TYPES OF TEXTS

Compiled by: Julien Kunto (070210401089) Faiz Soetomo-Warsidi (070210401092)

ENGLISH EDUCATION DEPARTMENT FACULTY OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION PROGRAM UNIVERSITY OF JEMBER 2009

V IS I T IN G BA L I ( R E C OUN T T E X T)

There were so many places to see in Bali that my friend decided to join the tours to see as much as possible. My friend stayed in Kuta on
Orientation

arrival. He spent the first three days swimming and surfing on Kuta beach. He visited some tour agents and selected two tours. The first one was to Singaraja, the second was to Ubud. On the day of the tour, he was ready. My friend and his group drove on through mountains. Singaraja is a city of about 90 thousands people. It is a busy but quiet town. The streets are lined with trees and there are many old Dutch houses. Then they returned very late in the evening to Kuta. The second tour to Ubud was a very different tour. It was not to see the scenery but to see the art and the craft of the island. The first stop was at Batubulan, a center of stone sculpture. There my friend watched young boys were carving away at big blocks of stone. The next stop was Celuk, a center for silversmiths and goldensmiths. After that he stopped a little while for lunch at Sukawati and on to mass. Mass is a tourist center. My friend ten-day-stay ended very quickly beside his two tours, all

Event

Event

Reorientation

his day was spent on the beach. He went sailing or surfboarding every day. He was quiet satisfied.

THE LEGEND OF KARIMUNJAVA ISLAND (NARRATIVE TEXT) Once upon a time in Muria Mountain, there lived the family of Sunan Muria. Amir Hasan or called as Sunan Nyamplungan is the son of
Orientation

Sunan Muria. He was very spoiled by his mother. Because of that, he became a naughty boy. Then his father, Sunan Muria asked him to study in kudus. He studied Islamic religion to his uncle, Sunan Kudus. After some time, he became an obedient young man. Sunan Muria was very proud of him. One day, Sunan Muria asked Amir Hasan to go to somewhere to spread Islamic religion. His father asked him to go to an island that could be seen from Muria Mountain. it was on the west - north of Jepara. This island seemed to be fade (kremun-kremun in Javanese). And from that time, people called the island as Karimunjava Island. Amir Hasan followed by his mate went to Karimunjava Island. They sailed to the island day and night and finally they reached the island. Then they did what his father said. Amir Hasan and his people lived in the island ever after.

Complicati on

Resolution

JA T I M PA R K (D E S C RI PT I V E T E X T ) For people in East Java, Jatim Park may have been heard many times
Identification

as it is one of the famous tourism objects in East Java province. Jatim Park offers a recreation place as well as a study center. Jatim Park is located at Jl. Kartika 2 Batu, East Java. To reach the location is not too difficult because the object is only 2, 5 kilos meters from Batu city. This Jatim Park tourism object is about 22 hectares width. Visitor can enjoy at least 36 kinds of facilities which can attract them as well as give new knowledge. Just after the pass gate, the visitors will find an interesting view of Galeri Nusantara area. This study offering continues to step on Taman Sejarah area, which contains of miniature temple in East Java like Sumberawan temple, customhouse of Kiai Hasan Besari Ponorogo

Description

and Sumberawan Statue. The other facility which is able to be enjoyed is Agro Park area. It presents crop and rareness fruits, animal diorama which consists of unique animals that have been conserved, and supporting games like bowling, throw ball, scooter disco, etc. Jatim Park is suitable for family and school recreation. The recreation area sites offer precious tour and can used as alternative media of study

THE

PROBLEM

OF

BEING

TOO

FAT

(ANALYTICAL

EXPOSITION TEXT)
Thesis Position

Being too fat is commonly known as overweight or obesity. It is simply defined as too much body fat inside. Overweight potentially leads high risk of health problem. Being too fat is recognized as a major factor for heart disease. Due to the overweight, the heart will work harder. It can lead to the heart attack. Furthermore, obesity potentially raises blood cholesterol and blood pressure. In addition, being too fat can change the amount of sugar in the blood. This

Arguments

will cause diabetes and other serous disease. Beside all of that, being too fat is often avoided by many young women. They said that becoming too fat will bother their physical beauty appearance. More serious studies is necessary to see the effect of obesity.

Reiteration

However it is clear enough that overweight is not good enough for healthy life.

N E V ER TEXT)

TRY

S MOKI N G

(HOR T A T OR Y

EX POS I T I ON

A lot of people, especially teenagers, who do not smoke, always want to try smoking. They know it is bad for them and all, but it is just
Thesis

something they want to try. So they ask one of their smoker friends for a cigarette. Admittedly, they firstly can not light it on their own so they ask his friend to do it. Then they inhale that cigarette and smoke occasionally. Apparently that makes them the born smokers. Now they do smoke fairly regularly. They can not avoid smoking and they enjoy too. They have smoker friends. Everyday they bring a pack in their pocket. For them, a pack of cigarette is as important as a wallet for their money. Suddenly, for certain reason, they realize the fact that tobacco is the

Argument I

Argument II

cause of a long list of nasty diseases. It is not only heart disease, stroke, and chronic lung disease but also bladder, lung, and pancreatic cancer. Even it was reported that around 400,000 Americans died each year. It was one every 80 seconds from tobacco-related illnesses. Then they decide it is stupid to harm selves. They want to quit smoking. Unfortunately, they find that quitting smoking is so difficult. Why can't I stop smoking? I really want to stop it. It is hard to quit

Argument III

because nicotine is powerfully addictive. Cigarette is one of the most efficient drug-delivery devices ever devised. As result, when people try to quit smoking, they often experience classic nicotine withdrawal symptoms such as anxiety, irritability, headache, depression, and restlessness.

Recommend ation

Well, still want to try smoke? Think the facts before trying! If you are not smoker, you should never and never try to smoke.

MA KI N G KI T E (PR OC E D UR E T E X T )
Goal

Having a kite flying is interesting and make it by self is easy. Prepare the following materials to make a kite: Butcher cord Scotch tape or glue

Materials

1 Sheet of strong paper 2 Strong, straight wooden sticks of bamboo Markers paint or crayons After the materials have been prepared, the directions bellow is easy instruction on how to make a kite: 1. 2. 3. Make a cross with the two sticks, with the shorter stick placed Tie the two sticks together with the string in such a way as to make Cut a notch at each end of the sticks. Make it deep enough for the type horizontally across the longer stick. sure that they are at right angles to each other.

Steps

of string you are using to fit in to. Cut a piece of string long enough to stretch all around the kite frame. 4. Lay the sail material flat and place the stick frame face down on top. Cut around it, leaving about 2-3cm for a margin. Fold these edges over and glue it down so that the material is tight. 5. 6. Make a tail by tying a small ribbon roughly every 10cm along the Decorate your kite with the markers! length of string.

B L E S SI N G B E HI N D TR A GE D Y (A N E CD OT E T EX T) There was a black family in Scotland years ago. They were Clark family with nine children. They had a dream to go to America. The family
Orientation

worked and saved. They were making plan to travel with their children to America. It had taken several years but finally they had saved enough money. They had gotten passport. They had booked seats for the whole family member in a new liner to America. The entire family was full of anticipation and excitement with their new life in America. However few days before their departure, the youngest son was bitten by a dog. The doctor sewed up the boy. Because of the possibility of getting rabies, there were being quarantined for long days. They were in quarantine when the departure time came. The family dreams were dashed. They could not make the trip to America as they had planned. The father was full of disappointed and anger. He stomped the dock to watch the ship leaved without him and his family. He shed tears of disappointment. He cursed both his son and God for the misfortune.

Crisis

Incident

Five days latter, the tragic news spread throughout Scotland. The ship, the mighty Titanic, had shank. It took hundreds of passenger and crew with it. Titanic which had been called the unsinkable ship had sunk. It was unbelievable but it was. The Clark family should have been on that ship, but because of the bitten son by a dog, they were left behind. When the father heard the news,

Coda

he hugged the son and thanked him for saving the family. He thanked God for saving their lives. It was a blessing behind a tragedy. (Adapted from Look Ahead 2)

GOOD T RA N S LA T I ON (R E VI E W T E X T ) Translation is transferring not only words by word but also message
Orientation

to message. In certain case, it will be quite difficult to make translation. How is to make good Arabic translation from English phrase of as white as snow meanwhile there is no snow in Arabian? The basic requirement of a good translator is mastering resource and

Intrepretati ve Recount

target language with all non-linguistic aspect. If he is an English translator and wants to make Hindi translation, he should understand well the language and aspect of India. Similarly, if he works with Farsi translation, he has to be familiar with linguistics and non-linguistics of Farsian. However, translation providers can bridge that difficulty. The

Summation

translation experts, such as India translation will help to fix the problem. The experts who have grammatical, lexical, sociolinguistics specialization will match in transferring the message from one language to another language.

KOMODO DRAGON (RE POR T T EX T )

General Classificati on

Do you know what the largest lizard is? This lizard is called komodo. It lives in the scrub and woodland of a few Indonesian islands. Komodo dragon is the world's heaviest lizard, weighing 150 pounds or more. The largest Komodo ever measured was more than 10 feet (3 meters) long and weighed 366 pounds (166 kg) but the average size of komodo in the wild is about 8 feet (2.5 meters) long and 200 pounds (91 kg). Komodo has gray scaly skin, a pointed snout, powerful limbs and a muscular tail. They use their keen sense of smell to locate decaying animal remains from several miles away. They also hunt other lizards as well as

Descripti on

large mammals and are sometimes cannibalistic. The Komodo dragon's teeth are almost completely covered by its gums. When it feeds, the gums bleed, creating an ideal culture for virulent bacteria. The bacteria that live in the Komodo dragon's saliva causes septicemia, or blood poisoning, in its victims. A dragon will bite its prey, and then follow it until the animal is too weak to carry on. This lizard species is threatened by hunting, loss of prey species and habitat loss.

THE ADVANTAGE AND DISADVANTAGE OF NUCLEAR POWER (DISCUSSION TEXT) Nuclear power is generated by using uranium which is a metal mined in
Issue

various part of the world. The first large scale of nuclear power station was opened at Calder Hall in Cambria, England in 1956. Some military ships and submarines have nuclear power plant for engine. Nuclear power produces around 11% of the world's energy needed, and produces huge amounts of energy. It causes no pollution as we would get when burning fossil fuels. The advantages of nuclear plant are as follow:

Argum ents For

It costs about the same coal, so it is not expansive to make. It does not produce smoke or carbon dioxide, so it does not contribute It produces huge amounts of energy from small amount of uranium. It produces small amount of waste. It is reliable. On the other hand, nuclear power is very, very dangerous. It must be

to the greenhouse effect.

Arguments Against

sealed up and buried for many years to allow the radioactivity to die away. Furthermore, although it is reliable, a lot of money has to be spent on safety because if it does go wrong, a nuclear accident can be a major accident. People are increasingly concerned about this matter. In the 1990's

Conclusion

nuclear power was the fastest growing source of power in many parts of the world.

L OV I N G MON E Y T OO MU C H (S POOF T EX T )

There was a man who liked money very much. He worked all of his
Orientation

life and wanted to save all of his money for his own future. He was a real miser when it came to his money. He loved money more than just about anything. Even, just before he died, he said to his wife; "Now listen, when I die, I want you to take all my money and place it in the casket with me. I

Event I

wanna take my money to the afterlife." So he asked his wife to promise him with all her heart that when he died, she would put all the money in the casket with him. Well, one day, he really died. Then he was stretched out in the casket. The wife was sitting there in black clothes next to her closest friend. When they finished the ceremony, just before the undertakers got ready to close the casket, the wife said "Wait just a minute!" She had a box in her hands. She came over with the box and placed it in the casket. After that the undertakers locked the casket down and rolled it away. Not long after that, her friend said, "I hope you were not crazy enough to put all that money in the casket." The wife turned to her friend and replied; "Yes, because I have promised." Then she continued; "I can't lie. I promised him that I was going to put that money in that casket with him." Feeling shocked, her friend said; "You mean that you have put every cent of his money in the casket with him?" Then the wife answered; "Surely I did. I got it all together, put all the money into my account and I just wrote him a check."

Event II

Event III

Twist

INDONESIAN MIGRANT WORKER DIES IN MALAYSIA (NEWS ITEM TEXT) An Indonesian migrant worker Munti Binti Bani has died on Monday
Main Event

after being hospitalized for several days due to alleged torture by her employees in Selangor, Malaysia. Antara state news agency has reported that Munti had been treated at Tengku Ampuan Rahimah hospital since last Tuesday and died on Monday at 10 a.m, local time. Munti was found unconscious with her hands and feet were tied in a bathroom in Taman Sentosa housing complex last Tuesday. She was suffering from major wounds on her body and had apparently been beaten with iron.

Background Event

Munti's body will be sent tomorrow to her hometown in Pondok Jeruk Barat village of Jombang, East Java after undergoing autopsy at the hospital. We express our deep condolences as there is yet another worker who was tortured and passed away at the hospital, Indonesia's Ambassador for Malaysia, Da'i Bachtiar said in Kuala Lumpur on Monday. The Embassy will arrange for all compensation, including insurance, she deserves to receive, Da'i said. He added that Munti's employees Vanitha and Murugan had been

Sources

detained and were undergoing questioning at the local police office. We hope the police can uphold justice and punish them should they be proven to be involved in the case, he said.

TSUNAMI (EX PL A N A TI ON T E X T ) The term of tsunami comes from the Japanese, which means
General Statement

harbor (tsu), and wave ("nami"). A tsunami is a series of waves generated when water in a lake or a sea is rapidly displaced on a massive scale. A tsunami can be generated when the sea floor abruptly deforms and vertically displaces the overlying water. Such large vertical movements of the earth's crust can occur at plate boundaries.

Explanati on: Show the Process

Subductions of earthquakes are particularly effective in generating tsunami, and occur where denser oceanic plates slip under continental plates. As the displaced water mass moves under the influence of gravity to regain its equilibrium, it radiates across the ocean like ripples on a pond. Tsunami always brings great damage. Most of the damage is caused

Closing

by the huge mass of water behind the initial wave front, as the height of the sea keeps rising fast and floods powerfully into the coastal area.