(TLMUN 2022 International) USSR The Eastern Front 1941 Research Report

THE EASTERN FRONT
1941
TLMUN 2022 INTERNATIONAL
TOPIC :
USSR RESEARCH REPORT
1, Jalan Taylors, 47500 @tlmun2022

Subang Jaya, Selangor, www.tlmun.com
Malaysia tlmunconference@gmail.com
CONTENTS
E L B A T
NOTE FROM CHAIRS
GOVERNANCE STRUCTURE
• Supreme Soviet of USSR
Supreme Soviet of the Russian Soviet
Federative Socialist Republic
Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR
High Court of the USSR
F O
USSR Council of People's Commisars
MILITARY STRENGHT AND FORCE

DEPOSITIONS
• Northern Front
Northwestern Front
Western and Reserve Fronts
Southwestern Front
Southern Front
Northern Front
DAY 1 SITUATION REPORTS (SITREPS)

Northern Front
Northwestern Front
Southwestern Front
Southern Front
Northern Front
ECONOMICS (1941 FOCUS)

The Great Turn
First Five Year Plan
Second Five Year Plan
Third Five Year Plan
Agriculture
Stakhanovites
Living and Working Conditions
GENERAL SOCIETY
Propaganda and the Cult of Stalin
Komsomol
Yezhovschina - Terror, Purges and the Show
Trials
Purges of the NKVD and Military in 1937
The Gulags

CONTENTS
E L B A T
DIPLOMATIC RELATIONS
China
Entry into the League of Nations
The Spanish Civil War
Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact
MAPPING OUT THE USSR
F O
TIMELINE OF NOTABLE EVENTS
BIBLIOGRAPHY

PAGE 1

NOTE FROM CHAIRS
Greetings Comrades!
Please excuse the bad (or rather lack thereof of) citations. In the words of one of
your CDs “Nah screw citations. Everything here is a crisis cannon and timeline now. Facts
are made up by us, inspired by true events. Trust us bro.”
A large portion of this research report comes from Carmen’s history class notes.
Many public sources and figures that Carmen found that the USSR released to its
people, especially in regards to its economic situation, have been greatly changed to
fit the past propaganda narrative. The figures quoted here are mainly based on the
works of historians Orlando Figes and Christopher Read and are at best estimates.
Please note that some information that is commonly known now (Circa 2022 when
this report is written) will not be included here as some sensitive information would
not be publicly available even within the Soviet high command. So while we will
highly encourage you to engage in further reading, do be alive to the fact that your
character might not be supposed to know certain pieces of information unavailable
to them at the time of this crisis.
PAGE 2

*Note from Chairs: Information under this section is based on the 1936 Constitution of
the Soviet Union, otherwise known as the Stalin Constitution
Supreme Soviet of the USSR

Composed of the Soviet of the Union and the Soviet of Nationalities, the Supreme
Soviet of the USSR was tasked with ensuring the representation of the USSRs diverse
population of the Union. The Soviet of Nationalities represented each republic, region
and district forming the Union. On the other hand, the Soviet Union represented every
300,000 USSR citizens. Representatives from both of the bodies that constitute the
Supreme Soviet of the USSR were elected by secret ballot.
PAGE 3

Supreme Soviet of the Russian Soviet Federative
Socialist Republic
The Supreme Soviet of Russia consisted of elected representatives from different areas
of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic.
Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR

Residing in the Kremlin, the Presidium existed (Constitutionally anyways) to establish a
group of leaders in the USSR so that the Union was never ruled by one man alone. The
Praesidium was held accountable to the High Court and the Supreme Soviet of the
USSR.
High Court of the USSR

The Supreme Court was the highest court in the USSR and was governed by the
People's Commissariat of Justice.
USSR Council of People’s Commissars (Sovnarkom)

People’s Commissars (Note, the 2022 equivalent of a minister) served as the executive
branch of government.
PAGE 4

MILITARY STRENGTH AND FORCE
DISPOSITIONS
Northern Front
Map showing force deposition in the Northern Front. An interactive version can be
found on <insert link>
On the Northern Front, we have the 7th Army, and 14th Army facing Finland. Our
main strength is focused on the Baltic region, with the 19th Rifle Corps (23rd Army),
50th Rifle Corps (23rd Army), 10th Mechanized Corps (23rd Army), 1st Mechanized
Corps, and Reserve Corps, all on the path of the German advance from East Prussia.
They are supported by naval assets from the Soviet Baltic Fleet, homeported at Riga,
Tallinn, as well as Leningrad. Front Mixed Aviation assets are also present. These are
a blend of fighters, bombers, and ground-attack aircraft.
PAGE 5

DISPOSITIONS
Northwestern Front
Map showing force deposition in the Northwestern Front. An interactive version

can be found on <insert link>
In the Northwestern Fronts, our main forces are arrayed mostly at the border, only
the 27th Army is at the 2nd Echelon reserve area. The rest of our troops, namely the
10th Rifle Corps (8th Army), 11th Rifle Corps (8th Army), 12th Mechanized Corps
(8th Army), 11th Army, 3rd Mechanized Corps (11th Army) and the 5th Airborne
Corps are all near the frontlines.
They are supported by the Front Mixed Aviation assets, consisting of fighters,
bombers and ground-attack aircraft.
PAGE 6

DISPOSITIONS
Map showing force deposition in the Western Front. An interactive version can be
On the western front, we have placed a large number of our troops. In the 1st
echelon, we have the 4th Army, 10th Army, and 3rd Army in the direct path of
advance of the Germans. In the 2nd echelon, we have the reserve units, consisting of
the 2nd Rifle Corps, 21st Rifle Corps, 44th Rifle Corps, 47th Rifle Corps, 4th
Airborne Corps, 17th Mechanized Corps, and the 20th Mechanized Corps are all
situated near Minsk.
PAGE 7

DISPOSITIONS
Map showing force deposition in the Reserve Front. An interactive version can be
On the reserve front, we have a total of 6 Armies ready to deploy and counterattack
German troop concentrations. They are the 16th Army, 19th Army, 20th Army, 21st
Army, 22nd Army, and the 24th Army. Do note that the deployment of these assets
must be done by Stavka. They will transfer these assets to the front that requested
for these units if high command deems such actions to be justified.
PAGE 8

DISPOSITIONS
Southwestern Front
Map showing force deposition in the Southwestern Front. An interactive version

can be found on <insert link>
On the southwestern front, there are troops in 2 echelons. The first echelon contains
troops from the 6th Army and the 5th Army arrayed around Lviv; the 12th Army
with mountain troops is arranged on the strategic Carpathian mountain range. The
second echelon contains troops from the front reserve. Namely the 31st Rifle Corps,
36th Rifle Corps, 49th Rifle Corps, 55th Rifle Corps, 1st Airborne Corps, and the
24th Mechanized Corps.
They are supported by Front Mixed Aviation containing bombers, fighters and
ground-attack aircraft.
PAGE 9

DISPOSITIONS
Southern Front
Map showing force deposition in the Southern Front. An interactive version can be
The Southern Front mainly has troops south of the Carpathian mountains, covering
the steppes of southern Ukraine. In this region, we have the 14th Rifle Corps, 35th
Rifle Corps, 48th Rifle Corps, 2nd Cavalry Corps, 2nd Mechanized Corps, 18th
Mechanized Corps, 7th Rifle Corps, 9th Rifle Corps, and the 3rd Airborne Corps.
They are supported by Front Mixed Aviation, consisting of fighters, bombers and
ground-attack aircraft.
In this theatre, there is also the coastal command of the black sea fleet of the soviet
navy. Home ported at Odessa and Sevastopol. They will be able to provide naval
support to the frontlines.
PAGE 10

DAY 1 SITUATION REPORTS
(SITREPS)
Northern Front
We have faced large scale assaults from along the frontline with Germany. We simply
have nothing to counter their forces, comrade. They can bring concerted firepower
to our positions, with artillery, dive-bombing airstrikes and massed tank assaults.
They have destroyed many of our frontline divisions; the 115th and 43rd rifle
divisions have a casualty rate of 50%. We have zero spare medical capacity to ferry
the wounded back to our lines. The situation at the front is absolute chaos. The rear
divisions are suffering from a lack of readiness. Some of them have not even
distributed ammunition! We cannot bring any supporting fire from the rear as much
of the communication to the frontline has been cut by the advancing Germans and we
are afraid of friendly fire. We are unsure of what the exact situation in front even is.
The Germans’ main axis of advance seems to be between the zone of operation of our
Northern Front and the Northwestern front.
The germans are fast, their leading Panzer battalions have been reported to reach
nearly 40km behind our frontier units. We advise an immediate counterattack to
reach our frontline units. Reestablishing communications with them will allow us to
gain greater situational awareness of what to do next.
In the air, we are unable to compete at all against the seasoned germans. They have
attacked our planes that are parked in neat rows for the Messerschmitts to strafe. In
the air our pilots have reported that only the slow and unmanoeuvrable Stuka Dive
Bombers are easy to attack; while their fighter pilots flying superior aircraft can out-
climb our fighters, causing us to lose almost every engagement. Their pilots also
seem better trained. The air campaign in Britain certainly improved their craft.
Reports from the Northwestern Front seem to show that we have lost close to 10%
of our aircraft in this region. The air marshal requests that we withdraw and disperse
our remaining aircraft to allow them a higher chance of survival against the never-
ending Luftwaffe attacks.
Near the Finnish frontier, we have faced probing attacks and large scale skirmishes
between the 14th Army and Finnish forces. They seem to want to advance onto the
Murmansk highway. The frontline in that region is somewhat stable; we await further
reports from that front.
PAGE 11

(SITREPS)
Northern Front
Overall the situation is desperate. We hope urgent measures by our front
commander will relieve the beleaguered and besieged troops of the front. May you
comrades decisively turn the tide on this utter barbarian invasion on our glorious
Soviet soil.
Signed, Chief Of Staff, Northern Front:

Lt. Gen. Filipp Danilovich Gorelenko
PAGE 12

(SITREPS)
Northwestern Front
We have faced large scale assaults from along the frontline with Germany. Most of
our frontier troops are decimated. The 10th Rifle division has been completely
routed from their positions, and we are unable to establish contact. The relatively
flat lands, combined with a lack of terrain obstacles meant that the German panzer
corps could make rapid advances, some reports say 30km behind the frontlines. The
true depth may be greater, but we are unable to verify such reports due to a lack of
communications from the front. We suggest an immediate retreat to the Neman
Rivers and fortify our position there.
The Germans have superior tactics, comrade. Our positions that were spread thinly
were easily broken through. They start with artillery, followed by airstrikes and soon
the tanks roll across. 50 to 100 tanks at a time comrade. Our troops often were shell
shocked and were unable to respond effectively. The panzers moved with such speed
that our reinforcements to the front ended up engaging the panzers 10km from
where they were last contacted. The troops reported that the Germans have high
morale, and fight furiously. Many of our troops retreated without orders and now
have contributed to the absolute chaos that is the frontline.
Our supply depots have been targeted by concentrated German air attacks. We are
unable to bring many of the stockpiled armaments to the front to reinforce our units.
Units such as the 11th Army are still at peacetime strength, we request that urgent
reinforcements from other fronts be brought in to stabilise the frontline. We also
face a severe shortage of field radio equipment, making tactical coordination
between units impossible across such a wide front.
We have lost hundreds of aircraft, comrade. The front air marshal estimates that
close to 10% of our plane numbers in the Baltic region have been rendered
inoperable. He recommends that we disperse our airforce to bases further east.
Comrade, I must caution against such actions, as we might be court-martialed for
cowardice.
We suspect that their main axis of advance is towards Riga and Tallinn. The Baltic
Fleet commander has telegraphed to me that he is ready to provide naval-artillery
support if we were ever pushed with our backs against the sea. So far reports from
the 8th Army and 23rd Army are not promising.
PAGE 13

(SITREPS)
Northwestern Front
They have driven a wedge between our lines, if the frontier troops do not withdraw
immediately, they will face serious risks of encirclement. Communication with lead
elements of the 23rd army was lost today at 1200hrs. We are unable to effectively
contact the troops on the Northern Front and are unable to coordinate any
counterattacks to strike at the German flanks.
We face severe shortages of all manner of items. We hope the Stavka can send in
reinforcements as soon as possible. The situation at the front is desperate, but we
will fight to the last, comrade. For the glory of the revolution.
Signed, Chief Of Staff, Northwestern Front:

Col. Gen. Nikolai Erastovich Berzarin
PAGE 14

(SITREPS)
Comrade, we are facing major German offensives all across the front. Their main
forces seem to be focused to the north of the Pripyat marshes. They have deployed
vast numbers of tanks and troops in that region. The front line of the 3rd Army seems
to be able to hold and stabilise the situation. They were the only units with
comprehensive artillery support, with proper forward observers and
communications equipment. Yet for some absurd reason comrade, the frontline
artillery commanders have told us they had orders not to conduct fire missions on
the enemy positions. They said it came from comrade Stalin himself. Comrade, please
verify this order for us, if untrue, I will have them shot by the NKVD.
The Germans have vastly superior tactics, comrade. Our field coordination and
ability to counterattack are heavily hampered, as they always seem to be able to
strike deep and disrupt the troops forming up for the attack. Their use of airpower
with artillery forced many of our frontline units to conduct an orderly withdrawal
towards rear positions.
The Germans have superior tank forces, comrade. We sent in many tank divisions
from our 11th Mechanized corps to conduct attacks, but our BTR-7s and T-26s were
unable to penetrate the armour of the German Panzer IIIs and Panzer IVs. There are
horrible losses, comrade. The 29th Tank division’s forward battalions have been
completely decimated in combat around Białystok. The poor logistical support for
the mechanized corps meant that many tanks were abandoned on the way to the
battle, lacking spare parts for repairs. The weak gun and poor shell design do not
help either. Most shots on target only shatter on contact with german armour. We
request reinforcements of the newest models of T34 and KV1 tanks with heavy
logistical support, including spare parts, fuel, armoured recovery vehicles, as well as
maintenance crews. We want tanks at the front, not metal coffins, comrade.
We have suffered horrendous air losses, comrade. The air marshal for the western
front estimated that nearly 50% of our planes are gone. This means our troops will
lack any semblance of air cover during withdrawal or offensive operations. The air
marshal suggests that you urgently request reinforcements of squadrons from other
military districts and fronts.
PAGE 15

(SITREPS)
The 4th and 10th Armies are not doing well comrade. They reported the same
situation as the 3rd Army. Superior tactics, lack of readiness, and poor command and
control on the frontlines caused many of the army commanders to try to restore a
semblance of order on the front to no avail. We also suffered key tactical defeats on
the first day. Key bridges across the Bug river have been seized intact by the German
Brandenburg division. The engineer who was ordered to blow up the bridge arrived
late and found tanks already across the river. He has been found guilty of cowardice
and was shot on the spot.
The whole front is in chaos, front assets near Minsk should be deployed forward
immediately, and fortify the Minsk-Białystok highway. We suspect that the Germans
need this good road for any offensive operation further into Byelorussia SSR. The
autumn rains will come soon, and the Rasputitsa means that control of road and rail
will be crucial to supply our troops. The supply situation across the front is also in
abysmal shape. The key army depots have all been targeted by German air attacks,
meaning even basic materials such as food, fuel and ammunition are
unable to be distributed in large quantities. Trainloads of this material are needed

urgently, comrade.
Comrade, the front is in a dire situation. We expect the Germans to be able to break
through our lines within the next 20hrs. May the workers of the world unite and fight
to the bitter end to resist this fascist invasion.
Signed, Chief Of Staff, Western Front:

Lt. Gen. Vasily Ivanovich Kuznetsov
PAGE 16

(SITREPS)
Special communique by the Stavka:
Comrade, the reserve front has been bombarded with requests to send
reinforcements. But we have not received our direct orders from the Stavka for us to
move out. We believe that we must maintain our reserves at a high level of readiness,
and not commit prematurely. I believe that we should wait for the fronts to stabilize
and counterattack German salients. For us to squander our armies to gain a tactical
victory at the cost of our strategic defeat would be criminal mismanagement and
utter incompetence.
Rest assured comrade, preparations are all underway. Ammunition, food, fuel and
various field equipment have been distributed. All commanders are recalled from
leave. We are drawing up OPSORDERS for the forward deployment of our forces. In
the Stavka, we must be careful not to squander our most precious field armies.
We have the man and material, now it's all about using it in the right manner. A
manner that will allow us to repulse the German invaders. Do not let the chaos of war
cloud your judgement. We must remain calm, for it is a clear mind that can fend off
panic in the ranks.
Comrade, I wish you all the best. May your strategic acumen allow for the timely
deployment of our forces. Lead us to victory comrade, may the invaders pay for
soviet soil with their blood.
Signed, Chief of the General Staff, overall command of Reserve front:

Marshal of the Soviet Union; Georgy Konstantinovich Zhukov
PAGE 17

(SITREPS)
Southwestern Front
Bad day comrade. The frontlines have completely disintegrated around Lviv. The
Germans can bring huge amounts of fire onto our static positions, decimating lead
elements of the 5th and 6th Armies. They are forced into a hasty retreat. We are
unable to establish communications with the 15th and 27th rifle corps.
Our front aviation has also been repeatedly hit by German air attacks. The front air
marshal estimates that close to 17% of all our aircraft has been decimated and
destroyed in the relentless air attacks. Horrific losses comrade, hundreds of planes
were gone in an instant. The long-range bombers ordered to take to the sky to bomb
the german columns were all shot down. They recommend we disperse the airforce
and take time to reorganise the squadrons. It would leave our troops with no air
cover, but the air marshal said we have not many other choices.
This front seems to be the focus of the second main German advance, namely one to
the south of the Pripyat marshes. They have deployed large numbers of tanks and
armoured forces in this direction of advance. They have been able to cripple our
ability to conduct a fighting withdrawal as they constantly struck deep with their
panzer corps. Our troop morale is low, and we must inspire our men to stand their
ground and never back down for the glory of the motherland.
Their speed, however, is terrifying. We have reports of frontline SS divisions

punching close to 50km into our lines on this very day. It is not promising. But
comrade, we must stand firm. If the 5th and 6th armies were allowed to withdraw,
the 12th army holding the key strategic position on the Carpathian mountains will be
outflanked; forcing us to give up a key position that can halt the German advance.
The troops have asked for counterattacks to help them gain breathing space.
Comrade, I urge you to order the 24th Mechanized Corps to counterattack near Lviv.
It will help slow down the advance and maybe even push them back.
Comrade Stalin has ordered that Kyiv be held at any cost. You must start preparing a
stalwart defence of the capital of the Ukrainian SSR. We suspect that the Germans
will be attempting to advance down the Lviv-Zhytomyr-Kyiv highway. The defence of
this vital supply roadway has to be accomplished at any cost. Get the Stavka to grant
you additional man and material, there is no time to spare for deliberation.
PAGE 18

(SITREPS)
Southwestern Front
Comrade, we must believe in the state for a glorious revolution depended on their
success. We now must defend our socialist utopia to the last man. We may have to
give our lives, but we will be martyrs in the revolution for the workers around the
world. Comrade, break these fascist animals and lead us to victory in our great
patriotic war!
Signed, Chief Of Staff, Southwestern Front:

Front commissar, Nikita Sergeyevich Khrushchev
PAGE 19

(SITREPS)
Southern Front
We face large scale attacks all across the front. They do not seem to be German for
the most part. We have encountered larger numbers of Italians and Romanians than
Germans. Regardless, they have shown that they are tenacious, with their fighting
spirit high. Their primary concern seems to be towards the direction of key black sea
seaports, namely Odessa and Sevastopol in the Crimea peninsula.
Due to the rugged terrain and lacklustre commitment of their forces, the front here
remains largely stable. But there are still breakthroughs, especially near the
concerning salient centred around Botosani. If the Germans were to rush in through
that gap, there would be a wedge between the southwestern front and the southern
front. We must not allow this to occur. Therefore I highly recommend that we
coordinate with the southwestern front to send our reserves to this region and
counterattack the exposed axis lines.
The current situation despite its relative calm is highly precarious. Large amounts of
Turkish chrome ore come to the soviet union from our black sea trade routes. We
request that the black sea fleet be sortied to conduct convoy missions and patrol the
region for German submarines. Our strategic supply of chrome ore must not be
disrupted. Our land forces while being able to hold on for now lack defensible
terrain. Falling back from our current lines means fighting the german tanks in the
open Ukrainian steppe. This terrain will only aid the more mobile German panzer
forces, causing most of our troops to be outmanoeuvred.
Should the defences to our north collapse, German armies could swing south and
trap the whole of the fronts units near Odessa. We do not have even close to the sea
transport capabilities to evacuate the whole of the southern front out of a single
port. I again stress the need to hold on to our current defensive positions, as the
strategic implications are dire. Should the axis launch concerted operations in this
region, we most certainly will not be able to halt their advance. We need more
defensive earthworks, more troops and more naval support.
Comrade, I believe you will be able to command our forces to victory over these
invaders of our glorious homeland. We will fight and we will hold fast. Glory to
comrade Stalin.
Signed, Chief Of Staff, Southern Front:

Col. Gen. Pavel Alexeyevich Belov
PAGE 20

The Great Turn
First Five Year Plan (October 1928 - December 1932)
Led by Gosplan, our glorious central planning and economic branch, Comrade Stalin’s
brilliant First Five Year Plan transformed heavy industries such as coal, oil, steel and
electricity. During this time, many industrial towns such as Magnitogorsk in the
Southern Urals boomed in popularity. Magnitogorsk's pollution shot up to 250,000 by
1932. In tandem with mass collectivisation, our plan spearheaded the mechanisation of
agriculture to end the kulaks. By the end of the First Five Year Plan, 75,000 state-of-
the-art tractors amongst other agricultural machinery were built for the collectivised
farms.
Second Five Year Plan (January 1933 - December 1937)

The second Five Year Plan focused on transport, the Moscow-Volga Canal and the
Moscow Metro train lines were established in this period and allowed for greater
accessibility of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic. Aeroflot, the national
aviation system, allowed for the transportation of cargo internationally.
Third Five Year Plan (January 1938 - June 1941)

In preparation for the imminent war, we have weaponized the Third Five Year Plan to
arm the USSR. Armament factories were tactically built in the Siberian and Ural regions,
away from major cities and houses of governance.
PAGE 21

Agriculture
Comrade, I am proud to report that the extermination of the disgusting kulaks (medium
to higher income peasants) as a class has been extremely successful. We began the
process of collectivising the farms in 1928 where we would seize farmland, resulting in
mega-state owned collective farms (kolkhoz). Peasants could also work in state farms
(sovkhoz) where they would be paid a wage. The scum kulaks who resisted the
liquidation of their bourgeois farms were sent to the gulags. I am delighted to report
that an estimated 1.5 million kulaks were deported to the gulags from 1928 to 1934.
Unfortunately, many kulaks destroyed their own livestock and farms, killing 60 million
sheep and goats, 17 million horses, 26 million cows and 11 million pigs.
The Great Famine of 1932 - Holodomor

Poor weather conditions and the rising Ukrainian Independence Movement resulted in
many Ukrainian farmers being too weak to achieve our targets. To punish the resistance
shown by farmers in the Ukraine to collectivisation, we channelled food and common
commodities produced in Ukraine to other parts of the USSR and cut rations to Ukraine
between 1932 and 1933. We have turned away international food resulting to squash
the rebellion, 5 million of the traitor Ukrainians perished.
Stakhanovites
A momentous occasion occurred on the 30th of August 1935, coal miner Comrade
Alexei Stakhanov mined fourteen times more coal than his daily quota and was
launched into the limelight as the model Soviet worker. We promoted Comrade
Stakhanov’s achievement in the Pravda and ordered workers to replicate and set an
example of Stakhanov, starting off the Stakhanovite Movement. I am proud to report
that labour productivity increased due to the movement by an astounding 82% during
the duration of the second five-year plan. Taking inspiration from the movement, we
have made absenteeism illegal and repeated offenders were sent to labour camps.
PAGE 22

Living and Working Conditions
Due to our overwhelming success with our hard industries, many major urban areas
started to become massively overcrowded. In 1929 alone, 50,0000 peasants were
reported to have migrated from rural regions of the USSR to major cities in the Russian
Soviet Federative Socialist Republic. Despite issues with housing, I am happy to report
that healthcare generally improved since the establishment of new hospitals across the
USSR.
PAGE 23

GENERAL SOCIETY
Propaganda and the Cult of Stalin
Comrade Stalin’s “Personality Cult” carefully engineered through state media started
long before his appointment as General Secretary. We have reached the masses
through the public newspapers Izvestiya and Pravda. This was used with great effect by
Comrade Stalin who openly criticised the proponents of collectivisation to be “Dizzy
with Success” in an article in Pravda, currying favour with peasants who were sceptical
of the plan. A particular style of art that was highly promoted was Socialist Realism. In
contrast to the indulgent West, Socialist Realism was constructed to be relatable to the
proletariat, it would depict everyday scenes of people at work and family and support
the state’s ideals. Lavish Western influences such as Jazz music and abstract art were
banned. The theme of Socialist Realism was not only restricted to paint mediums, the
1928 film October (Ten Days that Shook the World) by brilliant creative Comrade
Sergei Eisenstein illustrates our magnificent fight of Order Number One, the July Days
and the October Revolution.
We have also experienced great success since primary education was made compulsory
in 1930. The children will, of course, be taught the basics such as Russian, history and
Marxist theory. The literacy rate throughout the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist
Republic increased from 51% in 1926 to 88% in 1939.
Komsomol
Established in 1926, Komsomol (The Young League of Communists) was the gateway for
young people from 10-28 to enter the Communist Party. Komsomol members reached
around 25,000 in the early 1930s due to the popularity of after-school Komsomol
activities and camps. Young Komsomol members were asked to promote the Five Year
Plans and Russian pop culture to their friends and family.
Yezhovshchina - Terror, Purges and the Show Trials

Following the turn of the winter months in 1936, Comrade Stalin launched his “Final
destruction of all enemies of the USSR”, the Yezhovshchina, or the Great Terror. The
murder of Sergei Kirov in 1934, an up-and-coming member of the party, shone light on a
potential conspiracy to overthrow our glorious party by Comrade Stalin's key political
rivals.
PAGE 24

GENERAL SOCIETY
Known collectively as the Moscow Trials, the series of highly publicised trials targeted
many Lenin-era Bolsheviks pig scum traitors to the Union who claim themselves to be
the “United Opposition” who openly conspired against and opposed Comrade Stalin
after Comrade Lenin’s death. Most of the defendants were charged guilty under Article
58 of the Russian Penal Code for conspiracy to assassinate Comrade Stalin and
threaten the security of the USSR.
Some of the most prominent show trials include:
The Trial of the 16 - Execution of Grigory Zinoviev, Lev Kamenev and their
supporters in 1936
The Trial of the 17 - Execution of the Trotskyites in 1937
The Trial of the 21 - Execution of Nikolai Bukharin, Alexei Rykov, Genrikh Yagoda
and their supporters in 1938
Purges of the NKVD and the Military in 1937

Although the People's Commissariat for Internal Affairs (NKVD), which controlled the
USSR's “secret police” who were instrumental in the Great Terror, the NKVD itself was
not spared from the purges. Approximately 20,000 NKVD Officers were purged. The
Head of the NKVD Genrikh Yagoda was replaced by Nikolai Yexhov in 1936 and
followed by Lavrentiy Beria in 1938, acting as the People’s Commissar of the Interior.
To erase any influence of the traitorous Trotsky, even the military themselves could not
escape scrutiny. Comrade Stalin distrusted the military as many of the experienced top
commanders were appointed by Trotsky during his term as the Commissar for War. One
such individual was Mikhail Tukhachevsky, the Chief of General Staff Marshal who was
executed for treason along with 35,000 of his men.
The Gulags
The gulags were a series of corrective labour camps spread throughout the USSR
concentrated in rural regions in Siberia. Problematic members of society such as kulaks,
political and religious prisoners, rogue academics and criminals would be sent to the
gulags to face hard forced labour. Records from early 1941 estimate that the 53
established gulags housed 8 million prisoners.
*Do note that “the gulags” in this case refers to the camps themselves and not the “Main
Administration Body of the Camps”
PAGE 25

DIPLOMATIC RELATIONS
China
Since the founding of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP), Comrade Stalin supported
the CCP to ally itself with the nationalists, a move that was hugely unpopular within the
soviet high command in toppling the ruling government. Factors such as the poor
economic condition of the nation and the Second Sino-Japanese War turned public
opinion in favour of the CCP. The unstable alliance came to a halt on the 5th of January
1941, when the nationalists ambushed the communist New Fourth Army.
Entry into the League of Nations

The USSR finally gained entry into the League of Nations in September 1934 after
facing great suspicion from the western powers leading the reins of the League. The
USSR’s membership in the League however was not very long-lived as it expelled the
USSR in December 1939 in response to the USSR's invasion of Finland.
The Spanish Civil War

The Spanish Civil War fought from 1936 to 1939 provided a space for the USSR to
assert its control over overseas communist forces. The NKVD shadowed the Soviet
military to Spain and provided arms supplies and financial support to the Republicans
led by the Socialist Union Workers' General Union and the Communist Party of Spain.
Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact
Nazi-Soviet diplomatic relations have existed since the Rapallo Treaty of 1922 which
developed into the Treaty of Berlin 1926 which was a non-aggression pact between the
two powers. On the 23rd of August 1939, USSR and the German Reich agreed to the
Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact which laid down agreements for non-aggression. The treaty
outlined the plan to regain some of the territories that were stolen by the Treaty of
Brest-Litovsk and invade and divide Poland. The pact allowed the USSR to annex Latvia,
Estonia and Lithuania.
PAGE 26

MAPPING OUT THE USSR
Please use this link to access a general economic map of the USSR (Map above)
PAGE 27

TIMELINE OF NOTABLE EVENTS
*Please note that this timeline starts at the beginning of Stalin’s tenure as the Secretary-
General, we would encourage you to read up on the previous historical landmarks of the
USSR
PAGE 28
BIBLIOGRAPHY
1. Article 58, Criminal Code of the RSFSR (1934). (1934). Retrieved from
Cyberussr.com website: http://www.cyberussr.com/rus/uk58-e.html
2. Bayerische Staatsbibliothek - Digitale Bibliothek, Münchener
Digitalisierungszentrum. (1939). Faksimile Nichtangriffsvertrag zwischen
Deutschland und der Union der Sozialistischen Sowjetrepubliken, 23. August 1939 /
Bayerische Staatsbibliothek (BSB, München). Retrieved from 1000dokumente.de
website: https://www.1000dokumente.de/index.html?
c=dokument_de&dokument=0025_pak&object=facsimile&pimage=1&v=100&nav=
&l=de
3. J.V. Stalin. (1930). Dizzy with Success. Retrieved from Marxists.org website:
https://www.marxists.org/reference/archive/stalin/works/1930/03/02.htm
4. Конституция (Основной закон) СССР в редакции от 1 марта 1941 г. (2022).
Retrieved from Garant.ru website: http://constitution.garant.ru/history/ussr-
rsfsr/1936/red_1936/3958682/
5. Stalin. (1935). Speech at the First All-Union Conference of Stakhanovites. Retrieved
from Marxists.org website:
https://www.marxists.org/reference/archive/stalin/works/1935/11/17.htm

(TLMUN 2022 International) USSR The Eastern Front 1941 Research Report

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THE EASTERN FRONT

USSR RESEARCH REPORT

1, Jalan Taylors, 47500 @tlmun2022

MILITARY STRENGHT AND FORCE

DAY 1 SITUATION REPORTS (SITREPS)

ECONOMICS (1941 FOCUS)

1, Jalan Taylors, 47500 @tlmun2022

MAPPING OUT THE USSR

1, Jalan Taylors, 47500 @tlmun2022

TLMUN 2022 INTERNATIONAL

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Supreme Soviet of the USSR

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Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR

High Court of the USSR

USSR Council of People’s Commissars (Sovnarkom)

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Map showing force deposition in the Northwestern Front. An interactive version

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Map showing force deposition in the Southwestern Front. An interactive version

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Signed, Chief Of Staff, Northern Front:

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Signed, Chief Of Staff, Northwestern Front:

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unable to be distributed in large quantities. Trainloads of this material are needed

Signed, Chief Of Staff, Western Front:

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Signed, Chief of the General Staff, overall command of Reserve front:

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Their speed, however, is terrifying. We have reports of frontline SS divisions

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Signed, Chief Of Staff, Southwestern Front:

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Signed, Chief Of Staff, Southern Front:

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Second Five Year Plan (January 1933 - December 1937)

Third Five Year Plan (January 1938 - June 1941)

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The Great Famine of 1932 - Holodomor

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Yezhovshchina - Terror, Purges and the Show Trials

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Some of the most prominent show trials include:

Purges of the NKVD and the Military in 1937

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Entry into the League of Nations

The Spanish Civil War

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Cyberussr.com website: http://www.cyberussr.com/rus/uk58-e.html

2. Bayerische Staatsbibliothek - Digitale Bibliothek, Münchener

Digitalisierungszentrum. (1939). Faksimile Nichtangriffsvertrag zwischen

Bayerische Staatsbibliothek (BSB, München). Retrieved from 1000dokumente.de