RESEARCH DESIGNS AND SAMPLING

PROCEDURE
GROUP 1
MARC ALLEN M. YALA
JUNE MATT SYMON S. ARAN
PRINCE EUGENE D. CATUNGAL
IVAN RAY M. GABIT
CHRISTIENE ANDREI TIMOTHY M. MARQUEZ 11-EMBRAER
LEIF DENVER S. MURILLO PRACTICAL RESEARCH 1
BENDREN DAN AZIER S. YSULAN MS. MENCHIE SOLIDUM
Grounded Theory

derives a general abstract theory of

a process, action, or interaction
grounded in the views

ACCORDING TO CRESSWELL
(2019)
PHENOMENOLOGICAL RESEARCH

IDENTIFIES THE ESSENCE OF HUMAN EXPERIENCES

ABOUT A PHENOMENON

ACCORDING TO CRESSWELL
(2019)
CASE STUDY
explores in depth a
program, event, activity,
process, or one or more
individuals

ACCORDING TO CRESSWELL
(2019)
 ETHNOGRAPHIC
RESEARCH
studies an intact cultural group in a natural
setting

ACCORDING TO CRESSWELL
(2019)
 NARRATIVE
RESEARCH

studies the lives of individuals

ACCORDING TO CRESSWELL
(2019)
 ACTION
RESEARCH

examines the practice

rigorously
Historical Research

makes use of past records to

understand the events, situations,
and problems which transpired in
the past
 SAMPLING
"the process of selecting a number of individuals for a study
either qualitative or quantitative in such a way that the
individuals represent the larger group from which they were
selected"
ACCORDING TO HAFIZAH
HAJIMIA (2014)
According to Arce (2001), the more common types of
key informant samples are:

TYPICAL,
REPRESENTATIVE,
SNOWBALL,
CRITERION, &
OPPORTUNITY
ACCORDING TO ARCE (2001),
TYPES OF NONPROBABILITY SAMPLES
TYPES OF NONPROBABILITY SAMPLES

1. Purposive Samples

To draw a purposive sample, a researcher begins with

specific perspectives in mind that he or she wishes to
examine and then seeks out research participants who
cover that full range of perspectives
TYPES OF NONPROBABILITY SAMPLES

2. Snowball Samples
Qualitative researchers sometimes rely on snowball sampling
techniques to identify study participants. In this case, a researcher
might know of one or two people she’d like to include in her study but
then relies on those initial participants to help identify additional
study participants.
 Snowball Sampling

is sometimes referred to as chain referral sampling.

One research participant refers to another, and that
person refers to another, and that person refers to
another—thus a chain of potential participants is
identified.
TYPES OF NONPROBABILITY SAMPLES

3. Quota Samples
When conducting quota
sampling, a researcher
identifies categories that are
important to the study and for
which there is likely to be
some variation.
TYPES OF NONPROBABILITY SAMPLES

4. Convenience Samples
To draw a convenient sample, a researcher simply collects data from
those people or other relevant elements to which he or she has the
most convenient access. This method, also sometimes referred to as
haphazard sampling, is the most useful in exploratory research.
 SAMPLE TYPES FOR QUALITATIVE RESEARCH

Convenience/ Opportunity - Locate people

who are available for the study for your
convenience.

Ethnographer's Sample - Consider

people, places, contexts, times, and
events.

Interviewer’s Sample - Consider people,

places, and times.

Content Analyst’s Sample - Consider

media and dates.
 THANK YOU!

GROUP 1
MARC ALLEN M. YALA
JUNE MATT SYMON S. ARAN
PRINCE EUGENE D. CATUNGAL
IVAN RAY M. GABIT
CHRISTIENE ANDREI TIMOTHY M. MARQUEZ 11-EMBRAER
LEIF DENVER S. MURILLO PRACTICAL RESEARCH 1
BENDREN DAN AZIER S. YSULAN MS. MENCHIE SOLIDUM