibrate the element or elements
involved.
Calibration of components requires checks of function to be carried out.

Calibration is undertaken in maintenance mode.
In the event of using a control manometer calibrated in cmH2O, apply the following correction:
1 cmH2O = 0.981 hPa
1 hPa =1.02 cmH2O
REMINDER: 1 hPa = 1 mbar
10.2. CALIBRATION
ACCESSING THE CALIBRATION SCREEN

To access the maintenance screen, power up MONNAL T75. The monitoring screen is displayed.
Then press simultaneously on the dial and the centre of the touchscreen.
Five new buttons appear on the RH toolbar:

- Diag. (access to WhiteBox and expert mode)
- FlashAlim. (access to power supply software update)
- Calibrat. (machine calibration)
- Update (access to software update)
- Back.
Press on the “Calibrat.“ button.
USING THE CALIBRATION SCREEN

The calibration screen enables calibration to be performed on all pressure sensors, flow sensors
and actuators.
All information needed to carry out these calibrations is displayed on screen.
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MACHINE CALIBRATION
After pressing the “Calibrat.“ button, the following screen appears:
Select the field required.
AUTOMATIC TESTS
Firstly, carry out the automatic tests by pressing on the button for this.
Connect the nebulizer if necessary, and occlude the patient circuit Y-piece.
Press on the dial to validate.
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The tests are performed automatically, as follows:
Tests initialization verifies the integrity of the sensors, to initiate tests

Circuit rinsing purges the oxygen present in the system
Pneumatic check verifies the integrity of the actuators on the inspiratory and
expiratory limbs, and calibrates the oxygen and expiratory
flow sensors
Mixer check verifies the proper function of the O2 solenoid valve
End of tests verifies the safety devices, checks for compliance
For each successful test, the symbol is displayed. If a test is not passed, the symbol is
displayed.
The symbol is displayed to specify the conditions for use (examples: no nebulizer, no O2 supply
network, operating with LP O2, etc).
At the end of the automatic tests, the message “Tests successful“ or “Failed tests“ is
displayed, together with compliance of the patient circuit and the nebulizer flow, if the latter is used.
PRESSURE SENSORS CALIBRATION
LOW PRESSURE SENSORS (PS2, PS4, PS5)
Press on the touchscreen field for “Low pressure sensors“.
Place a T connector on the device outlet and then connect the inspiratory limb to the expiratory
limb of the machine using an airtight hose.
Attach the T connector to a 0 - 100 mbar manometer.
Confirm by pressing on the dial.

After a few seconds, the blower starts.
Once the bar chart is available on screen, turn the dial to adjust MONNAL T75 to affect the value
of the pressure reading on the manometer.
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Then press on the dial to confirm.

The message “Calibration successful“ or “Calibration failure“ is then displayed on
screen.
In case of error:
1) Check that the inspiratory limb is properly connected to the expiratory limb of the machine via an
airtight hose, and check the positioning of the expiratory membrane. Redo the calibration.
2) Initiate an automatic test. If a defect is detected: undertake corrective maintenance.
3) Contact Air Liquide Medical Systems.
Stage 1) should normally be sufficient. In the event of corrective maintenance, Stage 2) can
assist in resolving the situation. If the automatic tests fail then the origin of the problem may be
diagnosed; if the tests are successful and calibration is unsuccessful, contact Air Liquide Medical
Systems.
Press on “Back“ before initiating the next calibration.
ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE SENSOR (PS3)
Press on the touchscreen field for “Atmospheric pressure sensor“.
Connect the inspiratory limb to the expiratory limb of the machine using an airtight hose.
Once the bar chart is available on screen, turn the dial to adjust MONNAL T75 to affect the value
of the pressure reading on the manometer, or by default to set it to the known local atmospheric
pressure.
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Then press on the dial to confirm.

After a few seconds, the blower starts.
The message “Calibration successful“ or “Calibration failure“ is then displayed on

screen.
In case of error:
The procedure to be followed is the same at that for LP sensors, with preliminary verification of the
local atmospheric pressure.
O2 PRESSURE SENSOR (PS1)
Press on the touchscreen field for “O2 pressure sensor“.
OFFSET SENSOR
Check that the O2 socket is disconnected.
SENSOR GAIN
When the bar chart is displayed, connect the machine to an oxygen source (cylinder or wall supply
with a manometer or a pressure monitoring system).
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Once the pressure has stabilised, turn the dial to adjust MONNAL T75 to affect the value of the
pressure read on the pressure monitoring system on the oxygen source.
Then press the dial to confirm.
The message “Calibration successful“ or “Calibration failure“ is displayed on
screen.
In case of error:
1) Ensure that the sensor zero has been correctly performed with all O2 sources disconnected
(high and low pressure).
2) Ensure that the gain on the sensor is realised with O2 connected and that the pressure of the
source O2 is greater than 2.8 bar.
3) Initiate an automatic test. If a fault is detected: perform corrective maintenance.
FLOW SENSORS CALIBRATION
PATIENT FLOW SENSOR (FS3)
Press on the touchscreen field for “Patient flow sensor.

Attach the flow meter to the connection on the ventilator's inspiratory limb.
It is recommended that an antibacterial filter (of PALL type) is applied to the machine outlet,
upstream of the flow meter.
D The flow meter should be compensated for altitude.
Press the dial to confirm.
MONNAL T75 blower starts up.
In the flow calibration procedure, the ventilator will initially deliver what it considers to be 1 L/min
(first calibration point).
Adjust this flow using the dial so as to obtain a reading corresponding to the target flow (here 1
L/min) on the external sensor.
Once the adjustment has been made, move on to the next calibration point by pressing on the dial.
Carry out this procedure for all calibration points (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 10, 20, 30, 50, 70, 90, 110,
130 L/min).
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When the opening on the inspiratory valve is at maximum and no longer allows the flow required to
be delivered, for example when the device is calibrated at altitude, the procedure is stopped
automatically.
Once calibration is completed, the message “Calibration successful“ or “Calibration

failure“ is displayed.
In case of error:
1) Check that the measuring device is not obstructed (presence of a balloon, etc.), check the
position of the silencer and for clogging of the filters. Redo the calibration.
O2 AND TURBINE FLOW SENSORS (FS1, FS2)
Press on the touchscreen field for “O2 and turbine flow sensors“.
Connect the machine to a high pressure source of oxygen supply.

Obstruct the air intake on the machine by rotating the silencer in its position (see § 9.2).
Y Do not connect the inspiratory limb to the expiratory limb.
Calibration is performed automatically. The patient flow sensor being calibrated, it becomes the
calibration sensor; calibration can then be carried out internally.
Y Once calibration of the sensors for O2 flow and the blower has been performed, ensure that
the silencer is replaced in its initial position:
Small holes
upwards
Plug facing outwards
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The message “Calibration successful“ or “Calibration failure“ is displayed.
In case of error:
1) Check that the measuring device is not obstructed (presence of a balloon, etc.), ensure that the
HP O2 source is connected and that the silencer is turned (obstruction on air intake). Redo the
calibration.
If a low pressure O2 source is connected, calibration may fail because the flow rate may be
insufficient.
EXPIRATORY LIMB CALIBRATION

Press on the touchscreen field for “Expiratory limb calibration“.
Check that the pressure and flow sensors have been calibrated correctly.
Connect the inspiratory limb to the expiratory limb of the machine using an airtight hose.
Press on the dial to confirm.
Calibration of the expiratory limb is automatic.
Once calibration is completed, the message “Calibration successful“ or “Calibration

failure“ is displayed.
In case of error:
1) Check that the inspiratory limb is properly connected to the expiratory limb on the machine using
an airtight hose, check the position of the silencer (normal position of function). Redo the
calibration.
EXITING THE CALIBRATION SCREEN
To exit the calibration screen, press on the “Back“ button on the context menu.
The monitoring screen is then displayed.
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10.3. CHECKS ON FUNCTION

Y All these checking operations are an obligatory requirement as part of any type of maintenance
intervention.
Check in advance for absence of contamination inside the device (expiratory valve, etc.) and
ensure personal protection measures are implemented (gloves, goggles, etc).
PRELIMINARY COMMENTS
The outcome of all these tests should be recorded on the form for taking back into service following
a maintenance operation provided for that purpose.
A copy of that form can be found in Chapter 13.
Before carrying out these tests, it is necessary to verify that the feed O2 pressure is in the
permitted range (between 2.8 and 6 bar).
The term standard maintenance ventilation used in this procedure is defined by the following
settings:
Category Adult
Mode VCV
Type of flow Constant
VT 500 mL
RR 15 bpm
Ti/Ttot 33%
Trig I 5 L/min
PEEP 5cmH2O
FiO2 21%
10.3.1. VISUAL CHECK PROCEDURE
Remove the power from the MONNAL T75.

Make an examination of the following parts, without removing the front panel.
Parts Check
Front panel, back plate Generally clean, no signs of impacts
Power supply cable Check for good condition
Cable retention clip Present
Ports (RS232, nebulization,
Check for good condition
etc.)
Patient air intake filter Clean and correctly positioned
Ambient air intake filter Clean and correctly positioned
Expiratory flow sensor Check for good condition (no traces of cracks)
Check for good condition (no traces of cracks), presence of membrane
Expiratory valve
and red silicon disc
Markings on the chassis Check that markings have not been altered or worn
Check for good condition, screws tightened correctly, castors
Feet
functioning
Articulated arm Check for good condition, screws tightened correctly
YM029300 / Rev. 1.1 / 06-2009 73

EN
10.3.2. ACOUSTIC CHECK
With MONNAL T75 connected to the power supply and switched off, check for correct function of
the fan on the power feed card (acoustic check).
Power up MONNAL T75.
Check for correct function of the light indicator to signal an alarm and of the indicator for when the
device is being operated on mains power.
Initiate the automatic tests.

Investigate any suspicious noises (gas leaks, noise from the cooling fan, etc).
Check that the loudspeaker is signalling correctly. To do this, put the device on standby and
remove the expiratory flow sensor.
10.3.3. ELECTRICAL SAFETY CHECK
Carry out all electrical safety checks in accordance with standard EN 62353 and check that the
machine conforms with the associated tolerances.
TYPE OF TEST
The tests to be carried out are the tests for Class I devices with a power feed via a cable which is
not permanently wired up.
The method shown here is the differential method. Other methods conforming to the standard NF
EN 62353 may be carried out, under the responsibility of the body responsible.
TEST EQUIPMENT
Use an electrical safety checker compatible with standard EN 62353.
Examples: Fluke ESA 601 or ESA 620.
SIGHT INSPECTION
Check the fuses which can be accessed externally: fuses located by the power socket
Check safety markings
Check the integrity of all mechanical parts
Check for absence of contamination
Assess accessory items: connected power supply cable, presence of other cables
Check for presence of documentation: user manual
INSTALLATION
74 YM029300 / Rev. 1.1 / 06-2009

EN
Connect the tester to the mains power supply socket for the hospital supply.
Power up MONNAL T75 via the tester.
Connect the tester’s crocodile clip to a metal part on the housing, such as the HP oxygen intake.
For computer control, connect the PC to the test device using an RS232 cable.
MONNAL T75 should have:

- Cover closed;
- Gas and communications links disconnected; and
- Be running.
ELECTRICAL TESTS
Measure the voltage on the mains supply: between 90 V and 264 V.
Measure the earth protection resistance:

- device : ≤ 200 mΩ and power lead : ≤ 100 mΩ
- assembly (device – power lead) : ≤ 300 mΩ
Power leads which are not permanently attached but ready for use should similarly be measured.
Measure envelope leakage currents:

With site polarities:
- in open circuit: ≤ 500 µA
- in normal conditions: ≤ 500 µA
- with open earth: ≤ 500 µA
With inverse polarities:
- in open circuit: ≤ 500 µA
- in normal conditions: ≤ 500 µA
- with open earth: ≤ 500 µA
RECORDING
The measurements and the test results must be recorded (cf. Chapter 12 - Electrical safety check
form).
IN THE EVENT OF DEFECTS

Check, in particular, that there is no break in the mains power supply cable. If that is the case,
replace the cable or investigate the earthing fault in the machine (badly-fitted terminal, defective
earth line, loosened screw, etc.).
10.3.4. CHECK ON ALARM FOR SWITCHING TO INTERNAL BATTERY

CONDITIONS
Set MONNAL T75 to standard maintenance ventilation, disconnect the mains power lead.
CHECK
Check that the audible alarm to indicate switching to internal battery is triggered, and turn off the
alarm.
YM029300 / Rev. 1.1 / 06-2009 75

EN
10.3.5. CHECK ON NEBULIZATION UNIT
CONDITIONS
Set MONNAL T75 to the following ventilation conditions:
Category Adult Ti/Ttot 50%
Mode VCV Trig I 5 L/min
Type of flow Constant PEEP 0 cmH2O
VT 500 mL FiO2 50%
RR 10 bpm
Connect a nebulizer.
CHECK
Connect the system to a manometer. Place the manometer at the nebulization output.
Nebulizer body Manometer
Expiratory limb
Inspiratory limb
Nebulization
Connector socket
Nebulizer hose
Activate the function “Nebulization“.

Measure the pressure with the manometer.
Check that, over ten cycles, the pressure is 1.2 ± 0.2 bar.
IN CASE OF FAULT
Check the feed pressure. This should be in the range 2.8 and 6 bar.
If this is the case, adjust the pressure regulator to achieve 1.2 bar. To do this:
− Refer to Chapter 9.3 on access to the nebulization pressure regulator;
− Loosen the part (1) ;
− Using a screwdriver, rotate the part (2) until a pressure of 1.2 bar is achieved, checked
using the manometer;
− Re-tighten the part (1). 1 2
Central
pneumatic unit
Nebulization regulator
76 YM029300 / Rev. 1.1 / 06-2009

EN
10.3.6. CHECK ON VENTILATION
PAEDIATRIC VENTILATION
Use a paediatric dual limb circuit and a lung test (VS206103);

Initiate automatic tests, which should be successful;
Connect the external measuring system;
Filter Lung test

External
measuring
unit
Select “New patient“, then “CHILD“;

Adjust the ventilation parameters shown in the table below, for each of the modes, and check that
the parameter measurements are in conformity with targets.
No. Points to check Targets

1 PAEDIATRIC VENTILATION
1.1 VCV Constant mode
Ventilation parameters:
130 ≤ Vt (mL) ≤ 170
Vt: 150 mL
PEEP (cmH2O) ≤ 1
PEEP: 0 cmH2O
34 ≤ F (c/min) ≤ 36
F: 35 c/min
20 ≤ FiO2 (%) ≤ 22
Ti/Ttot: 33 %
Tplat: 0 %
Trig I: OFF
FiO2: 21 %
Flow: constant
1.2 PSV mode
AI: 15 cmH2O 18.5 ≤ PI (cmH2O) ≤ 21.5

PEEP: 5 cmH2O 4 ≤ PEEP (cmH2O) ≤ 6
Fmini: 20 c/min 20 ≤ FiO2 (%) ≤ 22
Timax: 1.5 s
Slope: 150 cmH2O /s
Trig I: 10 L/min
Trig E: 10 %
FiO2: 21 %
YM029300 / Rev. 1.1 / 06-2009 77

EN
ADULT VENTILATION
Use a dual limb circuit for adults and a lung test (VS206103);
Initiate automatic tests, which should be successful;
Connect the external measuring system;
Select “New patient“, then “ADULT“;
Adjust the ventilation parameters shown in the table below, for each of the modes, and check that
the parameter measurements are in conformity with targets.
N° Points to check Targets

2 ADULT VENTILATION
2.1 VCV Constant mode
Vt : 600 mL
550 ≤ Vt (mL) ≤ 650
PEEP: 0 cmH2O
0 ≤ PEEP (cmH2O) ≤ 1
F: 12 c/min
11 ≤ F (c/min) ≤ 13
Ti/Ttot: 33 %
85 % ≤ FiO2 (%) ≤ 95 %
Tplat: 0 %
Trig I: OFF
FiO2: 90 %
Flow: constant
2.2 VCV Decelerating mode
Vt: 500 mL
PEEP: 5 cmH2O
440 ≤ Vt (mL) ≤ 560
F: 20 c/min
4 ≤ PEEP (cmH2O) ≤ 6
Ti/Ttot: 33 %
1/1.8 ≤ I/E ≤ 1/2.2
Tplat: 0 %
Trig I: OFF
FiO2: 21 %
Flow: decreasing
2.3 PSV mode
AI: 15 cmH2O
PEEP: 3 cmH2O
F: 8 c/min
Trig I: 10 L/min 16.5 ≤ PI (cmH2O) ≤ 19.5
Slope: 150 cmH2O/s 2 ≤ PEEP (cmH2O) ≤ 4
FiO2: 60 % 55 % ≤ FiO2 (%) ≤ 65 %
IN CASE OF FAULT
Consult Chapter 10.2 in order to carry out a full calibration.
78 YM029300 / Rev. 1.1 / 06-2009

EN
10.3.7. PMAXI SAFETY CHECK
CONDITIONS
Set MONNAL T75 to standard maintenance ventilation.
Apply pressure to the test balloon in order to trigger the “P maxi“ alarms.
CHECK
Check that insufflation is interrupted when pressure reaches the threshold P maxi, and that an
audible beep is given.
10.3.8. FINAL CHECK
CONDITIONS
Select “New Patient”, “Adult” and initiate automatic tests.
Adjust the frequency high alarm threshold to 17 c/min, adjust PEEP to 5 cmH20, then start
ventilation.
Do not manipulate the lung during the check.
CHECK
With the automatic tests successful, achieve stable ventilation with no alarm for a period of two
minutes.
After final check, proceed to the erasing of the WhiteBox, according to the instructions of the
paragraph 6.
YM029300 / Rev. 1.1 / 06-2009 79

EN
11. SPARE PARTS AND DISPOSABLE PARTS
11.1. SPARE PARTS
11.1.1. ELECTRICAL PARTS
REFERENCE IMAGE DESIGNATION
KY633300 INTERNAL BATTERY
KY640400 FLOW SENSOR FILTER CARD
KY634000 FRONT FACE CARD
MMI BACK-LIGHTING CONVERTER

KY634100
CARD
KY641700 MICROPROCESSOR CARD
KY643000 MMI CODER
KY636500 POWER FEED CARD UNIT
80 YM029300 / Rev. 1.1 / 06-2009

EN
KY633900 SCREEN – TOUCHSCREEN UNIT
COOLING FAN – SILICON SUPPORTS

KY647800 UNIT
KY640900 POWER SUPPLY FILTER
YR091700 3.15 mA T FUSE
KY634700 FRONT FACE RIBBON
VS106125 LITHIUM BATTERY
KY642900 TEMPERATURE SENSOR
KY639900 LOUDSPEAKER LEAD
KY641200 POWER SUPPLY INDICATOR LEAD
KY634800 POWER SUPPLY FAN
YM029300 / Rev. 1.1 / 06-2009 81

EN
11.1.2. PNEUMATIC PARTS
SOLENOID VALVE UNIT

KY560500
KY635100 O2 PRESSURE SENSOR
NEBULIZATION PRESSURE
KY635200
REGULATOR
KY555000 FLOW SENSOR
KY432900 AMBIENT AIR INTAKE FILTER
YJ073300 LIP VE JOINT
KY641400 BLOWER
KY635300 INSPIRATORY VALVE
KY634900 O2 PROPORTIONAL VALVE
82 YM029300 / Rev. 1.1 / 06-2009

EN
11.1.3. MECHANICAL PARTS
KY649100 MONNAL T75 DIAL
KY633000 FI02 EQUIPPED TRAP
11.2. DISPOSABLE PARTS
KY632200 AUTOCLAVABLE FLOW SENSOR
KY664500 (x5)
KY664600 (x20) SINGLE-USE FLOW SENSOR
YR049700 OXYGEN CELL
BF030200 EMBOUFIX O2 3M NF
KY665300 MEMBRANE + SILICON DISC
KY650300 PATIENT GAS INLET FILTER (X6)
KY650100 AIR EXIT FILTER
PATIENT GAS INLET FILTER

KY652700
SUPPORT
YM029300 / Rev. 1.1 / 06-2009 83

EN
AUTOCLAVABLE EXPIRATORY
KY631900
VALVE BODY ASSEMBLY
KY664300 (x5)
SINGLE-USE EXPIRATORY VALVE
KY664400 (x20)
BODY ASSEMBLY
84 YM029300 / Rev. 1.1 / 06-2009

EN
12. ELECTRICAL SAFETY CHECK FORM
Safety check carried out in accordance with standard EN 62353, differential method.
Device tested: MONNAL T75
Electrical class: Class I Type of parts applied: type A, lead not permanently attached
Serial number: Hours counter:
Establishment: Department:
Test device
Manufacturer: Type: Serial number:
Technician performing the check
Surname and first name: Company:
Result
Step Checks
OK
Device ready for testing (operating, cover closed, feed networks
1
disconnected)
Sight inspection
2 Check on fuses which can be accessed from outside
3 Check on safety markings
4 Check on integrity of mechanical parts
5 Check for absence of contamination
6 Assessment of accessory parts
7 Check for presence of documentation
Electrical tests
between 90V and
8 Measurement of mains voltage: 264V

≤ 300 mΩ
9 Measurement of earthing protection resistance (device + power lead):

Measurement of envelope leakage currents

≤ 500 μA
With site polarities
- in open circuit:
- under normal conditions:
10 - with open earth:
with inverse polarities
- open circuit:
- under normal conditions:
- with open earth:
Result of check
successful failed
Date: Signature of technician:
YM029300 / Rev. 1.1 / 06-2009 85

EN
13. FORM FOR TAKING MONNAL T75 BACK INTO

SERVICE
Maintenance: Preventive Corrective
WORK ORDER NO.:
Device tested:
Serial number: Hours counter: Software version:
Test devices:
Manufacturer: Type : Serial number:
Performed by: Company:
Status of machine / Actions

§ Results
controls (commentary in Maintenance Manual)
Visual check.
(cleanliness, good condition, mains lead, filters,
§10.3.1 Stop
expiratory flow valve and sensor, etc.)
Acoustic check.
§10.3.2 Standby Suspect noises (fan, etc.)
Electrical safety check.

§10.3.3 Standby (EN 62353)
Check for alarm on switching to internal battery

(autonomy test).
§10.3.4 Standby
(corresponding alarm, no significant drop in the
energy reserve indicator).
Operating Check on nebulization unit.
§10.3.5
(standard settings)
Paediatric ventilation check
Automatic tests successful
VCV constant
Standby
PSV
(automatic) +
§10.3.6 Adult ventilation check
operating
Automatic tests successful
VCV constant
VCV decelerating
PSV
Operating P maxi check
§10.3.7
(standard settings)
Final check
Operating Automatic tests successful.
§10.3.8
(standard settings) Stable ventilation, no alarm.
Date: Signature of technician:
86 YM029300 / Rev. 1.1 / 06-2009

Contacts
Air Liquide Medical Systems S.A.
Parc de Haute Technologie
6 rue Georges Besse
92182 Antony cedex – France
Tel : +33 1 40 96 66 00
Fax : +33 1 40 96 67 00
Hot line : +33 1 40 96 66 88
Internet : www.airliquidemedicalsystems.com
C0459
The Healthcare Division within the Air Liquide Group, with its 8,000 professionals worldwide, is notably present in medical equipment,
homecare, medical gases, medical hygiene, the pharmaceutical and cosmetic excipients.
Air Liquide Medical Systems is part of the Air Liquide Group's Healthcare Division.

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YM029300 / Rev. 1.

YM029300 / Rev. 1.1 / 06-2009 1

6. WhiteBox download ............................................................................................................................................ 38

2 YM029300 / Rev. 1.1 / 06-2009

YM029300 / Rev. 1.1 / 06-2009 3

SYMBOLS USED IN THIS MAINTENANCE MANUAL

Emphasises an item of information being given.

Lucida Console Excessive pressure Text taken from screen

Text directing the reader to another

4 YM029300 / Rev. 1.1 / 06-2009

SYMBOLS AND MARKINGS ON THE DEVICE

Manufacturer identification label

Complies with European Directive

Serial Number of the device Patient circuit expiratory fitting

Date of manufacture: YYYY-MM Nebulizer fitting

Caution: refer to user manual. O2 cell cover locked

Protective earth O2 cell cover unlocked

Type B device Expiratory valve eject button

Electrical protection fuse

Alarm transfer outlet

External power supply connector

YM029300 / Rev. 1.1 / 06-2009 5

GENERAL SAFETY ADVICE

PRECAUTIONS TO BE TAKEN BEFORE USING OXYGEN

PRECAUTIONS IN THE EVENT OF A LEAK OF OXYGEN

− Do not use anti-static pipes or tubes or conductors of electricity.

TAKING MONNAL T75 INTO SERVICE

USING MONNAL T75

6 YM029300 / Rev. 1.1 / 06-2009

CLEANING AND UPKEEP OF MONNAL T75

YM029300 / Rev. 1.1 / 06-2009 7

NF EN ISO 14971:2001 and A1:2003 | Application of risk management to medical devices

Disposal of the unit :

Disposal of batteries, internal battery and O2 sensor :

SHIPPING THE UNIT

8 YM029300 / Rev. 1.1 / 06-2009

1.1. EXTERIOR DESCRIPTION

1.1.1. FRONT VIEW Indicator which lights

10.4” colour screen

Expiratory unit and

1.1.2. REAR VIEW

Air exit filter

Alarm transfer connector Cover to internal

Mains power supply

YM029300 / Rev. 1.1 / 06-2009 9

1.1.3. RIGHT AND LEFT SIDE VIEW

O2 sensor access cover

1.1.4. BOTTOM VIEW

10 YM029300 / Rev. 1.1 / 06-2009

1.2. PRINCIPLE OF FUNCTION

To perform its essential functions, the device brings together 4 sub-systems:

1.3. DESCRIPTION OF FUNCTION

1.3.1. FUNCTION FLOWCHART

PNEUMATIC FEED Patient

YM029300 / Rev. 1.1 / 06-2009 11

1.3.2. ELECTRONIC SUB-SYSTEM

The electronics can be broken down into principal functions :

THE MICROPROCESSOR CARD

The microprocessor card comprises two identical Motorola CPUs:

THE POWER ASSEMBLY

This power may be provided from multiple sources:

12 YM029300 / Rev. 1.1 / 06-2009

THE DISPLAY INTERFACE

YM029300 / Rev. 1.1 / 06-2009 13