Dining-Philosophers Problem

• Philosophers spend their lives alternating thinking and eating

• Don’t interact with their neighbors, occasionally try to pick up 2 chopsticks
(one at a time) to eat from bowl
• Need both to eat, then release both when done
• In the case of 5 philosophers
• Shared data
• Bowl of rice (data set)
• Semaphore chopstick [5] initialized to 1
 Dining-Philosophers Problem Algorithm
The structure of Philosopher i:
do {
wait (chopstick[i] );
wait (chopStick[ (i + 1) % 5] );

// eat

signal (chopstick[i] );
signal (chopstick[ (i + 1) % 5] );

// think

} while (TRUE);
 Program
#include<stdio.h>
#include<pthread.h>
#include<semaphore.h>

# define EATINGTIME 1

/*function prototype for the thread function.*/

void * philosopher1();
void * philosopher2();
void * philosopher3();
void * philosopher4();
void * philosopher5();
/*global decalration of semaphore variables.*/
sem_t sem_1,sem_2,sem_3,sem_4,sem_5;
/*global variable to control the execution of main.*/
int end=0;
int main()
{
pthread_t t1,t2,t3,t4,t5;
pthread_attr_t at1;
pthread_attr_init(&at1);
pthread_attr_setdetachstate(&at1,PTHREAD_CREATE_DETACHED);
sem_init(&sem_1,0,1);
sem_init(&sem_2,0,1);
sem_init(&sem_3,0,1);
sem_init(&sem_4,0,1);
sem_init(&sem_5,0,1);

printf("\n threads are called......");

printf("\n\n\n\n\n\n");
printf("\n\n\t\tNO. OF PHILOSOPHERS :5");
printf("\n\n\t\tNO. OF FORKS(SPOONS):5\n\n");

pthread_create(&t1,&at1,philosopher1,NULL);
pthread_create(&t2,&at1,philosopher2,NULL);
pthread_create(&t3,&at1,philosopher3,NULL);
pthread_create(&t4,&at1,philosopher4,NULL);
pthread_create(&t5,&at1,philosopher5,NULL);
while(end!=5)
{
}
}
/*definition of philosopher1.*/

void * philosopher1()
{
int i=0;
printf("\n\t\tPHILOSOPHER-1 THINKING.\n");
while(i<EATINGTIME)
{
sleep(1);
/*waiting to acquire the forks.*/
sem_wait(&sem_1);
sem_wait(&sem_2);
printf("\n\t\t\t* PHILOSOPHER-1 EATING.*\n");
sleep(1);
/*releasing the forks*/
sem_post(&sem_1);
sem_post(&sem_2);
printf("\n\t\tPHILOSOPHER-1 THINKING.\n");
i++;
}
end++;
}
/*philosopher2.*/
void * philosopher2()
{
int i=0;
printf("\n\t\tPHILOSOPHER-2 THINKING.\n");
while(i<EATINGTIME)
{
sleep(1);
sem_wait(&sem_2);
sem_wait(&sem_3);
printf("\n\t\t\t* PHILOSOPHER-2 EATING.*\n");
sleep(1);
sem_post(&sem_2);
sem_post(&sem_3);
printf("\n\t\tPHILOSOPHER-2 THINKING.\n");
i++;
}
end++;
}
/*philosopher 3*/

void * philosopher3()
{
int i=0;
printf("\n\t\tPHILOSOPHER-3 THINKING.\n");
while(i<EATINGTIME)
{
sleep(1);
sem_wait(&sem_3);
sem_wait(&sem_4);
printf("\n\t\t\t* PHILOSOPHER-3 EATING.*\n");
sleep(1);
sem_post(&sem_3);
sem_post(&sem_4);
printf("\n\t\tPHILOSOPHER-3 THINKING.\n");
i++;
}
end++;
}
/*philosopher 4.*/

void * philosopher4()
{
int i=0;
printf("\n\t\tPHILOSOPHER-4 THINKING.\n");
while(i<EATINGTIME)
{
sleep(1);
sem_wait(&sem_4);
sem_wait(&sem_5);
printf("\n\t\t\t* PHILOSOPHER-4 EATING.*\n");
sleep(1);
sem_post(&sem_4);
sem_post(&sem_5);
printf("\n\t\tPHILOSOPHER-4 THINKING.\n");
i++;
}
end++;
}
/*philosopher 5.*/

void * philosopher5()
{
int i=0;
printf("\n\t\tPHILOSOPHER-5 THINKING.\n");
while(i<EATINGTIME)
{
sleep(1);
sem_wait(&sem_5);
sem_wait(&sem_1);
printf("\n\t\t\t* PHILOSOPHER-5 EATING.*\n");
sleep(1);
sem_post(&sem_5);
sem_post(&sem_1);
printf("\n\t\tPHILOSOPHER-5 THINKING.\n");
i++;
}
end++;
}