THE EEFECTIVENESS OF WATCHING DEPED TV

AS A PLATFORM OF LEARNING TO THE CUENCA

SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS
CHAPTER 2
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
FOREIGN LITERATURE
DEPED TV is a Philippine educational television channel of the Department of
Education (DEPED) with the assistance of the Presidential Communications Operations
Office (PCOO). It was launched on August 11, 2020 and began its test broadcast, but following
the postponement of the starting date of classes, the block is suspended to October 5, 2020.
According to Meridith (2019) Children and adults may learn a lot from television. Both at
home and in the school, television can be used as a learning tool. With our large selection of TV
channels, you're sure to discover the right balance of educational programs for your kids or
yourself. Book television, the Science Channel, and the Discovery Channel are just a few
examples.Television is a news source. Civilians can stay updated about what is going on in their
city by tuning in to local news. Breaking news from around the world is broadcast on
international news shows. In the face of global warming, the weather channel is also critical
since it informs us about tornado warnings, hurricanes, and other natural disasters. Instead of
traveling, watching TV can give an affordable respite. From behind a television screen, you may
quickly learn about different cultures around the world. Turn on a fresh season of BBC's Planet
Earth and relax while watching the stunning visuals on television. Television can make you feel
like you're part of a community and allow you to partake in a subculture. We've gotten better at
viewing TV programmes as their quality has improved. We pay more attention to the small
things, and showrunners get more inventive with the small elements they add as story twists
and turns. People form fandoms to debate their favorite television shows and to develop their
own subculture centered on their favorite characters and shows. "The huge wasteland of
television has been replaced by an excess of greatness," writes David Carr in the New York
Times. It might be difficult to keep up with all of the fantastic shows that are available. You can
feel less lonely by watching television. In some respects, watching television can serve as a
diversion from socializing with friends and family. Researchers found that viewing a favorite TV
show made people feel less lonely, according to a study published in the journal Experimental
Social Psychology. In addition, if a show, news article, or sporting event has enough cultural
clout, it has the power to pull people together to support a common cause. The 2019 Raptors
triumph is the best recent illustration of this! Family connection is one of the many advantages
of watching television. Spending time as a family watching television provides an opportunity for
everyone to interact and unwind. Bonding over a favorite television show can lead to lifelong
memories.
Allow yourself to be exposed to new languages that you desire to learn. Watching TV
programmes in the foreign language you want to learn is a terrific technique to help you learn a
new language. Many individuals learn English from American television series all across the
world. Listening to and reading subtitles is a terrific way to learn without actively participating.
There are numerous health advantages of watching television. There are health benefits to
watching a TV that makes you chuckle. The best treatment is laughter! If you choose to watch
TV while exercising, you will be distracted, allowing you to exercise for longer periods of time.
People are more energetic after witnessing environmental scenes, according to a study from the
University of Rochester.
Television is a low-cost source of entertainment. When compared to going to the cinema or
seeing a live play, it is unquestionably the most cost-effective option! Self-control can be
improved by watching television. According to a fascinating study from the University of Buffalo,
viewing TV on a daily basis can help us preserve our ability to resist temptation. The study's
lead researcher discovered that witnessing a "familiar imaginary environment" helped people
manage their desires. The communal aspect of viewing your favorite TV show gives you a
sense of security, which helps you manage your desires.
Stress can be relieved by watching television. According to a University of California study,
viewing more television can lower your cortisol levels. Cortisol is commonly referred to as the
"stress hormone." It's concerning since it can lead to weight gain, high cholesterol, and
depression. So, if viewing your favorite shows helps to lessen this, it's time to switch to prime
time television. You or your children may be inspired to attempt new activities or take up a new
activity as a result of watching television. When children witness their favorite characters
participating in activities that they have never tried before, they are more likely to want to try
them themselves! This could lead to greater "off-the-grid" learning. The same thing might
happen to you; if you're watching your favorite HGTV show about house renovations, it might
inspire you to pick up a paintbrush and renovate your home! HGTV shows may provide you a lot
of various ideas for your home's decor. TV may also be used to learn about different
occupations and motivate children and adults to explore new career paths. You can be inspired
to read more books by watching television! If you look into a show that you really like and go a
little deeper, you might find out that it was based on a book. Consider George R.R. Martin's
bestselling novel series Game of Thrones, Margaret Atwood's The Handmaid's Tale, or David E.
Kelley's Big Little Lies. When reading these novels, television can provide some visuals to help
you picture the words.
According to Haley (2019) Any late-night TV viewer can't help but notice the infomercials for
the countless DVDs and television programs aimed at turning their youngster into a genius.
Although these assertions may or may not be true, television has been shown to have a number
of advantages. Television can assist educate the general population through entertaining
programs, it can help children's intellectual growth, and it can help make excellent education
accessible to everyone, no matter where they are in the world.
Haley (2019) The Discovery Channel or the History Channel are perhaps the first channels
that come to mind when most people think of educational television. These channels are
typically aimed at adults and are both informative and entertaining. There are, however, more
sorts of educational television than this.There is educational television for children, such as
"Between the Lions," "Blues Clues," and "Little Einsteins," to help them learn the basics of the
alphabet and increase a child's willingness to read. (Manzo 10-16) There are experts in the
industry, such as Milton Chen, who has worked in collaboration with the Public Broadcasting
Service and the U.S. "Specific television programs and experiences can very much help
literacy," says the Department of Education regarding educational television (Manzo 4).
 Haley (2019) Career-specific channels are another recent trend. These channels cater to a
particularly specific demographic. One such channel is Australia's Aged Care Channel. This
channel broadcasts extra programming as well as general advice to keep carers informed, or it
can be used to teach courses. (Nazarko 5-7) It's a new technology that takes a "360-degree"
approach, allowing caregivers to access online workbooks and resources that correspond to the
show. It also allows the instructor to demonstrate techniques and use illustrations to help
elucidate issues (Nazarko 8). (Nazarko 9) (Nazarko 9) (Nazarko)
Haley (2019) Television may be a very useful instructional tool. Though not everything about
television's influence in general or on young children in particular is understood, educational
television appears to be appropriate in moderation, especially to assist reinforce class work.
Television may also be an excellent educational tool for older teenagers and adults. It assists in
the transmission of education to willing students in isolated areas or nursing homes in Australia.
The use of television must be done with care. Great things can be accomplished if we make
intentional decisions to utilize television properly.
According to Karwan and Abdulfatah (2018) Although the internet is quickly challenging the
“traditional” hegemony of television, there is no doubt that television remains the most
powerful means of mass communication in the world today. Moreover, in the vast literature on
television, it can be clearly seen that the majority of theorists and researchers acknowledge that
the rapid spread of television in the 20th century, continuing into the 21st century, has
dramatically affected not only human societies, but also individual’s personal moods, habits, and
culture. This is particularly true in the case of children. "Home media and children's achievement
and conduct," according to Hofferth (2010). He claims in "Child Development" that television can
be a good factor in students' lives, and that with adequate parental supervision, it may promote
academic achievement and reinforce desirable personal characteristics. Only 9% of American
families owned a television set in 1950, according to Hofferth's article. By the 1980s, however,
98 percent of American families had a television. According to experts, this tremendous
increase in television consumption had a significant impact on American society and culture
(Hofferth, 2010). As a result, an increasing number of families and pupils got access to
information. As a result, pupils got more connected to the rest of the globe and were exposed to
new information about various cultures, religions, governments, and history. The media,
according to the essay, is the sixth route to social or observational learning. This means that,
through television, not only older children, but also younger children, can learn to read, write,
converse, and connect with other children. Shows like "Sesame Street," "Yo Gaba," and
"Curious George," for example, educate young children the alphabet, the significance of being
responsible, and the nutrition in their foods, all of which are excellent influences on children's
minds. The study's main finding states that children who have access to home computers and
televisions receive better scores in school than children who do not have access to these
devices (Hofferth, 2010). There is just a minimal association between television viewing and
educational attainment, according to another study by William and Heart at el (1982), quoted in
Khan (2012). Although there is a minor link between television consumption and academic
accomplishment, the study concludes that it is not a significant component in students' total
academic performance. In contrast to their male counterparts, he claims that female participants
in the study had superior academic achievements as a result of access to television.
Furthermore, Greenstein (1954), quoted by Caldas and Bankston (1999), discovered that
children who watched television at home received better scores in school than those who did
not. Shin (2004) observed that watching television shows had the most impact on children of
any other activity they engage in. Shin also demonstrates that one of the most powerful
influences on a child's growth, both ecologically and academically, is television. Hornik (1978)
claims that watching television is a demonstrative approach for more accurately and
successfully observing class subjects. According to the National Institute on Media,
preschoolers who watch educational television have higher grades, participate in more reading
activities, and have a greater level of academic success than students who do not watch
educational television. Another advantage of television is the ability to communicate.
Computers, email, and internet surfing are all defined as forms of communication in the article.
The study discovered that when the level of communication in these technologies rises, so does
the level of activity in children. Children who utilize communication devices at home, for
example, have a significant increase in activity at school, rising from 8.7% to 12.8 percent.
When the amount of communication was raised, the level of learning and reading rose as well.
Between 1997 and 2003, the reading levels of youngsters aged 6 to 12 increased by 24%,
according to the article. Studying levels increased by 14% throughout the same period. It is
obvious that the more these technologies are used by youngsters, the better their academic
achievement will be. As a result, according to Hofferth (2010), these improved performance
levels may one day enable young children to attend better universities and have more
possibilities in life (Hofferth, 2010). Even families who watch too much television are not
endangering their children's education or development, according to one of the study's
contentious results. Because of their exposure to television, over 35% of youngsters under the
age of six were able to read, according to the study. Rideout, Vandewater, and Wartella
(Rideout, Vandewater, & Wartella, 2003). According to the study, 72 percent of parents believe
that allowing their children to use a computer or watch television helps them learn. Only 5% of
parents, on the other hand, thought otherwise. This demonstrates that an increasing number of
parents embrace the idea of viewing television because they believe it aids their children's
academic progress. Caldas and Bankston (1999) claim, however, that there is a negative
correlation between television viewing time and educational success. They also claim that folks
with greater earnings spend less time watching television than those with lower incomes
people with lesser incomes
According to Kureishi and Yoshida (2012), the more television children watch, the more likely
their mothers will report their children's poor academic achievement. Finally, while previous
research focused on various groups, genders, cultures, and other areas, the current study
believes that the association between viewing television and academic ability should be studied
academically.
According to Tempesta(2016) In today's America, exposure to screens and televised
programming appears nearly unavoidable. In airports, waiting rooms, elevators, and even gas
stations, we see television broadcasts. However, we often hear cautions about the
consequences of too much screen time, particularly for children and teenagers. The American
Academy of Pediatrics advises limiting media exposure to two hours or less per day of high-
quality content. Is there a way to utilize television responsibly that will benefit children, given that
it is such an important part of our lives? Is there anything that youngsters and teenagers can
learn from watching television? Yes, in a word. Television can be used to assist students
improve their literacy skills, address current social concerns, and enliven classroom dynamics.
Let's look at how television can benefit students in the classroom. Children can prepare to learn
to read by watching age-appropriate instructional television. According to several studies, these
types of programs help children learn to recognize sounds and letters. Basic vocabulary can be
picked up by preschoolers, especially when shows contain a featured "word of the day" or other
similar focus. Young viewers can study more sophisticated literacy concepts such as synonyms,
rhymes, and relative words at a higher level. These shows frequently combine instructional
information with elements that appeal to young children naturally, such as upbeat music and
pleasant, engaging characters. It's possible that the combination of components is the key to
keeping viewers' attention. And, because most very young children have little access to other
media platforms, television remains the most reliable source of this type of programming for
them. It's evident that watching high-quality television in moderation can help young children
learn. However, children aren't the only ones who may benefit from using television in the
classroom in the right way. Televised content can provide knowledge that is more recent than
what is available in a textbook for older pupils. Consider how politics and violence can alter
international connections, as well as the names and borders of individual countries. Although
hard copy resources aren't always up to date, news coverage and commentary can assist
students grasp what's going on in real time. Similarly, teachers might use this type of content in
class as a jumping-off point for current-events discussions. Examining new research discoveries
or even popular culture disputes may assist classes in science, economics, communication, and
art, and television can be the medium that supports this. Finally, television can benefit children
of all ages simply by providing a fresh format into the classroom. According to research, having
a visual component in a message can help with learning and retention. Visual stimulation also
appeals to pupils with different learning styles; as many teachers will tell you, not all students
learn in the same manner. At its most basic level, employing television as a teaching tool
causes a temporary shift in the classroom dynamic. Students are forced to shift their attention
away from traditional instructional approaches and toward a new stimulus. Showing a program
or clip and then discussing it can sometimes turn the instructor into a peer for a brief period of
time: students and teacher work together to assess what they just saw. For these reasons, if
used properly, television can be a valuable complement to the classroom. High-quality
educational content delivered at the right moment can help students of all ages learn new
concepts and even make class time more enjoyable.

LOCAL LITERATURE
DEPEDTV is a Philippine educational television channel of the Department of Education
(DEPED) with the assistance of the Presidential Communications Operations Office (PCOO). It
was launched on August 11, 2020 and began its test broadcast, but following the postponement
of the starting date of classes, the block is suspended to October 5, 2020.
According to Merlina (2020) The Department of Education (DEPED) is proposing the
implementation of "DEPED TV" and "DEPED Radio" as a long-term strategy for school to
increase the resiliency of the education system beyond the COVID-19 epidemic. "Learning
through television and radio will continue to be employed to solve reoccurring issues such as
calamities and classroom congestion," stated Alain Del Pascua, DEPED Undersecretary for
Administration. He explained that the recent COVID-19 pandemic-related limits in face-to-face
classes pushed DEPED to implement alternative learning delivery modalities for School Year
(SY) 2020-2021. The Information and Communications Technology Service (ICTS), directed by
Director Abram Abanil, and the Curriculum and Instruction Strand, led by Undersecretary
Diosdado San Antonio and Assistant Secretary Alma Ruby Torio, spearheaded the DEPED TV
and DEPED Radio initiatives for Pascua's office. Initial training for radio-based instructions was
also arranged by the Bureau of Learning Delivery (BLD), led by Director Leila Arreola, at the
University of the Philippines (UP) in both Diliman and Los Baos campuses. In July, the first
group of teacher-broadcasters was taught, and the participants were able to create the first
DEPED TV programs, which aired during the dry run in August. "All television programs will be
accompanied with a radio-based lecture designed to reach learners who do not have access to
television," Pascua stated. Pascua also stressed the importance of building studios in all of the
country's provinces and divisions, as well as radio stations and transmitters in all schools. It will
also be critical to build a 6-channel digital television infrastructure that can cover the entire
Philippines. "We could be looking at the future of schooling here," Pascua explained. "Apart
from online learning, which we are pursuing through DEPED Commons," he concluded,
"television and radio continue to be highly powerful mediums for instruction and education,
which is why we have DEPED TV and DEPED Radio."
According to Jane(2021) DEPED TV episodes are a supplement to the learning modules
offered to students. The teacher who conducts the online or modular learning approach
determines the success of the video lectures.Peralta claims that teachers who need to
demonstrate the clothes or culture of the Cordillera may simply use the pre-recorded video
lessons rather than risking taking their pupils to a museum or the highlands in the midst of the
pandemic. Teacher-broadcasters like Peralta audition and go through official training in
scriptwriting, video effects and treatments, and personality development with the support of
select TV stars before shooting for DEPEDTV. They are restricted in a remote situation by a
lack of equipment such as cameras and lights.Peralta says, "The fight is real." "Our money are
always late, and we must first coordinate with the division office." And that has always been our
rallying cry around here: "Where do we get the budget?" ”Fortunately for her team, the school
administration and professors are enthusiastic about the initiative and give them with the
necessary materials. She's also partnered with Sual's municipal administration, which has
provided resources and even a professional crew for some of the sequences.
According to BusinessMirror(2021) The Department of Education (DEPED)plans to launch a
DEPEDTV History Channel to promote historical awareness among Filipino students, teachers,
parents, and the general public. The channel would play films and documentaries on Philippine
and global timelines. The Office of the Undersecretary for Administration will lead the
preparation and review of content for the DEPED TV History Channel, in collaboration with the
Office of the Undersecretary for Curriculum and Instruction. The department understands the
value and usefulness of films and documentaries as educational tools. "With the launch of the
DEPED TV History Channel, these materials will be more readily available to students and
instructors," Education Secretary Leonor Magtolis Briones stated. "We are pleased to contribute
to the vivid history and identity of Filipinos," said the department. "The ideas and views that
learners may form as a result of watching DEPED TV History Channel [could] serve as a
stimulus for them to improve their conditions and circumstances, fight for their rights, uphold
their nationalist aspirations, and thrive in [multicultural] societies around the world," noted
Undersecretary Alain Del B. Pascua.Pascua also saw that the DEPED TV History Channel
might serve as a platform for showcasing and developing local talent.He went on to say, "We
can also organize workshops and contests that will generate historical documentaries made by
local filmmakers." "This is a fantastic opportunity for the film business and the education sector
to collaborate." The initial lineup will be made up of historical video assets that have already
been displayed to the public. The Department of Education may collaborate with other
filmmakers to create material.

The historical films and documentaries will be available onDEPED Commons,DEPED TV

YouTube, and DEPED EdFlix, a platform for educational movies and lessons on demand, in the
near future. It will also include history instructors' lessons that will pass the Curriculum and
Instruction strand's review.The Movie and Television Review and Classification Board, or
MTRCB, will oversee content on the DEPED TV History Channel. Furthermore, the department
stated that DEPED TV will show at a time that is asynchronous to and does not conflict with
DEPED History Channel, as DEPED TV is solely for curriculum-based episodes. When the two
channels are operational, however, a more flexible watching schedule will be possible.
According to Yen (2020) One of the things that sets DepEdTV apart from other forms of
distance learning is that it uses broader, persuasive, and engaging content to reflect the school
curriculum. Every episode is additionally tailored to the intended demographic and beyond by
the team of teacher-broadcasters. As a result, the episodes we create can be used long after
the school year has ended.Contrary to popular belief, many learning modes can be combined—
not it's just about online learning. For example, DepEd TV is available to augment the modular
approach and online classes. Parents and children, particularly those in public schools, just
need to be aware of how the system operates.

SYNTHESIS OF RELATED LITERATURE

The review literature was considered to be very applicable to the present because these
allowed the researchers to comprehend the most essential concepts of their study. The
reviewed studies provided fruitful discussion on DEPED TV. Nevertheless the researchers
present work have an identity of its own and it’s not a duplication of any cited study.
Karwan and Abdulfatah, and Haley explain that the television helps to child development that
television can academic achievement and reinforce desirable personal characteristics . Though
not everything about television's influence in general or on young children in particular is
understood, educational television appears to be appropriate in moderation, especially to assist
reinforce class work. Television may also be an excellent educational tool for older teenagers
and adults. While Tempesta and Meridith explain . Television can be used to assist students
improve their literacy skills, address current social concerns, and enliven classroom dynamics.
Let's look at how television can benefit students in the classroom. Children can prepare to learn
to read by watching age-appropriate instructional television. According to several studies, these
types of programs help children learn to recognize sounds and letters. Basic vocabulary can be
picked up by preschoolers, especially when shows contain a featured "word of the day" or other
similar focus. According to a fascinating study from the University of Buffalo, viewing TV on a
daily basis can help us preserve our ability to resist temptation. The study's lead researcher
discovered that witnessing a "familiar imaginary environment" helped people manage their
desires. The communal aspect of viewing your favorite TV show gives you a sense of security,
which helps you manage your desires.
 Jane and BusinessMirror discussed the DEPED TV episodes are a supplement to the learning
modules offered to students. The teacher who conducts the online or modular learning
approach determines the success of the video lectures.Peralta claims that teachers who need to
demonstrate the clothes or culture of the Cordillera may simply use the pre-recorded video
lessons rather than risking taking their pupils to a museum or the highlands in the midst of the
pandemic. The channel would play films and documentaries on Philippine and global timelines.
The Office of the Undersecretary for Administration will lead the preparation and review of
content for the DEPED TV History Channel, in collaboration with the Office of the
Undersecretary for Curriculum and Instruction. The department understands the value and
usefulness of films and documentaries as educational tools.

REFERENCE:
Merlina Hernando – Malipot. ( September 23, 2020 ) . DepEd TV, DepEd Radio eyed as
permanent programs
HALEY. (March 30, 2019 ).The educational benefits of television, a thesis paper about TV
Jane Bautista. (April 10 , 2020 ).The struggle is real’ for DepEd TV teachers
BusinessMirror.(July 3, 2021).DepEd TV channel to boost awareness on PHL history
TEMPESTA MEDIA. (July 10 2016). Benefits of using television in the classroom
Yen Cantiga.(September 9,2020) . What is TV and Radio-Based Teaching? We Asked a
Teacher-Broadcaster!