Unit One

MOBILITY (n) tính di động

A. READING SKILL
Warm-up. Pair work.
Look at the following pictures and answer these questions.
1. What are these places called?
2. What do people go to shopping centres or ATM booths for?
3. How can people pay for things they buy?

Picture 1.

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 Picture 2.
Comprehension Check
Cash, card or mobile phone?
Right now, retailers need to get to grips with the dawn of contactless payment.
In the past week, there has been a raft of announcements and news on alternative
payment methods. Technologists everywhere are still convinced that they can come
up with something better than cash for smaller transactions.
The alternative method that retailers must consider in the immediate future is
contactless payment. A few stores in London have gone live with the Barclaycard (1.1)
Business contactless payment system already, more than 1,000 other sites have
signed up to use it, and 3,000 consumers have registered their interest in the system’s (2.2)
OnePulse contactless card.
A recent YouGov survey commissioned by an ATM operator highlighted that (2.3)
consumers have fraud concerns about contactless payment. Yet, similar surveys of
online shopping also tend to highlight significant fraud fears, while the number of (1.2)
people and volume of their online transactions continues to grow.
In the longer term, the techies are still betting on the mobile phone becoming the new (1.3)
wallet. PayPal has gone live with a mobile payment system already. Others are still
very much a work in progress; such as the mobile payment system dubbed GPay
which Google has filed a patent for.
Another, PayForIt, is a mobile payment scheme for transactions under £10 that all (1.4)
five major mobile network operators have signed up to. At present, it is only really
being used to pay for mobile phone content. However, the plan is to expand this, so
consumers can make payments to online retailers when they access their sites via
mobile phone.
If this seems far-fetched, just take a look at some of the retailers that have registered
for .mobi Internet domains – a type of web site address that highlights the fact that
the site has been optimised for viewing on a mobile device.

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It is good practice to buy any domain that may pertain to your brand. However, it is
interesting to note that innovative retailers such as Amazon and Tesco have already
secured domains that will allow them to launch mobile-optimised sites, should they
wish. (1.5)

KEY WORDS AND PHRASES (appearing in the order of the text)

get to grips with sth (vph): bắt đầu nắm bắt, tìm hiểu
the dawn of sth (nph): buổi bình minh/ sự khởi đầu/ ra đời của…
contactless payment (nph): thanh toán trực tuyến/ trên máy
a raft of sth (nph) : số lượng lớn/ rất nhiều…
come up with (vph) : tìm thấy/ đưa ra (sáng kiến, ý tưởng…)
immediate future (nph): tương lai trước mắt
go live with sth (vph): đang triển khai/ thực hiện/ lên sóng
in the longer term (prephr): về lâu dài
techies (German) (n): những người giỏi kỹ thuật
a work in progress (nph) : công việc đang triển khai
file a patent for sth (vph): nộp hồ sơ đăng ký bản quyền sáng chế/ sở hữu trí tuệ
far-fetched (a) : còn xa, còn lâu mới đạt được
mobile-optimised (a): được tối ưu hóa cho điện thoại di động

Task 1. Are these statements true (T) or false (F)? Write T or F in each blank.
T
1. _____ The Barclaycard Business contactless payment system is already being used
in London.
F
2. _____ Contactless payment systems carry a greater fraud risk than online
shopping.
3. _____
T It is likely that mobiles will be increasingly used for making payments.
4. _____
T In fact, phone bills have been paid on mobile phone for some time.
F
5. _____ Major retailers are not prepared for mobile-optimised shopping.
Task 2. Who does this? Find a suitable subject (people/ things) in the text for the
sentences below.
1. ………………….. can invent a new form of payment instead of paper money.
2. …………………. are able to pay by OnePulse card. more than 1,000 other sites have signed up to
use it, and 3,000 consumers
3. …………………. has had a YouGov survey done lately on contactless payment.
an ATM operator highlighted
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4. …………………. are not sure if the mobile phone can become a new wallet.
5. …………………. is one of many powerful online payment systems nowadays.
Task 3. Fill in the summary below with NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS
taken from the text.
PayForIt is a mobile payment service that has been in use by all five big
mobile network (1)………………… in the UK. Their customers can already pay (2)
………………. bills on the smart phone. They also wish to pay to (3) ………………
whenever they do online shopping. By now, some retailers have had their own .mobi
(4) …………………….., which means that shoppers can view the goods on sale right
on their mobile (5) ………………..

B. LISTENING SKILL

Task 1. Listen to Kate, a sales assistant in a TopTech branch. She is giving

Antonia Gomez some advice on how to update her mobile technology.
Listen TWICE and then fill in the gaps in the sentences below. There is ONE
WORD or A NUMBER for each gap.
1 Characteristics of the SuperMobs 360 3G phone:
1. This phone is GSM and GPRS enabled, so you can enjoy ________, ________
and ____________________ services.
2. You can also browse the Internet because it’s __________ __________.
3. You have to __________ the database at your office if you want to download
customer orders.
4. The battery may last as long as _________ _________.
5. With the GPS on your phone, it’s easy to _________ _________ __________
easily.

2 Characteristics of the Silver Lite A2:

6. It’s much easier to use a _________ __________ than the tiny keys on a hand-held
device.
7. The laptop has _________ broadband.
8. It is also __________ __________ so you can access the Internet in a coffee shop,
on a train or at an airport.
9. You can use it wherever you are because it has all the _________ you need for
your work.
10. Among the lightest laptops on the market, it weighs merely ________ ________.

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Task 2. 3 Listen to John, another sales assistant, introducing to Antonia
about GPS and GeoMarketing. You listen TWICE.

Decide if the following statements are True or False. Write T or F in each blank.
1. _____ Most smart phones are GPS enabled so it is possible to locate where their
users are.
2. _____ GPS also assists retailers: They can track what businesses and services the
users are near.
3. _____ GeoMarketing is an advanced application that assists only the retailer.
4. _____ Pizza lovers can locate a pizza shop near them without registering as a
member of that shop’s website.
5. _____ The actual location of the mobile device can be calculated within 60 meters.

C. LANGUAGE FOCUS
Passive Voice
Passive sentences are very common in technical writing when we are more interested
in facts, process, and events (actions) than in people (doers).
Form
S + be (is, was, is being, have been…) + P2 (Past Participle)

• The past participle of regular verbs ends in –ed (looked, painted, worked)
• The past participle of irregular verbs has different forms (been, cut, found…)
and needs learning by heart.

Active: S------------V------------0
Passive : O lam S+ to be P2+ by +S
You expand the central exchange. (active)
The central exchange is expanded. (passive)
Use
1. We use the Present Passive to talk about facts or processes that occur regularly.
E.g. Public Data Networks are designed for data transmission.
2. We use the Past Passive to talk about past events.
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 E.g. Automatic exchange was invented by Almon B. Strowger.
Task 1. Make sentences from the table below. In some cases, you can make both
an active and a passive sentence. No 0 has been done for you.
E.g. You expand the central exchange. (active)
Or The central exchange is expanded. (passive)

mở rộng tổng đài trung tâm

Agent Action Object Adverbial

0 You expand the central exchange
mạch trung kế 1 The junction circuits use PCM mainly
2 SPC exchanges serve both areas
3 They install cabinets in the local area
4 We route traffic directly to a GSC trự tiếp tới

5 An open-wire line connect the subscriber to the DP

đường dây trần kết nối
thuê bao
PCM is mainly used by the junction
1. ………………………………………………………………………………………. circuits

………………………………………………………………………………………….
2. …………………………………………………………………………….................
Both areas are served for SPC exchanges

………………………………………………………………………………………….
3. ……………………………………………………………………………………….
Cabinets are installed in the local area
………………………………………………………………………………………….
4. …………………………………………………………………………….................
Traffic is routed directly to a GSC
………………………………………………………………………………………….
5. ……………………………………………………………………………………….
the subscriber is connected by an open-wire line to the DP
………………………………………………………………………………………….

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 Task 2. Use the appropriate forms of verbs in brackets to complete the
sentences below.
1. In the trunk network, all non-local calls (set up) _______________
are set up via a GSC and
the main network.
2. India’s first earth station (build) _______________
was built in Arvi towards the end of the
1960s and seven others quickly followed in Delhi.
is defined
3. Local Area Network (define) _____________ as a transmission and switching
provides
system that (provide) ______________ high-speed communication between devices
located on a single site.
is
4. To reduce the number of cables, the local network usually (divide)
_____________
divided into three parts.
5. Recently, tests (carry) _______________
have been carried out with different solutions in most
industrialized countries.

Task 3. Change the following sentences below into the Passive Voice.
1. Telecoms companies normally set up all non-local calls via a GSC.
All non-local calls are set up via a GSC by Telecoms companies
...............................................................................………............................................
2. A machine has dug up the road in my neighbourhood in order to lay a TV cable.
The road in my neighbourhood has been dug up by a machine in order to lay a TV cable.
...............................................................................………............................................
3. BSky Group placed two new exchanges near their old exchanges in Camden Town
last month.
Two new exchanges were placed by BSky Group near their old exchanges in Camden Town last month.
...............................................................................………............................................
4. The RSS switches the call to the designated cabinet.
The call is switched to the designated cabinet by the RSS.
...............................................................................………............................................
5. All five major mobile network operators have signed up to PayForIt, a mobile
payment scheme for transactions under £10.
PayForIt, a mobile...............................................................................………..............................................
payment scheme for transactions under £10 , has been signed up by all five major mobile network
operators .
D. WRITING SKILL
Sentence Building

Exam advice for building up a complete sentence from given words

 - Add more words, do not omit any. Keep the words’ position unchanged.
 - Base on the time expressions to decide what verb tense to use:
+ Adverbs of Frequency (always, usually, sometimes, never….) are the signals
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 of the present simple tense.
+ Last…, …. ago are signals of the past simple tense.
+ Next… is the signal of the future tense.
+ Just, already, for, since, for the last…, for the past… are signals of the
present perfect tense.
 - Add to be if necessary, never add other verbs.
 - Add articles (a, an, the) where necessary.
 - Add prepositions (in, on, at, for…)
 - Add –s/ es to plural nouns.
 - Add possessive adjectives before nouns (my/ your/ her/ his/ …) or change
pronouns into possessive adjectives.
 - Use the correct structure basing on the given verbs.
E.g. To allow + sb + to V(inf)
A number of + plural noun
 - Use relative pronouns which/ that/ who to produce complex sentences.
 - Add comma (,) if necessary.

Task 1. Build up simple sentences from the given words or word phrases.
1. There/ be/ great / increase/ number / subscribers/ during/ last ten years/.
………………………………………………………………………………………….
2. Centre/ be designed/ handle/ 300 / simultaneous/ calls/ 2,500 subscribers/.
………………………………………………………………………………………….
3. Number/ subscribers/ be protected/ against/ calls/ subscribers/ outside/ group.
…………………………………………………………………………………………
4. It / necessary/ find/ way/ link up/ subscriber/.
…………………………………………………………………………………………
5. communications networks/ can/ classified/ public communications
network/dedicated communications network/ mobile communications network/.
………………………………………………………………………………………….
………………………………………………………………………………………….

Task 2. Build up complex sentences from the given words or word phrases.
1. Mobile app/ computer program/that/ designed to run/ mobile device such as a
smartphone or tablet computer.
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………………………………………………………………………………………….
2. Consumer/ still/ wait/ for/ widespread use/video phone/ first/ demonstrate/ 30
year/ ago.
………………………………………………………………………………………….
3. first/ computer/ be built/ fifty year/ ago and it/ only in the last thirty/year/ that their
influence/ affect/ life.
………………………………………………………………………………………….
………………………………………………………………………………………….
4. When/ computer/ turn on, / it/ search/ instruction/ memory.
…………………………………………………………………………………………
5. If /computer system/ not/ work properly/ information/ stored on it/ become/
inaccessible.
…………………………………………………………………………………………

E. SPEAKING SKILL
Task 1. Individual/ group work.
Answer the questions below, referring to the text.
1. What is contactless payment?
2. Can you name some moneyless payment services mentioned in the text?
3. What forms of payment are now available in Vietnam?
4. What can you do with your ATM card?
5. Do you prefer paying in cash or by credit card? Why?
Task 2. Roleplay.
One of you is a sales assistant and the other is a customer who has just
come in the shop to buy a mobile phone.
Make use of the hints in the language box below and role-play the situation.
The conversation would last 2-3 minutes, including the Hello and Goodbye.

Customer Seller

- I want/need a phone that/ which can…
- I’d like to buy/ have a phone….
- I can only pay …. for it.
- How long is the guarantee?
+ What brand would you like/ are you
looking for?
+ How would you like your phone?
+ How about this…?
+ This one can do selfie very well…

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- Can I pay by card/ in cash? + OK. No problem/ Certainly…
- I’d go for it./ I’ll think more about it…

Further guidance
Let’s imagine a real-life situation. In this setting, you have to decide who will speak
first, the customer or the seller? What will you say to start the conversation?
During your conversation, you should ask and answer about at least four points:
- The brand of the item you wish to buy
- The price
- The guarantee
- Payment method
To end the conversation/ purchase, you (customer/ seller) should say something
before leaving the shop or seeing the customer off.

F. TRANSLATION
Task 1. Translate the following passage into Vietnamese.
The rise of mobile payments technology truly began in 2014 when Apple Pay hit the
market. At the time, it was the only major mobile wallet out there. But in the last two
years, mobile wallets have flooded the market with offerings such as Samsung Pay,
Chase Pay, Android Pay, Microsoft Wallet, Walmart Pay, and Kohl's Pay. Each of
these offers unique benefits to the user and encourages customers to form shopping
habits around them. And so far, they seem to be succeeding. BI Intelligence,
Business Insider's premium research service, finds that mobile payment volume will
reach $75 billion this year. That figure should swell to $503 billion by 2020 thanks to
advancements in mobile payments technology.
A small percentage of people have used mobile payments. In late 2013, just 6% of
US adults said they had made a payment in a store by scanning or tapping their
smartphone at a payment terminal. That percentage will go up to 8% this year.
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Task 2. Translate the following passage into English.

1. Sự phát triển mạnh mẽ của thương mại di động trong những năm qua đã mang đến
những thay đổi lớn cho công nghệ thanh toán di động.
.........................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
2. Mọi người luôn mang theo điện thoại di động. Vậy tại sao chúng ta không sử dụng
thiết bị này như một công cụ thanh toán nhanh chóng và thuận tiện ở bất kì đâu?
.........................................................................................................................................
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3. Dự đoán đến năm 2025, 75% các giao dịch thanh toán sẽ được thực hiện mà không
cần sử dụng tiền mặt.
.........................................................................................................................................
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4. Mọi người sẵn sàng sử dụng các thiết bị thông minh và thẻ ngân hàng hơn là mang
theo tiền mặt.
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5. Điều này đồng nghĩa với việc gia tăng các ứng dụng thanh toán di động và ngân
hàng di động.
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HOMEWORK
1. Translate the following passage into English.
When the first mobile phones were introduced, their only function was to make and
receive calls, and they were so bulky that it was impossible to carry them in a pocket.
Later, mobile phones belonging to the Global System for Mobile Communications
(GSM) network became capable of sending and receiving text messages. As these
devices evolved, they became smaller and more features were added, such as
multimedia messaging service (MMS), which allowed users to send and receive
images. Most of these MMS-capable devices were also equipped with cameras,
which allowed users to capture photos, add captions, and send them to friends and
relatives who also had MMS-capable phones. A mobile phone with advanced
features similar to a computer is called a smartphone, while a regular mobile phone
is known as a feature phone.
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2. Write definitions for the words in italic.
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