Zgyx423b操作手册 Ch En

操作说明书
Operation Manual
一体式潜孔钻机 Integrated DTH Drill Rig
设备型号 MODEL: ZGYX423B
序列号 S / N：
Read the instruction manual before operating this equipment.
This manual contains important safety information.

Do not destroy this manual.
This manual must be available to personnel who operate and maintain this machine.
志高的有限责任声明
-只允许使用志高公司认可的零件;
-因使用未经许可的零件而导致的任何损坏和故障，不在产品保障的范围之内；
-未经志高公司书面许可，客户不得对设备改动和添加零件，一旦发生志高公司概不负责。
Zhigao declaration of limited responsibilities
-Use only Zhigao genuine or authorized parts.
-Any damage or malfunction caused by the use of unauthorized parts is not covered by
warranty or product liability.
-Do not make any modifications or add components to the equipment without written
authorization of Zhigao company, otherwise Zhigao is not responsible for any product
liability.
Introduction
READ ALL MANUALS CAREFULLY. Learn how to operate and service your machine correctly.
Failure to do so could result in personal injury or equipment damage. Consult your Zhigao
Machinery Dealer if you do not understand the instructions in the manuals or need
additional information.
THIS MANUAL should be considered a permanent part of the machine, and should remain
with the machine and available for reference at all times.
WARRANTY is provided as part of Zhigao Machinery’s support program for customers who
operate and maintain their equipment as described in this manual. The warranty is
explained on the warranty page of this manual.
RIGHT HAND AND LEFT HAND sides are determined by facing in the direction of forward
travel. References are also made looking from the main frame end towards the drill end.
The instructions, illustrations, and specifications in this manual are based on the latest
information available at time of publication. Your machine may have improvements and
options not yet contained in this manual.
When ordering replacement parts, specify the model number, serial number ( S / N ) of the
machine, please also state part number ( P / N ) ( not the ref. no) , description and quantity
( QTY ) needed exactly in your parts manual. Any damage or malfunction caused by the use
of unauthorized parts is not covered by warranty or product liability.
This publication refers only to the mentioned product.
Zhigao reserves the right to modify or make changes without prior notice or obligation.
Read the instruction manual before operating this equipment.
This manual contains important safety information.

Do not destroy this manual.
This manual must be available to personnel who operate and maintain this machine.
© Copyright, Zhigao Machinery. All rights reversed.

Any unauthorized use or copying of the contents or any part thereof is prohibited.
This applies in particular to trademarks, model denominations, part numbers and drawings.
前言
感谢您选择使用浙江志高机械股份有限公司的钻机设备。
本手册是对志高机械ZGYX423B钻机操作使用的说明。操作人员在使用钻机前应经过专业培训。
未对本手册和安全手册充分学习和理解的人员谢绝使用志高机械的钻机设备。
为使操作人员能正确地操作和维护保养设备，本手册对钻机设备的结构和操作进行了详细的说
明。同时对每个档位的维护保养也进行具体说明。周期性维护请参阅维护保养手册。
若对钻机进行较大等级的维修或故障处理，建议使用者与当地的志高机械公司技术服务部门联
系。专业维修技术人员能对几乎所有的维修问题进行专业化的修理和技术支持。
按照手册上的要求对钻机进行正确的使用和维护，将能充分发挥设备的性能、延长设备的使用
寿命。
Preface
Thank you for choosing the drill rig produced by Zhejiang Zhigao Machinery Co., Ltd.
This manual contains operation instructions of ZGYX423B drill rig of Zhigao Machinery
Company. Operators should receive professional trainings before operating the drill rig.
Personnel must read and fully understand this manual, operation and safety manuals before
operating the drill rigs of Zhigao Machinery.
This manual contains detailed instructions on the structure and operations of the drill rig in
order to operate properly and maintain the equipment. Meanwhile, detailed maintenance
instructions of different status of the machine are also given in the manual. For periodical
maintenance, see the Maintenance Manual.
We recommend the users to contact the local Technical Support Department of Zhigao
Machinery if any overhaul, major repair or trouble shooting on the drill rig intended. Our
professional technical support team can provide all necessary repair and technical support.
Proper operation and maintenance as stipulated in the manuals can fully ensure the
equipment performance and prolong the service life.
For the diesel engine, please refer to the diesel engine instruction
目录 TABLE OF CONTENTS
1. 钻机简介 Introduction ....................................................................................................................3

1.1 ZGYX423B 钻机基本参数 ZGYX423B Drill rig basic specifications .................................................. 5
1.2 适用范围 Application scopes ........................................................................................................... 7
1.3 推荐的工作条件 Recommended working conditions .....................................................................7
1.4 钻机部件 Main components ............................................................................................................. 7
2. 安全条例 Safety regulations ......................................................................................................... 13
2.1. 操作人员安全条例 Operator safety regulations ..........................................................................13
2.2. 使用和保养中的主要安全防范 Main safety precautions of operation and maintenance ........ 14
2.3. 粉尘 Dust ........................................................................................................................................ 14
2.3.1. 防尘保护 Dust protection ................................................................................................... 15
2.3.2. 集尘系统 Dust collecting system ........................................................................................ 15
2.4. 警告标牌及其位置 Warning signs and locations .......................................................................... 16
2.5. 倾斜角度 Angle of inclination ........................................................................................................ 17
2.5.1. 行走和驻车时 Tramming and parking ................................................................................18
2.5.2. 钻孔作业时 In drilling ......................................................................................................... 18
2.6. 钻机使用中禁止的操作方式和工作条件 Prohibited operations and working conditions ....... 19
2.6.1. 可能造成人身伤害 May cause personal injuries if ............................................................19
2.6.2. 可能造成设备损坏 May cause damages to the equipment if ...........................................19
2.7. 噪音度和噪音辐射 Noise level and Noise radiation ....................................................................19
2.8. 灭火器的存放位置和使用方法 Location and use of fire extinguisher ....................................... 20
2.9. 紧急停机按钮和停机装置 Emergency stops buttons and stop device ........................................21
2.9.1. 紧急停机按钮 Emergency stop buttons .............................................................................21
2.10. 自动停机保护功能 Automatic shutdown protection function ..................................................22
3. 操作说明 Operation instructions .................................................................................................. 24
3.1. 操作方法 Operations ......................................................................................................................24
3.2. 钻机在严寒地区的使用 Operation in severe cold areas ..............................................................41
3.3. 焊接 Welding .................................................................................................................................. 41
3.4. 工作前的巡视检查 Walk around Inspection before operation ................................................... 42
3.5 发动机的起动与停止 Engine start and shutdown ..........................................................................44
3.5.1. 发动机的起动 Engine start ................................................................................................. 44
3.5.2. 发动机的运转 Engine operation ........................................................................................ 46
3.5.3. 发动机的停机 Engine shutdown ........................................................................................ 46
3.6. 行走操作 Tramming operation ...................................................................................................... 47
3.6.1. 行走前 Before tramming .....................................................................................................48
3.6.2. 行走时钻臂的正确放置位置 The boom correct position when tramming ......................48
3.6.3. 驾驶室内的行走操纵 Tramming controls in the cab ........................................................ 48
3.6.4. 履带的摆动 Track oscillation .............................................................................................. 49
3.6.5. 停机制动 Parking Brake ...................................................................................................... 49
3.6.6. 场地之间的行走 Tramming between fields .......................................................................49
3.6.7. 孔位之间的移动 Moving between drilling holes ...............................................................50
3.7. 钻孔操作 Drilling operations ..........................................................................................................50
3.7.2. 钎具润滑系统 Lubrication system of drill tools ................................................................. 54
3.7.3. 钻具 Drill tools ..................................................................................................................... 54
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3.7.4. 钻杆装入杆架中 Load drill rod into the rod carousel ........................................................56
3.7.5. 开孔 Hole Collaring ..............................................................................................................58
3.7.6. 钻孔 Drilling ......................................................................................................................... 59
3.7.7. 钻孔参数 Drilling parameters ............................................................................................. 59
3.7.8. 增加钻杆 Adding drill rods / pipes ......................................................................................62
3.7.9. 结束钻孔 End of drilling ...................................................................................................... 64
3.8. 钻机的运输 Transportation of drill rig .......................................................................................... 66
3.8.1. 行驶到拖车平台上 Driving the drill rig onto the trailer deck ...........................................66
3.9. 存放须知 Storage instructions ....................................................................................................... 67
故障诊断 Diagnosis and trouble- shootings .......................................................................................68
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设备型号 Model: ZGYX423
出厂编号 S / N:
1. 钻机简介 Introduction
ZGYX423B是一体式履带行走钻机，带液压回转头的潜孔钻机，适用于采石场、露天矿山和建筑
业等。它标准选配3.5”高效冲击器和68mm直径钻杆。设计的钻孔孔径为90mm到115mm、钻深为24
米（7 + 1钻管），特殊要求增大孔径时，钻孔深度相应减少。
ZGYX423B is an integrated crawler type down-the-hole drill rig with a hydraulic rotary head and is
widely used in the quarry, surface mining and construction. It is equipped with a standard 3.5” DTH
hammer and diameter of 68 mm drill pipes. The designed hole diameter is 90 mm to 115 mm, and the
designed hole depth is 24 m ( 7 + 1 pipes ). When the hole diameter is increased as per special
requirements, the corresponding hole depth shall be decreased.
ZGYX423B使用玉柴带涡轮增压的柴油发动机，该发动机与螺杆式空气压缩机直接耦合，在17巴
供气压力时空压机的供气量为13立方米/分钟。该发动机还可通过动力输出装置(PTO)驱动2台液压泵。
整个发动机动力单元通过减震装置直接安装在坚固结实的主机架上，以最大可能地减小相互错位。
ZGYX423B drill rig has a Yuchai diesel engine with a turbocharger and with engine directly connected
with the screw air compressor. The air flow of the compressor is 10 m3 / min when the air supply pressure
at 15 bars. The diesel engine drives two hydraulic pumps
through power take-off ( PTO) device. The entire power pack of the engine is mounted on the firm
main frame with damping device so as to minimize dislocation.
液压系统采用先导控制系统。两个先导控制杆位于司机座前方左右两侧。直观的功能控制和布
局便于钻孔操作。通过全视角的正面窗口、侧面窗口和顶部天窗，操作手具有很好的视野。
The hydraulic system is equipped with a pilot control system. Two pilot control levers are located on
both front sides of the driver’s seat. The visual function controls and layout are convenient for drilling
operations. Operators have a good vision with the dead-zone free front windshields, side windows and
the sun roof on the top.
推进梁的最大摆动为左5度和右95度，使得钻机适于右手侧低底孔应用。如果需要的话，俯仰座
可被重新栓销，使推进器能够给出右50度和左44.5度的摆动。推进梁可前倾53.5度和后仰78.5度。
The maximum swing angle of the feed beam is 5° on the left and 95° on the right, which makes the
drill rig suitable for drilling lower bottom side holes on the right hand. If necessary, the tilting bracket can
be adjusted, which allows the propeller to swing 50° on the right and 44.5° on the left. The feed beam is
capable of tilting forward 53.5° and backward 78.5°.
钻臂运动为向右36度，向左21度和向上51.5度，向下34度。钻臂也可在垂直平面中旋转71度，
这样可让钻机司机在移动钻机时收起推进器，减低钻机的总体高度。用于钻臂和推进器定位的全流
量手动液压控制装置提供平滑灵敏的移动，可快速钻孔定位。
The boom can move 36° to the right and 21° to the left and 51.5° upward and 34° downward. The
boom can also rotate 71° on a vertical plane, which allows the rig driver to retract the propeller when
moving the rig to reduce the overall height of the drill rig. An full flow manual hydraulic control device
used for positioning the boom and propeller can give smooth, swift movement to quickly position the drill
holes.
在发动机转速为1650RPM的情况下，动力回转头提供960 Nm的转矩。最大可达1750 kg的钻杆提

拔力，为钻机在破碎硬岩或松软地质中提升钻管提供充分的动力。液压钻杆锁定套使得装卸钻管变
得更加快捷。
When the engine speed is 1,900 RPM, the rotary head provides a torque of 960Nm with maximum
pipe lifting force of 1,750 kg, providing enough force for rod / pipe lifting in broken hard rocks or soft
grounds. Hydraulic pipe locking sleeve makes the pipe loading / unloading faster.
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出厂编号 S / N:
安装在司机座前方的两个操纵控制器，熟手和新手都能方便自如地进行钻孔作业。舒畅的操纵，
使得钻臂和推进器在钻孔定位时动作平稳迅捷。单一的控制装置使更换钻管的操纵变得简单。
Both skilled and new operators can conveniently and comfortably carry out drilling operations with
the two controllers installed in front of the driver’s seat. Smooth control leads to a smooth, quick
movement of the boom and propeller when positioning the drilling holes. A single control device makes
the operation of rod / pipe changing easier.
为满足钻机在不同应用中具有最佳性能，ZGYX423B钻机有如下配置：
ZGYX423B drill rig with the following configurations to ensure the rig achieves the optimum performance
in different applications:
 玉柴162Kw YC6J220-T300柴油发动机
Yuchai YC6J220-T300 diesel engine with 162 Kw power.
 久益螺杆式空气压缩机
 便捷的钻机和发动机操作控制Convenient Rig and engine operation controls
 独立安装在平台上的柴油机动力单元
Diesel engine power pack independently mounted on the platform
 发动机和空气压缩机各自独立的的进气过滤系统
Independent air inlet filtering systems of the diesel engine and air compressor
 大容量燃油箱350升 Fuel tank with a large capacity of 350 L
 最大爬坡能力为30º Maximum grade ability of30°
 液压油缸驱动的推进系统 Hydraulic oil cylinder driven feeding system
 自动换杆器 Automatic rod changer
 液压回转头Hydraulic rotary head
 重载冷却系统 Heavy-duty cooling system
 夜间照明组件 Night illumination components
 全封闭（带空调和供暖）驾驶室内的发动机、钻孔和行走操控系统
Diesel engine, drilling and tramming control systems fully enclosed in the cab (with the air
conditioner and heating system)
 独立于履带运动，防震安装的驾驶室
Independent of the track movement and anti-vibration cab
 强劲的除尘系统，保持钻机周边清洁
Robust dust removal system to keep the drill rig surroundings clean
 可调节的高/低压吹气控制Adjustable high / low air pressure blowing control
 便于保养和维护的众多检修门
Multiple access doors for convenience of maintenance and repair work
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出厂编号 S / N:
1.1 ZGYX423B 钻机基本参数 ZGYX423B Drill rig basic specifications
柴油发动机 Diesel Engine
型号 Model YC6J220-T300 转速 RPM 1,650 rpm
燃油箱容量
制造厂 Maker 玉柴 Yuchai 350 L
Fuel tank capacity
额定功率 Rated Power 162 kW
螺杆空压机 Screw air compressor
制造厂 Maker 志高 Zhigao 排风量 F. A. D 13m3 / min
机头制造厂
久益最大压力 Max. pressure 17 bar
Air end maker
功能参数 Functional parameters
钻孔直径 Hole diameter 90 - 115 mm 配套冲击器 DTH hammer 3.5 寸 inch, 4 寸 inch
孔深 Hole depth 24,000 mm 回转速度 Rotary speed 0 - 120 r / min
钻杆直径 Rod diameter 68 mm, 回转扭矩 Rotary torque 2,250 Nm
换杆器及储杆数
Rod changer and number of 7+1 钻杆长度 Rod length 3,000 mm
rods stored
钻臂 Boom
单直臂 Single 油缸钢丝绳方式

钻臂形式 Type of boom 推进方式 Feed mode
straight boom Motor / chain
推进器总长度推进行程
6,000 mm 3,400mm
Total feed length Feed travel length
最大推进速度
推进补偿 Feed extension 1, 200 mm 0.88m / s
Max. feed speed
最大推进力最大拉拔力
12kN 15 kN
Max. feed force Max. pull up force
底盘 Chassis
最大行走速度
3 km / h 驱动力 Traction force 98kN
Max. travel speed
最大爬坡能力履带摆动角度
30° ± 10°
Max. grade ability Track oscillation
重量及尺寸 Weight and dimensions
总宽度 Overall width 2,360 mm 高度 Height 3,000 mm
总长度 Overall length 9,000 mm 重量 Weight 11,000 kg
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出厂编号 S / N:
外观尺寸 Dimensions
1.整机尺寸 Overall dimensions
长度 Length 9,000 mm 高度 Height 3,000 mm

宽度 Width 2,360 mm
2.钻臂作业覆盖范围 Boom coverage
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出厂编号 S / N:
1.2 适用范围 Application scopes

ZGYX423B系列钻机应用在工程建设和采石矿山中。该液压钻机使用直径为68毫米的接卸式钻杆，
钻凿垂直、倾斜、水平的直径为90毫米至115毫米的孔。最大钻孔深度可达24米。
ZGYX423B drill rig series are used in construction and mining applications. This type of hydraulic drill
rigs can drill vertical, inclined and horizontal holes for diameters between 90 mm to 115 mm by using
detachable drill pipes with diameters of 68mm. The maximum drilling depth is up to 24 m.
1.3 推荐的工作条件 Recommended working conditions

• 环境温度Ambient temperature：........................ -30摄氏度 ℃---- +45摄氏度 ℃
• 最高海拔高度Max. altitude：................ 3000米 M
• 当环境条件超出上述范围时，请与浙江志高机械有限公司的技术部门联系。
Please contact the Technical Department of Zhejiang Zhigao Machinery Co., Ltd. if the operating
conditions are beyond the above parameters.
1.4 钻机部件Main components

1. 回转头 Rotary head
前部 Front
2. 推进梁 Feed beam
3. 换杆器 Rod changer
4. 钻臂 Boom
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出厂编号 S / N:
1 .回转头 Rotary head 1. 齿轮箱 Gear case

2. 回转马达 Rotary motor
3. 进气管 Air inlet hose
2. 推进梁 Feed beam 1. 推进梁 Feed beam

2. 电磁阀组 Solenoid valve set
3．跟管器 Hose / pipe reel
4. 推进油缸
1. 下钎仓Lower carousel
3. 换杆器 Rod changer 2. 换杆器下抓爪
Lower gripper ( Rod changer )
3. 换杆器上抓爪
Upper gripper ( Rod changer )
4. 上钎仓 Upper carousel
5. 转钎马达 Motor, pipe rotation
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出厂编号 S / N:
1. 大臂底座 Boom attachment

4. 钻臂 Boom 2. 推进梁托架 Feed beam rack
3. 大臂 Boom
4. 举升油缸 Boom lift cylinder
5. 俯仰油缸 Tilt oil cylinder
6. 俯仰座 Boom head complete
7. 中托架 Feed holder
8. 摆臂油缸 Boom swing cylinder
中部 Middle 1. 驾驶室 Cab

2. 履带 Track
3. 电磁泵
4. 液压油箱 Hydraulic oil tank
5. 柴油箱 Diesel tank
1. 仪表盒Instrument box
1. 驾驶室 Cab 2. 操纵柄

Joysticks/ Control handle / Levers
3. 操作台 Operation console
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出厂编号 S / N:
2. 履带 Track 1. 履带总成Track assembly

2. 支重轮Track roller
3. 引导轮 Idler
4. 履带梁 Track beam
5. 行走马达 Tramming motor
6. 驱动齿圈 Driving gear
3. 电磁泵润滑凿岩部件
1. 液压油箱 Hydraulic oil tank

4. 油箱 Hydraulic oil tank
2. 空气滤清器 Air filter
3. 回油滤芯总成
Return oil filter element assy.
4. 吸油滤芯总成
Oil suction filter element assy.
5. 吸油管 Suction oil pipe
6. 清洗口盖 Cap, cleaning port
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出厂编号 S / N:
后部 Rear 1. 动力站 Power pack

2. 油气筒 Separator tank
3. 集尘系统组件
Dust collecting system set
4. 散热器组件 Radiator set
1. 动力站 Power pack 1. 发动机 Diesel engine

2. 联轴器Coupling
3. 液压泵 Hydraulic pump
4. 进气阀 Air inlet valve
5. 压缩机 Air compressor
2. 油气筒 Separator tank 1. 油气筒Separator tank

2. 视油镜Sight glass
3.最小压力阀 Min. pressure valve
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出厂编号 S / N:
3. 集尘系统 Dust collecting system 1. 集尘器 Dust collector

2. 吸尘管 Dust suction pipe
3. 初级集尘器 Pre-separator
4. 扑尘罩 Suction hood
4. 散热器组件 Radiator set 1. 散热器Radiator

2. 导风罩Fan housing
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出厂编号 S / N:
2. 安全条例 Safety regulations

2.1. 操作人员安全条例 Operator safety regulations
只有经过专门培训的人员方允许对钻机进行操作、保养和调整工作。在操作或维修
之前，须认真阅读操作手册和保养手册。
Only trained personnel are allowed to perform operation, maintenance and adjustment
on the drill rig. Read the Operation Manual and Maintenance Manual carefully before
operating or maintaining the drill rig.
工作前做好充分的计划和准备，防止和杜绝事故发生、消除事故的隐患。操作人员
需对设备全面了解后才能对设备进行操作和检修。
Always plan and prepare before starting work to prevent and eliminate any potential
accident. Operators must fully understand the equipment before operating and servicing
the equipment.
操作人员必须穿着安全防护装备，如安全帽、工作服、安全鞋、护耳罩、护目镜等
等。Operators must wear approved safety gears, such as helmet, working clothes, safety
shoes, hearing protection, safety glasses, etc.
钻机必须始终处于清洁的状态，及时清理油污和泥垢。必须在钻机完全停机后进行
检修和保养工作。要求使用正确的检修工具。当有任何工具不能正常使用或有故障、
缺陷时，应及时更换或修复。必须确认在检修钻机时，非相关人员已远离工作区域。
The drill must be kept in clean condition with oil and dirt timely cleaned off. The service
and maintenance work must be performed after the drill completely stops. It is required
to use proper service tools. If any tool is out of service or defective, replace or repair it in
time. Make sure all irrelevant personnel are away from the working area when servicing
the drill rig.
如需对钻机进行焊接工作，首先必须断开充电电机电线或者断开电源总开关。同时
还应防止任何可能由于焊接工作而发生的火情和燃爆事故。必须确保钻机和焊接现
场清洁，无易燃、易爆物品。
Disconnect cables of any charger or cut off main power switch if any welding work will
be performed on the drill. Also, do everything possible to prevent any potential fire and
explosion during welding work. Always make sure the drill and welding field are clean
and without flammable and explosive materials.
空压机的风包为压力容器，未经专门部门许可，请勿擅自打开或检修。
The oil separator of the air compressor is a pressure vessel. Do not open or service
without the authorization of relevant agency.
灭火器应常备于钻机。操作维修人员应了解灭火器的使用方法。灭火器应根据当地
消防部门的规定定期进行检验和性能测试，以确保其可靠性。
The fire extinguisher shall be always available on the drill. Operators and service
personnel should fully understand the usage of fire extinguishers. Periodical inspections
and performance tests should be carried out on fire extinguishers according to
provisions of the local fire department to ensure the reliability of fire extinguishers.
在有特殊要求的使用现场，应采取措施及时排走发动机的尾气和钻机钻孔时产生的
粉尘。确保工作人员的人身健康。
In any working filed with special requirements, measures should be taken to exhaust
emissions and the dust during drilling to ensure the health of workers.
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2.2. 使用和保养中的主要安全防范 Main safety precautions of operation and

maintenance
在钻孔和行驶过程中，应确保无关人员远离钻机的工作现场。
Make sure all irrelevant personnel are away from the working site of the drill during
drilling and tramming.
钻机上的移动部件和转动部件（如钻臂、推进梁、钻孔装置、换杆器、格栅等等）
的运动范围都有可能构成危险区域。钻机工作时，确保这些区域没有人员停留
The movement range of the moving and rotation components of the drill rig ( for
example: boom, feed beam, drilling device, rod changer, etc.) can be potential risk areas.
Make sure no personnel in these areas when the drill rig is working.
当在钻机附近工作时要注意钻具的运动部件。尤其要注意观察旋转的钻杆。
Always pay attention to the moving components of the drill rig when working near the
drill rig, in particular the rotating drill rod / pipe.
钻臂失控下落极易给人员带来伤亡。在对钻臂的液压系统进行检修之前，应确保钻
臂已经牢固支撑。
Boom falling down when out of control is very likely to cause casualties. Make sure the
boom has been firmly supported before servicing the hydraulic system of the boom.
随时都应保持钻机的平衡状态。无论是在驻车、行走或钻孔时，严禁超出工厂限定
的倾斜角度。Always keep the drill rig in balance state. It is not allowed to exceed the
inclination angle specified by the factory during parking, tramming or drilling.
谨防滑倒摔伤的事故发生。应始终保持扶梯、过道、栏杆、手柄和工作平台的清洁，
及时除去上面的油污和积存的冰雪。
Be careful of slippery accidents. Always keep ladders, hand rails, passages, handles /
levers, and working platforms clean and free from oil, dirt and snow.
谨防释放出的高压气流伤人。高压气流能对人身造成严重的伤害。在打开充填盖或
气路连接前，必须首先释放压力。
Be careful of high pressure air. High pressure air can cause severe personal injuries.
Relieve pressure before opening any filler cap or air supply connections.
谨防喷出的高压液体伤人。高压液流会对人身造成严重的伤害。在打开堵头或油管
接头前，必须首先释放液压回路中的油压。
Be careful of high pressure liquids. High pressure liquids can cause severe personal
injuries. Relieve pressure before opening any plug or pipe / tube / hose connectors.
2.3. 粉尘Dust
钻孔所产生的粉尘分布于钻孔场地，甚至在不钻孔时场地周围也被粉尘包围。
The dust generated during the drilling process can spread all over the drilling field. The field may be
surrounded by the dust even when no drilling.
有些细微粉尘肉眼看不见，但如果被操作手吸入会造成严重的人身伤害。Some finer dust is

invisible by the naked eyes. Inhaling by operators can cause severe personal injuries.
吸入粉尘会造成严重的伤亡事故，应始终佩戴合格的呼吸罩。
Dust Inhaling can cause severe casualty accident. Always wear approved
respirator.
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2.3.1. 防尘保护 Dust protection

— 在驾驶室外作业时始终佩戴经过呼吸器专业制造商认可的呼吸罩。确保呼吸罩处于良好
的使用状态。Always wear certified respirator approved by professional manufacturers when working
outside the cab. Make sure the respirator is in good condition.
— 始终保持驾驶室门关闭。Always keep the cab door closed.
— 保持驾驶室干净。每天用吸尘器清洁驾驶室。
Keep the cab clean. Clean up the cab with the vacuum cleaner every day.
— 定期更换驾驶室空滤。只使用纯真零件
Periodically replace the air filter in the cab. Only use genuine spare parts.
2.3.2. 集尘系统 Dust collecting system

确保集尘系统的功能良好，任何时候工作有效。在工作时需确定
Always make sure the dust collecting system is working properly and effectively. During working,
make sure that
— 钻孔时吸扑尘罩牢固支撑在地面上。
The dust suction hood is firmly supported on the ground when drilling.
— 扑尘罩和除尘胶管状态良好。Suction hood and suction pipe are in good conditions.
— 吸尘管状态良好，连接老固。Suction pipes are in good conditions and firmly connected.
— 集尘滤芯状态良好。只使用纯真零件。
The DCT filter elements are in good conditions. Only use genuine spare parts.
您应该使用干式集尘系统，该系统能保证粉尘量处在较低的水平并可以作为选配件配置。
A dry type dust collecting system shall be used, which can keep dust exposure in lower level and can be
installed as an option.
使用正确的钻孔参数，保证钻机始终处于良好的工作状态以便减少粉尘量。
Always select correct drilling parameters to make sure the drill rig is always in good working condition to
minimize dust exposure.
设备的安全使用需由经过志高机械培训的专业保养人员来进行，且只使用纯正零件。
必须根据保养条例进行日常和周期性的检查和保养。
Safety operations of the drill rig can only be achieved with maintenance by professionals
trained by Zhigao Machinery Co., Ltd. Only use genuine spare parts. Daily and periodical
service and maintenance must be performed as per maintenance instructions.
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2.4. 警告标牌及其位置Warning signs and locations
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2.5. 倾斜角度Angle of inclination

在摩擦系数较小的路面（结冰路面或光滑岩面）上行驶时，其安全倾斜角都
小于正常路面的最大倾斜角。When the drill rig travels on the road with small friction
coefficient ( icy road or smooth rock ), the safe inclination angle shall be smaller than that
the maximum inclination angle on normal roads.
在钻机行走或钻孔时，水箱必须固定在工作状态时所处的位置。
When the drill rig is tramming or drilling, the water tank ( radiator ) must be securely fixed
in the place of working state.
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2.5.1. 行走和驻车时 Tramming and parking
钻臂保持在向前方向，推进梁必须落在钻臂的运输支撑座上。
The boom keeps in forward pointing position, and the feed beam must fit on the transport
bracket of the boom.
不准超出限定的角度范围。Never exceed the angle range limits.
爬坡角度 Gradient 侧倾角度 Tilt angle

30° 15°
2.5.2. 钻孔作业时 In drilling

下图所示钻臂转到不同方位时钻孔的最大限定倾斜角。The figure below shows the maximum tilt angle
limits of drilled holes when the boom is rotating in different directions.
钻机翻转会造成严重的人身伤害。在工作时不要超过限定倾斜角。Rig rollover can

cause severe personal injury or death. Do not exceed the tilt angle limits during drilling.
当钻机上部转至侧面及钻臂处于极限位置钻孔时，要格外小心观察。
Extra cares must be taken for observation when the upper part of the drill rig rotates to
the side and when the boom is in limit position.
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2.6. 钻机使用中禁止的操作方式和工作条件 Prohibited operations and working

conditions
2.6.1. 可能造成人身伤害 May cause personal injuries if
• 操作人员未经正式培训 Operators not properly trained

• 无关人员停留在钻机的工作区域内
Irrelevant personnel in the working area of the rock drill
• 安全设施不全或失效 Safety facilities insufficient or failed
• 钻孔场地同时进行装药作业 Explosive charging while drilling
• 把钻机当作人员运送工具 Use the drill rig as personnel carrier
• 把钻机当作起吊工具 Use the drill rig as lifting device
2.6.2. 可能造成设备损坏 May cause damages to the equipment if
• 钻机在地下有空穴的地方作业The rock drill working in places with caves

• 钻机在有落石的地方作业The rock drill working in places with rocks falling
• 钻机的工作地面结冰或其他易滑物质的存在
The rock drill working in icy or other slippery places
• 在高压线下作业并且钻机有可能会碰到带电电线Working under high- voltage
power lines and likely to contact energized power lines
• 在光线差、照明不足的地方作业 Working in places with poor lighting
2.7. 噪音度和噪音辐射 Noise level and Noise radiation

以下给出的噪音辐射能量和噪音度是根据实际工况在钻机驾驶室中测出的。The following noise
radiation and noise level are measured in the cab according to the actual working conditions.
• 驾驶室噪音分贝值Noise level in the cab：..............................................80分贝 dB（A）

• 钻机的噪音辐射能量（钻机在钻孔时）Noise radiation ( when in drilling)....126分贝dB（A）
在每班工作前或钻机行走后都应检测钻机的紧急停机按钮和安全防护装置的
状况是否正常。 Check if the emergency stop buttons / switches and safety protection
devices are working properly before every shift or after the rig tramming.
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2.8. 灭火器的存放位置和使用方法 Location and use of fire extinguisher
认真阅读灭火器瓶上的使用说明。确保灭火器上的压力指针应始终在红色区域之外。
一旦指针已进入红色区域时，立即送到灭火器专业维修店进行处理
Carefully read the operation instructions on the fire extinguishers. Make sure the
pressure pointer of the fire extinguisher is always outside the red zone. Once the pointer
enters the red zone, immediately send the fire extinguisher to a professional
maintenance shop for service.
遇到火情时：In case of fire
1. 立即停止发动机运转。Shut down the engine immediately.
2. 从支架上取出灭火器。Take the fire extinguisher from the bracket.
3. 将灭火器上下摇晃数次使其药品充分混合。
Shake the fire extinguisher up and down several times to fully mix the agents.
4. 拉出灭火器上面的安全销，取下喷管。
Pull out the safety pin on the fire extinguisher and remove the sprayer nozzle.
5. 将灭火器放稳，握住喷管并将喷口对准火焰。
Keep the fire extinguisher stable, hold the spray nozzle, and point towards the fire.
6. 用力握紧压把，灭火剂即可喷出。火焰熄灭后立即松开压把停止喷射，以便保持灭火器内的储量，
防止火焰的复燃。Firmly press the handle for the agents spraying out. Immediately release
the handle to stop the injection once the fire extinction to maintain agent reserves in the fire
extinguisher in case of the fire resurgence.
7. 灭火器使用过后及时送交消防器材部门进行再次充填。
Send the used fire extinguishers to the fire equipment department for refilling.
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2.9. 紧急停机按钮和停机装置Emergency stops buttons and stop device

2.9.1. 紧急停机按钮 Emergency stop buttons
紧急停机按钮不准有任何遮挡物影响对其的操作。
The emergency stop button shall not be covered by anything to obstruct its operation.
每天工作前应检测所有的紧急停机按钮是否工作正常。Check if all emergency stop

buttons are functioning properly before working every day.
紧急停机开关 Emergency stop switch
钻机上设有紧急停机开关，位于驾驶室前下部的卸钎控制手柄旁边。Emergency stop buttons are

located next to the rod unloading control handle, in the front lower of the cab.
紧急停机开关是一个醒目的红色按钮。The emergency stop switch is a prominent red button.
发生紧急情况时，只要按下紧急停机开关的按钮，发动机立即停机，钻机的其他相关动作也将
立即停止，面板上的紧急停机指示灯同时点亮。如果要重新起动发动机，必须将按下的紧急停机
开关复原。顺时针旋转按钮，该按钮即自动弹出，开关复原。
In case of emergency, press the emergency stop button to shut down the engine immediately and other
actions of the drill rig will also stop immediately. At the same time, the emergency stop indicator on the
panel lightens. To restart the engine, reset the emergency stop button. Rotate the button clockwise, it
shall automatically pop out and reset.
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2.10. 自动停机保护功能 Automatic shutdown protection function

如果出现以下情况之一，发动机将熄火。In case of the following situation, the engine shall shut down.
发动机油压低压 0.8bar，控制屏的故障灯点亮报警，显示屏
机油压力过低：出现故障信息。The engine oil pressure below 0.8 bars, the
Engine oil pressure too low: trouble light on the control panel shall lighten and alarm, the
display screen shows a fault message.
发动机水温高于 99℃时，控制屏的故障灯点亮报警，显示屏
发动机水温过高：出现故障信息 When the water temperature of the engine is
Engine water temperature too high: higher than 99 ℃, the trouble light on the control panel shall
lighten and alarm, the display screen shows a fault message.
空压机温度升至超过 110℃；控制屏的故障灯点亮报警，显
压缩机排气温度过高：Compressor 示屏出现故障信息 When the compressor temperature rises
air discharge temperature too high: beyond 110 ℃, the trouble light on the control panel shall
lighten and alarm, the display screen shows a fault message.
液压油温度超过 78℃；控制屏的故障灯点亮报警，显示屏出
液压油温度过高：现故障信息。When the hydraulic oil temperature is over 78 ℃,
Hydraulic oil temperature too high: the trouble light on the control panel shall lighten and alarm,
the display screen shows a fault message.
空压机压力升至超过 25.5bar；控制屏的故障灯点亮报警，显
示屏出现故障信息 When the compressor’s air outlet pressure
压缩机排气压力过高：Compressor
rises beyond 25.5 bars, the trouble light on the control panel
air discharge pressure too high:
shall lighten and alarm, the display screen shows a fault
message.
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如果出现以下情况之一，发动机先降至怠速然后运行几分钟熄火。
In case of the following, the engine shall reset to run at idle for a few minutes and then shut down.
空压机排气压力超过 25bar；控制屏的故障灯点亮报警，显
压缩机排气压力过高：Compressor 示屏出现故障信息 When the compressor’s air outlet pressure
air discharge pressure too high: over 25 bars, the trouble light on the control panel shall lighten
and alarm, the display screen shows a fault message.
控制屏的故障灯点亮报警，显示屏出现故障信息。
回油过滤器堵塞：
The trouble light on the control panel shall lighten and alarm,
Return oil filter clogged:
先导过滤器堵塞：
Pilot filter clogged:
保养周期到：
Maintenance cycle reaches:
电瓶电压低：
Low battery voltage:
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出厂编号 S / N:
3. 操作说明 Operation instructions

3.1. 操作方法Operations
3-1
右扶手箱 Armrest box at right side
12
1. 发动机启动钥匙 Ignition key, engine
2. 油门调节旋钮 Throttle adjusting knob
3. 雨刮开关 Wiper switch
7 4. 洗涤开关 Flushing switch

1
5. 快慢行走切换开关 Fast / slow tramming shift switch

2
8
6. 控制预热器 Pre-heater control
9 3
7. 运行状态切换开关 Running status shift switch
4
10
5 8. 喇叭 Horn switch
11 6 9. 前灯 Front lamp switch
10. 工作灯 Working lamp switch
11. 后灯 Rear lamp switch
12. 操作手柄 Operation handle

3-1-1 关：电源断电，电瓶继电器断电
OFF: Power off and the batter relay off
通电：电源通电，电瓶继电器导通，电气系统供电，监
控系统自检。
Ignition: Power on and the battery relay on. The electrical
system power on and the monitoring system
self-inspection.
启动：发动机启动开关，启动马达通电，启动发动机，
启动后松钥匙，自动回位。
Starting: Turn on the engine starting switch to make the
starting motor power on, thus to start the engine. Release
the key after starting for automatic reset.
3-1-2
调速旋钮：调节发动机转速
Speed adjusting knob: adjusting engine RPM
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3-1-3
打开/关闭：前玻璃雨刮电机
ON / OFF: wiper motor, windshield
3-1-4
打开/关闭：风窗水壶电机
ON / OFF: water jug motor, windshield
3-1-5 快慢行走切换开关
Fast / slow tramming shift switch
快速行走：以快速挡的速度进行行走
Fast tramming: tramming in high speed
慢速行走：以慢速挡的速度进行行走
Slow tramming: tramming in low speed
3-1-6
燃油加热器控制开关：按下预热开关，燃油加热器工作，
给发动机缸套里的防冻剂进行加热。
Control switch of the fuel heater: When pressing down the
preheating switch, the fuel heater works to heat the
anti-freeze in the engine cylinder sleeves.
3-1-7 定位控制盘 Positioning control panel
运行：用于发动机启动和熄火前，整车工作装置卸载，
保持发动机低负载状况下启动和运行；
Running: For unloading the actions of the entire rig before
the engine starting / stopping to make the engine start and
run in a low load condition.
行走：用于行走功能，凿岩功能切断，同时，防止误操
作；
Tramming: For tramming, the drilling functions disabled to
prevent faulty operations.
凿岩：用于凿岩功能，行走功能切断，同时，防止误操
作；
Drilling: For drilling, the tramming functions disabled to
prevent faulty operations.
3-1-8
打开/关闭：蜂鸣器
ON / OFF: buzzer
3-1-9
打开/关闭：底盘前端的 2 盏大灯
ON / OFF: 2 lamps in the front of chassis
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3-1-10
打开/关闭：驾驶室顶部的 2 盏大灯
ON / OFF: 2 lamps on the top of cab
3-1-11
打开/关闭：底盘后端的 2 盏大灯
ON / OFF: 2 lamps at the rear of chassis
3-1-12 行走控制盘（右操纵手柄行走状态）
Tramming control panel ( right operation lever in
tramming status )
3-1-12-1 前进直行行走
Forward straight tramming
3-1-12-2 后退直行行走
Backward straight tramming
3-1-12-3 左转弯
Turn left
3-1-12-4 右转弯
Turn right
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3-1-13 推进回转控制（右操纵手柄凿岩状态）
Feed & rotation control ( right operation handle in drilling
status )
3-1-13-1 推进：回转头向下运行，准备凿岩工作；
Feed: rotary head moving downward, preparing for
drilling;
3-1-13-2 收回：回转头向上运行，停止凿岩工作；
Retract: rotary head moving upward, stop drilling work;
3-1-13-3 正转：控制回转头正转，用于钻孔和接杆操作；
Clockwise rotation: rotary head clockwise rotation, for
drilling & pipe loading;
3-1-13-4 反转：控制回转头反转，只用于卸钎
Counterclockwise rotation: rotary head counterclockwise
rotation, for pipe unloading.
3-1-14 右操纵手柄正面
Front side, right operation handle
3-1-14-1 接卸钎时，控制回转头的速度和推进提升速度，保证接
卸钎时的稳定性、可靠性和安全性
Control the speed of rotary head & feed & lift, ensuring
stability, reliability & safety while pipe loading /
unloading.
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出厂编号 S / N:
3-1-14-2 大冲击：开停阀打开，压缩空气经由开停阀-管道-油雾
器-钻杆-冲击器-钻头这个气路开始供风，冲击器开始工
作。
Big impacting: open ON / OFF valve, compressed air goes
through: on / off valve – pipeline – lubricator – pipe – DTH
hammer – drill bit for air supply & DTH hammer starts to
work.
3-1-14-3 喷黄油：按下后喷黄油
Drill steel greaser: press this button for grease injection
3-1-15 右操纵手柄反面
Rear side, right operation handle
3-1-15-1 快速推进：控制回转头以比正常打钻的快的速度推进或
提升
Fast feed: to control rotary head feed / lift in faster speed.
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出厂编号 S / N:
3-2
左扶手箱 Armrest box at left side
1、换钎控制盘（左操纵手柄）
Pipe changing control panel
1 ( left operation handle )
2、左扶手箱控制面板
Operation panel, left armrest box
3-2-1 换钎控制盘（左操纵手柄）
Pipe changing control panel
( left operation handle )
3-2-1-1 钎进：机械手将钻杆放入钻杆库
Pipe in: pipe is pushed into carousel by
gripper
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出厂编号 S / N:
3-2-1-2 钎出：机械手将钻杆移除钻杆库
Pipe out: pipe is moved out of carousel
by gripper
3-2-1-3 正转：转钎马达正转
Clockwise rotation: rod turning motor
turns clockwise
3-2-1-4 反转：转钎马达反转
Counter clockwise rotation: rod turning
motor turns counter clockwise
3-2-1-5 轻握：接卸钎时使用
Grip pipe lightly: use this function while
pipe loading / unloading
松钎：按下钎爪张开
Fork disengage: push this button to open
gripper jaw
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出厂编号 S / N:
3-2-2 左扶手箱控制面板
Control panel at left armrest
3-2-2-1 往前拨动开关：打到换钎档，机械手控
制系统导通，各换钎开关操作启动
Push the switch forward: shift to rod
changing, gripper control system
connected, all pipe changing switches
start to operate
往后拨动开关：集尘操作启动
Push the switch backward: dust
collection started
3-2-2-2 紧急停机按钮：用于紧急情况下快速熄
火，整车断电功能。如果紧急停机按钮
没有复位，发动机不能再次启动。
Emergency stop button: for machine
shutdown in emergency, the machine
power off. Engine can only be restarted
after emergency stop button reset.
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出厂编号 S / N:
3-2-2-3 往前拨动开关：大冲击模式冲击。
Push the switch forward: big impacting
mode started
小冲击：小冲击模式冲击。
Small impacting: small impacting mode
started
往后拨动开关：开停阀关闭
Pull the switch backward: close the ON /
OFF valve
3-2-2-4 往前拨动开关：下卡钎夹紧
Push the switch forward: grip the lower
fork tightly
往后拨动开关：下卡钎松开
Pull the switch backward: loose the
lower fork.
3-2-2-5 往前拨动开关：上卡钎夹紧
Push the switch forward: grip the upper
fork tightly
往后拨动开关：上卡钎松开
Pull the switch backward: loose the
upper fork.
3-2-2-6 往前拨动开关：卸钎油缸伸出，上卡钎
盒逆时针转动，钻杆螺纹松开
Push the switch forward: the rod
unloading cylinder stretches, the upper
gripper box turns counter clockwise, pipe
thread disconnected
往后拨动开关：卸钎油缸缩回，上卡钎
盒顺时针转动，钻杆螺纹拧紧
Pull the switch backward: the rod
unloading cylinder retracts, the upper
gripper box turns clockwise.
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出厂编号 S / N:
3-2-2-7 往前拨动开关：用于打开履带摆动油
缸，实现车身调平功能和行走减震。
Push the switch forward: to open
oscillation cylinder for rig body oscillation
& shock proof tramming.
往后拨动开关：用于锁止履带摆动油
缸。
Pull the switch backward: to lock the
oscillation cylinder
行走时：左右两侧的调平锁必须打开。
When tramming: oscillation lock at both
sides must be open.
钻孔定位前，左右调平锁必须处于关闭
位置，使定位操作过程中，车身和底盘
处于一种钢性连接，保证定位稳定、牢
固。
Before drilling hole positioning, the left /
right oscillation should be locked, so that
the rid body & chassis will be in rigid
connection to ensure stable & firm
positioning.
3-2-2-8 往前拨动开关：水雾除尘打开
Push the switch forward: to open the
water mist dust collector
往后拨动开关：水雾除尘关闭
Pull the switch backward: to close the
water mist dust collector
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出厂编号 S / N:
3-3
3-3-1 往上拨动手柄：控制扑尘罩提升
Push the switch forward: to lift the
suction hood
往下拨动手柄：控制扑尘罩下降
Pull the switch backward: to lower the
suction hood
3-3-2 往上拨动手柄：上补偿，控制推进梁向
上提升
Push the switch forward: to control the
feed beam upward lifting
往下拨动手柄：下补偿，控制推进梁向
下下降
Pull the switch backward: to control the
of the feed beam downward movement
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出厂编号 S / N:
3-3-3 往上拨动手柄：举臂，控制大臂举升
Push the switch forward: boom up, to
control the boom to lift up
往下拨动手柄：落臂，控制大臂落下
Pull the switch backward: boom down,
to control the boom to lower down
3-3-4 往上拨动手柄：右摆臂，控制大臂向右
摆动
Push the switch forward: boom swing
right, to control the boom to swing to the
right
往下拨动手柄：左摆臂，控制大臂向左
摆动
Pull the switch backward: boom swing
left, to control the boom to swing to the
left
3-3-5 往上拨动手柄：前倾，控制推进梁向前
摆动
Push the switch forward: forward tilt, to
control the feed beam to tilt forward
往下拨动手柄：后仰，控制推进梁向后
摆动
Pull the switch backward: backward tilt,
to control the feed beam to tilt backward
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出厂编号 S / N:
3-3-6 往上拨动手柄：右摆角，控制推进梁向
右摆动
Push the switch forward: swing right, to
control the feed beam to swing to the
right
往下拨动手柄：左摆角，控制推进梁向
左摆动
Pull the switch backward: swing left, to
control the feed beam to swing to left
3-3-7 往上拨动手柄：控制车身后仰
Push the switch forward: to control the
rig body backward tilt
往下拨动手柄：控制车身前倾
Pull the switch forward: to control the
rig body forward tilt
3-3-8
定位压力：调节定位动作的压力
Positioning pressure: to regulate the
pressure of positioning action
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出厂编号 S / N:
3-4
3-4-1
燃油油位表：显示燃油箱的燃油油量
（“E”刻度表示油箱缺油，需要马上加
油；“F”刻度表示油箱满油）
Fuel gauge: show fuel level in fuel tank
( “ E ” means lack of fuel, & add oil is
needed; “ F ” means full of fuel in the
tank )
3-4-2
推进压力表：显示推进压力的数值（压
力表的读数即为推进马达的进口压力
值，单位 Mpa）
Feed pressure gauge: show the value of
feed pressure ( the gauge shows the
pressure of feed motor, UM: Mpa )
3-4-3
回转压力表：显示回转压力的数值（压
力表的读数即为回转马达的进口压力
值，单位 Mpa）
Rotary pressure gauge: show the value
of rotary pressure ( the gauge shows the
pressure of rotary motor, UM: Mpa )
3-4-4
冲击压力表：显示凿岩机冲击压力的数
值（压力表的读数即为凿岩机冲击进口
压力值，单位 Mpa）
Impacting pressure gauge: show the
value of drifter impacting pressure ( the
pressure gauge shows drifter impacting
pressure value, UM: Mpa )
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出厂编号 S / N:
3-5 高压推进压力：在高冲击压力状态下，
回转头推进压力调节；
High feed pressure: rotary head feed
pressure regulation under high impacting
pressure.
低压推进压力：在低冲击压力状态下，
回转头推进压力调节；
Low feed pressure: rotary head feed
pressure regulation under low impacting
pressure.
3-6
1. 调节凿岩回转转速
Regulate drilling rotation speed
4 2. 调节推进压力
Regulate feed pressure
3 3. 调节推进压力
2 4. 调节卸钎压力
1 Regulate pipe unloading pressure
3-7 1. 调节左行走压力
Regulate left tramming pressure
2 2. 调节右行走压力
1
Regulate right tramming pressure
3 5
3. 调节推进压力
4 6
4. 调节提升压力
Regulate lift pressure
5. 调节正转压力
Regulate the pressure of clockwise
rotation
6. 调节反转压力
Regulate the pressure of
counterclockwise rotation
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出厂编号 S / N:
3-8
1
2
1、调节单向平衡阀压力。
Regulate balance valve pressure
2、调节推进马达刹车解锁压力
Regulate the unlock pressure of feed
motor brake
3-9
防卡压力调节阀：
Anti-jamming pressure regulating valve
用于在打钻过程中，设定防卡系统的启
动压力值。
Set start up pressure value of
anti-jamming system while drilling.
3-10
先导压力调节，出厂后一般不需要调节
Pilot pressure regulation. Normally no
regulation needed after leaving the
factory.
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出厂编号 S / N:
1. 风扇开关Fan switch
- 此开关可选择三种风速Three kinds of speed for selection
- 风扇用于空气循环和暖风Fan for air circulation and heating.
- 风扇运转时，空气开始循环（1-3风档的任意一个）
When the fan is running, air starts circulating ( any of the 3 speeds ).
2. 暖风开关Heater switch
空调的使用Air conditioner operation
• 高温季节In hot weather

- 把气流选择开关向右转到底，关闭驾驶室与外界空气交换的风口。
Turn the air flow switch to the right completely to close the air
exchange between the cab and the outside.
- 开关向左旋转关闭暖风。Turn the switch to the left to turn off the heater.
- 向右旋转开关打开气流循环，并选择适当的制冷温度。
Turn the switch to the right to open the air circulation and choose the proper cooling temperature.
- 通过调节开关选择风速Choose the fan speed.
• 寒冷季节 In cold weather

- 把气流选择开关向右转到底，关闭驾驶室与外界空气交换的风口。Turn the air flow switch to the
right completely to close the air exchange between the cab and the outside.
- 快速将开关向右旋转打开暖风。Quickly turn the switch to the right to open the heater.
- 开关向左旋转到底关闭气流循环。
Turn the switch to the left completely to close the air circulation.
- 通过调节开关选择风速Choose the fan speed.
空调最佳使用方法Optimum use of air conditioner
• 风扇风速和室内温度均很容易调节，尽可能地避免使用最大风扇风速，如果感觉室内温度过
低时，首先应降低风扇风速，然后再视需要调节温控器。The fan speed and room temperature
are easily to adjust. Avoid to use maximum fan speed as much as possible. If you feel the room
temperature too cold, turn down the fan speed first and then adjust the temperature controller.
• 将各出风口的风向调节到最佳方位，尽量避免气流直接吹向自己。
Adjust the air outlets to the best directions to avoid air flow direct blow to yourself.
• 钻机工作时避免打开驾驶室门，并保持驾驶室内的气流位于内部循环状态。这样既能保持室
内空气更有效的循环利用，又可以避免室外的噪音、发动机废气和粉尘对人身健康的影响和
伤害。Avoid opening the cab door when the rig is working and keep the air flow in the cab in an
internal circulating state. Thus to keep the room air recycle more efficiently and also avoid the
outdoor noise, engine exhaust and dust to personal health damage.
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出厂编号 S / N:
• 尽量不要将驾驶室内的温度调得过低，因为长时间处在温度过低的环境中对人的身体健康不
利。长时间操作时，应选择一个最合适的室内温度。建议驾驶室的温度低于室外温度5-7摄氏
度。室内温度调节原则是依据个人的感觉舒服与否而不是根据温度计的读数。另外，由于空
气的对流具有除湿效果，所以可以通过空气循环对流和吹暖风的方式进行玻璃除霜。
Do not turn the cab temperature too low, as low temperature condition for a long time may harm
to health. Choose an appropriate room temperature when working for a long time. It is
recommended that the temperature in the cab is 5-7℃ lower than the outdoor temperature. The
cab temperature is adjusted based on the personal feelings rather than thermometer reading. In
addition, since the air cross-ventilation with dehumidifying effect, glasses can be defrosted
through the air circulation and cross-ventilation as well as warm air.
• 湿气太重的空气不利健康，可以通过驾驶室的空气循环对流减小空气中的湿度使驾驶室内的
空气更为自然。The heavy humid air is harmful to health. Reduce the air humidity with the cab air
circulation and cross-ventilation to make the air more natural.
3.2. 钻机在严寒地区的使用Operation in severe cold areas

如果室外温度低于0摄氏度时，必须及时清除钻机上积存的冰霜，尤其是脚踏板和扶手位置。
If the outdoor temperature drops below 0℃, the frost in the rig must be removed timely, especially
the foot step and handrails.
发动机起动后须先将液压油预热再进行钻机的操作。右控制台“液压油预热”开关，即可对系统
液压油进行预热。当预热完成后，则将开关调回到中间位置。
Preheat the hydraulic oil after the engine starts, then operate the drill rig, preheat the system
hydraulic oil with the “ Hydraulic oil preheating ” switch on the right console. Reset the switch to the
neutral position after the preheating finished.
柴油加热器能对发动机冷却液、液压油、驾驶室进行加热，该部件为选装件。
The diesel heater can warm up the engine coolant, hydraulic oil and cab. This is for option.
在严寒地带，起动发动机之前有必要对发动机冷却液和液压油进行预热。In extreme cold areas,

the engine coolant and hydraulic oil must be preheated before starting the engine.
3.3. 焊接Welding
不要用焊接方式对大臂、大臂零件及油缸进行修理。
Do not repair the boom, boom components and cylinders with welding manner.
对钻机进行焊接时，可能会损坏钻机的电气系统和电子元件，所以在焊接时，一定
要严格按照以下的流程进行操作。
Welding on the rig may cause damage to the electrical system and electronic elements
of the drill rig. Strictly comply with the following procedures when welding.
1. 发动机停机，将其开关调到停机位置。
Turn the switch to the STOP position to stop the engine
2. 断开电源总开关。Cut off the main power switch.
3. 将焊机的地线与钻机上需要焊接的部位连接。并且连接点要尽可能靠近焊接点，以便减少焊接时
产生的强大电流对轴承、液压元件、电气/电子元件和履带的损伤几率。Connect the ground wire of
the welding machine to the drill rig parts that need to weld. The connection points should be as close
as possible to the welding points to eliminate the risk of damage to the bearings, hydraulic elements,
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出厂编号 S / N:
electrical / electronic elements and tracks caused by the strong current generated during welding.
4. 防止焊接时溅出的碎片和杂物对电路线圈的损坏。
Prevent the spilled fragments and debris damage to the circuit coils when welding.
5. 按照焊接的标准作业规则进行焊接。
Perform welding according to the standard operation regulations of welding.
3.4. 工作前的巡视检查 Walk around Inspection before operation
发动机启动前检查 Check list before engine starts
环视检查 Look around Inspection

检查发动机的机油油位，油位应在油尺
上的上下刻度标记之间。
Check the engine oil level. The oil level
shall be between the upper and lower
marks on the oil sight glass
检查发动机冷却液液面，检查散热器胶
管和管接头的密封状态。
Check the engine coolant level. Check the
seals of the radiator hoses and pipe
adapters.
检查发动机所有的V－传动带的状态和
张紧程度。
Check the condition and tension of all
V-driving belts of the engine.
排除油水分离器下部的水。
Drain the water in the lower of the oil
separator.
检查水泵是否泄漏。
Check the water pump for leaks.
检查液压油的油位
Check the hydraulic oil level.
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出厂编号 S / N:
检查燃油箱的油量
Check the fuel level
检查空压机的油位
Check the air compressor oil level
检查电磁泵润滑油的油位（4）
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出厂编号 S / N:
目视检查回转头与托盘的连接螺栓如
果发现螺栓松动和断裂，参照维修手册
进行紧固和替换。
Visually check the connecting bolts
between the rotary head and tray, if any
loose and broken, refer to the
maintenance manual for fastening and
replacement.
检查履带的张紧。履带正常张紧的标准
是链轮与引导轮之间的上部履带的下
垂量为15-35毫米。
Check the tension of tracks. The proper
tension is 15 mm to 35 mm sag for the
upper track between the carrier roller
and the idler.
检查集尘器的吸尘管状态以及连接情
况。除尘管接口抱箍必须紧固；除尘管
道没有破损；粗滤筒和除尘箱口的自密
封橡胶皮没有破损，长度要合适（能自
密封）Check the condition and
connection of the suction pipes of the
dust collector. The clamps of the suction
pipes shall be tightened; the self-sealing
rubber strips of the pre-separator and
dust collector port shall be not broken
and the length of rubber strips shall be
proper ( can self-seal ).
3.5发动机的起动与停止Engine start and shutdown

3.5.1. 发动机的起动 Engine start
发动机起动前必须确认所有无关人员都已离开发动机和钻机运转的危险区
域。钻机上所有的操作杆均已返回中位。Make sure no irrelevant personnel in the
danger zone of the engine and drill rig before starting the engine. Make sure all
operating levers / handles are reset to neutral positions.
低温时起动发动机Start in low temperature
1. 将发动机点火钥匙顺时针转到“点火”位，然后停留一段时间直到监控屏显示正常，（大概需要停
留五秒钟）。Turn the engine ignition key clockwise to the “ IGNITION ” position, and then wait for a
few seconds until the monitor screen displaying normal ( approximately 5 seconds).
2. 将点火钥匙继续顺时针旋到发动机起动位。发动机的起动马达每次起动运转的时间不允许超过30
秒。Continue to turn the ignition key clockwise to the START position. It is not allowed to start running
for more than 30 seconds for the starting motor of the engine each time.
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出厂编号 S / N:
3. 发动机运转平稳前不要使用其它控制手柄。
Do not operate other control handles / levers before the engine in stable running
4. 如果发动机起动失败，将点火钥匙转回停机位置。停留三分钟后再重复前两步的操作。
If the engine fails to start, turn the ignition key back to the STOP position. Wait for 3 minutes and then
repeat the above two procedures.
发动机起动后，要经过预热，当发动机水温达到 60℃后，才能进行钻孔操作。空压
机在发动机预热后，才能开始加载运行。The engine shall be warmed up after starting.
Only the engine water temperature reaches 60℃ can perform the drilling operation. The
air compressor can load and operate after the engine is warmed up.
正常情况下，严禁使用启动液来辅助起动发动机。
It is prohibited to use starting fluid to facilitate the engine start under normal condition.
5. 如果外界环境温度低于零下十八摄氏度时，对发动机冷却液进行预热并/或必要时使用备用瓶。
If the ambient temperature outside is lower than -18 ℃, pre-heat the engine coolant and / or use the
backup battery if necessary.
在严寒地区起动钻机时，先用燃油加热器对发动机进行预热，预热时间 15-20 分钟，

预热时，检测发动机的水温
When starting the rig in extreme cold area, warm up the engine with the fuel heater for
15-20 minutes. When pre-heating, check the water temperature of the engine.
发动机启动后的检查 Check list after engine starting

检查发动机冷却液温度
Check the engine coolant temperature.
检查空压机温度。
Check the air compressor temperature.
检查发动机的机油压力。
压力应在 3－4bar 的范围内。
Check the engine oil pressure. The pressure shall
be within 3 - 4 bars.
检查液压油的油位
Check the hydraulic oil level
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检查压力表的功能是否正常
Check if all pressure gauges are working
properly.
检查钻机其他部位是否有漏油的现象。
Check if any leaks for other drill rig components
3.5.2. 发动机的运转 Engine operation
发动机排出的废气中含有一氧化氮、一氧化碳等对人身健康有害的成分。
因此在发动机运转时，应确保驾驶室内有良好的通风。The engine emissions are
harmful to health due to hazardous substances such as nitrate oxide and carbon oxide.
Make sure the cab is well ventilated when the engine is running.
发动机运转时，注意下列事项：Be careful with the following when the engine is running:
• 发动机的机油压力应保持在正常范围内（3－4bar）。
The engine oil pressure shall be within the normal range ( 3 – 4 bars)
• 不要让发动机长时间地在怠速下运转。Do not let the engine run at idle for a long time.
严禁在无人照管的情况下运转发动机。
It is prohibited to leave the engine unattended while running.
3.5.3. 发动机的停机 Engine shutdown
发动机停机前，应先让发动机在怠速的状态下运行三分钟，使发动机内部热
量平衡后再停机。The engine shall run at idle for about 3 minutes to lower the internal
temperature before shutdown.
将发动机的点火钥匙逆时针转到“停机”位置，发动机则熄火。
Turn the engine ignition key counter clockwise to the “ STOP “ position to stop the engine.
如需紧急停机，按下钻机上的任何一个紧急停机按钮都可以紧急停机。
In case of emergency stop, press any one emergency stop button on the rig to shut
down the engine.
发动机在运行期间，严禁断开电瓶的主开关。这将导致充电电机和调压器的损
坏。Do not cut off the main switch of the battery when the engine in running, otherwise
it will damage the charging motor and voltage regulator.
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3.6. 行走操作Tramming operation

一般行走 General tramming
钻臂和推进器引导到正前方，车身水平，钻臂收缩并且把推进梁落在支撑上。
Direct the boom and feed straight ahead, keep the rig body level, contract the boom and position the
feed beam to the support.
上坡行驶 Uphill tramming

尽可能伸展钻臂和抬起机尾。Extend the boom and raise the rear section of the rig as much as
possible.
下坡行驶 Downhill tramming

使钻臂和推进器尽可能地收缩。Contract the boom and feed as much as possible.
斜坡横向行驶 Traversing tramming on the slope

在横向倾斜时把钻臂系统作为配重。钻臂和推进器侧向斜坡高处一侧。
Use the boom as a counterweight when traversing inclines. The boom and feed lean toward the
higher side of the slope.
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3.6.1. 行走前 Before tramming

行走前注意下列事项：Precautions before tramming:
• 钻臂必须置于行走位置。The boom must be placed in the tramming position.
• 钻机的周围有足够的运行空间。There is enough operation space around the drill rig.
3.6.2. 行走时钻臂的正确放置位置 The boom correct position when tramming

• 将钻机钻臂调到行走位置（钻臂朝前）。
Move the drill rig boom to the tramming position ( boom forward )
• 将推进梁落在钻臂的支撑点上。操作时应小心谨慎，防止油管、电缆受挤压及推进梁不会碰到
其它部件。Move the feed beam to the supporting points. Be careful to prevent the pipes and cables
from being squeezed and the feed beam from touching other parts when operating.
3.6.3. 驾驶室内的行走操纵 Tramming controls in the cab

• 钻机正常行走时，解除两边履带的锁定状态。
Disable the locks on both sides of the track when the rig is in normal tramming.
• 用相应的操纵杆操作行走。
Control the tramming operations with the corresponding operating levers.
• 底盘液压系统连接成左操作杆控制左边履带、右操作杆控制右边履带。
The hydraulic system of the chassis connected is the left operating lever to control the left track and
the right operating lever to control the right track.
• 钻机的行走有两个速度档位选择：高速档（有兔子符号）和低
速档。档位选择按钮开关S7在右仪表开关面板上。高速档位只
能在路面状况比较好的情况下使用，在比较颠簸或有坑的路面上钻机只能选择低速档位。
There are two speed for rig tramming: high speed ( a rabbit symbol ) and low speed. The option
button switch S7 is located on the right meter switch panel. The high speed can only be used in
good road conditions, for bumping roads or roads with pits, choose the low speed.
• 钻机起步行走时，应缓慢的将左右履带的操作杆向前推。操作杆的位移决定钻机的行走速度。
越向前推操纵杆，钻机的速度越快。如需要倒车，只需将操纵杆都向后拉。
When the rig starts tramming, slowly push forward the operating levers of both the left and right
tracks. The displacement of the operating levers determines the tramming speed. The more
forward to push the operating levers, the faster the rig. If need to reverse the rig, pull back the both
operating levers.
• 如果钻机在高速行驶时比较吃力，应立即将履带操纵杆置于中间位置，同时通过选择开关选择
低速行走。When the rig is more difficult to run at high speed, immediately place the operating
levers in the neutral position, and at the same, choose low speed.
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• 如果钻机向右转弯，只需将左操纵杆推向前、右操纵杆置于中间位置。If the drill rig turns right,

only push the left operating lever forward, the right operating lever keep in the neutral position.
• 如果钻机需要快速向右转弯，只需将左操纵杆推向前、右操纵杆向后拉，同时选择开关S7必须
位于低速档位置。If the drill rig needs to turn right, only push the left operating lever forward and
pull the right operating lever backwards, and at the same time, the option switch must be placed in
the low speed position.
• 选择开关用来分别锁定钻机左右两边履带摆动。
The option switch is used to lock the track oscillation on both sides of the drill rig respectively.
3.6.4. 履带的摆动 Track oscillation

钻机的倾翻会造成严重的人员伤亡事故和机械设备的损坏。所以任何情况下都不允
许将钻机超出限定的倾斜角度。Rollover of the drill rig will result in serious personal
injuries and equipment damages. Therefore under no circumstances shall allow the drill
rig to exceed the limited inclination angle.
一旦钻机履带的锁定状态解除，应将钻臂保持在行走的位置并且驾驶室上方与履带
平行。Once the lock state of tracks are disabled, shall keep the boom in the tramming
position and keep the top of the cab parallel with tracks.
钻机行走时，应解除履带摆动的锁定状态。此措施可确保最大的舒适性及降低钻机的结构部件
在行走时由于路面不平产生的应力。Disable the lock state of the track oscillation when the rig is
tramming. This can ensure a maximum comfort and reduce the stress that the rig’s structural components
generated due to the uneven road when tramming.
当钻机在不平坦的路面上行驶时，启动履带摆动可以使钻机的上部机身在行驶时尽可能保持水
平状态。此措施有利于发动机润滑系统的正常工作，同时也可以保持钻机重心的平衡。
When the rig is tramming on an uneven road, the track oscillation function can keep the upper body of
the rig in a level state when tramming. This facilitates to normal function of the engine lubricating system,
and can also keep the balance of the rig gravity center.
如果钻机在行驶时其中单边履带跨越一障碍物时，可以通过履带摆动而保持机身的平衡。避免
翻越障碍物而引发的翻车事故。If one side of track crosses over an obstacle when the rig is tramming,
the rig body can be balanced through the track oscillation to avoid rollover while crossing the obstacle.
3.6.5. 停机制动 Parking Brake

• 钻机装备两套带液压马达的传动齿轮机构。这两套机构均配备了多盘弹簧制动、液压释放的
制动系统。当行走操纵杆至中位时，制动器立即自动制动。钻机开始起步行走时，则制动将
立即自动释放。The rig is equipped with two sets of driving gear mechanisms with hydraulic
motors. The two sets of mechanisms are both equipped with braking system of multi disc spring
braking and hydraulic releasing. When the tramming operating levers are in the neutral position,
the brake is automatically applied at once. When the rig starts to tram, the brake will be
automatically released immediately.
• 钻机行走时，行走操作杆不能突然回中位。When the rig is tramming, the tramming operating

levers cannot be suddenly returned to the neutral position.
3.6.6. 场地之间的行走 Tramming between fields

• 起动发动机之前，先确认行走操作杆是否处于中间位置。
Confirm if the tramming operating levers are in the neutral position before starting the engine.
• 按照前面发动机起动章节所述起动发动机。
Start the engine according to the engine starting section in previous chapter.
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• 将钻机钻臂置于行走位置。Place the rig boom in the tramming position.
3.6.7. 孔位之间的移动 Moving between drilling holes

• 将钻机钻臂向上升起。Raise the rig boom upward.
• 将推进梁提升到足够的高度，确保钻机在行走移动时，推进梁的下端不会碰撞地面。
Raise the feed beam high enough to make sure the lower end of the feed beam shall not contact
the ground when the rig is tramming.
• 用右操作盘上的选择开关将钻机行走速度设为低档。Set the drill rig at the low speed with the

option switch on the right control panel.
3.7. 钻孔操作Drilling operations

3.7.1. 钻凿冲击成孔原理 How a hole is drilled ( drilling principle )
Flushing 钻凿冲击成孔的四个基本动作 Four basics of drilling a hole:
• 冲击动作，能使钻头凿进岩石。
Percussion, for the drill bit to cut into the rock.
• 推进动作，使钻头与岩石保持紧密接触。
Feeding, to keep the drill bit tightly pressed on the rock.
• 回转动作，在下一个冲击动作之前使钻头转动到新的位置。
Rotation, to rotate the drill bit to a new position before start of
Rotation the next percussion process.
Feeding • 洗孔排渣，清除钻孔中的岩硝同时给钻具降温。
Flushing, to clear the drill cuttings in the hole and to cool down
the drill tools.
Percussion
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冲击Percussion 通过钻具传递的冲击器冲击能量包括冲击力和冲击频率。冲击
功率取决于设定的冲击压力。
The percussion energy of the hammer transmitted through the
drill bit includes the percussion force and percussion frequency.
The percussion power depends on the percussion pressure setting.
钻孔时的基本要素之一是钻具传递冲击能量的能力。一定规格
的钻具具有其限定的最大传递能量。当传递的冲击能量超出最
大限定值时，将导致钻具的迅速提前损坏。One of the basic keys
during drilling is how the drill tools transfer the percussion energy.
All Drill tools have their own energy transfer limits. The energy
exceeding the limit will cause premature damage of drill tools.
钻孔时的冲击能量取决于被钻岩石的种类。如果需要钻孔的岩
石比较软时，则选用钻机的下限压力范围；反之，如果被钻孔
的岩石比较坚硬时，则应选择上限压力范围。
The percussion energy during drilling depends on the rock types. If
the rock is soft, choose the lower pressure limit of the rock drill; if
the rock is hard, choose the upper pressure limit.
Percussion
选择合理冲击压力的原则是既要考虑穿透率，又要兼顾钻具的
使用寿命 As principle of choosing proper percussion pressure,
both the penetration rate and the service life of the drill tools
should be considered.
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推进Feeding 推进动作是为了保持钻头始终紧压住被钻岩石。The purpose of

feeding is to keep the drill bit tightly pressed on the rock.
当钻机的冲击压力升高时，推进压力也随之提高。合理的推进
压力的设定取决于冲击压力的大小、岩石的坚硬程度、钻孔的
深度以及钻具的类型。 Feeding pressure increases with the
percussion pressure. Proper feeding pressure settings depend on
the percussion pressure, rock hardness, drilling depth and drill tool
types.
在破碎岩层进行钻孔时，应选择较低的冲击压力和推进压力。
Choose lower percussion pressure and feeding pressure in crushed
Feeding
rock drilling.
最佳推进压力的设定可以通过“观现象”和“听声音”的方法来判
断。The optimum feeding pressure can be set by “observation” and
“listening to the sound”.
观现象Observation：
- 推进过程平顺稳定（推进梁托架无跳动或抖动的现象）
The feeding process is smooth and stable ( there is no sign of
the feed beam bracket jumping or vibrating )
- 钻杆旋转平稳（转速较稳定）
The drill rods / pipes rotate smoothly ( the speed is steady )
- 回转头推进平稳，没有上下跳动
The rotary head feeds smooth, without jumping up and down
- 钢丝绳没有明显跳动The steel cable is no obvious jumping
- 钻具的穿透率较稳定
The penetration rate of drilling tools is relatively stable.
听声音Listen to the sound:

- 冲击声音坚实沉闷（没有嗒嗒的异常声音和振动的声音出现）
The percussion sound is solid and dull ( no tap-tap abnormal noise
or vibratory sound)
钻孔操作时必须注意单凭提高推进力的办法是不可能提高穿透
率的，一味的增加推进压力最终将导致孔偏斜，同时钻杆的弯
曲又将使得旋转的压力升高。Please note that it is not possible to
increase the penetration rate just by increasing the feeding force
during drilling operations. Blindly increasing the feed pressure
shall eventually lead to hole deviation and at the same time,
bending of drill rods / pipes will increase the rotation pressure.
反之如果推进力过低，将使钻头不能完全贴紧岩石。这将使得
冲击能量不能完全传递到岩石，同时部分能量（钻孔的能量）
将会反弹回去，对钻头、钻杆和推进梁托架造成损坏。
On the contrary, if the feeding force is too low, the drill bit will not
tightly pressed on the rock and the percussion energy cannot be
completely transmitted to the rock, at the same time, part of
energy ( drilling energy ) will reverse back causing damages to the
drill bit, drill rod and feed beam bracket.
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回转 Rotation 在冲击成孔的凿岩过程中，回转的功能是改变每次冲击中钻头
刃齿与岩石的接触位置。
In percussive drilling, rotation is to change the contact position of
bit tip and rock for each of percussion.
理想旋转速度取决于钻头的几何形状、钻头的类型和直径以及
岩石的可钻性（岩石的硬度、耐磨性等等），同时钻杆的旋转
速度还与钻孔参数有关。
The ideal rotation speed depends on the geometric shape, drill bit
type and diameter as well as drill ability of the rock ( hardness and
wear resistance, etc.); and the rotation speed of the rod / pipe is
also relevant to the drilling parameters.
Rotation
太低的旋转速度造成能量的损失，因为过低旋转使得钻头重复
破碎岩石从而降低穿透率。这将使得钻头和钻硝互相研磨，而
不是破碎岩石。
Rotation speed too low will lead to loss of energy as too low
rotation speed will cause the bit repeatedly drilling the broken
rocks and slow the penetration rate. This just causes the bit
abrading broken rocks instead of cutting and breaking rocks.
过高的旋转速度导致钻头的快速磨损，因为此时岩石被旋转磨
蚀而不是冲击破碎。同时过高的旋转速度还会造成钻具的螺纹
连接过紧，使得钻杆的拆卸困难。
Rotation speed too high will result faster wearing of the bit.
Rotation speed too high will also lead to over tight thread
connection of the drill rod / pipe and cause detachment of the rod
/ pipe much more difficult.
洗孔Flushing 利用压缩空气洗孔的目的是将孔底处已经被破碎的岩硝排出孔
Flushing
外。压缩空气是通过钻具的气道然后通过钻头的气孔排出。混
合岩硝的压缩空气通过钻具和孔壁之间的环状间隙吹出。
The purpose of hole flushing with the compressed air is to blow
out the crushed rock debris from the bottom of the hole. The
compressed air flows into the airways of the drill tools and blows
out the particles from the blowholes of the drill bit. The
compressed air blended with rock debris is blown out from the gap
between the drill tool and hole walls.
如果洗孔排渣不畅，将导致穿透率降低（岩硝增加），缩短钻
具的使用寿命，加速钻头的磨损，并增加卡钻的几率。
If holes blocked, the penetration rate is reduced ( with increasing
of rock debris ) and this will cause shortening the service life of
drill tools, accelerating the wear of the drill bit and increasing the
risk of the drill rod jamming.
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3.7.2. 钎具润滑系统 Lubrication system of drill tools

钎具润滑系统用于对冲击器以及钎头进行润滑。
The lubrication system of drill tools is used to lubricate the hammers and drill bits.
压缩空气将油雾器的润滑油泵入位于风管及钻杆孔壁中，将润滑油吹送到冲击器及钎头的各个润滑
面。The lubricant in the lubricator is pumped into the air hoses and drilling hole walls with the compressed
air and blown into various lubricating surfaces of the hammers and drill bits.
不间断的给系统注入润滑油是冲击器润滑系统的基本要求。冲击器润滑不良将造成冲
击器部件和钎头的损坏。It is a basic requirement of the hammer lubrication system to
uninterruptedly inject the lubricating oil into the system. Poor lubrication will cause
damages to the hammer components and drill bits.
必须按照说明书的要求选择正确的钎具润滑油，并根据环境的温度确定润滑油的黏
度。
Choose the correct drill tool lubricant according to the instruction manual and confirm the
lubricant viscosity according to the ambient temperature.
3.7.3. 钻具 Drill tools

钻具规格 Drill tools specifications
回转头的旋转扭矩通过过渡螺纹接头传递给与其
相连的钻具。The rotation torque of rotary head
transmitted through the transition screwed adapter
to the connected drill tools
钻杆的两头都有相同的扳手卡槽，方便钻杆连接
与拆卸。The same wrench slots are available on
both ends of the drill rod / pipe for convenient
connection and disengagement of the drill rod /
pipe.
连接钻杆一段为外螺纹一段为内螺纹。
Male thread and female thread on different ends of
rod / pipe.
冲击器外缸上装有带扳手口和连接螺纹的上接
头，下端装有螺纹连接的的卡钎套。卡钎套主要
用于向钻头传递推进力和回转运动。The upper
end of the hammer outer cylinder with wrench slot
and threaded upper adapter. The lower end with
threaded drive chuck. The drive chuck is mainly for
transmitting feed force and rotary motion to the
drill bit.
球齿钻头是钻孔中最常用的钻头。具有良好的穿
孔能力、较高的耐磨性和易于修磨等特点。各种
型号的球齿钻头可用于不同的岩石和钻孔的条
件。Button bit is the most commonly used bit with
better penetration ability, higher wear resistance
and easier grinding for reuse. Different types of
button bits used for different rock and drilling
conditions.
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钻头规格Drill bit specifications

钻头规格(mm)
90 102 115
Drill bit specifications ( mm )
钻头规格(英寸)
3.5 4 4
Drill bit specifications ( inch )
回转转速(rpm)
85-75 75-65 65 - 60
Rotation speed ( rpm )
以下为几种不同类型的钻具的连接和应用。
The following is the connections and applications of different types of drill tools：
Rotary head main shaft
Thread transition adapter
Drill steel / rod / pipe
Connections between drill

rods / pipes
Drill steel / rod / pipe
Connections between the

drill rod / pipe and the
DTH hammer
Down-the-hole hammer
Drill bit
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3.7.4. 钻杆装入杆架中 Load drill rod into the rod carousel

• 将钻臂和推进梁摆动接近水平位置。Swing the boom and feed beam close to a horizontal position.
• 清洁钻杆的螺纹。Clean the threads of the drill rods/ pipes
• 将钻杆放入下扶钎器，合拢抓爪。Place the rods into the lower centralizer and clamp the jaw.
• 操作回转头向前并使过渡接头的螺纹拧入钻杆上螺纹。Operate the rotary head forward and

make the transition adapter screw in the upper thread of the drill rod.
• 稍微松开扶钎器的抓爪，操作回转头后退至换杆器上下抓爪之间。
Slightly loosen the jaw of the centralizer. Operate the rotary head backward to a place between the
upper and lower grippers of the rod changer.
• 将换杆器抓爪移动至钻孔中心，合拢换杆器抓爪（不要抓紧钻杆），对钻杆进行导向。
Move the rod changer gripper to the drilling hole center, clamp the gripper ( do not grasp the rod
tightly ) to pilot the rod.
• 继续后退回转头，直到钻杆可以放回储杆架，并且钻杆上下端不碰到储杆架的上下限位板。
Continue to retract the rotary head until the rod / pipe can be placed into the rod carousel and the
upper and lower end of the rod does not contact the upper and lower limit plates of the carousel.
• 合拢上、下换杆器的抓爪，退出回转头过渡接头螺纹与钻杆上接头的螺纹连接。
Close the upper and lower grippers of the rod changer, and disconnect the transition adapter
threads of the rotary head from the drill rod upper adapter threads.
• 收回送杆臂至钻杆储杆架，松开上、下抓爪后钻杆自动落在限位支撑板上。
Retract the rod extension arm to the rod carousel, and loosen the upper and lower grippers to let
the rod automatically fall on the limit support plate.
• 重复上述过程装入下一根钻杆。钻杆储杆架内共可储存七根钻杆。
Repeat the above steps to load the next drill rod. The rod carousel can store 7+ 1 rods.
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推进梁伸缩油缸向上推进，将钻臂尽可能下降。
Feed the telescopic cylinder of the feed beam upward to
lower the boom as much as possible.
首先将推进梁放至接近钻孔角度，此时推进梁顶尖并未
顶紧地面。把钻机支撑定位后将推进梁向下移顶紧地面
并最后将钻孔角度调好。注意在斜坡上进行钻孔时，务
必将钻机的钻臂朝着下坡的方向。
Firstly place the feed beam close to the drilling angle, and
at this moment, the tip of the feed beam is not firmly
pressed against the ground. After the drill boom is
supported and positioned, move the feed beam downward
to firmly press against the ground, and finally adjust the
drilling angle. Notes: when drilling on a slope, make sure to
place the rig boom towards the downhill direction.
如果顶针着地后要移动钻臂位置，应同时操作二个臂的
动作以防在钻臂机构上产生不必要的应力。正确的定位
应使钻机三点支地。其中的一个支点是推进梁顶针而另
二个支点是两履带的后端或是后支腿加其中一边履带。
If the boom needs to be moved after the tip of the feed
beam has been firmly against the ground, operate the two
boom actions simultaneously to avoid the unnecessary
stress on the boom. The correct positioning is the drill rig
supported on the ground with three points. One point is
the feed beam tip, and the other two points are the rear
end of the two tracks or the rear support legs with one side
track.
钻孔时行走操纵杆应始终处于中位，同时确保其不被他人触动。
The tramming operating levers shall always be in the neutral position when the rig is
drilling, and be sure not activated by others.
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3.7.5. 开孔 Hole Collaring

• 向下运动回转头使钻头轻触地面岩石。
Move the rotary head downward to allow the drill bit to softly touch the ground rock.
• 关闭扶钎器的抓爪使钻杆保持中心位置。
Close the jaw of the rod centralizer to keep the rod in a central position.
• 必要时提起活动扑尘罩，使操作手在开孔时清楚地看到钻头的位置和状况。
Lift the movable suction hood when necessary for operators to clearly see the location and conditions
of the drill bit when collaring holes.
• 在开孔时可使用低风洗孔，在钻孔时则应选用高风压洗孔。When collaring, select the low pressure

air flow to flush holes; when drilling, select the high pressure air flow to flush holes.
开孔的动作顺序如下The collaring procedures are as follows:
1. 旋转：将组合式钻孔操作杆向左板，旋转动作开始，旋转的速度与操纵杆板动的行程成比例变化。
Rotation: Turn the combo drilling control levers to the left to start rotating. The speed of rotation is
proportional to the travel distance of the control levers.
2. 开风冲击：与旋转同步开始，未接触地面时，钎头气孔开始吹风排渣。
Air Flushing and impacting: Start simultaneously with the rotation. Blowholes in the bit start to blow
and debris are removed before the bit contacts the ground.
3. 推进：将组合式操作杆朝前推，回转头的推进开始，推进速度与操作杆的行程成比例变化，操作
杆朝前推动的行程越大，推进的速度越快。当操作杆推到足够位置时，将被锁定进入钻孔位置，
此时开始正常开孔。Feeding: Push forward the combo control levers to feed the rotary head. The feed
speed is proportional to the travel distance of the control levers. The further the control levers pushed
forward, the faster the feed speed. When the control levers are pushed a sufficient position, it will be
locked into the drilling position to start the normal holes collaring.
注意：在开孔后如发现钻头滑动而偏离钻孔方向时，应立即提升回转头，然后重新开始开孔动作直
到开始于要求的钻孔方向。
Notes: If the bit is sliding and deviated from the setting drilling direction after collaring, immediately lift
the rotary head and restart the collaring action until to the required drilling direction.
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3.7.6. 钻孔 Drilling
钻孔推进压力的大小是通过驾驶室中推进压力溢流阀进行调节的。
The feed pressure of the drill rig is adjusted by the overflow valve of feed pressure in the cab.
 当出现“推进不足”时，回转头和推进链条产生抖动。
When the feeding is insufficient, the rotary head and steel cable shall shake
 当出现“过量推进”时，回转头和推进链条均有过量地向下顶推的趋势，这样很容易使钻孔
产生偏斜，甚至钻杆发生弯曲。
When the feeding is excessive, the rotary head and steel cable has a trend of pushing downward
which will lead to holes deviation or even drill rod bending
注意：上述的“推进不足”和“过量推进”的钻孔状态都会造成钻具损坏和非正常磨损。
Note：Both of the above insufficient and excessive feeding for drilling states will cause abnormal
wearing and damages to the drill tools
在钻孔的过程中应随时注意观察洗孔排渣是否正常。
Always watch out if flushing working properly during the drilling.
如果需要，将回转头上下移动并开启强制风洗孔。在钻孔过程中应注意观察压缩空气的压力是
否正常。如果发现压力升高时，很有可能是钻头上的气孔被堵死的缘故（钻孔中的岩硝未能及时排
出孔外）。如果在钻孔中发现岩硝排出量减少甚至没有岩硝排出时，应谨慎操作，并且确定洗孔是
否正常。此时最好停止推进，将回转头上提以便淸孔。
If necessary, move up and down the rotary head to flush. Always check the compressed air pressure
during drilling. If the air pressure is increasing, it is very likely that the blowholes of the drill bit blocked
( the rock debris are not blown out from the holes in time during drilling ). If the rock debris flowing out
decreases or even nothing out, operate carefully and check if the hole flushing is working properly. It is
better to stop the percussion and lift up the rotary head for hole flushing process if these happen.
3.7.7. 钻孔参数 Drilling parameters

钻孔时，冲击压力、推进压力、旋转速度之间的合理匹配及其参数的正确设定取决于岩石的种
类以及钻孔的孔径。当钻孔条件发生变化时，其钻孔的参数也应及时进行调整以满足不同岩石和孔
径对参数的需要。下列表格列出了钻孔的基本压力和一些参数调节不正确的典型例子以及表现特征。
使用表中的数据进行适当的调整。When drilling, the proper configurations of the compressor air
pressure, feed pressure and rotation pressure and correct setting of each depend on the rock types as
well as the hole diameter. When the drilling conditions change, the drilling parameters should also be
adjusted accordingly to meet the parameter requirements for different rocks and hole diameters.
钻头直径风压推进压力回转压力回转转速

Bit Diameter Air pressure Feed pressure Rotation pressure Rotating speed
钻孔Drilling 90 - 115 17 50 - 70 小于less than 60 45 - 85
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Action 故障Problems 表现特征Descriptions

- 需要增加推进压力。Need to increase the feed pressure
- 减少回转头和钻具的使用寿命。
Shorten the service life of the rotary head and the drill tools.
冲击压力过高
Impact pressure too
- 液压系统的液压油温度过高。
冲击 high
The hydraulic oil temperature of hydraulic system too high.
Percussion
/ - 增加了卡钻的可能性
Impacting Increase the possibility of drill tool jamming
- 降低穿透率。（当在软岩层钻孔时，使用比在硬岩钻孔更低
冲击压力过低的冲击压力可以获得理想的穿透率和延长钻具的使用寿命）。
Impact pressure too Decrease penetration rate. ( When drilling in soft rocks, lower
low percussion pressure than that in hard rock can achieve ideal
penetration rate and prolong the drill tools service life
- 加速钻头边缘的磨损（尤其是抗变形钻头）。Faster wear of
button edge. ( Especially for the anti-deformation bits)
旋转速度过高
Rotating speed too - 钻硝成钻粉状。The drilling cuttings become powder
high
- 加快凿岩机和旋转机构的磨损。Faster wear of the DTH
hammer and the rotating mechanism.
回转
Rotation - 钻具旋转速度不稳定。
The rotating speed of the drill tools is not stable.
旋转速度过低
- 穿透率降低。Low penetration rate.
Rotating speed too
low
- 增加钻杆和凿岩机的旋转机构的应力。
Increase the stress on the drill rod / pipe and rotation
mechanism of rotary head.
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- 影响正常的旋转速度（旋转压力不稳定）。Affect normal
rotating speed ( the rotation pressure not stable ).
- 增大旋转力矩（旋转压力上升），使得钻具和凿岩机的旋转
机构过载。Increase the rotation torque ( rotation pressure
increases ), causing the drill tools and the rotation mechanism
of DTH hammer overloaded
注意！旋转压力的升高还可能会造成钻杆的弯曲或其他异常
的旋转。Note！ The increased rotation pressure can also cause
推进压力过高
drill rod bending or other abnormal rotations.
Feed pressure too
high.
- 钻杆变弯曲，加速扶钎器和钎尾套的磨损，增加活塞倾斜击
打钎尾的平面的几率。The drill rod bends with faster wear of
the drill rod centralizer and drive chuck, and increasing the risk
of the piston inclined impacting the shank flat
- 凿岩机出现异常的响声。
The DTH hammer with abnormal sounds.
注意！过度增加推进力，并不能够增加穿透率。Note! Excessive
推进
feed force increasing will not increase penetration rate.
Feeding
- 凿岩机在钻孔时产生跳动和抖动(伴有金属清脆的撞击声)。
The DTH hammer jumps and shakes when drilling ( with metal
crisp impacting sound ).
- 加速连接套和凿岩机钎尾套前端的磨损。Faster wear of the

connecting sleeve and the front end of the hammer shank
sleeve
- 加速凿岩机壳体前端面的磨损(缩短凿岩机的维修保养周期)
推进压力过低 Faster wear of the front end of the DTH hammer housing
Feed pressure too ( shorten the maintenance intervals of the DTH hammer)
low.
- 穿透率降低。凿岩机活塞冲击时未处于正确位置，仅有部分
冲击力经钎尾、钻具传递到岩石上。
Low penetration rate, the DTH hammer not in the correct
position when piston impacting, only part of impact force
transmitted to the rock through the shank, drill tools.
- 钻具的使用寿命降低（钻具产生巨大的膨胀应力）。
Shorten the service life of the drill tools ( the drill tool has huge
expansion stress).
- 增加卡钻的几率。Increase the risk of jamming.
洗孔气压过低
- 降低钻孔的穿透率。Decrease the penetration rate of drilling
Air pressure too low.
洗孔
Flushing - 岩硝碾磨成粉状。The drilling cuttings are grinded to power.
- 加速钻头的磨损。Faster wear of drill bit.
洗孔气压过高
Air pressure too high.
- 发动机过载。Engine overloaded.
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3.7.8. 增加钻杆 Adding drill rods / pipes
1. 回转并向下推进。
Rotate while feed downward
2. 钻杆四方卡槽与下卡钳器在同一高
度时，停止推进和回转。
When the square slot of the drill rod and
the rod clamp device are at the same
height, stop feeding and rotation.
3. 往下拨“下卡钎”拨扭，伸出下卡钎
器，卡住钻杆。
Turn downward the “ Lower Pipe Clamp ”
button to extend the rod clamp device
and lock the drill pipe.
4. “关风”停止冲击器供风，准备换钎。
Press “Air Supply Stop” button to stop air
supply to the hammer and ready for rod
changing.
5. 按下接卸钎按钮，松掉回转头与钻杆
的螺纹连接。同时提升回转头到接钎位
置。
Press pipe loading / unloading button to
loosen the thread connection between
rotary head and drill pipe. At the same
time, lift the rotary head to rod loading
position.
6. 按下右手柄背面的“喷黄油”按钮，在
钻杆连接螺纹上涂润滑脂。
Press “ Drill Steel Greaser ” button to
grease the threads connections of the
drill rod.
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7. 操作“钎出”开关，将储杆器的钻杆送
出到推进梁中心，准备接钎。
Operate “ Pipe out ” switch to extend the
drill rod from the rod carousel to the
center of the feed beam for rod loading.
8. 按下接卸钎按钮和缓慢向前操作推
进手柄，使回转头与钻杆上接头螺纹连
接紧固。
Press pipe loading / unloading button &
push operation handle forward slowly to
make the threads connections fastening
between the rotary head and the upper
adapter of the drill pipe.
9. 操作“轻握”开关，将钻杆扶住。
Operate the “ Grip pipe lightly “ switch to
hold the pipe.
10. 继续向下推进回转头，使钻杆下接
头与卡钳器上的钻杆上接头对接，并旋
紧钻杆螺纹。
Continue to push the rotary head
downward to couple the drill rod lower
adapter and the drill rod upper adapter
on the rod clamp device, and tighten
them.
11. 按住“松钎”开关，同时操作“钎进”
开关，把机械手转回钎仓。
Press “ Fork disengage ” switch, at the
same time, operate the “ Gripper Arm In
“ switch, the gripper arm swings to the
carousel.
12. 按住“松钎”开关，同时操作“正转”
开关，把钻杆转一角度，使机械手能够
抓住钻杆。
Press “ Fork disengage ” switch, and at
the same time, operate the “ Clockwise "
switch to turn the rod to certain angle to
make the gripper arm grasp the pipe.
13. 松开“松钎”开关，使机械手紧握钻
杆。
Loosen the “ Fork disengage ” switch to
make the gripper arm grasp the pipe
lightly.
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14. 往上拨“下卡钎”拨扭，收回下卡钎
器，松开钻杆，准备开始钻孔作业。
Turn upward the “ Lower check ” button,
retract the pipe clamp device and loosen
the pipe for drilling operation.
3.7.9. 结束钻孔 End of drilling

钻孔结束时，上下推进回转头进行洗孔，保证成孔的质量。并按一下操作进行卸杆操作。
At the end of drilling, feed the rotary head up and down to flush the holes to ensure the quality of holes.
and follow the instructions below for rod unloading operation.
1. 往后拉“推进”手柄，把钻杆往上拉。
Pull back the “ Forward feed “ handle to pull drill pipe
upward.
2. 拉到钻杆接缝处于上下卡钎盒中间位置时，停止往上
拉。
When the drill pipe pulled to the center position of the
upper and lower gripper box, stop pipe pulling.
3. 操作“上卡钎”开关，使上卡钎油缸伸出，卡牢钻杆。
Operate “ Upper check “ switch, to make the upper pipe
clamping cylinder stretch out to clamp the rod.
4. 操作“下卡钎”开关，使下卡钎油缸伸出，卡牢钻杆。
Operate “ Lower check “ switch, to make the lower pipe
clamping cylinder stretch out to clamp the rod.
5. 按住“松钎”按钮，同时操作“钎出”开关，转出机械手，
使机械手可以抓住钻杆。
Press the “ Fork disengage “ button, at the same time,
operate the “ Gripper Arm Out " switch to swing the
gripper to grasp the pipe.
6. 松开“松钎”按钮，使机械手抓住钻杆。
Loosen the “ Fork disengage “ button to make the gripper
grasp the pipe.
7. 操作开关，按下"轻握"按钮。
Operate the button switch to “ Grip pipe Lightly “ position.
8. 操作“卸钎”开关，按下卸钎开关，使卸钎油缸伸出，
推动上卡钎盒旋转，拧松钻杆之间的螺纹。
Turn upward the “ Pipe unloading “ switch to stretch out
the pipe unloading cylinder. Make upper rod gripper box
turn to loosen the threads of pipes.
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10. 按住“接卸钎”按钮，同时操作回转手柄，往后拉，
使回转头反转。拧松回转头与钻杆的螺纹。
Press “ Pipe loading / unloading ” button, at the same
time, pull backward the rotary handle to counterclockwise
rotate the rotary head to loosen the connection of rotary
head & pipe.
11. 按下“上卡钎”开关，使上卡钎油缸缩回，松开钻杆。
Press “ Upper check “ button, to retract the upper rod
clamping cylinder to loosen the pipe.
11. 同时操作右手柄，往后拉，使回转头反转并往上走，
卸开下面钻杆之间的螺纹连接，走到钻杆可以进钎仓的
高度。
At the same time, pull backward the right handle to
counter clockwise rotate & lift the rotary head, disconnect
the threads of lower pipes, and lift until the drill pipe to
the height that can swing to pipe carousel.
13. 同时操作右手柄，往后拉，使回转头反转并往上走，
卸开回转头与钻杆的连接。
At the same time, pull backward the right handle, to
counter clockwise rotate & lift the rotary head, uncouple
the connections of the rotary head and drill pipe.
14. 操作“钎进”开关，使机械手握住钻杆，转回钎仓。
Operate the “ Pie in “ switch to make the grippers grasp
the pipe, and swing back to the pipe carousel.
15. 按住“松钎”按钮，同时操作“反转”开关，转动钻杆
45°。Press the “ Fork disengage “ button, at the same time,
operate the “ Counter Clockwise “ switch to turn the pipe
45°.
16. 操作右手柄，往前推，使回转头往下走，走到快碰
到钻杆处停止。Push the right handle forward to lower the
rotary head until almost touch the drill pipe, then stop.
17. 按住“接卸钎”按钮，同时操作右手柄，往前推，使
回转头缓慢正转。使回转头与钻杆的螺纹连接。
Press the “ Pipe loading / unloading “ button, at the same
time, push the right handle forward to clockwise rotate the
rotary head and couple the threads of the rotary head and
drill pipe.
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• 按照上述步骤继续退下一根钻杆，直到全部钻杆都退出。
Repeat the above steps to remove the next drill rod until all rods are removed.
• 在退卸钻杆的过程中，应随时注意确认在孔内尚未退出的钻杆与连接套之间的螺纹是否松动。如
果出现松动，立即操作钻孔组合操作杆使钻杆进行旋转，从而拧紧其间的螺纹连接。In the process
of rods unloading, always check if the threads between the rod and the coupling which are still in the
hole are loosen. If loosen, immediately operate the combo operating levers to screw them tight.
• 应避免将钻头穿过吸尘头从而破坏其橡胶密封。
Should avoid the drill bit passing though the dust suction head to damage its rubber seal
• 提升推进梁时，应格外谨慎，避免孔口处松碎的岩石落入孔内造成孔的堵塞。
Extra care must be taken when lifting the feed beam to prevent the crushed rocks at the hole openings
from falling into the hole causing the hole blockage.
3.8. 钻机的运输 Transportation of drill rig

3.8.1. 行驶到拖车平台上 Driving the drill rig onto the trailer deck
钻机在行驶到拖车平台上之前，必须使钻臂和推进梁置于行走状态时的位置。钻机在上、
下拖车时不许超出限定的行走坡度。 Place the boom and feed beam in the tramming
position before driving the rig onto the trailer deck. The drill rig is not allowed to exceed the
tramming gradient limit when driving onto and off of the trailer.
• 必须使用专用跳板驾驶钻机上、下运输拖车。同时装卸地点必须平整坚实。
Use special ramp to drive the rig onto or off of the transportation trailer. The loading and unloading
place must be leveled and solid.
• 钻机行经跳板时，应利用机身的俯仰摆动油缸和调节钻臂的重心来保持钻机的平衡。
When the rig drives through the ramp, keep the rig balanced with the oscillation cylinder and
adjustment of the gravity center of the boom.
• 钻机上、下拖车时，只允许使用低速档位同时小心谨慎。
Only allows the low speed l when the rig drives on / off the trailer and be careful.
• 钻机驶上拖车后，应立即将钻臂和推进梁落下并支撑在拖车的底板上。After the rig drives onto the

trailer, immediately lower the boom and feed beam onto the support of the trailer base plate.
• 锁定钻机的摆动油缸。Lock the track oscillation cylinder.
• 将钻机履带的后端及钻臂用牢固的绳索和链条与拖车进行可靠的扎紧，防止钻机在拖车运输过程
中发生移动。Securely tie the rear of the rig tracks and boom with the trailer using the strong ropes and
chains to prevent the rig movement during transportation.
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在制定钻机运输路线时，钻机的尺寸、重量、重心位置应始终作为其参考因素。
When planning rig transportation route, the dimensions, weight and gravity center of
the rig should be always used as reference factors.
3.9. 存放须知Storage instructions

存放的环境要求：Environment requirements for storage:
• 环境温度应在0-35摄氏度之间，并且避免钻机直接受到阳光的直射和雨淋。The ambient
temperature should be between 0 ℃ and 35 ℃, and keep the drill rig away from the sun and rain.
• 周围空气的湿度低于90%。The air humidity less than 90%
存放前的必要准备工作 Necessary preparations before storage:
• 彻底清洗钻机（用高压水枪或蒸气），尤其是在钻机刚刚结束使用，或者是经过运输后。
Completely clean the drill rig ( with high pressure water gun or vapor ), in particular, immediately after
the rock drill used or the rock drill transported by seaway.
• 给所有润滑点加注润滑油。Lubricate all the greasing points.
• 在外露的油缸活塞杆上涂上防护油脂。Grease exposed piston rod of oil cylinder.
• 更换已经超过使用期限或已经被污染的润滑油和冷却液。
Replace the expired or contaminated lubricant and coolant
• 对电气设备进行有效的防护，防止电路腐蚀损坏。
Effectively protect the electrical devices from corrosion and damage.
用没有腐蚀性的专用油脂，对下列部位进行喷涂：
Spray the following parts with the non-corrosive special grease:
- 电器接线桩点Electrical equipment connector lugs

- 电瓶接线头Battery connector lugs.
- 电器元件的多极接线头Multiple connectors of electrical components
- 电磁阀、压力开关等接头的防护盖。在防护盖上涂满油脂。 Protection caps of connectors of
solenoid valves and pressure switches, etc. Grease the protection caps.
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故障诊断 Diagnosis and trouble- shootings

一、发动机的故障排除 I. Engine trouble-shootings
1、启动无反应 Nothing happening on start-up

原因 Causes 检查及处理方法 Checks and measures
检查磁力开关是否正常
启动马达失效 Starter motor failure Check if the magnetic switch working normally
检修或更换启动马达 Repair or replace the starter motor
检查启动继电器线圈端脚是否有+24V 控制电压 Check if the
coil terminals of the start relay with +24V control voltage
启动继电器失效 Start relay failure
检查继电器触点是否烧蚀，更换启动继电器 Check if the relay
contacts burned. Replace the start relay.
转动钥匙到启动档位，测量启动桩脚是否有+24V 电压 Turn
the key to the " START " position and check if the terminal with
启动钥匙失效 Ignition key failure +24V voltage.
更换启动钥匙 Replace the start key
2. 启动困难 Difficult to start

电瓶电压低调阅显示屏，查看电压值是否有 24V
Low battery voltage Check the display to see if the voltage is 24V
启动马达性能不良检修或更换启动马达
Poor performance of starter motor Repair or replace the starter motor
启动减载线路失效 Starting load 检查风扇马达电磁阀的控制电路 Check the control circuit of
shedding circuit failure the solenoid valve of the fan motor
压缩机控制失效，启动发动机时空
压缩机加载电磁阀电路开路，检查电路和加载电磁阀
压机自动加载 Compressor control
The compressor loading solenoid valve circuit open，check the
failure and compressor automatic
circuit and loading solenoid valve.
loading when starting the engine
机油温度低使用燃油加热器，预热发动机
Low engine oil temperature Preheat the engine with the fuel heater
防冻剂温度低使用燃油加热器，预热发动机
Low antifreeze temperature Preheat the engine with fuel heater
液压油温度低 Low hydraulic oil
temperature
燃油油路堵塞
Fuel pipes clogged
检查燃油管路是否破损，更换；接头是否松脱，紧固接头 Check
燃油系统进气
if the fuel pipelines damage, replace if necessary; check if the
Air inlet of fuel system
adapters loose, tighten them
空气滤芯堵塞清洗或更换空气滤芯
Air filter element clogged Clean or replace the air filter element
检查进气管道密封情况，紧固接头，更换破损胶管
进气管道破损
Check the sealing of intake pipelines, tighten the adapters and
Air Inlet pipes damaged
replace the broken hoses.
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3. 掉速 Speed drop
燃油滤芯堵塞
更换燃油滤芯 Replace the fuel filter element
Fuel Filter element clogged
空气滤芯堵塞
清洁或更换空气滤芯 Clean or replace the air filter element
Air filter element clogged
检查进气管道密封情况，紧固接头，更换破损胶管
进气软管破损
Check the sealing of air intake pipelines, tighten the adapters and
Air Intake hose broken
replace the broken hoses.
涡轮增压器失效 Turbocharger
检修或更换涡轮增压器 Repair or replace the turbocharger
failure
喷油器失效 Oil injector failure 检修或更换喷油器 Repair or replace the oil injector
降低压缩机工作压力
发动机过载 Engine overloaded
Reduce the working pressure of the compressor
4. 高温 High temperature
防冻液液位过低
添加防冻剂 Add antifreeze
Antifreeze level too low
冷却风扇转速不够调整风扇工作压力
Low speed of cooling fan Adjust the working pressure of the cooling fan
散热器表面脏用高压风冲洗散热器
Dirty surface of the radiator Wash the radiator with high pressure air
散热器内部管路堵塞用水箱除垢剂清洁水箱内部管道
Radiator inside pipelines clogged Clean the inside pipelines with radiator detergents
节温器失效 Thermostats failure 更换节温器 Replace the thermostat
水温传感器失效检测或更换水温感应塞
Water temperature sensor failure Repair or replace the water temperature sensor
水泵失效 Water pump failure 检修或更换水泵 Repair or replace the water pump
水泵皮带失效 Water pump belts 更换水泵皮带 Replace the water pump belts
进气管道破损检查管道密封或更换橡胶软管
Air Intake pipes broken Check the pipe seals or replace the rubber hoses
5. 自动熄火 Auto shutdown

调阅显示屏显示的报警信息，根据提示检查相关部件、系统，
安全保护系统启动 Starting of the 排除故障解除安全保护 Check the warning information on the
safety protection system display screen, check the relevant parts and systems according to
the display, trouble shootings and eliminate the safety protection
熄火电磁阀性能不良检修或更换熄火电磁阀（只适用于 ZGYX423B 机型）
Poor performance of the shutdown Repair or replace the shutdown solenoid valve ( only applied for
solenoid valve ZGYX423 Bdrill rig )
燃油油位低 Low fuel level 添加燃油 Add fuel
燃油滤芯堵塞
更换燃油滤芯 Replace the fuel filter element
Fuel filter element clogged
燃油管路进气检查燃油管路接头，燃油系统排气 Check the fuel pipelines and
Air in the fuel pipelines adapters/ connections and bleed air out of the fuel system
空气滤芯堵塞
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6. 功率不足 Lack of power

进气管道破损或漏气检查管道密封情况或更换进气胶管
Intake pipes broken or leaking Check the pipes sealing or replace the intake hose
涡轮增压器失效
Turbocharger failure
喷油器雾化不良
检修或更换喷油器 Repair or replace the oil injector
Poor atomization of the oil injector
高压油泵性能不良调校高压油泵（只适用于 ZGYX423B)
Poor performance of the high Adjust the high pressure oil pump ( only applied for ZGYX 423B
pressure oil pump drill rig )
大修发动机，更换发动机四配套
气缸压缩比过低 Cylinder
Overhaul of engine and replace the cylinder barrel, piston,
compression ratio too low
piston rings and piston pins
空气滤芯堵塞
7. 冒黑烟 With black smoke

空气滤芯堵塞
进气管道破损或漏气检查进气管道密封情况或更换进气胶管 Check the intake
Intake pipes broken or leaking pipelines sealing or replace the intake pipes / hoses
喷油器雾化不良 Poor atomization of 调校高压油泵（只适用于 ZGYX423B)
the oil injector Adjust the high pressure oil pump ( only ZGYX423B drill rig )
气缸压缩比降低 Cylinder 大修发动机，更换发动机四配套 Overhaul of the engine and
compression ratio too low replace the cylinder barrel, piston, piston rings and piston pins
降低压缩机工作气压
发动机过载 Engine overloaded
Reduce the working pressure of the compressor
8. 冒白烟 With white smoke

遮挡部分水箱，降低散热风扇转速 Cover parts of the radiator
水温低 Low water temperature
to reduce the speed of the radiator fan
缸盖裂纹 Cylinder cover cracked 检查或更换缸盖 Check or replace the cylinder cover
缸床垫失效
更换缸床垫 Replace the cylinder cover gaskets
Cylinder cover gaskets failure
9. 冒蓝烟 With blue smoke

四配套磨损大修发动机，更换四配套
Wear of the cylinder barrel, piston, Overhaul of engine and replace the cylinder barrel, piston,
piston rings and piston pins piston rings and piston pins
气门导管油封失效
更换气门油封 Replace the oil seals of valve guides
Oil seals of valve guides failure
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二、空压机的故障与排除 II. Air compressor trouble-shootings
1. 不能加载 Unable to load

加载电磁阀不能断电，检查控制线路 The loading solenoid
加载电磁阀控制失效 Loading valve can't be power off, check the control circuit
solenoid valve control failure 加载电磁阀断电，检修或更换电磁阀 The loading solenoid
valve power off, repair or replace the solenoid valve.
进气阀阀门卡涩失效检修或更换进气阀
Intake valve jammed or failure Repair or replace the intake valve
2. 不能卸载 Unable to unload

加载电磁阀控制失效 Loading 加载电磁阀无电，检查控制线路 The loading solenoid valve
solenoid valve control failure with no power, check the control circuit
进气阀阀门卡涩失效
检修或更换进气阀 Repair or replace the intake valve
Intake valve jammed or failure
进气阀阀门密封失效
检修或更换进气阀 Repair or replace the intake valve
Intake valve seals failure
进气阀控制气管破损或松脱
The control pipes of intake valve 检查或更换控制气管 Repair or replace the control pipes
damaged or loosen
3. 压力低 Low pressure

调压阀设定压力低
重新调整调压阀设定压力
Low pressure setting of the pressure
Readjust the pressure setting of the pressure regulation valve
regulation valve
空气滤芯堵塞
Air filter elements clogged
进气阀阀门卡涩，开启不够
Intake valve jammed or not enough 检修或更换进气阀 Check or replace the intake valve
of opening
油气分离器堵塞更换油气分离器滤芯
Oil separator clogged Replace the oil separator filter element
排气管理泄露检查泄露，更换泄露胶管和密封 Check for leakage and replace
Air outlet pipes leakage the leaked pipes / hoses and seals
4. 风量小 Low air flow

开停阀开度不够 On / off valve
检修或更换开停阀 Repair or replace the on / off valve
without enough opening
油气分离器滤芯堵塞 Oil separator 更换油气分离器滤芯 Replace the oil separator filter element
filter element clogged 更换压缩机机油 Replace the compressor oil
最小压力阀卡涩失效
检修或更换最低压力阀
The minimum pressure valve
Repair or replace the minimum pressure valve
jammed or failure
空气滤芯堵塞
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5. 机头高温 High temperature of the compressor air end

压缩机机油偏少 Compressor oil Low 添加压缩机机油 Add compressor oil
散热器表面脏
清洁散热器 Clean the radiator
Dirty surface of the radiator
温控阀失效 Thermostat valve failure 检修或更换温控阀 Repair or replace the thermostat valve
温度传感器失效
更换温度传感器 Replace the temperature sensor
Temperature sensor failure
压缩机机油滤芯堵塞 Compressor oil
更换压缩机油滤 Replace the compressor oil filter element
filter element clogged
检修或更换油泵（只适用于 ZGYX423B) Repair or replace
油泵失效 Oil pump failure
the oil pump ( only applied for ZGYX423B drill rig )
6. 油温低 Low oil temperature

温控阀失效 Thermostat failure 更换温控阀 Replace the thermostat valve
散热风扇转速过高调整风扇压力，降低风扇转速
Cooling fan speed too high Adjust the fan pressure and reduce the fan speed
7.停机时呕油 Oil overflow when shutdown

逆止阀失效 Check valve failure 检修或更换逆止阀 Repair or replace the check valve
进气阀密封失效
检修或更换进气阀 Repair or replace the inlet valve
Inlet valve seals failure
三、电气系统故障与排除 III. Electrical system trouble-shootings
1. 整机无电 No power of the entire rig

电瓶失效 Battery failure 更换电瓶 Replace the battery
清洁电瓶桩头和电缆接头，紧固连接，防腐处理
电瓶桩头接触不良 Poor contacts of the
Clean the battery terminals and cable glands and tighten
battery terminals
and antiseptic treatment
电瓶开关失效
更换电瓶总开关 Replace the battery main switch
Battery switch failure
2. 电瓶亏电 Battery undercharged

发电机失效不发电
检修或更换发电机 Repair or replace the generator
Generator failure
发电机调节器失效，发电电压低
检修或更换发电机调节器
Generator regulator failure, low
Repair or replace the generator regulator
generating voltage
发电机皮带失效
更换发电机皮带 Replace the generator belt
Generator belt failure
发电机皮带涨紧不够，皮带打滑 Loose
重新涨紧发电机皮带 Tension the generator belt
of generator belt, and belt creep
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3. 保险跳闸 Fuse tripping

线路短路 Short circuit 检查线路破损或烧蚀 Check for circuit damage or burn
用电器过载检查用电器性能
Electrical devices overloaded Check the performances of the electrical devices
四、换钎机构故障与排除 IV. Rod handling system trouble-shootings
1. 换钎整体无动作 Nothing happens

换钎开关电路故障检查换钎线路的供电
Rod changer circuit and switch fault Check power supply of rod changer circuit
换钎电磁阀失效检修或更换电磁阀
Rod changer solenoid valve failure Repair or replace the solenoid valve
2. 转钎不动 No turning action of the rod changer

检查及处理方法
原因 Causes
Checks and measures
电磁阀控制失效 Failure of the 检修或更换转钎电磁阀
solenoid valve controls Repair or replace the solenoid valve of the rod changer
控制线路断线
检修线路 Check the circuit
Control circuit broken up
3. 转钎不停 Non-stop of the rod changer turning

调整接近开关安装间隙
接近开关失效 Adjust the mounting clearance of the proximity switch
Proximity switch failure
更换接近开关 Replace the proximity switch
控制器失效 Controller failure 刷控制器程序 Refresh the controller programs
4. 定位不准 Rod not in correct position

接近开关位置调整不合适
调整接近开关安装位置
Improper adjustment of the
Adjust the mounting position of the proximity switch
proximity switch position
5. 抓钎不到位 Inaccurate positioning of rod gripping

限位接近开关位置调整不合适
调整接近开关安装位置
Improper adjustment of the limit
Adjust the mounting position of the limit proximity switch
proximity switch position
限位螺栓调整不合适 Improper
调整限位螺栓的长短 Adjust the length of the limit switch bolt
adjustment of the limit switch bolt
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五、回转头的故障与排除 V. Rotary head trouble-shootings
1. 进气管漏气 Air Inlet pipes leak

中心轴气封失效 Center shaft air seals failure 更换气封 Replace the air seals
2. 油封漏油 Oil seals leak

中心轴密封失效 Center shaft seals failure 更换密封 Replace the oil seals
3. 锁套不动作 No action of the lock sleeve

锁套控制电路失效检修线路和控制开关
The control circuits of lock sleeve failure Check the control circuits and control switches
锁套控制电磁阀失效 The control solenoid 检修或更换电磁阀
valve of lock sleeve failure Repair or replace the solenoid valve
锁套控制液压油压力偏低 Low control 测量和调整控制压力
hydraulic oil pressure of the lock sleeve Check and adjust the control pressure
4. 钻速不可调 Rotating speed not adjustable

检查及处理方法
原因 Causes
Checks and measures
回转速度调节阀失效检修或更换调节阀
Rotating speed regulation valve failure Repair or replace the regulation valve
液压泵磨损，性能不良检修或更换液压泵
Worn hydraulic pump with poor performance Repair or replace the hydraulic pump
5. 回转转速过高或过低 Rotating speed too high or too low

回转速度调节阀失效检修或更换调节阀
Rotating speed regulation valve failure Repair or replace the regulation valve
6. 推进压力过高或过低 Feed pressure too high or too low

推进压力调节阀失效检修或更换调节阀
Feed pressure regulation valve failure Repair or replace the regulation valve
7. 提升无力 Lift force limited

检查并紧固回转头固定螺栓
回转头运动部件是否有卡涩 Check and tighten the fixed bolts of the rotary head
Moving parts of rotary head jamming 调整回转头托架耐磨板间隙 Adjust the clearance of
the rotary head wear resistant slide plate on bracket
推进压力调压阀失效调整推进压力到设定值
Feed pressure regulation valve failure Adjust the feed pressure to setting value
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六、液压系统的故障与排除 VI. Hydraulic system trouble-shootings
1. 液压油高温 High hydraulic oil temperature

液压油位低 Low hydraulic oil level 添加液压油 Add hydraulic oil
散热器表面脏 Dirty surface of radiator 清洁散热器 Clean the radiator
散热器管路堵塞 Radiator pipes clogged 清洁散热器 Clean the internal radiator
调整风扇马达工作压力
风扇转速低 Low fan speed
Adjust the working pressure of the fan motor
导风罩破损 Fan housing broken 导风罩整形，密封 Repair and seal the fan housing
传感器失效 Sensor failure 更换传感器 Replace the sensor
线路失效 Circuit failure 检修控制电路 Check the control circuit
温控阀失效 Thermostat failure 更换温控阀 Replace the thermostat valve
回油旁通阀失效
检修或更换温控阀 Repair or replace the thermostat valve
Return oil bypass valve failure
溢流阀压力过低
重新调整压力设定 Readjust the pressure settings
Overflow valve pressure too low
溢流阀压力过高
Overflow valve pressure too high
2. 大臂动作慢或无动作 Slow action or no action of the boom

溢流阀压力低
Low pressure of the overflow valve
工作泵失效 Working pump failure 检修或更换液压泵 Repair or replace the hydraulic pump
油缸平衡阀压力低 Low cylinder 调整平衡阀启动压力
oscillation valve pressure Adjust the starting pressure of the oscillation valve
油缸失效 Oil cylinder failure 检修或更换油缸 Repair or replace the oil cylinder
换向阀失效 Directional valve failure 检修或更换换向阀 Repair or replace the directional valve
3. 行走无力 Weak tramming

主泵失效 Main pump failure 检修或更换液压泵 Repair or replace the hydraulic pump
行走马达失效检修或更换行走马达
Tramming motor failure Repair or replace the tramming motor
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公制与英制的换算表 Metric and imperial conversion table
1 巴=14.504 磅 / 平方英寸 1 bar = 14.504 psi
1 克=0.035 盎司 1 g = 0.035 oz
1 千克 = 2.205 磅 1 kg = 2.205 lb
1 千米/小时 = 0.621 英里/小时 1 km/h = 0.621 mile / h
1 千瓦=1.341 马力 ( 英制和美制 ) 1 kW = 1.341 hp ( UK and US )
1 公升=0.264 美制加仑 1 L = 0.264 US gal
1 公升=0.220 英国标准加仑 ( 英制) 1 L = 0.220 Imp gal ( UK )
1 公升=0.035 立方英尺 1 L = 0.035 cu. ft
1 米=3.281 英尺 1 m = 3.281 ft
1 毫米= 0.039 英寸 1 mm = 0.039 in
1 立方米/分钟= 35.315 立方英尺/分钟 1 m³/min = 35.315 cfm
1 毫巴= 0.401 英寸水柱 1 mbar = 0.401 in wc
1 牛顿=0.225 磅力 1 N = 0.225 lbf
1 牛顿.米 =0.738 磅力.英寸 1 Nm = 0.738 lbf. ft
华氏温度=摄氏温度 x1.8+32 t ℉= 32+ ( 1.8 x t ℃ )
摄氏温度=(华氏温度-32)÷1.8 t ℃ = ( t ℉- 32 ) / 1.8
76
志存高远持之以恒
浙江志高机械股份有限公司
ZHE JIANGZHI GAO NACHENERY CO,LTD
地址：浙江省衢州市衢江经济开发区百灵北路15号
服务电话：0570-3375622 3375599 3375666
传真：0570-3375621
邮编：324022
网址：www.zhigaojx.com
注：本公司对产品不断研究改进，拥有设计变更权，如有改动，恕不另行通知。

Zgyx423b操作手册 Ch En

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操 作 说 明 书

Read the instruction manual before operating this equipment.

This manual contains important safety information.

Zhigao declaration of limited responsibilities

-Use only Zhigao genuine or authorized parts.

This publication refers only to the mentioned product.

Read the instruction manual before operating this equipment.

This manual contains important safety information.

© Copyright, Zhigao Machinery. All rights reversed.

1. 钻机简介 Introduction ....................................................................................................................3

在发动机转速为1650RPM的情况下，动力回转头提供960 Nm的转矩。最大可达1750 kg的钻杆提

1.1 ZGYX423B 钻机基本参数 ZGYX423B Drill rig basic specifications

柴油发动机 Diesel Engine

型号 Model YC6J220-T300 转速 RPM 1,650 rpm

额定功率 Rated Power 162 kW

螺杆空压机 Screw air compressor

制造厂 Maker 志高 Zhigao 排风量 F. A. D 13m3 / min

功能参数 Functional parameters

孔深 Hole depth 24,000 mm 回转速度 Rotary speed 0 - 120 r / min

钻杆直径 Rod diameter 68 mm, 回转扭矩 Rotary torque 2,250 Nm

单直臂 Single 油缸钢丝绳方式

重量及尺寸 Weight and dimensions

总宽度 Overall width 2,360 mm 高度 Height 3,000 mm

总长度 Overall length 9,000 mm 重量 Weight 11,000 kg

长度 Length 9,000 mm 高度 Height 3,000 mm

2.钻臂作业覆盖范围 Boom coverage

1.2 适用范围 Application scopes

1.3 推荐的工作条件 Recommended working conditions

• 最高海拔高度Max. altitude：................ 3000米 M

1.4 钻机部件Main components

1 .回转头 Rotary head 1. 齿轮箱 Gear case

2. 推进梁 Feed beam 1. 推进梁 Feed beam

1. 大臂底座 Boom attachment

中部 Middle 1. 驾驶室 Cab

1. 驾驶室 Cab 2. 操纵柄

2. 履带 Track 1. 履带总成Track assembly

1. 液压油箱 Hydraulic oil tank

后部 Rear 1. 动力站 Power pack

1. 动力站 Power pack 1. 发动机 Diesel engine

2. 油气筒 Separator tank 1. 油气筒Separator tank

3. 集尘系统 Dust collecting system 1. 集尘器 Dust collector

4. 散热器组件 Radiator set 1. 散热器Radiator

2. 安全条例 Safety regulations

2.2. 使用和保养中的主要安全防范 Main safety precautions of operation and

有些细微粉尘肉眼看不见，但如果被操作手吸入会造成严重的人身伤害。Some finer dust is

2.3.1. 防尘保护 Dust protection

— 始终保持驾驶室门关闭。Always keep the cab door closed.

2.3.2. 集尘系统 Dust collecting system

— 扑尘罩和除尘胶管状态良好。Suction hood and suction pipe are in good conditions.

— 吸尘管状态良好，连接老固。Suction pipes are in good conditions and firmly connected.

2.4. 警告标牌及其位置Warning signs and locations

2.5. 倾斜角度Angle of inclination

2.5.1. 行走和驻车时 Tramming and parking

不准超出限定的角度范围。Never exceed the angle range limits.

爬坡角度 Gradient 侧倾角度 Tilt angle

2.5.2. 钻孔作业时 In drilling

钻机翻转会造成严重的人身伤害。在工作时不要超过限定倾斜角。Rig rollover can

2.6. 钻机使用中禁止的操作方式和工作条件 Prohibited operations and working

• 操作人员未经正式培训 Operators not properly trained

• 钻机在地下有空穴的地方作业The rock drill working in places with caves

2.7. 噪音度和噪音辐射 Noise level and Noise radiation

• 驾驶室噪音分贝值Noise level in the cab：..............................................80分贝 dB（A）

2.8. 灭火器的存放位置和使用方法 Location and use of fire extinguisher

遇到火情时：In case of fire

操作说明书