Professional Documents
Culture Documents
10 May 2008
Developer : Beijing Chyau Fwu Properties Co., Ltd. Architect : Integrated Design Associates Engineering Consultant : Ove Arup & Partners Hong Kong Ltd.
Building Information
Site
Forbidden City
Location: No. building: Building usage: Floor area: Building height: No. of storey:
Beijing, China 4 buildings enclosed by a Microclimate Envelope Class-A office, retail, hotel, restaurant and carpark 200,000 m 87m
Development Site
3-storey basement carpark 4-storey retail floor 7~10-storey office floor 6-story hotel
Design Objectives
New paradigm of sustainable building in China Sustainable & environmentally-friendly design to the neighbourhood, the covered common spaces and the occupied areas in buildings Low natural resources consumption and energy efficient buildings Minimal social and environmental impact to surrounding building occupants Cost effective and low O&M cost green technologies Maximize use of hybrid ventilation Low environmental impact Good indoor environmental quality Safe, healthy and liveable space
Neighbourhood Amenities Site Amenities BUILDING IEQ Building Amenities Site Impacts Neighbourhood Impacts Resources Use
OPEN SPACE
Loadings
Average Outdoor Temp. of the Hottest Month (July) 25.9 oC Average Outdoor Temp. of the Coldest Month (Jan) -4.8 oC When outside critical illuminance is 5,000 lx, available time of daylight is about 3,900 hours Maximum altitude in summer is 73.7
30.00
20.00
1 0.00
-20.00
Month
M ean M in M ax
RH 40%-80%
70.0 60.0 50.0 40.0 30.0 20.0 10.0 0.0 Jan Feb M ar Apr M ay Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
Month
N, NNW
N NNW 15 NNE
Located on the fringe of the loess belt Sandy and dusty weather originated in Inner Mongolia, Gansu and the Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region will affect the region in spring season.
Outdoor Air Speed (m/s)
Annual Average Wind Speed Frequency of Occurrence 2.5 Winter 2.8 NNW (13%) N (13%) Summer
WN W
NW 10
NE
EN E
WS W
ES E
Wint er
SW SE
1.9 SW (10%)
SSW S
SSE
Architectural Deign
Massing
Architectural Design
Block D
Block A
Block B Block C
Hotel
Offices
Retail
18
13 11 9 7 5 4 3 6 9 8 7 6
Planning Parameters
260 Roof angle Environmental consideration informs Building Shape
Height Limit
120,000m2
Building Separation
26
1 1.7
25,000m2 55,000m2
0700
0900
1200
1400
1700
Daylight Analysis
North
N NNW 15 NNE
NW 10
NE
WN W
EN E
WS W
ES E
Wint er
SW SE
SSW S
SSE
exhaust
exhaust
intake
L18 (high block top floor) L13 (hotel portion) L9 (low block top floor) L3 (office portion) L1 (Street level) Sunken Level 2 (retail portion) intake
intake
exhaust
Green Features
Hybrid ventilation and Night cooling in office Free cooling for air-side systems Skygraden Thermal break on facade interior (double skin facade) Daylighting Rainwater recycling AC condensate resued for cooling tower Evaporative cooling Heat Pipe Earth cooling in basement (fresh air pre-cool) Variable speed pump and ventilation fans Evaporative type water cooled air-conditioning
Internal Condition of Various Areas by changing Different Roof Glazing Materials [Autum n Season] 30.0
Technical Studies
Hybrid ventilation Ventilated facade Ground source heat pump Photovoltaic system Heat pipe application Radiant cooling / heating Heat recovery chillers Building thermal and pressure distribution Building solar and daylight access Building energy simulation Ecological enclosure thermal and ventilation study Energy efficient air distribution system Air-side and water-side free cooling Outdoor and indoor cooling tower schemes Chiller plant heat rejection study And..
28.0
27.0
26.0
25.0
24.0 0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 Shading Coefficient
Office Floors Natural Ventilation Operating Retail Floors Air-conditioning Operating Atrium Hybrid Ventilation Operating
Summer Season
Summer outdoor temp: 35C
Office Floors Air-conditioning Operating Retail Floors Air-conditioning Operating Atrium Hybrid Ventilation Operating
Winter Season
Winter outdoor temp: -10C
Office Floors Air-conditioning Operating Retail Floors Air-conditioning Operating Atrium Hybrid Ventilation Operating
63%
(cooling)
13%
(cooling/ heating)
80%
(heating)
Load Estimation
Dynamic thermal analysis 3D model separated in different zones Heat transfer between building and the surroundings Consider solar heat gain, fabric gain, convective heat gain, internal load
Office Floors
Underfloor AC system
Typical office (High block & Low block L3-7)
Perimeter zone
Underfloor fan box size 600x600
Internal zone
Office Floors
Perimeter zone
Internal zone
NATURALLY VENTILATED OFFICE SPACE NATURALLY VENTILATED OFFICE SPACE LEGEND WINDOW IN OPEN POSITION WINDOW IN CLOSE POSITION EXHAUST / RETURN AIR DAMPER IN OPEN POSITION EXHAUST / RETURN AIR DAMPER IN CLOSE POSITION VOID FOR AIR INTAKE VOID FOR AIR EXHAUST EXHAUST / RETURN AIR FLOW PATH NATURALLY VENTILATED OFFICE SPACE FRESH AIR FLOW PATH AREA WITHOUT PARTITION WALL
AHU
AHU
AHU
AHU
NATURALLY VENTILATED OFFICE SPACE AIR CONDITIONED OFFICE SPACE NATURALLY VENTILATED OFFICE SPACE AIR CONDITIONED OFFICE SPACE
LEGEND WINDOW IN OPEN POSITION WINDOW IN CLOSE POSITION EXHAUST / RETURN AIR DAMPER IN OPEN POSITION EXHAUST / RETURN AIR DAMPER IN CLOSE POSITION VOID FOR AIR INTAKE VOID FOR AIR EXHAUST EXHAUST / RETURN AIR FLOW PATH
AHU
AHU
FCU
Return Air
AHU
AHU
Supply Air grille
Construction Progress