Carbamate Poisoning

Carbamate poisoning is poisoning

due to exposure to carbamates.
Carbamates are typically used as
pesticides; however, some also have
medical uses. Symptoms may be
similar to organophosphate
poisoning

Pralidoxime is an effective
antidote for organophosphate
poisoning only if the antidote is
administered before the “aging”
process (i.e., within 24 hours of
exposure), which stabilizes the
organophosphate-enzyme
complex.
 Paracetamol Poisoning
Paracetamol poisoning, also known as
acetaminophen poisoning, is caused by
excessive use of the medication
paracetamol (acetaminophen). Most people
have few or non-specific symptoms in the
first 24 hours following overdose. These
include feeling tired, abdominal pain, or
nausea.

N-acetylcysteine (NAC) has been used for

several decades and has proven to be the
antidote of choice in treating
acetaminophen-induced hepatotoxicity.
There is significant clinical evidence to
support that oral and intravenous NAC are
equally efficacious in the prevention of
hepatotoxicity.
 Carbamate Poisoning
Tricyclic antidepressant poisoning
causes predictable
electrocardiographic abnormalities
and can be lethal. Cardiac
arrhythmias, hypotension, seizures,
and coma are common. .

Sodium bicarbonate is a well-known

antidote for tricyclic antidepressant
(TCA) poisoning. It has been used for over
half a century to treat toxin-induced
sodium channel blockade as evidenced by
QRS widening on the electrocardiogram
(ECG).