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STS10 - Lesson 3.1 - ST in The Philippines
STS10 - Lesson 3.1 - ST in The Philippines
Science Objective
&Technology
(S&T) in the
Philippines ❑ To trace the history of
S&T in the Philippines
(the economic, political and
social events shaping their
developments)
The Early Years
(Spanish Period, 1869-1898)
Rodriguez, S. Philippine Science and Technology: Economic, Political, and Social Events shaping their Developments.
Giraffe Books. Quezon City, Philippines. 1996.
The Early Years
(Spanish Period, 1869-1898)
Rodriguez, S. Philippine Science and Technology: Economic, Political, and Social Events shaping their Developments.
Giraffe Books. Quezon City, Philippines. 1996.
The Early Years
(Spanish Period, 1869-1898)
Galleon trade was the chief economic activity
➢ Spanish officials focused more on the trade due to
big profits
➢ Agriculture and industrial development were
neglected
Rodriguez, S. Philippine Science and Technology: Economic, Political, and Social Events shaping their Developments.
Giraffe Books. Quezon City, Philippines. 1996.
The Early Years
(American Occupation, 1898-1941)
Rodriguez, S. Philippine Science and Technology: Economic, Political, and Social Events shaping their Developments.
Giraffe Books. Quezon City, Philippines. 1996.
The Early Years
(American Occupation, 1898-1941)
Philippine public school system was established in
1901
➢ 765 Thomasites were recruited
Rodriguez, S. Philippine Science and Technology: Economic, Political, and Social Events shaping their Developments.
Giraffe Books. Quezon City, Philippines. 1996.
The Early Years
(American Occupation, 1898-1941)
Rodriguez, S. Philippine Science and Technology: Economic, Political, and Social Events shaping their Developments.
Giraffe Books. Quezon City, Philippines. 1996.
The Early Years
(American Occupation, 1898-1941)
Rodriguez, S. Philippine Science and Technology: Economic, Political, and Social Events shaping their Developments.
Giraffe Books. Quezon City, Philippines. 1996.
The Early Years
(American Occupation, 1898-1941)
Rodriguez, S. Philippine Science and Technology: Economic, Political, and Social Events shaping their Developments.
Giraffe Books. Quezon City, Philippines. 1996.
The Early Years
(American Occupation, 1898-1941)
Rodriguez, S. Philippine Science and Technology: Economic, Political, and Social Events shaping their Developments.
Giraffe Books. Quezon City, Philippines. 1996.
The Early Years
(American Occupation, 1898-1941)
Jones Law (The Philippine Autonomy Act)
replaced the Philippine Commission with the
House of Representatives, wholly composed of
Filipinos
➢ Downtrend of the Bureau of Science began (transferred
to the Department of Agriculture and Natural Resources
(DANR)
➢ Shift of emphasis from health and sanitation to the study
of the country’s natural resources
➢ Growth of science slowed down (decrease number of
articles in PJS and poor quality)
Rodriguez, S. Philippine Science and Technology: Economic, Political, and Social Events shaping their Developments.
Giraffe Books. Quezon City, Philippines. 1996.
The Early Years
(American Occupation, 1898-1941)
Bureau of Science had new functions
➢ Regulation, analysis, and branding of
commercial fertilizer
➢ Control, checking, advertising, labeling or
branding of any business and commercial
commodities
The world recession in the 1930s caused
further losses to the bureau, which resulted to
retrenchment, loss of several divisions,
reduced budget, and brain drain
Rodriguez, S. Philippine Science and Technology: Economic, Political, and Social Events shaping their Developments.
Giraffe Books. Quezon City, Philippines. 1996.
The Early Years
(American Occupation, 1898-1941)
Rodriguez, S. Philippine Science and Technology: Economic, Political, and Social Events shaping their Developments.
Giraffe Books. Quezon City, Philippines. 1996.
The Bureau of Science
Main thrust during the early years was on
public health and nutrition
➢ Due to outbreak of cholera, small pox,
dysentery, malaria, TB, and leprosy before 1900
➢ Also did research on uses of agricultural products
• medicinal plants by Edwardo Quisumbing
• isolation and elucidation of natural products by Alfredo
Santos
• essential oils used as food flavors and fragrances by Luz
Olivares Belardo
• coconut as renewable source of fuel by Julius Banzon
Rodriguez, S. Philippine Science and Technology: Economic, Political, and Social Events shaping their Developments.
Giraffe Books. Quezon City, Philippines. 1996.
The College of Agriculture
Focused efforts on improving the breed of
basic crops, livestock and poultry
➢ Varietal introduction, evaluation and
inheritance in rice, corn, sugar cane,
coconut, abaca, and tobacco
➢ Improving the breed, feed ration, and the
quality of meat and eggs (Dr. Francisco
Fronda, Father of the Poultry Industry in the
Philippines, wrote 500 scientific articles
during his lifetime)
Rodriguez, S. Philippine Science and Technology: Economic, Political, and Social Events shaping their Developments.
Giraffe Books. Quezon City, Philippines. 1996.
The Early Years
(The War Years, 1941-1945)
Rodriguez, S. Philippine Science and Technology: Economic, Political, and Social Events shaping their Developments.
Giraffe Books. Quezon City, Philippines. 1996.
Post-War Philippine S&T
(The Quirino Administration, 1948-1953)
Rodriguez, S. Philippine Science and Technology: Economic, Political, and Social Events shaping their Developments.
Giraffe Books. Quezon City, Philippines. 1996.
Post-War Philippine S&T
(The Quirino Administration, 1948-1953)
Rodriguez, S. Philippine Science and Technology: Economic, Political, and Social Events shaping their Developments.
Giraffe Books. Quezon City, Philippines. 1996.
Post-War Philippine S&T
(The Magsaysay Administration,
1953-1957)
Rodriguez, S. Philippine Science and Technology: Economic, Political, and Social Events shaping their Developments.
Giraffe Books. Quezon City, Philippines. 1996.
Post-War Philippine S&T
(The Macapagal Administration, 1961-1965)
Rodriguez, S. Philippine Science and Technology: Economic, Political, and Social Events shaping their Developments.
Giraffe Books. Quezon City, Philippines. 1996.
Post-War Philippine S&T
(The Macapagal Administration, 1961-1965)
Rodriguez, S. Philippine Science and Technology: Economic, Political, and Social Events shaping their Developments.
Giraffe Books. Quezon City, Philippines. 1996.
Science Education in the
Philippines
Serafica et al. Science, Technology, and Society. Rex Bookstore. Manila, Philippines. 2018
Indigenous S&T in the Philippines
Serafica et al. Science, Technology, and Society. Rex Bookstore. Manila, Philippines. 2018
The Marcos Era
(Martial Law Years, 1972-1982)
President Marcos created Proclamation 1081
placing the entire Philippines under Martial Law
➢ He made himself head of the National Economic
Development Authority (NEDA)
➢ Reorganized many government agencies (NSDB, NIST,
DANR)
➢ Created Philippine Council for Agricultural Research
(PCAR), which later became PCARR, Philippine Root
Crop Research and Training Center, Philippine Tobacco
Research and Training Center, Institute of Plant
Breeding, BIOTECH, CLSU Cotton Research and
Development Institute, National Academy of Science
and Technology and Filipino Inventors Society, Inc.
Rodriguez, S. Philippine Science and Technology: Economic, Political, and Social Events shaping their Developments.
Giraffe Books. Quezon City, Philippines. 1996.
The Marcos Era
(After Martial Law, 1981-1985)
Rodriguez, S. Philippine Science and Technology: Economic, Political, and Social Events shaping their Developments.
Giraffe Books. Quezon City, Philippines. 1996.
The Marcos Era
(After Martial Law, 1981-1985)
Rodriguez, S. Philippine Science and Technology: Economic, Political, and Social Events shaping their Developments.
Giraffe Books. Quezon City, Philippines. 1996.
Post EDSA revolution
(1986-present)
Rodriguez, S. Philippine Science and Technology: Economic, Political, and Social Events shaping their Developments.
Giraffe Books. Quezon City, Philippines. 1996.
Post EDSA revolution
(1986-present)