15.

Probobility Distribution

Ex. (1). A rqndom voriqble X hqs the following probobility distribution :

P(X : x)
Find(i)k(ii)p(x<3)(iii)p(x>2)(iv)P(0<x<a)(v)P(2<x<5)
Solution : For o rqndom vorioble Xwehove fi=l
o,='
:. k+3k+ 5k+7k+9k+ llk+l3k:l
i.e.49k:13 k:L49

P(X : x)

(i) k: qs
(iD P(X < 3) : P(X : 0) + P(x :1) + P(X:2)
-49 49 49 49
(iii)P(x22):P(X:2)+P(X:3)+P(X:4)+P(X:5)+P(X:6)
(iv)P(0 < X < 4) : P(X: 1) + P(X : 2) + P(X : 3)
(v) P(2 < X <5) : P(X : 2) +P(X : 3) + P(X : 4) + P(X : 5)
s 7 9 ll 32
:49+ *+ 49* qg:49
Ex. (2). Colculqte the Expected volue ond vorionce of x if x denotes the
number obtoined on the uppermost fqce when o fqir die is thrown.
:
Solution : When o foir die is thrown, the somple spoce is ^S {1,2, 3, 4, 5, 6\ '
Let X denotes the number obtoined on the uppeflnost foce.
.'. Xcqn toke volues l, 2, 3, 4, 5', 6'
: : : :
P(X : l) : P(X : 2) : P(X : 3) : P(X 4) P(X 5) P(X 6)
:
I
6
The probobilitY distribution is

ffim'
Aurangabad)
'
Satish Jadhwar ( Sant Meera Jr' College'
 x.2 .D
rt
l

(i) Expected Volue : E(X) : i*,, p, =1= 3.5

(ii) Vorionce : V(n: E(X,) - lE(X)],

**i,0,-(2.,,0,)'
: T_a'=?_+
182-r47
_
t2
.'. Vqriqnce : V(X): :2.9767
i
Bx. (3). A discrete rondom voriqble Xtqkes the volues -1, 0 snd,2 with the
111
probobilities 4' 2' 4 respectively. Find Y($ ondstqndqrd Deviotion.
solution : Given thqt the rqndom vorioblextokes the volues -1, 0 snd2.
The corresponding probobilities qre
i,;,i
p(-l) : i,p(o): j p@:
ona
Given doto cqn be tobuloted qs follows
I

(i) Vorionce: V(X): E(X) - lE(X)],

I, 0ggl
Ex. @) The p. d. f. ofX, find p(X < 1) ond p(lxl< 1) where

f@)=!J2
l8
if-2<x<4
:0 otherwise.

Satish Jadhwar ( Sant Meera Jr. College, Aurangabad)

Solution : Given thot the p. d. f. ofXis
x+2
f@=;; ir -2 <x <4
:0 otherwise.
I

(i) P(x< 1): ! loa*

I

-t1..$.
-J d*
-z 18
I rt -dr-,t
: [' r..ztf] ....) dx
18 J-2'

r Ir..ztJ].1'l'
: G[ z- .1-,

r [(.xt]..)'l'
- 36 L
- -t
|

-l-,

: *t.g.-,,.r ='*: +:
-
....q.:.lt
(i) P(xl< 1) : P(-1< X < r)
: J-r
[' 1L+'l- dx
lg
: Il8 J-r'
[' (.x:tz)dr

r It*t]r'l'
- L 2-
l-l
18 .l ,

: :36 [t'x+'z'1']',1

36 5
: I - 'li...r:! =?=...9..' z2-'L2-
3615"
Ex. (5). A rondom vorioble Xhos the following probobility distribution :

x 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
t P(X : x\ 0 k 2k 2k 3k P 2P 7P+k
Find (i) k (ii) P(x < 3) (iii) P(x> 6) (iv) P(0 < x< 3) (v) P(2< x <4)
Solution: sinc ( ?(:t) i I I.y.tb."L:].'.h..i:.ri:lhJ.i :...:.k..1
.
-,
L P(x) >t
"'X--a
,, IIq) t f11) rPS}tll?)1111) :Il?.:|(:)I!o):
Kt+K
o+ l< +2K +2-K +3K {-Kz +z-Kz+-I = I

r; i."; s\i-i :o

Satish Jadhwar ( Sant Meera Jr. College, Aurangabad)

 ,oKt+r0K*K-l =-o
I cz K Cn +t1-r (rc+l)
=-o
.^.(1op-\) (k+r) : o

oT K=-\
'.= *
K=-\ iJ not PossiU.
i) l<* = l-
..........r.0..

;i) P ( ;t(3)=o+K+zK
=3K
?

ii\) ?(i7e)=;[2;)<
t..q.7' ...t.?
l-l
lo

Ex. (6). The p. m. f. of o rqndom vqriqblexis os follows

:

X:x 1 2 3 4
P(x) I 4 9 t6
30 30 30 30
Find Meqn qnd the Voriqnce.

Solution ....5.=.* 1... 2_ 3 q

? (^) I
lzo ,l;, q/zo te
lrn 'l=ol
........
{.r(x) l lto t6lyo iiL,; ";;il' '
/3
ly,
/3o '

rTsa.n ..=. E.c x.)..

=. # =...3.r.3.3.

Satish Jadhwar ( Sant Meera Jr. College, Aurangabad)

 Vat\once _ V(x) = zxlei * Lzxi Pr]

59 loo
= "'s;"- 9""'
'5'31'-'Soo
4g
3\
tl{

H<-r't c<- fi<-a 11 -- 3' 33

Ex. (7). From q survey of 20 fomilies in o society, the following doto wos
obtoined:
n
No. of children 0 1 2 J 4

No. of fomilies 5 11 2 0 2

For the rondom voriqble X: number of children in o rondomly

chosen fomily, Find E@ ond V(X).

Solution:

2_3
..';-...F..
Lb
2 l,l5

Satish Jadhwar ( Sant Meera Jr. College, Aurangabad)

 2'
V()t) =- E x,3 fi lZx; P;]
/IID fli

V(r() = 1,2-21 q
Ex. (8). Find the c.d.f. F(n ossocioted with the following p.d.fle)r
J@)
: l2x2(l - x) for 0 < x < I
:0 otherwise.
rl
Also, find P (; . ,K. 2 ) bV using p.d.f qnd c.d.f.

i'f,*>dx
F?)_ i{r^>dx I - tc
'5 8t
8' )z3c
," " " '...1..
x,.l-29
.E{t). 6 , yo\3
=..

3.
F (x) = trx3 - Zx\ _I
No,r ? (* <x < *) vs in5 e.df.
l/z
=
ltz
S t.z.>t?.Ct.-x).d.*

[* *t- J;
=';4 ....13
Jlt
C'
z_JCI
.'f.E {i

=f+ t|;1=:
(llJ -[e(]J.;(,il
FC"rt) '='' '6 'r ' Z-A' !'3' '

=[* ^*:J*L* = *]
Sign of Teocher :

Satish Jadhwar ( Sant Meera Jr. College, Aurangabad)