IB English Language and Literature Paper 1 Stylistic Features

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1. Allegory A literary work in which the apparent 22. Figurative Any use of language where the intended
meaning of the characters and events is Language meaning differs from the actual literal
used to symbolise a deeper moral and meaning of the words themselves (inc.
spiritual meaning. metaphor, simile, personification, irony,
etc)
2. Allusion A reference to a well-known person,
place, event, literary work, or work of 23. Hyperbole An extremem exaggeration
art
24. Hypophora Asking a question and then answering it.
3. Ambiguity An event or situation that may be
25. Imagery Words that create a picture in the reader's
interpreted in more than one way.
mind
4. Anachronism something or someone out of place in
26. Irony A literary device that uses contradictory
terms of historical or chronological
statements or situations to reveal a reality
context
different from what appears to be true.
5. Analogy Illustrating the subject under discussion
27. Oxymoron Two apparently contradictory terms
by making a parallel comparison
28. Paradox A statement that appears self-
6. Anaphora Repetition of the same word or
contradictory, but that reveals a kind of
expression at the beginning of
truth
successive phrases to create emphasis
29. Parallelism Use of similar or identical language,
7. Anecdote A short account of an particular
structures, events or ideas in different
situation or incident
parts of a text.
8. Anthropomorphism Attributing human characteristics to an
30. Satire The ridicule of something the writer
animal or inanimate object (e.g Queen
dislikes
of hearts)
31. Sensationalize Describing something in an exaggerated
9. Antithesis A figure of speech in which a thought is
way to shock and engage the reader.
balanced with a contrasting thought.
32. Syntax Arrangement of words and phrases to
10. Apostrophe Where a speaker addresses a person
create sentences.
or object that is not alive
33. Tricolon Sentence of three parts of equal
11. Archaism Intentional use of a word or expression
importance and length, usually three
no longer used to evoke a sense of a
independent clauses.
bygone era
34. Understatement A statement that says less than what is
12. Bias Promoting on specific point of view in a
meant
text and deliberately excluding others
13. Cacophony Denotes harsh, jarring noise
14. Cliche A stereotypical expression which is
overused
15. Connotation Suggestion of a word meaning beyond
what it explicitly denotes
16. Diction Choice of words
17. Ellipsis The omission of words necessary to
complete a sentence (...) or (-) used for
dramatic effect, tension, confusion, etc.
18. Enumeration Listing items in order.
19. Euphemism a word or phrase that is used in a place
of a more direct term that might be
offensive.
20. Euphony Denotes pleasant, harmonious sound
21. Exposition Where an author interrupts a story in
order to explain something.