2 Force and Motion Chapter 4 Force and Motion (II)

Revision exercise 4
Cocept traps (p.169)
T1 T1
1 F T1 T1

2 F
For Q1, 2:
A force F can be resolved as shown. Since the system is at rest,
F T1 = 2g
 T = (T1 cos 40)  2
= (2  9.81 cos 40)  2 = 30.1 N
Muliple-choice questions (p.169) 8 B
3 D Net force FX acting on X = mX g(sin   0.2)
4 D Net force FY acting on Y = mY g(sin   0.2)
normal reaction N mY > mX  FY > FX
20 N
 (1) is correct.
friction aX = = g(sin   0.2)
weight mg
aY = = g(sin   0.2) = aX
The block will not move along the direction
perpendicular to the plane, i.e. the net force  (2) is incorrect.
along this direction is zero. FX = 0  sin   0.2 = 0  FY = 0
N = 20 + 3  9.81 cos 25 = 46.7 N  (3) is correct.
5 B 9 D
6 C Consider the direction along the plane.
M : m = 50 : 30 = 5 : 3 By F = ma,
Alternative solution: Fx  20  9.81 sin 10 = 20  1.5
Fx = 64.07 N
M B m
Consider the direction perpendicular to the
50 cm 30 cm
plane.
A C Fy = 20  9.81 cos 10
D
= 193.2 N
Mg sin BAD = mg sin BCD
F=
M =m
=

= = 204 N
10 C
7 B
Take downwards as positive.
In upward journey,

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net force acting on the trolley 17 (a) friction normal

reaction
= mg sin  + f 50
girl
In downward journey,
net force acting on the trolley
= mg sin   f weight

 The acceleration in the upward journey is

(1 correct force with correct name) 1A
larger than that in the downward journey.
(All correct) 1A
11 (HKALE 2005 Paper 2 Q1)
(b) (i) Down the slide 1A
12 (HKCEE 2010 Paper 2 Q31)
(ii) No net force 1A
13 (HKDSE 2012 Paper 1A Q10)
(iii) No net force 1A
14 (HKDSE 2013 Paper 1A Q5)
(c) Take the direction down the slide as
15 (HKDSE 2014 Paper 1A Q4)
positive.
By F = ma, 1M
Conventional questions (p.171)
acceleration =
16 (a) (i) Take downwards as positive.
Net force Fy = 3  2 = 1 N 1A =
(ii) Take the direction to the right as
positive.
Net force Fx = 10  5 = 5 N 1A = 0.848 m s2 1A
(b) Fx 18 (a) F1
 30 mass
Fy F2
F

weight W
F= = =5.10 N
(1 correct force with correct name) 1A
1A
(All correct) 1A
tan  = = (b) Zero 1A
(c) Consider the vertical direction.
  = 11.3 1A
F1 sin 30 = W 1M
The net force is 5.10 N towards the right
at 11.3 below the horizontal. F1 =

(c) a= = = 2.04 m s2 1A = 20 N 1A

Consider the horizontal direction.
The acceleration is 2.04 m s2 towards
F2 = F1 cos 30 = 20 cos 30 = 17.3 N
the right at 11.3 below the horizontal.
1A
1A

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2 Force and Motion Chapter 4 Force and Motion (II)

19 (a) resultant force 21 (a) (i) normal

reaction N
1280 N friction f
1280 N
18 18 20
trolley

(Parallelogram / tip-to-tail method) 1A

weight mg
(A vertical and upward resultant) 1A
(b) Resultant force = 2(1280 sin 18) 1M
(1 correct force with correct name)
= 791 N 1A
1A
(c) 791 N 1A
(All correct) 1A
20 (a) Let F makes an angle  to the direction
(ii) Take the direction down the
towards the south.
runway as positive.
Consider the north-south direction.
By s = ut + at 2, 1M
F cos  + 47.1 cos 80
= 50 cos 70 + 70 cos 70
2 =0+ a(4)2
F cos  = 32.86 N (1) 1M
Consider the east-west direction. a = 0.25 m s2 1A
2
F sin  + 70 sin 70 The acceleration is 0.25 m s down
= 50 sin 70 + 47.1 sin 80 the runway.
F sin  = 27.59 N (2) 1M (iii) By F = ma, 1M
(1) + (2) ,
2 2 1  9.81 sin 20  f = 1  0.25
F (sin  + cos ) = 1841
2 2 2 f = 3.11 N 1A
F = 42.9 N 1A The friction is 3.11 N up the
(b) (2)  (1), runway.
(b) The student is incorrect. 1A
tan  =
When the trolley is given a sharp push
 = 40.0 1A up the runway, the net force (friction +
The direction of F is S40.0E. 1A component weight) points down the
(c) When the 70-N force disappears, the net runway. 1A
force acting on the object is 70 N at Therefore, the trolley will slows down.
S70W. 1M 1A
By F = ma, 22 Take the direction down the plane as positive.
2
a= = = 3.5 m s 1A (a) Acceleration = 1M

The acceleration is 3.5 m s2 at S70W.

= = 2.5 m s2
1A
1A
The acceleration is 2.5 m s2 down the
plane.

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(b) By F = ma, 1M 40 40

T T
0.4  9.81 sin 10 + f = 0.4  2.5
f = 0.3186 N
 0.319 N 1A
The friction is 0.319 N down the plane. weight mg
(c) (i) Consider the upward motion.
4  T cos 40 = 225  9.81 1M
s= (u + v)t
T = 720 N 1A
= (4 + 0)1.6 = 3.2 m 1M The tension in each rope is 720 N.
(b) Take upwards as positive.
Consider the downward motion. By F = ma, 1M
a= 4  T cos 40  225  9.81 = 225  0.4
T = 750 N 1A
=
The tension in each rope is 750 N.
(c) It is safer to use longer ropes. 1A
= 0.907 m s 2
1M The longer the rope, the smaller the
By v2 = u2 + 2as, 1M angle  it makes with the vertical. 1A
v= Since T = ,
=
   cos    T  1A
= 2.41 m s1 1A
24 Take upwards and the direction to the right as
The speed is 2.41 m s1.
positive.
(ii) v / m s1
2.41 (a) Consider the vertical direction.
0 t/ Apply F = ma.
1.6 4.26 s
N  65  9.81 = 65  0.5 sin 20 1M
4 N = 649 N 1A
The normal reaction is 649 N upwards.
(Correct axes with labels) 1A
Consider the horizontal direction.
(Correct sign) 1A
f = 65  0.5 cos 20 1M
(Constant deceleration during
= 30.5 N 1A
01.6 s) 1A
The friction is 30.5 N towards the right.
(Constant acceleration of smaller
(b) No net force acts on the passenger along
magnitude after 1.6 s) 1A
the vertical direction.
23 (a) (i) Zero 1A
N = mg = 65  9.81 = 638 N 1A
(ii) Consider the vertical direction.
The normal reaction is 638 N upwards.

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No net force acts on the passenger along Y is acted on by FYX and its weight.
the horizontal direction, so the friction is It accelerates at 15 below the
zero. 1A horizontal.
(c) Consider the vertical direction. FYX
Y
N  65  9.81 = 65(0.8) sin 20 
15
N = 620 N 1A a
The normal reaction is 620 N upwards.
weight mg
Consider the horizontal direction.
f = 65(0.8) cos 20 Consider the vertical direction.
= 48.9 N 1A Take downwards as positive.
The friction is 48.9 N towards the left. mg  FYX sin  = ma sin 15
25 (a) (i) normal FYX sin  = m(g  a sin 15)
reaction
1M
friction fY
Y
Consider the horizontal direction.

30 Take the direction to the right as

weight mg positive.
FYX cos  = ma cos 15 1M
(1 correct force with correct name)
 tan  =
1A
(All correct) 1A =
(ii) f = mg sin  1M
= 0.5  9.81 sin 30  = 75.0 1A

= 2.45 N 1A FYX =
The friction is 2.45 N.
(b) (i) X and Y move together without =

slipping, so they have the same = 4.74 N 1A

acceleration. By Newton’s third law, the force
Since they slides on a smooth acting on X by Y is 4.74 N pointing
plane, to the left at 75.0 below the
a = g sin  1M horizontal. 1A
= 9.81 sin 15 26 (HKCEE 2008 Paper 1 Q9)
= 2.54 m s2 1A
The acceleration of Y is 2.54 m s2 Experiment questions (p.174)
down the smooth plane. 1A 27 (HKCEE 2009 Paper 1 Q9)
(ii) Let the force acting on Y by X be
FYX which makes an angle  with Physics in article (p.175)
the horizontal. 28 (HKDSE 2014 Paper 1B Q4)

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