Solving Examples of

Linear Programming
Models

Chapter 4

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Chapter Topics

1. A Product Mix Example

2. A Diet Example
3. An Investment Example
4. A Marketing Example
5. A Transportation Example
6. A Blend Example
7. A Multiperiod Scheduling Example
8. A Data Envelopment Analysis Example

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4-2
A Product Mix Example

Quick-Screen is a clothing manufacturing company that

specializes in producing commemorative shirts
immediately following major sporting. The company has
been contracted to produce a standard set of shirts for the
winning team, either State University or Tech, following a
college football game. The items produced include two
sweatshirts, one with silk-screen printing on the front
and one with print on both sides, and two T-shirts of the
same configuration.

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A Product Mix Example

The company has to complete all production within 72

hours after the game, at which time a trailer truck will pick
up the shirts. The company will work around the clock.
The truck has enough capacity to accommodate 1,200
standard-size boxes. A standard size box holds 12 T-shirts,
and a box of 12 sweatshirts is three times the size of a
standard box. The company has budgeted $25,000 for the
production run. It has 500 dozen blank sweatshirts and T-
shirts each in stock, ready for production.

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A Product Mix Example
Problem Definition
Four-product T-shirt/sweatshirt manufacturing company.
■ Must complete production within 72 hours
■ Truck capacity = 1,200 standard sized boxes.
■ Standard size box holds12 T-shirts.
■ One-dozen sweatshirts box is three times size of standard box.
■ $25,000 available for a production run.
■ 500 dozen blank T-shirts and sweatshirts in stock.

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A Product Mix Example

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4-6
A Product Mix Example
Data
Resource requirements for the product mix example.
Processing Cost Profit
Time (hr) ($) ($)
Per dozen per dozen per dozen
Sweatshirt - F 0.10 $36 $90
Sweatshirt – B/F 0.25 48 125
T-shirt - F 0.08 25 45
T-shirt - B/F 0.21 35 65

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A Product Mix Example
Model Construction
Decision Variables:
x1 = sweatshirts, front printing
x2 = sweatshirts, back and front printing
x3 = T-shirts, front printing
x4 = T-shirts, back and front printing
Objective Function:
Maximize Z = $90x1 + $125x2 + $45x3 + $65x4
Model Constraints:
0.10x1 + 0.25x2+ 0.08x3 + 0.21x4  72 hr
3x1 + 3x2 + x3 + x4  1,200 boxes
$36x1 + $48x2 + $25x3 + $35x4  $25,000
x1 + x2  500 dozen sweatshirts
x3 + x4  500 dozen T-shirts
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A Diet Example

Breathtakers, a health and fitness center, operates a

morning fitness program for senior citizens. The
program includes aerobic exercise, either swimming or
step exercise, followed by a healthy breakfast in the
dining room. Breathtakers’ dietitian wants to develop a
breakfast that will be high in calories, calcium, protein,
and fiber, which are especially important to senior
citizens, but low in fat and cholesterol. She also wants to
minimize cost. She has selected the following possible
food items, whose individual nutrient contributions and
cost from which to develop a standard breakfast menu
are shown in the following table:
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A Diet Example
Data and Problem Definition
Breakfast Food Fat Cholesterol Iron Calcium Protein Fiber Cost
Cal (g) (mg) (mg) (mg) (g) (g) ($)
1. Bran cereal (cup) 90 0 0 6 20 3 5 0.18
2. Dry cereal (cup) 110 2 0 4 48 4 2 0.22
3. Oatmeal (cup) 100 2 0 2 12 5 3 0.10
4. Oat bran (cup) 90 2 0 3 8 6 4 0.12
5. Egg 75 5 270 1 30 7 0 0.10
6. Bacon (slice) 35 3 8 0 0 2 0 0.09
7. Orange 65 0 0 1 52 1 1 0.40
8. Milk-2% (cup) 100 4 12 0 250 9 0 0.16
9. Orange juice (cup) 120 0 0 0 3 1 0 0.50
10. Wheat toast (slice) 65 1 0 1 26 3 3 0.07

Breakfast to include at least 420 calories, 5 milligrams of iron,

400 milligrams of calcium, 20 grams of protein, 12 grams of
fiber, and must have no more than 20 grams of fat and 30
milligrams of cholesterol.
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A Diet Example
Model Construction – Decision Variables

x1 = cups of bran cereal

x2 = cups of dry cereal
x3 = cups of oatmeal
x4 = cups of oat bran
x5 = eggs
x6 = slices of bacon
x7 = oranges
x8 = cups of milk
x9 = cups of orange juice
x10 = slices of wheat toast
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A Diet Example
Model Summary
Minimize Z = 0.18x1 + 0.22x2 + 0.10x3 + 0.12x4 + 0.10x5 + 0.09x6
+ 0.40x7 + 0.16x8 + 0.50x9 + 0.07x10
subject to:
90x1 + 110x2 + 100x3 + 90x4 + 75x5 + 35x6 + 65x7
+ 100x8 + 120x9 + 65x10  420 calories
2x2 + 2x3 + 2x4 + 5x5 + 3x6 + 4x8 + x10  20 g fat
270x5 + 8x6 + 12x8  30 mg cholesterol
6x1 + 4x2 + 2x3 + 3x4+ x5 + x7 + x10  5 mg iron
20x1 + 48x2 + 12x3 + 8x4+ 30x5 + 52x7 + 250x8
+ 3x9 + 26x10  400 mg of calcium
3x1 + 4x2 + 5x3 + 6x4 + 7x5 + 2x6 + x7
+ 9x8+ x9 + 3x10  20 g protein
5x1 + 2x2 + 3x3 + 4x4+ x7 + 3x10  12
xi  0, for all j
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