ee ar “METALS” PREPARED BY: HUSANA, THESSALY AUBREY S SECTION A / WEDNESDAY 8:30-1:30 SUSMITTEO to: AR. RENZ KENNETH TAgLeA. TYPES OF METALS ) AWMINUM, + GORT, Nou MAGNETIC ciLvEIeT METAL CHARACTERIZED €Y MS UGHNIEGHT I/O THAT oF (RON, PRASS, on corte). Low MELTING PONT 2 HGH THEeWAL AND ELEcKecAL conbuCTIUITT © MODERATELY HIGH cobre\CimT oF ExPAaiSION 7 IS EASILY WORKED ' CAN BF HoT O COD RDLLED, FXTRUCED, FORCED, FRESSED, CRAWN, MOLOBD, STAMPED, RENT aN GHAPED. 4A. TYPES OF AUIMINUM @) CORRUGATED ALUANUM <7 A RIGIOED SHEET TARR! CATED OF SPECIAL ALUMINUM ALLOYS SPECITICALZT, DEVELOPED FO THS PURPOSE, CONSIETS OF ALUMINWIMA COKE OF CHE TYPE CLAD Witt ANOTHER |KIGHLT CCEZOSEN - REGSTANT ALUMINUM FECFING AND: UDINg b) STRUCTURAL ALUMINUM > ALIWINUM GAN BE FXTEUICED, THECErORE A STEUCIIKAL GHAPE can) EE FEOCUCEO ECOND MICAULS’ To MEET THE SPECIFIED SHRLICTHRAL ORSGN REQUIREMENTS. IN ADDITION, I SHOULD BE CORROSION REGLETANT, REQUIRING NO PAINT. AND THE THICKNISSS OF SECTION CAN BE RECUCED SINCE ASAPETY MaRqiN IS WOT NPCESGAeY TD COVER 1065 OF STRENGTH CUF to CORROSIOK ¢) ALUMINUM COORS AND WINDOWS “> THESE GaN Be GENERALLT FABRICAED FROWN FATRUGIONS ANID ROLLED SHAPES, 8) AWAMIIIM PAYELS AND SANDWICH PANELS + ARE FABRICATED UNITS GENERALLY WANLIFACTUREO. = USING DIMENSIONS oF INOPULAR AND NCAe MODULAR WIKEOW WibTH FOR BUILDING EXTFIZIO® AND IN! UCO MM, ALONIM, ANID 1200 MIM WIDTHS FOR ATER DIVIDERS. + PANELS FOR EXTERIOR PUILDINGS | PXTRUGION OR SHRET marECLAL WHIGI HAS BEEN F2ESSED. STAMPED AND FORMED INTO A SPRclFIC eare SSENDWNICH PANEL COMPRISES A CONSTRVETION CALLED GAN CONSTRUICHON A CEUULAK CORE AWIniUM APPLIED AID PONPRD TD Bort SIDES ©) ORNAMENTAL ALUMINUM a> KINDS OF ROS, BARC. PIRES, RAILINGS, PTTINGS AND SPECIAL GHARES AEE MANUPACTURED AS STOCK mute YOR UGE IN ORNAMENTAL DESIGA OF RALUNGE GRILLES, SCREENS, PIC FD ALUMISIUM] MEEH AND WIRE CLOTH => useD FOR PACING, PARTICUMALT CHAIN USK FERCUS AND IercT SCREENINGI BTORING, CLEANING of FOLIGHING 2) OXIDIZING THE cUIePACE WITH ALUMINUM of OTHE METALLIC axIDRS CD ELECTROLYTIC rinisuES <7 COMMONLY RETERKED Tp Ay aNODRED FINISHERS, THESE FNSHEG Ae BASED ON THE SPECIFIC SBILITY OF ALUMIUUM To DEVELOP A PROTECTIUE Coan OF OXIDE ON ris SUIeRACE => COMING FORMED MAT BE OFAGUE CR TkANSAENT: AD ELECIRO PLATING =7 ALUMQUUM CAN) PE covREED WIth 4 ResrechE (Ce CECORATIIE FIM OR ANoTHpIe METAL USMALEY Gy’ PLECROOE POSITION Reni CAGE OF COPPER AND NICKEL TIE coAnc SHO RECONPLETS Sep UNCON, oMBONIGE HECE WILL BE GALVANIC ACTION Whit! (S peSrEUCTWE 1 ALM Be a vrnrcus music. m0 rac) mene 5 eee DSO Maus Btisatao anton rants haan cms DIPreuT FEELING W Tar COLD AKE CLASSY. WHEREAS ANDEIC COLOR fe METALIC Nau 4) PAINT =? PAINT, LAC@UBR, AND ENAMEL cAN BE APPLIED AS FISHES Tp ALUMINGM SURFACES HAT HAVE BEES PREPARED gy SuIrapie Gecvical TREATMENT FIG LEAD BASE PAINS THAT HUCT MOT EE USED os Aunt 2. IRON |THE PURE IRON Is TRUGH, MELIEABLE SILVEICT- WHITE FAISAL “tear 1s Sorr aN uctur AS corrme, ° BASIET MAcNEriZED> *OKIDIZED PAPIOLY I Aue. SHARDENED BY HEATING ANP GUDOEMED COCLING tNeet BeIme IN Veer LOW TEMPEeATEE BED HEAT PIS SOPT ANP WHITE Heat ir cal BS WELD.imesh AN ce CAST WTO ANY SHAPE ts for howe SOUING De Pac 28) WROUGHT IRON AIDS PURE [RON Witt LEE THAN 0.1 To CORBON) CALL. NOT MOE Twas! 0.08 7 116 USEC FOR ALCUITECMICAL FIELD REIMAEILT TD Fem A BAUR WROVGI IRON PIPE, CHAN, SHEET ANp oeslaMeIrAL Wade FUSED Moe PLUMBING, WeatNla BAD ACONDIMONING WHERE A CORROSSOA — clcrast fowl euRAai® ATE AS Ie HRCA. *PEGUIRDE SLILLED CROFIVNGHIP Toe FULIUIRD, RDILNG, RENCE, CESLUNG AND Swain PECoMAnVE ORIECTE NY sD srerl STEEL UGIALLY WerEKS fp MAIN CAREON STEELC, Alsd PEFINED AS AUDYE OF IRON AND CAKieoR) WHICH DO NDT CoNTAIN| MOKE THAN 27+ CBREON ANC WHI Aer WADE W MELLPABLE o2 Wor RORM: + caRecN! SIREL con) BE WROUGHT, ROLLED, CACT 4D WELDED ur KOT EXTRUDED: 2 PHOSPIOKUS..CULFUK, OXYGEN AND NIKROGEN KEE PQECeT, THE Ace THREE WMPURTES 24D THPES OF STEEL a} cAReeN SrEEL => Ca¥ BE SeaKecPTED WO THKEE MAN! CARCGORIES 1 OW CARBON STEEL C KNOWN AG MILOSTEEL) + MEDIUM CARBCH EIEEL AND HIGH CARBO\S STEEL. ai.) Low conece! STEEL CMILD STEEL): Trea covraunss 064 7 (0.034+ CBREON CONTENT. If COUFRS A GemeT PIVERCIMY OF SHAPES 5 Fiton PAT SHEET TD sWUCTUEAL BEAM(STEEL pASTFEL AT HAS Her si AOS CRMORE ALLOTING FLEMENTS COTES THAN GARE) Fee oe toRcre DF NeUCIE, ERCANE Or PELE ECONOMICAL cL WIPE AVAWABILIKY EASE OF PROCESSING, atID GOOD MECHANICAL PROPPRTING = ALY EPL AGE WOKE RECONGNE TO HEAT AND MECHANICAL EATIVEAIE PLN CAREON STEELS : : CD STAINLESS SIEFL 7 4 sreEL ALLoM WIT INCKRASED CORROSION FRCISTANCE CONPAKED To CAREON/ ALOT SIFEL. 1D.) TOL SEL =7 A TERM IED TOK 4 VARIETY dF HIGH -HARDNEES, ABRAGON RECISTANT STEELS: SPECING t0oL APeucaTiont ARE pIEC, CSTAMPING OF EXTRUSION), CUTTING, MOLDNVAKING GB NIPECT APPLICATIONS UKE HAMMERS CRERSONAL OF WNEUSRIAL) So) TYPES OF SIEFL FINISHES (9) ANODIZING ~7 1saN EXECIROLYNC FASEWATIN PROCESS To NOKRACE HE TRIICKAESE OP TIP NATURAL OXIDE LENEK, LINE CURACE THEMAN fuiseniont OF AIODING ARE NCREACE GORROCICY) CBeIsrANCE, WEAK RESKTANCE ,AOHESION fox pawT AND PRIME SAND HORE 1b) MEAL PLATING =? a TECHNIQUE nee CHEMICAL FATS IS UD 1D cosr ORAL TELGIKPACE OF A CUBSTATE WITH A THIN LASTER OF METAL 0.) ELECTROLESS PLANING =? TIC PROCESS NOLES APPLING 4 UNIFORM LOTER OF AMETAL to A Sumendste hUTHOUT THE NEEP FOR aN FLECKZICAL CHARGE. 4) PASSIVATION = In 1G. PROCES USED TO INIPROVE We cuerACE CONOINON OF CANIS STEEL. BY PASSOKVING THE IRON THAT 1 EMBEDDED WN THE SnerACE EF TORING, MACHINING, OR OMEK MANUIRACHIRING STEPS.htt cco cae sage Ai uA otce encore WORKING BECAUSE OF ME TOUMATION oF FLOATED © SD ZING =7 ZNO 1s A merERIAL MAT HAS GOME nuRCURH SURRSTAAMAL MOTHE MAT IAAT IC ACEO AND TUE WATT THAT ITS PERCEIVED, ©) BRASS =P 15 AN ALLOY MADE PRIMARILY OF COPPER. AND ZINE. * BRASS OMEN FAS 4 eRlauiT GUD APPEARANCE, ivevEW It CAN! B50 BE REDDASH-GOLD OK SILVERY WHINE. A HIGHRE PERCENTAGE OF Copp YIELDS AROS ANE, ALE MORE SMC HAKEC (ME Melby Berea SINER TAINS BIGUEK, IALEBEILIYY THAN Erte BRONIE DR ZINC: + BRASS 15 FAST TD AST « BeAcs KITS CORROSION, INCLOING GAWARIC COORD PROM “SAEWWATER DD PRONZE =P IAN ALLOY mar cONSITS OF QoPPRE WITH WHE ADEIION OF ‘OTe pIGePDIENTS 2718 GHARECTERIZED BY ths PULL-AOLD COLOR. 2 1S USED Wy THE GOMSTEVICHION oF A HCD SrEEL “GRO MIRTAL mar TAKES A HIGH FOUSH AND IS USED WY ALLIYS To INCREASE SKEENGTHL AND CORROSION RESICtANCE. AWOL > SILTY WHITF, WUGH AUD HARE THAN IKON ; NICKEL 1S WIDELY TAMING BECAUSE OFS ace Iv COMAGE BUI IS MOK IMPORTANT EINE Ae THE FUE METAL ORIN Tie FORM CF ALLO OF Fore IS MAN Comcne AND INOUERRAL APPLICATIONC.BD LEAD =) 4 Gort, sUVEET WHHE ce oRATieH MeKAL DYERT MAUEABLE DUCE AND CENCE AND ISA PDE CONDUCIOR oF ELEctacire Dues MEY BE EMMACTED © ROACING THE ORE AtO THEN SMIELTING ITINA GiAsT TURNACE ok BY DIRFOTEMELtING WwHHOUT RASTING. B- METHODS gr VOWIING METALS WAST 1S MET JomINlG PROCESS 7 71S DEFINED AS JOINING OF m0 MeraL PARTS BITE TEMIPORARL=T OR PERMANEUTEY WHE OF WITHOUT THE APPLICATION oF HEAT OR PRESGAKE. 1) coursing PSOUDPE IS AN BLOT CF TIN ANID LEAD SOMETIME tIMIORY AND BASMUTH ARE 41S ADDED. 1a.) TYPES oF s.DEING THREE TYPES OF SOWEONG 12 dorr scupmonc 2:) sawn cOLpE RING 2) BRADING DSOFT SOLDERING -> 18.4 PROCESSES CF LOINING THO CK MORE PIECES OF aIMILAR OR PISCIMILANe GHINGS) TANNER PARIS BY AN ALLOY CALLED SOLDER’, WHICH HAS A LONER MELTING FONT TAN THE RECT MetaLe. THE TEMIPERATURE REGUIRED IS APPADKIINATET AOD°C TO 250° C FOR SUPT SOLDERING 2) HARD SOLDEXING =? I THIS PROCESS Is MRAUIRED AN EXTRA HEAT WHICH (COMES FROM ELOW-LAMIP OR OXY-ACETYLENE FLAME TD WELT THE SOLDRR. GENBRAICT tH1S USED FOE UNDERGROUND cApie JOINT OF TELEPHONE, che. BF. 5) BOADING =? HIS A HOLD OF BARD SoLPERING. MLAS PROCESS, HEAT 1S APPLIED FROM OCY- ACETYLENE FLAWIE. BUT IN SOFT SOLDERING, NO Enea Wear 1S WEQUIKED. 22 A WENIOD OF YORING METALS BY THE USE OF A SUCIELE Auoy consterag LARAEET OF BIAST, iD MELTING At P TEMPERATHRE ABOIE (00°C FersHoND EF BEMEMEERED WAT IT IS A TEMPORAITYVOINT: It CAN BE PAST SEPERATED AFTER HEATING OF THE WELDED RRONDE METAL(9) *WIN- carson Age BRAZING FROUIPMENTS aup YONG PROCESS OF SOFT SOLDERING ! j- doweeing wont i open nenerh Fuence BH ewcrmcay eniveens woK Wi. atte eAoRIDE couTiON OR ACIP, ENEIEY PAPER Exc. WELDING > 16 A PERMANENT JONT. WELDING IS SEEN EVERY WHEE —NO WELOING, Xo NBUGHET. Its AN NICOL ART a VORING aneTALS SY PRESSURE Bree UEATIG TOA PLASNCASFATE OR MOWING TWO PIECES OF METALS 1S FUSION OF. BY PRECIURE To FORM ASOLD UNICN GRA COMPACT Wass. A. GROUP OF WELDING : MAINT TWD GROURS OF WELDING ARE HED IY INDUSHEY: 8 urogenous wrong 2) HETERCGENOUS WELDWG. “WWE Mest TYPE of NELDNIG MAY BE OF SIMILAC WETALS: AND THE SECOND PE Wa BE OF SIMILAR O8 CKGIMLAE METALS To Be NELOED Witt tHE IRD ADD MONA. erat o® Ao WHICH Was cor LW ELIING TEMLRECAT ARE ‘ans HF MEL JO PE WELDED. — AuTD AENOUG MELDINGD.WRD eordriON IIS THE ANGLE FoQNED BeWEEN THE uerRe FOLMONL OF VERTICAL PUKE FASCING “ROUGH THE LINE oF WELD ROOT AND tie PART OF A PASSING ‘MROVGH THE WELD ROOT AND THE FeUST ON THE ACE FOUIDSTANT POM oT FOGPS OF Fike WELD. Fe NELDWG PBRAMETERE EFORCE WELOING, COME CANIS OF ACTION O@ PARAMETERS ARETD GE FOLONEO! 1) OLNESINCATION AND SIZE oF ELECMROORS 2) CURZENT ANO OFEN out VOLTAGE 2) LENGTH OF GUN OF PAGES FRR ELECTRODE OF PEED OF TRAVEL « © MUMBEE AND ARRANGEMENT OF GUNS NMA ~ RIN WELD. 6) POSITION OF WELDING. ©) PREPARATION ANO.GET-UIP oF FRENE 2D NELONG GeOmNE 18) PREHEATING AND ROT HEATING"PROCESS OF RIVETING © : “THERE AME FOUK PROCESS OF RIVETING: RIVETING 3 1) ginaue ewer 2) vouele 25 owas eneTIeG 4) zqzag evETiNG STEEL @ARS AND LENGTH SD SMEEL GK A BOK OF METAL THAT 16 HIDE cOnKIDERED &5 ole OF HE MoT IMPORTANT COMPONENT IN A CONSTRUCTION. TWE STEEL GAAS WARIFG FROM DIFFERENT GWEC ANDES, THESE ARE ANGLE PORE quae G6KC, oun BAC AND MAT BARS. mesmrt aie sibs 025 K45 CAS ¥ 4" xamm) 40x40 C1.4/9" K1.1/9"x 4mm). 2 PONSO (3%%2" x 4 mm) * BOK5O C2" 2! x Bmm) + BOXED Care 2X rom) © WO XUD C2.1/4" x 2.4/s"X Seem) 1 18X15 COX? xem) + x80 xem + 80K 50X 8mm.NRF YABEIC PRODUCTS, SUCH AS WIRE CLOTH AHO NIKE NIEGH ARE USED FOK, RFENING, ORTNG OND FILTERING PROCESCEC IN PRODUCTION FACIUTIES. WIKE MECH CAR BE UeED FOR VIBRATHET on GRATE SEPLRATORE. WIZE Lot GAN BE UGK FW cEREEN = POOH EEN, 08 FO FABRICATING VENTARD [ROATING, MANUFACTURING HINEDN AND que avaKos EXPANDED winch EXPANDED METAL MRcH 1S MANUPACTUCED 6 GLITING AUD gngercHING 'NsTD AWIDE: ARRAY OF SHAPED OPENING. “HERE AZE NUN SES AND MATEGAL TYPES foe DIFFRENT APPLICATION SUCH AS CAREON GFPES)STERL, ALUMINUM, STAINLRGE STEEL, TEAWREC CF EXPINDED ViEIAL MESH SPURRELE -FWIGHES sD TE NE CORROSION RESISTANCE. STNG - HH UCAS WEIGAT LIT HIGHER STHENGTA, IFAM FORM & VAY S¥ONG eaieune Foe cece © AUABLE TOK DECORATION. Cur cp HE VARIETY OF PATTERN TYPES ENBANCING A iseeruerie: APPRARANCE. | Pps pacsAGE oF UGHT HEAT AND AW, F Lesion PROM que RESEARCH! oy LEaIQING FHOM HIKE RESEARCH IS Hier WinHOUT MELE ClFFERENT KINDS OF fnetave HERE WNW NEVE RE AN SNDUSTELALZE ECO MANNY, Mar THESE QOS OF METALS Jeuree OF A goo0 WSO WN ConSTRUICHAG & STEUGURE OR RUILDING EVER DFFERBRT TQNOS OF METAL HAD FE CMA FURAOSEG ity OURLIFE WOT UST IN SMALL THINGS RAPALSDRLUSTRATIONS IRON Brass uuuSpe mae femmetlcom /ditfeent= ype of metal fects and ‘pe = Pwo aden Enapran 0 Uk / ag /eomimercicl-metal- use] mast“ _atgptications- oF ciuminuen / snipe wan tivescence com /0 Kon et . 1 pwd beiftmaice cone [tec /cact-iton, ‘eis ret. cciancedtnect.cten /topict Tmatvialt «science: /vmorgit -iron. 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