2 Force and Motion Chapter 3 Force and Motion (I)

Practice 3.4 (p.126) starts to fall, B is zero and A is the net

1 C force acting on it. After a certain period
2 C of time, A and B are equal in magnitude.
By F = ma, The net force on the raindrop becomes
F 23.3 zero. By Newton’s first law, the raindrop
m= = = 72.6 kg
a 0.321 falls at a constant speed.
3 D 8 Take the direction to the right as positive.
Take upwards as positive. (a) normal force
thrust T

F
rocket
friction
f
weight mg weight

By F = ma, (b) By Newton’s first law,

T  4.26  105  9.81 = 4.26  105  4.09 f=F=3N
T = 5.95  106 N The friction is 3 N towards the left.
4 D (c) By F = ma,
Take upwards as positive. F 53
m= = = 1 kg
air resistance f a 2
The mass of the box is 1 kg.

skydiver
9 (a) The gravitational acceleration is same at
both ends of the balance. Therefore, the
weight mg result is the same as that on the Earth.

100  (190) (b) The acceleration of the masses is the

Acceleration = 3.6 same at both ends of the balance.
0.8 Therefore, the result is the same as that
= 31.25 m s2 on the Earth.
By F = ma, (c) When the balance undergoes free fall,
f  70  9.81 = 7  31.25 the force acting on the balance by a mass
f = 2870 N becomes zero. Therefore, no
5 A measurement can be taken.
6 A bag of sugar has a mass of 1 kg. / (a)
A bag of sugar weighs 9.81 N.
7 (a) A: weight of raindrop
B: air resistance
(b) The magnitude of B increases with the
speed of the raindrop. When the raindrop

New Senior Secondary Physics at Work (Second Edition) 1

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2 Force and Motion Chapter 3 Force and Motion (I)

(b) (i) Consider the trolley. Take the (a) air resistance f

direction to the right as positive.

Jackie
By F = ma,
F 4 weight mg
a= = = 4 m s2
m 1
Since the block and the trolley are (b) Her weight remains unchanged.
connected by an inextensible string, The air resistance increases with time at
they accelerate at the same rate. first and becomes constant after she has
 The acceleration of the block is reached the terminal speed.
2
4 m s downwards. (c) At first, she accelerates from rest. Her
(ii) Consider the block. Take acceleration decrease in magnitude as
downwards as positive. By F = ma, she falls. When the air resistance has the
mg  T = ma same magnitude as her weight, she falls
T at a constant velocity.
m=
g a (d) v / m s1
4
=
9.81  4
= 0.688 kg
The mass of the block is 0.688 kg.
11 Take upwards as positive. Apply F = ma. 0 t/s
force by balance R

Area under graph

mass = distance that she falls
= 6000  2000
weight mg
= 4000 m
R  mg = ma
R = ma + mg
(a) Reading = 1.2(0) + 1.2(9.81)
= 11.8 N
(b) Reading = 1.2(1.5) + 1.2(9.81)
= 9.97 N
(c) Reading = 1.2(0) + 1.2(9.81)
= 11.8 N
(d) Reading = 1.2(0.5) + 1.2(9.81)
= 12.4 N

2 New Senior Secondary Physics at Work (Second Edition)

 Oxford University Press 2015