PRE CLASSICAL

 Designed cities were

characteristic of the
Minoan, Mesopotamian,
Harrapan, and Egyptian
civilisations of the third
millennium BC
 Minoan cities were
connected by narrow roads
paved with blocks cut with
bronze saws.
 Streets were drained, and water and sewage facilities were available to the upper class
through clay pipes.

 WALLED CAPITAL CITY OF

MESOPOTAMIA
 URUK HAS PLANNED
SETTLEMENTS AND CITIES
DURING THE GREEK AND
ROMAN TIMES AT 2900 BC

GRECO-ROMAN EMPIRE

 Miletus – 600 BC
 Planned by Hippodamus 3 parts by 3 parts
 Grid pattern flexibility and ease of grid plan
 Plan adapted and used extensively by
Alexander 325 to develop new cities
 Greek Alexandria was divided into three regions
 Rhakotis - "Alexandria" was the old city that was
absorbed into Alexandria.
 Brucheum - Royal or Greek quarter and formed the
most magnificent portion of the city.
 Jewish - was the northeast portion of the city.

 The Romans used a consolidated scheme for city planning, developed for civil convenience. 
 They would lay out the streets at right angles, in the form of a square grid.
 All roads were equal in width and length, except for two, which were slightly wider than the
others. 
 The decumanus, running east–west, and the cardo, running north–south, intersected in the
middle to form the centre of the grid.

 Generally described as any town planned and built as a unit

 Developed with a grid layout of intersecting streets, with wide thoroughfares that divide
the town plan into insulae, or blocks, through which a narrow lane often runs.

  The highly symmetrical layout is centred on a canalised river and an intersecting street.

Church in the eastern corner and by the pre-existing street (the only curved one in the
whole town) on the northwest side.

 The corner bastions and the wide outer ditch were added in the late 16th century.

 An early model of the new urban planning, which took on a star-shaped layout adapted
from the new star fort, designed to resist cannon fire.
 This is the star-shaped city.
 Radial streets extend outward from a defined centre of military, communal or spiritual
power.