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Procedia Computer Science 203 (2022) 667–672

The 3rd International Workshop of Innovation and Technologies (IWIT 2022)

The 3rd International Workshop
August of Innovation
9-11, 2022, and Technologies
Niagara Falls, Canada (IWIT 2022)
August 9-11, 2022, Niagara Falls, Canada
Occupational Safety and Health Management Systems
Occupational Safety and Health Management Systems
As AComponent Of Labor Productivity
As AComponent Of Labor Productivity
Camargo-Acuña Génesis,,**, Guzmán-Castillo Stefania, Payares-Jimenez Karen,
Camargo-Acuña Génesis
Garizabalo-Davila , Guzmán-Castillo
Claudia, Sukier HaroldStefania, Payares-Jimenez
B, Gómez-Charris Karen,
Yulineth
Garizabalo-Davila Claudia, Sukier Harold B, Gómez-Charris Yulineth

Universidad de la Costa CUC, Barranquilla. Colombia.

Universidad de la Costa CUC, Barranquilla. Colombia.

Abstract
Abstract
The Occupational Health and Safety Management System (SG-SST) encompasses a discipline that aims to improve working
The Occupational
conditions and theHealth
work and Safety Management
environment, which leads System
to the(SG-SST)
inclusionencompasses a discipline
of policy, planning, that aimsimprovement
evaluation, to improve working
actions
conditions the work of
continuous and promotion environment,
the maintenancewhichof leads to the inclusion
the physical, mental, and ofsocial
policy, planning,of evaluation,
well-being the employeesimprovement actions
in the workspaces.
continuous
Therefore, and promotionofof the
the objective the maintenance of the physical,
article is to analyze mental, andsafety
the occupational socialand
well-being of the employees
health management in the
system workspaces.
(SGSST) as a
Therefore,
component the objective
of labor of the article
productivity of smallis to
andanalyze the occupational
medium-sized enterprisessafety and exporters
(SMEs), health management system (SGSST)
of the metal-mechanic sectorasofa
component of labor productivity
Barranquilla-Colombia. of small and
Methodologically, it ismedium-sized
developed under enterprises (SMEs), paradigm,
the quantitative exporters of the metal-mechanic
non-experimental sector
design, of
cross-
Barranquilla-Colombia.
sectional and descriptiveMethodologically,
scope. The resultsitdetermine
is developed thatunder thetype
in this quantitative paradigm,
of companies non-experimental
the SGSST design,
are developed cross-
from the
sectional and
conception of descriptive scope. The
security programs. Theresults
degreedetermine
of commitmentthat inofthis
thetype of companies
strategic direction inthepromoting
SGSST are the developed from
effectiveness of the
conception
programs isofevident,
securitybut
programs. The degree
it is necessary of commitment
to consolidate processesof the
for strategic direction
the adoption in promoting
and awareness the effectiveness
of these, of the
by the employees
programs
promotingislabor
evident, but it is It
productivity. necessary to consolidate
is recommended processes for of
the implementation thestrategies
adoptionthat
andguarantee
awarenesscompliance
of these, by thethe
with employees
SGSST,
promoting
generating labor
a highproductivity. It is recommended
impact on productivity processes. the implementation of strategies that guarantee compliance with the SGSST,
generating a high impact on productivity processes.
© 2021 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.
©©2022
2021The
The Authors.
Authors.Published
Published bybyElsevier
Elsevier B.V.
B.V.
This is is
This anan open
open access
access article
article under
under thethe
CCCC BY-NC-ND
BY-NC-ND license
license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-
(https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0)
This is an
nc-nd/4.0/) open access
Peer-review article
under under the CC
responsibility BY-NC-ND
of the licenseProgram
Conference (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-
Chairs.
Peer-review under responsibility of the Conference Program Chairs.
nc-nd/4.0/) Peer-review under responsibility of the Conference Program Chairs.
Keywords: Productivity, strategic management, strategies, Small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs)
Keywords: Productivity, strategic management, strategies, Small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs)

*
Corresponding author. Tel.
*
Corresponding
E-mail address:author. Tel.
gcamargo2@cuc.edu.co
E-mail address: gcamargo2@cuc.edu.co
1877-0509 © 2022 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.
1877-0509
This © 2022
is an open Thearticle
access Authors. Published
under by Elsevier B.V.
the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)
This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license
Peer-review under responsibility of the Conference Program (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)
Chairs.
Peer-review under responsibility of the Conference Program Chairs.

1877-0509 © 2022 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.

This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0)
Peer-review under responsibility of the Conference Program Chairs.
10.1016/j.procs.2022.07.098
668 Camargo-Acuña Génesis et al. / Procedia Computer Science 203 (2022) 667–672
4 Author name / Procedia Computer Science 00 (2018) 000–000

1. Introduction

As one if its basic components that needs to be considered the occupational safety and health management
system(SGSST) is mentioned. Which effective implementation needs to be seen as part of the activities and
quality of the products, goods, and services that organizations generate. As a basic principle for the generation
of the present study, Small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) that export metal mechanic from the
Barranquilla- Atlántico Region, through which an important participation has been achieved in the economic
societies, especially in Colombia.
The positioning achieved by this sector has generated 90% of the jobs, where 18% is focused on small
businesses and a 9% in medium businesses [1]. From a Colombian context, SME´s, have been of great
importance in the development of the country representing 99.9% of the total companies in Colombia, close to
1.6 million business units,these organizations have contributed 38% of the total GDP, and generate 67% of the
workstations, 51.1% annually develop export activities of goods and services [2].
From the perspective of the increase participation of SME´s especially in the metal mechanic industry,
according to the Program of productive transformation (PTP) (2013), in Colombia these companies are in
Bogota (25.3%), Valle del Cauca (16.2%), Valle (12.4) and Atlántico (7.2)
Although the participation of this sector is important, there are still challenges that need to be to respond
effectively.One of the highlights is the need to counteract the that indisputably impact and generate risks within
companies of thesector.
In the article management systems of health and security in the workplace (SGSST) will be analyzed as a
component of labor productivity in Small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), exporting companies of the
metal-mechanic sector of Barranquilla-Colombia.

2. Strategic Integral dimension, the reason of Occupational Health and Safety SGSST Management
Systems.

Research and development of occupational health and safety management systems in the workplace should
be donethrough a logical process and continuous improvements. This can be done through the establishment
of politics, evaluation, audit, and improvement actions.
Some authors establish that [3], [4] organizations are ruled by the industry to which it is related and needs
to do the necessary to reach their effectivity and productivity key performance indexes; therefore, they organize,
integrate, direct,and control the resources to obtain maximum benefits. Because of this, [5]–[7] states that a
good strategy will contribute to the organization in all its aspects by achieving a positive impact in the
community.
For the effects of a mayor analysis about integral strategic dimensions that support effective development
of SGSST, the theoretical position of some authors has been considered [8]–[10] who attribute these dimensions
fromthe following perspective:
a) Prevention policy, the development instructions when issues are recognized.
b) Promote participation, encourage the integrate the workers in the decision process and provide support.
c) Training and promotion, strengthening of skills and abilities of workers through workshops and
classes.
d) Communication and transfer of information concerning the existing risks and their prevention
methods.
e) Planning of tasks in emergency or dangerous situations that may arise.
f) Control, continuously monitor activities to identify possible problems and propose solutions.

3. Indicators that promote labor productivity in organizations.

The thrive of a nation depends on the capability of its industries to have a high, consistent throughput. It’s
importantas an organization to make efficient use of resources to deliver their product and to be managed by
people whose objectives is to get the most out of these resources [11]–[13].
 Camargo-Acuña Génesis et al. / Procedia Computer Science 203 (2022) 667–672 669
Author name / Procedia Computer Science 00 (2018) 000–000 5

Labor productivity is important inside organizations as human resources relates directly to effectiveness,
efficiency,leadership, labor satisfaction, training, and development [14], [15]. Efficiency is a vital element as
it demonstrates the rightusage of the resources available by achieving the goal that was set [3],[16]. Effectivity
is defined as the capability for the accomplishment of objectives using minimal time, efforts, and material.
Leadership motivates the workers be productive and effective by promoting quality, productivity, and resource
management. The leader is responsible for decision making [17]. Satisfaction of an employee in relation to its
work motivates him and impacts in a positive wayproductivity or an organization [18], [19].
From the context of SGSST, these performance indexes influence in a direct way labor productivity, costs,
motivation and labor satisfaction, profitability and promotes a better corporate image.Methodological aspects.

The analysis of the occurrence of SGSST in labor productivity in SME´s of the metal mechanic sector, was
done through an investigation of analytical empirical approach, supported by statistical techniques of
dispersion and location, coefficient correlation r Pearson and determination index r² Pearson.
To collect primary information, a survey and Likert type questionnaire were used, which has a reliability index
of
0.76 over 39 statements. To identify and select the population, a database from the Barranquilla Chamber of
Commercewas used. 249 SMEs that belong to the metal mechanic sector were used.
It can be stated with a 95% degree of certitude that the necessary sample collection is 15 SMEs, who were
selected randomly [20] stated that indexes above 0.75 y -0.75 represent considerable correlations between
samples. On anotherstudy focused on the determination of the r² Pearson by Creswell (As stated by [20]), it
was stated that a range of 0.66to 0.85 was sufficient to predict the variable influence over another.

4. Results Analysis.

According to the objective to analyze SGSST as a component of labor productivity in Small and medium-
sized enterprises (SMEs) exporters of the metal mechanic sector in Barranquilla-Colombia, it was identified
as a way to contribute to the development of routine and habitual activities, as well as the added value that it
represents to this type of organization. As result, previous recollection of findings in the organizations that were
part of the object of study,were determined accorded to a result matrix the definition of strategies presented in
chart 1, in function of the principalperceptual values que represent a degree of applicability in the indicators
that reign the SGSST.
 670 Camargo-Acuña Génesis et al. / Procedia Computer Science 203 (2022) 667–672
6 Author name / Procedia Computer Science 00 (2018) 000–000

Qualitative Analysis Matrix

Dimensions of Result Strategies

SGSST (% Indicators
value of
applicability)

- Establish goals, objectives in the short medium and long run, performance plans, seeking the
integrity of
the operation, keeping the consistency of the objectives and organizational policies.
Prevention
- develop action plans in organizational health and safety: slips of reports of acts or unsafe
policy (4.57)
conditions.
- Elaborate a hygiene and security program aligned with the objectives
- Continuous improvement programs of the actions undertaken in security processes.
Efficiency, - Provide support from the SGSST coordination, for promotion, evaluation, and follow-up of
and each of the activities undertaken in terms of SST.
Promote - Assign accountable of strategic areas of the organization, as well as assign work groups and
Effectiveness
participation follow-up of action plans.
(4.52)
- incorporate strategies for development of regulatory surveillance, to comply with
normativity pf SGGST, as well as identifying the documentation and critical documents.
Promote -Create strategies and programs of SST specified to each area.
Promotion - Strengthen alliances with insurance agencies.
(4.33) - Coordinate the formal process of security and health risks.
- Establish mechanisms of active participation of workers in all phases of the SGSST.
- Achieve optimum integration, through collaborative and interdisciplinary work.
- Consider active participation of workers as a key element for success in the SST strategy.
-Study previous significant incidents and promote the exchange of experiences between
groups.
Communication
Leadership - Lead emergency attention.
and transfer
capability - Maintain the emergency plan updated, promote it and coordinate mock test.
(4.64)
- Lead periodical risks evaluations in your area and assure quality results.
- verify the implementation and effectiveness of the risk control measures in all destination
areas.
- Lead the process of the 5 S´s: order standard and cleanliness of the workplace.
- Lead progressive discipline processes to reinforce compliance of norms and procedures.
- Elaborate an action plan to increase the satisfaction of the area workers.
Planning of Labor - Monitor and assure the health in the workers through programs of epidemiologic
tasks (4.15) Satisfaction surveillance.
- Creation of recreation spaces for workers, such as labor welfare active pauses and health
workshops.
- Assure proper maintenance of healthy work environments.

Table 1. Result matrix oriented to the definition of strategies. Source: Authors

- Define training strategies according for the use of effective tools in accident prevention.
- Promote basic skills of the employees in the area of responsibility.
-Train the skills of the workers through drills, audits, and investigations of highly potential
incidents.
- Assist training of brigade trainings, promoting participation.
Development - Perform participation and decision making activities, achieving that workers get
Control (4.63)
and training involved in work developing the wellbeing of the organization.
- Improve skills that include training plans, the needs of training for the operation.
-Evaluate training plans according to profiles of each worker, the demands of the
surroundings, as well asthe proper usage of new technologies, guaranteeing the effectiveness
of the process.
-Offer side by side that allow identify the training needs taking into consideration the
dangers, risks and
accident analysis of the operations.
 Author name / Procedia Computer Science 00 (2018) 000–000 7
Camargo-Acuña Génesis et al. / Procedia Computer Science 203 (2022) 667–672 671

In function of the analysis about SGSST practices in SME´s considerable results were evidenced as a result of
acceptance and feasibility, which then comes to existence as a fundamental base to encourage in organizations SGSST
with a high acceptance degree, not only from management perspective but also from its workers.
Also, through organizations that are object of study these practices promote intrinsic organizational processes like
employee training, space and resources, teamwork, side by side, policy complying, worker motivation, personal
protection, risk conducts, personal protections, following of rules, which are considered as components that allow
SME´s metal mechanic exporters in the Department of Atlántico manage fundamental aspects of work security.
As part of the quantitative analysis, to value the systems of organizational health and safety in the workplace as a
component of labor productivity in SME´s of the metal mechanic sector, it was determined an impact of one variable
over another, since the quantitative focus it is proceeded with, he application of the coefficient correlation of the
Pearson method according to table 2.

Table 2. Pearson Coefficient Correlation. Source: Own Elaboration (2016) since data thrown by SPSS.

Coefficient correlation Pearson

Labor Productivity
SGSST

Pearson Correlation 0.184

Sig. (Bilateral) 0.05
N 15

The results allow to evidence that the determinant coefficient of Pearson r², throws an index of 5.33%, which
demonstrate that management systems in occupational safety generate a light incidence as a component of productivityon
SME´s exporters of the metal mechanic sector in the Atlantic Department. Without noticing, that the coefficient of
determination does not offer a significant prediction with regards to the behavior of these variables.
According to what’s exposed, according to [21]–[23]; Conrad (mentioned by [10]), present that there is a direct
relation between SGSST and the levels of productivity of organizations; however according to the result obtained
differ this hypothesis, every time the r coefficient of Pearson located in 0.184 throws as a result in context of the SME´s
exporters of the metal mechanic sector in the Atlántico department, the correlation between these two variables is almost
spurious, reason why it is inferred that there is no direct incidence between them.

5. Conclusions
As conclusive factors of the study based on the analysis of SGSST as a component of labor productivity, it is
important to state that from a global order the referred system has to be conceived as part of the processes that require
to be included in the framework of an organization policy that responds to some challenges to consolidate in the SME´s
sector. Likewise, it’s practical utility and of impact in the workers must come into existence as a part of the new
capacities that energize the effectiveness of organizational skills.
The adoption of SGSST, and its assertive effectiveness has to transcend in contexts where management standards
and indexes constitute in parameters that measure, not only in compromise with labor security, but also with related
sectors: social, environment and economic, where a small rate of events and accidents is reflected; as well as promote
a perception of security that facilitates the organizational field, which will promote in its workers terms related to
occupational safety, and they will promote training.
In general mode, related with training and development was evidenced a small practices, which is considered the
component denominated organizational culture plays an important and predominant roll that need to be projected more
than in the training and development of the human resource, to appropriate and strengthen the framework of
organizational values.
However, no empirical evidence exists that supports the impact of management systems of organizational safety in
the workplace in labor productivity of the SME´s of the metal mechanic sector of the Atlántico Department, with
respect to compliance of objectives related with the usage of resources and production means, strategic planning,
environment considerations and strengthening of the skills and individual capacity. Finally, it is suggested that the
worker not be valued as a productive being, but also as a fundamental factor in the development and compliance of
the organization objectives.
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8 Author name / Procedia Computer Science 00 (2018) 000–000

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