3B Wave Motion II Chapter 5 Wave Phenomena and Stationary Waves

Revision exercise 5 By v = f, where f remains unchanged,

Concept traps (p.92)
=
1 T
2 F
=
At positions where two troughs meet,
constructive interference occurs. At positions vL = 8 cm s1
where a crest meets a trough, destructive The wave speed is 8 cm s1 in the shallow
interference occurs. region.
3 F 15 C
At a position where constructive interference The mid-point M of XY has a path difference
occurs, the particle vibrates with a larger of 0 and shows constructive interference.
amplitude than when only one wave is Consider the part between M and X. If a point
present. is d away from X, its distance from Y will be
4 F 17  d.
Interference occurs when two waves cross. For constructive interference,
Coherent sources are required only when a path difference = 17  d  d = n = 3n
steady interference pattern has to be observed. d=

Multiple-choice questions (p.92) For n = 1, d = 7 cm

5 B For n = 2, d = 5.5 cm
6 C For n = 3, d = 4 cm
7 D For n = 4, d = 2.5 cm
8 B For n = 5, d = 1 cm
The wavelength of the stationary wave is For n = 6, d = 0.5 cm which is impossible.
maximum when one loop is formed.  Between M and X, there are 5 points that
constructive interference occurs.
0.5  6 =
Similarly, there are 5 points showing
L=3m constructive interference between M and Y.
9 D Total number of points on the dotted straight
10 B line between X and Y showing constructive
11 C interference
12 D =1+5+5
13 B = 11
14 B 16 C
The wavelength is shorter in the shallow The wavelength of the water waves on the two
region. Therefore, the shallow region is on the sides of the glass plate should be the same.
left while the deep region is on the right.  A and B are incorrect.

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3B Wave Motion II Chapter 5 Wave Phenomena and Stationary Waves

displacement / cm
The travelling direction of the refracted wave
in the region above the glass plate must not be
10
perpendicular to the boundary since the angle
of incidence  0. 5

 D is incorrect.
0 time / s
17 (HKCEE 2006 Paper 2 Q15) 1 2 3

18 (HKCEE 2009 Paper 2 Q38) 5 Q

19 (HKCEE 2010 Paper 2 Q36)

10 P
20 (HKDSE 2012 Paper 1A Q18)
21 (HKDSE 2013 Paper 1A Q18)
(a) (Correct amplitude) 1A
Conventional questions (p.96) (Correct period) 1A

22 (a) The pulse is reflected. 1A (Correct graph) 1A

(b) (Correct amplitude) 1A
(b) (i) 0.5 =   = 1.2 m 1A
(Correct graph) 1A
The wavelength is 1.2 m. 25 (a) The boat oscillates up and down. 1A
(ii) Wave speed v = f 1M (b) When the wave approaches the shore, its
= 440  1.2 wave speed and wavelength decrease
1
= 528 m s 1A 1A
23 (a) while its frequency remains unchanged.
1A
(c) (i) Speed of the tsunami
= 1M

= 208 m s1 1A
(ii) Refraction occurs when the tsunami
travels across regions with different
(Correct diffraction pattern) 1A
depth of water. 1A
(Longer wavelength) 1A
(b) The wave diffracts around the edge of 26 (a) Wavelength  = = 0.05 m 1A
the barrier. 1A
Wave speed v = f 1M
When the wave travels from the shallow
= 5  0.05
region to the deep region, its wavelength
= 0.25 m s1 1A
increases. 1A
(c) The frequency of the waves in the two (b) (i) By nAB = , 1M
regions is the same. 1A
24

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3B Wave Motion II Chapter 5 Wave Phenomena and Stationary Waves

B = = = 0.0625 m

1A
The wavelength of the water waves
in region B is 0.0625 m.
(ii) Region B 1A
(Decreasing wavelength) 1A
(c)
28 (a)

(i) (L1 correctly drawn) 1A

(ii) (L2 correctly drawn) 1A
(b) (i) According to v = f, if the
frequency f increases while the
(Correct travelling direction) 1A wave speed v remains unchanged,
(Correct wavelength) 1A the wavelength  will decrease.
27 (a) Tom is incorrect. 1A 1A
A water wave does not transfer matter. As a result, the separation between
1A L1 and L2 will decrease. 1A
(b) Decrease 1A (ii) If the depth of water is increased,
(c) Path difference at the toy boat the wavelength  will increase. 1A
= 42  30 = 12 cm = 1.5 1A As a result, the separation between
Destructive interference occurs at the toy L1 and L2 will increase. 1A
boat. 1A (c) (i) (Correct position of R) 1A
Therefore, the toy boat remains (ii) From the graph,
stationary. 1A period T = 0.5 s 1A
(d) (i) Refraction 1A Wave speed v = 1M
(ii)
= 12 cm s1 1A
29 (a) Path difference at P
= 23  21 1M
= 2 cm
= 0.5 1A

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3B Wave Motion II Chapter 5 Wave Phenomena and Stationary Waves

displacement / cm
This shows that destructive interference
occurs at P. 1A 10
 The particle at P always remains 5
stationary. time / s
0
(b) (i) According to v = f, when the T 2T
5
frequency f is doubled and the
wave speed v remains unchanged, 10

the wavelength  is halved. 1A

The path difference at P then (Correct amplitude) 1A
becomes 1 and constructive (Correct period) 1A
interference occurs at P. 1A (Correct graph) 1A
Therefore, the particle at P does not 31 (HKCEE 2008 Paper 1 Q5)
remain stationary. 32 (a) (i) Node is a point that does not
(ii) As dippers M and N are not vibrate. 1A
coherent sources, 1A (ii) Antinode is a point which vibrates
the locations of destructive with the largest amplitude. 1A
interference are not stable with (b) (i) The wave travels to the end and is
time. 1A reflected to the opposite direction.
Therefore, the particle at P does not 1A
remain stationary. The incident wave and the reflected
30 (a) (i) The wavelength is the maximum wave have the same speed,
when one loop is formed. frequency and amplitude. 1A
0.5 = 80 The interference of them forms a
  = 160 cm 1A stationary wave. 1A
The largest possible wavelength of
the stationary wave is 160 cm.
(ii) Wave speed v = f 1M (ii)
= 4  160 90 cm
clamp N N
= 640 cm s 1
1A A A A pulley
N N
(b) (i) Particle B 1A
oscillator
(ii) Period T = 1M masses

(A and N correctly labelled) 1A

=
(iii) 3 1A
= 0.0625 s 1A (iv) 0.5 = 1M
(iii)
  = 60 cm

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3B Wave Motion II Chapter 5 Wave Phenomena and Stationary Waves

Wave speed v = f 1M Place the straight barriers in the ripple

= 120  60 tank as shown in the figure to make two
1
= 7200 cm s gaps. 1A
1
= 72 m s 1A The barriers should be perpendicular to
(c) When the weight is 4.0 N, the travelling direction of the straight
v=k = 2k = 72 m s1 waves. 1A
When the weight is 9.0 N, (b) No, 1A
v =k this is because the two dippers are not
= 3k coherent sources. 1A
= 1.5  2k
= 1.5  72
= 108 m s1 1A
By v = f,

= = = 0.9 m = 90 cm 1A

For a stationary wave (with n loops) to

be observed, we need to find integer
solution for the equation below:

0.5 =

0.5  90 =

n=2
A stationary with 2 loops can be
observed. 1A
33 (HKDSE Practice Paper 2012 Paper 1B Q5)
34 (HKDSE 2012 Paper 1B Q6)

Experiment questions (p.101)

35 (a)

(Two gaps formed by barriers) 1A

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3B Wave Motion II Chapter 5 Wave Phenomena and Stationary Waves

Physics in article (p.102)

36 (a) 0.5 = 0.5
=1m 1A
The wavelength is 1 m.
(b) By v = f, 1M
f= = = 140 Hz 1A

The frequency is 140 Hz.

(c) A player should hold the handle at the
node. 1A
37 (HKCEE 2011 Paper 1 Q3)

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