CHAPTERS OF

COMPUTER
BASICS

1. DEFINITION OF COMPUTER……..………………………………………………………..Page 1
2. GENERATIONS OF COMPUTER…………………………………………………….……..Page 2
3. SOFTWARE AND HARDWARE…………………………………………………………….Page 3
4. Measurement of storage…………………………………………………………………...Page 4
5. Characteristics of computer……………………………………………………………….Page 5
6. Storage of DVD…………………………………………………………………………………..Page 6
7. Parts of computers……………………………………………………………………………..Page 7
8. Parts of system unit…………………………………………………………………………….Page 8
9. Extensions of computer………………………………………………………………………Page 9
10. Windows key………………………………………………………………………………………Page 10
11. Keyboard…………………………………………………………………………………………… Page 11
12. File information………………………………………………………………………………….Page 12
  An electronic device for storing and processing data, typically in binary form, according to
instructions given to it in a variable program.

 A computer is a digital electronic machine that can be programmed to

carry out sequences of arithmetic or logical operations (computation)
automatically. Modern computers can perform generic sets of operations
known as programs. These programs enable computers to perform a wide
range of tasks.

GENERATIONS OF COMPUTER

Générations of computers Generations time line Evolving hardware

First generation 1945s-1958s Vacuum tube based

Second generation 1959s-1964s Transistor based

Third generation 1965s-1974s Integrated circuit based

Fourth generation 1975s-present Micro processor based

SOFTWARE
 Software is a set of instructions, data or programs used to operate
computers and execute specific tasks. It is the opposite of hardware, which
describes the physical aspects of a computer. Software is a generic term used
to refer to applications, scripts and programs that run on a device.
What are the 5 examples of software?
 Google Chrome.
 Mozilla Firefox.
 Internet Explorer.
 Opera.
 UC Browser.
 Safari.
Types of Software
 Application Software.
 System Software.
 Firmware.
 Programming Software.
 Driver Software.
 Freeware.
 Shareware.
 Open Source Software.
 Etc.

HARDWARE

 Computer hardware includes the physical parts of a computer, such as the case, central
processing unit, random access memory, monitor, mouse, keyboard, computer data
storage, graphics card, sound card, speakers and motherboard. By contrast, software is the
set of instructions that can be stored and run by hardware. 

Hardware Overview
 The System Unit. Motherboard (aka System Board) CPU (Central Processing
Unit) Memory, such as RAM, ROM, Cache, and Flash. Ports. Expansion
Slots.
 Secondary Storage, such as hard disk drives, CD-ROMs, etc.
 Input / Output Devices.
 Communications Devices.
Measurement of storage

 measurement, the process of associating numbers with physical

quantities and phenomena. Measurement is fundamental to the sciences; to
engineering, construction, and other technical fields; and to almost all
everyday activities