PIPEPHASE Getting Started Guide

AVEVA™ PIPEPHASE™ Pipeline Network Design
Getting Started Guide

Version 2021
September 2021
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Publication date: Wednesday, September 1, 2021
Contact Information
AVEVA Group plc
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https://sw.aveva.com/
For information on how to contact sales and customer training, see https://sw.aveva.com/contact.
For information on how to contact technical support, see https://sw.aveva.com/support.
Contents
Chapter 1 Introduction ...................................................................................... 6

About this Manual ................................................................................................................................6
About PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Design ...........................................................................................6
About SIMSCI ........................................................................................................................................7
Where to find Additional Help ...............................................................................................................7
Online Documentation ................................................................................................................................. 7
Online Help ................................................................................................................................................... 7
Other Documentation .................................................................................................................................. 8
Technical Support .................................................................................................................................8
Chapter 2 Installation Requirements ............................................................... 10

Verifying the Package Contents ........................................................................................................... 10
Media ......................................................................................................................................................... 10
Documentation .......................................................................................................................................... 10
Software Requirements ...................................................................................................................... 10
Disk Space Requirements ........................................................................................................................... 11
Security .............................................................................................................................................. 12
Chapter 3 Installing PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Design ................................ 13

PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Design Installation.................................................................................. 13
Installing PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Design ..................................................................................... 13
Directory Structures and Desktop Icons ............................................................................................... 18
PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Design Installation Directory (Typical) ........................................................ 18
Testing PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Design ........................................................................................ 19
Review the Results ..................................................................................................................................... 21
Uninstalling PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Design................................................................................. 21
Accessing User-Added Subroutines (UAS) ............................................................................................ 21
Workspace for PIPEPHASE User-Added Routines ...................................................................................... 22
Build Sample One: Customize a Pressure Drop Model .............................................................................. 22
Build Sample Two: Customize a PRO/II Thermo routine............................................................................ 23
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© 2021 AVEVA Group plc and its subsidiaries. All rights reserved. Page 3
Chapter 4 Troubleshooting Licensing Issue ...................................................... 25
Chapter 5 Getting Started ................................................................................ 26

Starting PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Design ....................................................................................... 26
Navigating the PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Design Main Window ...................................................... 27
The Main Tabs .................................................................................................................................... 27
Using the File Ribbon Bar ........................................................................................................................... 28
Using the Network Simulation Data ........................................................................................................... 29
Using the Quick Analysis Buttons ............................................................................................................... 30
Using the PFD Tools .................................................................................................................................... 30
Using the Edit Buttons ................................................................................................................................ 31
Using Run/Results Buttons ......................................................................................................................... 31
Using the Structure and Unit Operation Buttons....................................................................................... 32
Using the Zoom and Redraw Buttons ........................................................................................................ 33
PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Design Main Window Components ......................................................... 33
Using the Menus ................................................................................................................................. 34
Choosing a Menu Item ............................................................................................................................... 37
Manipulating the PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Design Window ........................................................... 37
Changing Window Size ............................................................................................................................... 38
Changing Window Position ........................................................................................................................ 38
Working with On-screen Color Coding Cues ......................................................................................... 38
Using the Control Menu ...................................................................................................................... 39
Using Border Handles .......................................................................................................................... 39
Using the Data Entry Window Icons ..................................................................................................... 39
Using Minimize/Maximize Buttons ...................................................................................................... 41
Using the Help Tab .............................................................................................................................. 42
Exiting PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Design ........................................................................................ 42
Using PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Design .......................................................................................... 42
Defining the Application............................................................................................................................. 42
Global Settings............................................................................................................................................ 44
Defining Fluid Properties ............................................................................................................................ 48
Defining Properties for Compositional Fluids ............................................................................................ 48
Defining Properties for Non-compositional Fluids ..................................................................................... 55
Defining Properties for Mixed Compositional/Non-Compositional Fluids ................................................ 58
Generating and Using Tables of Properties................................................................................................ 58
Sources ....................................................................................................................................................... 59
Structure of Network Systems ................................................................................................................... 60
PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Design Flow Devices.................................................................................... 64
Pressure Drop Calculations ........................................................................................................................ 66
Equipment Items ........................................................................................................................................ 73
Heat Transfer Calculations ......................................................................................................................... 78
Sphering or Pigging..................................................................................................................................... 79
Reservoirs and Inflow Performance Relationships .................................................................................... 80
Production Planning and Time-Stepping .................................................................................................... 81
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Subsurface Networks and Multiple Completion Modeling ........................................................................ 82
Case Studies ............................................................................................................................................... 85
Nodal Analysis ............................................................................................................................................ 87
Starting the PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Design Excel Report ................................................................ 91
Starting the PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Design Results Access System (RAS) ....................................... 93
Chapter 6 Tutorial .......................................................................................... 100

Introduction ..................................................................................................................................... 100
Problem Description ......................................................................................................................... 100
Building the Network ........................................................................................................................ 102
Entering Optimization Data ............................................................................................................... 118
Specifying Print Options .................................................................................................................... 124
Running the Simulation ..................................................................................................................... 125
Viewing and Plotting Results ............................................................................................................. 126
Using the RAS to Plot Results ............................................................................................................ 127
Generate and View Excel Report ....................................................................................................... 130
Index ................................................................................................................ 131
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Chapter 1
Introduction
About this Manual

The PIPEPHASE™ Pipeline Network Design Getting Started Guide provides an introduction to PIPEPHASE Pipeline
Network Design. It describes how the interface modules work and includes a step-by-step tutorial to guide you
through a PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Design example optimization problem. Also covered in this guide is
PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Design Keywords. This manual will guide you through the installation of PIPEPHASE
Pipeline Network Design. An outline of this guide is provided in the following table.
Chapter 1 Introduction 6 Introduces the manual, the program, and SIMSCI.
Chapter 2 Installation Requirements on Provides you with the installation and security
page 10 requirements.
Chapter 3 Installing PIPEPHASE Pipeline Describes how to install PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network
Network Design on page 13 Design.
Chapter 4 Troubleshooting Licensing Issue Addresses some of the problems you may encounter
on page 25 while installing PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Design.
Chapter 5 Getting Started on page 26 Explains how to use PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Design.
Chapter 6 Tutorial on page 100 Provides a step-by-step tutorial for the optimization of an
off-line pipeline design.
About PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Design

PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Design is a simulation program which predicts steady-state pressure, temperature,
and liquid holdup profiles in wells, flowlines, gathering systems, and other linear or network configurations of
pipes, wells, pumps, compressors, separators, and other facilities. The fluid types that PIPEPHASE Pipeline
Network Design can handle include liquid, gas, steam, and multiphase mixtures of gas and liquid.
Several special capabilities have also been designed into PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Design including well
analysis with inflow performance; gas lift analysis; pipeline sphering; and sensitivity (nodal) analysis. These
additions extend the range of the PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Design application so that the full range of
pipeline and piping network problems can be solved.
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AVEVA™ PIPEPHASE™ Pipeline Network Design Getting Started Guide
Chapter 1 – Introduction
About SIMSCI
For more than fifty years, SimSci has been a leader in the development and deployment of process simulation
software, services, and complete solutions for oil and gas production, hydrocarbon and specialty chemical
processing and refining, and fossil and nuclear power. Benefit from products that minimize capital requirements,
optimize facility performance, maximize ROI, and produce assets for:
 Plant engineering design and simulation
 Integrated process engineering
 Pipeline production analysis, asset model management
 Operational analysis, optimization, process control
 Dynamic simulation, operator training
 Design, operate and optimize a safe and profitable plant subject to ever more stringent market and
regulatory constraints.
SimSci software solutions are indispensable tools in solving these three increasingly complex challenges
simultaneously.
Where to find Additional Help

Online Documentation
PIPEPHASETM Pipeline Network Design online documentation is provided in the form of .PDF files that are most
conveniently viewed using Adobe Acrobat Reader 9.0 or later. Online manuals are stored in the Manuals
directory and they remain on the CD when you install the program. To access these files, open the PIPEPHASE
Pipeline Network Design Online Help.Chm file in the HELP directory and click the appropriate link to navigate to
the corresponding PDF.
Online Help
PIPEPHASETM Pipeline Network Design comes with Online Help, a comprehensive online reference tool that
accesses information quickly. In Help, commands, features, and data fields are explained in easy steps. Answers
are available instantly, online, while you work. You can access the electronic contents for Help by selecting
Help/Contents from the menu bar. Context-sensitive help is accessed using the F1 key or the What’s This?
button by placing the cursor in the area in question. A road map to Online Help will be displayed where you can
select the help document you wish to view. From the desired online help document you can do a search for the
desired topic. If you chose a .CHM file, you can search by selecting Help/Search from the menu bar. If you chose
a .PDF formatted document, you can use all the available Acrobat Reader search features to find the topic of
interest. Please refer to Acrobat Reader online help for information concerning Acrobat Reader features.
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Other Documentation
The table below outlines the other existing PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Design documentation available in a
hard-copy form.
Where to Find Additional Help
If you want to... See...
Quickly learn how to simulate a simple flowsheet using This document

PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Design
Obtain detailed information on the capabilities and use This document
of PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Design
Learn how to install PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network This document
Design Pipeline Network Design
Obtain basic information on PIPEPHASE Pipeline PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Design Keyword
Network Design keywords Manual
See simulation examples PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Design Application
Briefs
To learn more on Well and Surface Models Well and Surface Examples
Obtain detailed information on using PIPEPHASE NETOPT User’s Guide
Pipeline Network Design w/ NETOPT
Obtain detailed information on using PIPEPHASE TACITE User’s Guide
Pipeline Network Design w/ TACITE
Obtain basic information on PIPEPHASE Pipeline Online Help
Network Design calculation methods
Obtain detailed information of component and SIMSCI Component and Thermodynamic Data
thermodynamic properties Input Manual
Technical Support
SimSci and its agents around the world provide technical support and service for our products. If you have any
questions regarding the use of the program or the interpretation of output produced by the program, contact
your local SimSci representative for advice or consultation.
When calling one of the Technical Support Centers, be prepared to describe your problem or the type of
assistance required. To expedite your call, complete the following steps before calling Technical Support:
 Have the installation program and all provided documentation available.
 Determine the type of operating system you are using.
 Determine the amount of free disk space available on the disk which the product is installed.
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 Note the exact actions you were taking when the problem occurred, as well as the steps you took leading up
to that point.
 Note the exact error messages that appear on your screen, as well as any other symptoms.
Both new and experienced users will benefit significantly from attending one of SimSci's regularly scheduled
training courses. If you would like to obtain a list of courses available, or if you have any questions, see SimSci
Support website: https://sw.aveva.com/support/simsci.
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Chapter 2
Installation Requirements
This chapter provides a list of the PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Design package contents, the installation
requirements, and an outline of the hardware and software requirements for running PIPEPHASE Pipeline
Network Design.
Verifying the Package Contents

This section describes the contents of your release package.
Media
PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Design software is distributed on a DVD.
Documentation
The following list of documents are available for the PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Design application.
 PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Design Getting Started Guide (This document)
 PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Design Keyword Manual
 Release Notes
 Other documentation as required:
o NETOPT User’s Guide
o TACITE User’s Guide
A complete set of online documentation is provided for each product.
Software Requirements
The minimum recommended software requirements for PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Design are listed below:
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Chapter 2 – Installation Requirements
Operating System  Windows 10 (32 bit and 64 bit),

 Windows 8.1 SP2 (Business/Enterprise)(32bit and 64 bit),
 Windows 2012 Server R2(64bit),
 Windows 2016 Server(64bit), and
 Windows 2019 Server (64bit)
Proper installation of PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Design Software under all
operating systems requires administrator rights.
Microsoft Office  Microsoft Office 2013 Professional (32-Bit, 64-Bit)
 Microsoft® Office 2016 (32-Bit, 64-Bit)
 Microsoft® Office 2019 (32-bit and 64-bit)
Compiler To build User-Added Subroutines applications, the following compiler is required:
Intel® Visual Fortran version 2020 Integration for Microsoft Visual Studio* 2019.
The minimum recommended software requirements for AVEVA Excel Simulation are listed below:
Operating System  Windows 10(32 bit and 64 bit),

 Windows 8.1 SP2 (Business / Enterprise)(32bit and 64 bit),
 Windows 2012 Server R2(64bit),
 Windows 2016 Server(64bit), and
 Windows 2019 Server (64bit)
Proper installation of AVEVA Excel Simulation Interface application under all operating
systems requires administrator rights.
Microsoft Office  Microsoft® Office 2013 (32-bit and 64-bit)
Disk Space Requirements

A full installation of PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Design software may require about 500 MB of free disk space.
The PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Design software installation program automatically checks your system
resources and notifies you if insufficient resources are available.
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Chapter 2 – Installation Requirements
Installation Type or Application Disc Space Required
Default Installation (no user-added 200 MB

subroutines)
Full Installation (with user-added subroutines) 350 MB
AVEVA Excel Simulation Interface Files 20 MB
Security
FlexNet Publisher (FNP) 11.16 Security
For more information on Licensing and Security, see Aveva _LicenseSecurity_UserGuide.pdf available in the
C:\Program Files (x86)\Common Files\SimSci\UniqueFile folder.
TOKEN 11.16 Security
AVEVA LaaS
AVEVA LaaS (Licensing as a Service) is a licensing solution that supports ‘on-premises’ use of the AVEVA
applications but centralizes the license and entitlement control. License is hosted in AVEVA Connect platform. It
doesn’t require an installation on-premises or management of license files. The service is available on-demand
without requiring any installation, or provisioning infrastructure.
AVEVA Local
If you plan to use AVEVA local license type, It requires that you connect to a valid ALS (AVEVA Licensing System)
license server to validate your license. Refer to the AVEVA Licensing System user documentation for more
information on how to obtain and install the ALS license server and licenses.
Switching Security Types
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Chapter 3
Installing PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network

Design
This chapter explains how to install PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Design as a standalone version.
PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Design Installation

There are two installation options for the PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Design software:
Typical This option installs both the GUI and the calculation portions of PIPEPHASE Pipeline
Network Design directly to your PC.
Custom This option allows you to customize your installation by selecting the User Added files
with PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Design.
Note: PC user-added subroutines require a custom installation.

When installing PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Design, you also have the option to install the TACITE Transient
module and/or the NETOPT Optimizer module and/or AVEVA Excel Simulation 2021. If you do not have license
and would like to add-on one or all of these modules, please contact your SimSci representative for details.
Installing PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Design

These instructions assume that you are installing from a CD-ROM in drive E into the structure C:\SIMSCI.
1. Start your Windows session.
2. Insert the PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Design installation CD/DVD-ROM drive.
3. Browse to the root of the installation CD and read the Release Notes.
4. Open the PIPEPHASE folder and double-click the SETUP.EXE to start the Simsci PIPEPHASETM Pipeline
Network Design installation program. The Prerequisite dialog box appears to install the following:
o Microsoft .NET Framework 4.7.2
o Microsoft Office. Access Database Engine 2016
o Microsoft Visual C++ 2013 (x86 and x64)
o Microsoft Visual C++ 2015-2019 (x86 and x64)
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Chapter 3 – Installing PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Design
o Microsoft.2010.C++(x86 and x64) Runtime

5. Click Next. The Simsci PIPEPHASETM Pipeline Network Design 2021 - InstallShieldWizard dialog box appears.
6. Click Next. The End-User License Agreement dialog box appears.
7. Read and then select the accept the terms in the License Agreement check box.
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8. Click Next. The Destination Folders and Shortcuts dialog box appears.
By default, the options of creating a shortcut on the Desktop and/or the Quick launch bar is selected. The
PIPEPHASE icon location is fixed as Start->All Programs->SIMSCI ->PIPEPHASETM Pipeline Network Design
2021
9. Specify the location where you want to install the PIPEPHASETM Pipeline Network Design 2021 program. The
default locations for Install folder/files are :
o Install PIPEPHASE Folders (HLP, Manuals, User) to C:\SIMSCI
o Install FluidFlow Common Files (Bin, LIB, Resource, System) to C:\Program Files\Common Files\SIMSCI
o Install SIMSCI Shared Components (CFI, AVEVA Excel Simulation) to C:\Program Files (x86)\Common
Files\SIMSCI
10. To install PIPEPHASE in a different folder, click Change... and select another folder. The path for Common
Files cannot be changed if other FluidFlow products such as INPLANT 2021 are installed in the system.
Additionally, the path for shared components cannot be changed if other SIMSCI products such as AVEVA
PRO/II Simulation version 2021 are installed in the system.
Note: If you are maintaining an older version of PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Design in the SIMSCI directory,
place PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Design 2021 in another dirctory (e.g., \PPv2021) to avoid any conflicts.
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11. After deciding PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Design install location, click Next. The Select features dialog box
appears.
12. Select a Setup option - Custom or Complete (Typical or User Added).

 For Custom Installation: Choose the components you want to install.
a. If you plan to link your own user-added subroutines into PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Design, select the
User-Added Files option. Refer to the User-Added Subroutine section for relink procedures.
b. Select the add-on module(s) you want to install.
Note: If you are licensed to run TACITE, select install TACITE Transient module; or if you are licensed to run
NETOPT, select install NETOPT Optimizer module. If you are licensed to run AVEVA Excel Simulation, select
install AVEVA Excel Simulation 2021 module. All modules can be selected if you are licensed.
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13. Click Next. The Security Type dialog box appears.
14. Select the security type.

15. Click Next to continue. The Ready to Install the PIPEPHASETM Pipeline Network Design dialog box appears.
If you want to review or change any settings, click < Back. If you are satisfied with the settings, click Install to
begin installation.
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16. You can use the Cancel button at any time during disk installation to pause or exit the installation program.
When your installation is complete, the Install Shield Wizard Completed dialog box appears.
17. Click Finish to complete the installation. A typical installation creates the following three icons:
o PIPEPHASETM Pipeline Network Design 2021
o PIPEPHASETM Pipeline Network Design 2021 Online Help
o AVEVA Excel Simulation 2021
Note: The setup determines if it is necessary to restart the computer. If so, it asks whether you want to restart
the system now or later.
You should now test your PIPEPHASETM Pipeline Network Design installation. Refer to the Testing PIPEPHASE
Pipeline Network Design on page 19 section for more information.
Directory Structures and Desktop Icons

PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Design Installation Directory (Typical)
The Typical Installation will set up all PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Design files under the following directories:
C:\Program Files (x86)\Common Files\ [Program executable files]

SIMSCI\FluidFlow2021\Bin
C:\Program Files (x86)\Common Files\ [Component library directory]
SIMSCI\FluidFlow2021\LIB
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C:\Program Files (x86)\Common Files\ [PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Design system files]
SIMSCI\FluidFlow2021\SYSTEM
C:\Program Files (x86)\Notepad++ [NOTEPAD++]
C:\SIMSCI\Pphase2021\User [PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Design user directory]
C:\SIMSCI\Pphase2021\Manuals [PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Design Manuals]
C:\SIMSCI\Pphase2021\HLP [PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Design HLP Manuals]
C:\Program Files (x86)\Common [GUI bitmaps and icon files]

Files\SIMSCI\FluidFlow2021\RESOURCE
C:\Program Files (x86)\Common [AVEVA Excel Simulation files]
Files\SIMSCI\SIM4MEPortal40
C:\Program Files (x86)\Common Files\ [SIMSCI Common]
C:\Program Files (x86)\Common [Framework Files]

Files\SIMSCI\SIMSCICFI55
C:\Program Files (x86)\Common [Licensing Files]
Files\Licensing20
C:\Program Files (x86)\Common [Licensing specific documentation]
Files\SimSci\UniqueFileFolder
Testing PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Design

As a simple test of your PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Design system, open PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Design,
import the input file EX1_LIQUID-PUMP.INP and run it. This will let you utilize PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network
Design’s data reconciliation capability and give you a sense of how PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Design will run.
Refer to the additional manuals shipped with PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Design for hands-on examples and
information that will have you using the powerful capabilities of PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Design quickly.
1. Click Start and select SIMSCI PIPEPHASETM Pipeline Network Design dialog.
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2. Select Import Keyword File from the File menu. The Select a keyword File to Import dialog box appears.
3. Select EX1_LIQUID-PUMP.INP and click Open. The "Save Imported File As..." dialog box appears.
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4. Click Save to replace the existing EX1_LIQUID-PUMP.PPZIP file. A confirmation message appears.
5. Click Yes and then click the Run button on the toolbar to start running the simulation.
Review the Results

When the simulation is complete, you will be able to view the output file. The results are shown in Notepad++
editor by clicking the View button in the run window.
Uninstalling PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Design

You can uninstall PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Design by accessing Add/Remove Programs in the Control Panel.
To uninstall PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Design 2021:
1. Click Start. Select Settings and then select Control Panel.
Double-click Add/Remove Programs. The Programs and Features dialog box appears.
2. Double-click PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Design 2021. The confirmation message appears.
3. Click Yes to confirm the deletion. A message may ask you whether to delete a shared file. If you know that
the file is not used by another application, click Yes. Otherwise, click No.
4. Uninstall deletes the component and displays a screen verifying deletion.
5. Click OK again.
Note: The order of uninstalling components and/or creating files under the PIPEPHASE tree may cause certain
single files to remain on the disk. After uninstalling a component, check the corresponding installation directory
for remaining files and delete them manually.
Accessing User-Added Subroutines (UAS)

You can choose to install the directories for UAS during the standard installation procedures. See the
instructions earlier in this chapter.
Building and Using PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Design UAS
User-Added Subroutines written in FORTRAN can be integrated into PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Design by
creating a new D_MAINONE.DLL module. User- Added Subroutines for the PRO/II thermodynamics can be
integrated into PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Design by creating a new FFPESUASLB.DLL.
The User-Added Subroutines must be compiled and linked using Intel Visual FORTRAN (or IVF) for Windows 7.
Refer to the Hardware/Software Requirements section of "Chapter 1" for information concerning the version of
IVF required for this release of PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Design.
The build procedures outlined in this chapter assumes that you are familiar with the currently supported
versions of the Windows OS and IVF.
This manual does not contain instructions on writing the FORTRAN subroutines or using IVF. For information on
using IVF, see the Compaq Visual FORTRAN Programmer's Guide.
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Note: These instructions assume that you have installed the PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Design UAS files in the
default directory structure, C:\SIMSCI\Pphase2021\UserAdd. Modify the paths indicated in the procedure
below if you have installed the routine in a directory structure other than the default structure.
Workspace for PIPEPHASE User-Added Routines

The workspace C:\SIMSCI\Pphase2021\UserAdd\MakeWsp contains several projects, listed below in the order
most commonly used:
Table 3-1: Work Space for PIPEPHASE User Added Routines
Project Description Build Products
D_MAINONE Project used to update PIPEPHASE user-added D_MAINONE.DLL

routines (i.e. HUSER1.FOR)
Mainone_cpp Main program entry point provided for debugging MAINONE.EXE
purposes
FFPESUASLB Project used to update PRO/II thermo user-added FFPESUASLB.DLL
routines **(i.e. HUSER1.FOR)
** Refer to the PIPEPHASE documentation for information regarding PIPEPHASE User-Added capabilities.
Note: Build products must be copied into the C:\PROGRAM FILES\COMMON

FILES\SIMSCI\FLUIDFLOW2021\BIN directory. You should save the original products into another directory in
case you want to go back to the standard release version.
Build Sample One: Customize a Pressure Drop Model

In this sample build procedure, we will integrate the sample UAS routine HUSER1.FOR into D_MAINONE.DLL.
First you must open the development project:
 Start IVF by selecting it from the Start menu.
 Select the Open Workspace option from the menu.
 Select project \SIMSCI\Pphase2021\USERADD\MAKEWSP\MAKESP.SLN
 Set the active project to D_MAINONE by selecting Set Active Project from the Project menu.
Next you must add the file HUSER1.FOR into project:
 Select the folder "CLIENT USER FILES" and use the right mouse button to select the "Add Files to Folder"
option.
 Add the file \SIMSCI\Pphase2021\USERADD\USERSRC\HUSER1.FOR. (If this file is already in the project, a
message will be displayed.)
 Click OK to close the window and update the project file.
Next you can update the code and build D_MAINONE.DLL:
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 Modify the user added routine. For example increase the frictional pressure drop by 10% (PGF = PGF*1.1).
 Select the "Win 32 Release" version.
 Select the Rebuild All option from the Build menu. This builds D_MAINONE.DLL in directory
\SIMSCI\PPHASE2021\USERADD\MAKEWSP. Copy this file to the C:\PROGRAM FILES\COMMON
FILES\SIMSCI\FLUIDFLOW2021\BIN directory.
Now you can verify the UAS in the build:
 Run file \SIMSCI\Pphase2021\USERADD\USERINP\HUSER.INP and compare the results to file HUSER.CHK.
View the Node Summary and verify that the pressure drop has changed as expected.
You may also use the MAINONE_CPP project for debugging.
 Repeat the build procedures for D_MAINONE.DLL but select the "Win 32 Debug" option. D_MAINONE.DLL
will still be built directory \SIMSCI\PPHASE2021\USERADD\MAKEWSP. Copy this file to the C:\PROGRAM
FILES\COMMON FILES\SIMSCI\FLUIDFLOW2021\BIN directory.
 Now set the active project to MAINONE_CPP by selecting Set Active Project from the Project menu.
 Select the "Win 32 Debug" version.
 Select the Rebuild All option from the Build menu. IVF will build the MAINONE.EXE in the directory
\SIMSCI\Pphase2021\USERADD\MAKEWSP. Copy this file to the C:\PROGRAM FILES\COMMON
 Copy the FFPESUASLB.pdb file from \SIMSCI\Pphase2021\USERADD\MAKEWSP to the C:\PROGRAM
FILES\COMMON FILES\SIMSCI\FLUIDFLOW2021\BIN directory.
 Set RunOutOfProc=0 under [Preferences] section in PIPEPHASE.INI located in the directory
\SIMSCI\Pphase2021\USER. By default this value is set to 1. It is advisable to reset it to the default value
when not debugging.
 Set the debug options as follows:
Executable for… C:\PROGRAM FILES (x86)\COMMON

FILES\SIMSCI\FLUIDFLOW2021\BIN\MAINONE
Working Dir… C:\PROGRAM FILES (x86)\COMMON

FILES\SIMSCI\FLUIDFLOW2021\BIN
Program Arg…. /F=filename /D=\SIMSCI\Pphase2021\USER\
/ I=\SIMSCI\Pphase2021\USER\ PIPEPHASE.INI
 Set a breakpoint in MAINONE_CPP at command to "Run Preprocessor" and run to this breakpoint.
 Now you can set breakpoints in the user added routines and debug as normal.
Build Sample Two: Customize a PRO/II Thermo routine

In this sample build procedure, we will integrate the sample UAS routine UKHS1.FOR into FFPESUASLB.DLL.
First you must open the development project:
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 Start IVF by selecting it from the Start menu.

 Select the Open Workspace option from the menu.
 Select file C:\SIMSCI\Pphase2021\USERADD\MAKEWSP\MAKEWSP.SLN and click OK.
 Set the active project to FFPESUASLB by selecting Set Active Project from the Project menu.
Next, you must add the file UKHS1.FOR into the project:
 Select the folder "CLIENT USER FILES" and use the right mouse button to select the "Add Files to Folder"
option.
 Add the file \SIMSCI\Pphase2021\USERADD\MAKEWSP\FFPESUASLB\UKHS1.FOR. (If this file is already in the
project, a message will be displayed.)
 Click OK to close the window and update the project file.
Next you can update the code and build FFPESUASLB.DLL:
 Select the "Win 32 Release" version.
 Modify the user added routine. For example, increase the liquid density by 10% (DENSE = DENSE*1.1).
 Select the Rebuild All option from the Build menu. IVF will build the FFPESUASLB.DLL module in the directory
\SIMSCI\PPHASE2021\USERADD \MAKEWSP. Copy these files to the C:\PROGRAM FILES (x86)\COMMON
Note: To update the version identification to include the "UAS", you must rebuild D_MAINONE.DLL as
described in the previous example.
Now you can verify the UAS build:
 Run file \SIMSCI\Pphase2021\USERADD\USERINP\ETH_UAS.INP and compare the results to file
ETH_UAS.CHK.
Note: You may debug your routines by building this dll in debug mode as described in the previous example.
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Chapter 4
Troubleshooting Licensing Issue
For information on how to troubleshoot licensing issues, refer to

 Troubleshoot FNP Licensing Issues chapter in AVEVA License Security User Guide
 Troubleshoot USB Licensing Issues chapter in AVEVA License Security User Guide
The guide is available in the C:\Program Files (x86)\Common Files\SIMSCI\UniqueFileFolder folder.

If you are unable to correct the problem, contact Technical Support located at your local Technical Support 8,
as listed in Introduction section
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Chapter 5
Getting Started
Starting PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Design

To start PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Design:
 Double-click the PIPEPHASE™ Pipeline Network Design 2021 icon. The main PIPEPHASE™ Pipeline Network
Design dialog box appears.
Figure 5-1: The PIPEPHASE™ Pipeline Network Design Main Window
You can
 Open a new simulation file (select File/New),
 Open an existing file (select File/Open), or
 Import a keyword file (select File/Import Keyword File).
The elements of the PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Design main window are described in Table 5-1.
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Chapter 5 – Getting Started
Navigating the PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Design Main Window
The Main Tabs

Express Ribbon Bar
Use the Express ribbon bar to access most commonly and frequently used operations.
The Express Ribbon bar enables ribbon for the following common functions:
 File operations
 Network run/view options
 Common utilities such as PFD view, Zoom, Find.
File Ribbon Bar
The File Ribbon bar provides the following standard file operations:
 Does not change ribbon bar unless simulation is opened or closed
 Opening new simulation shows Express bar
 File options and product settings
Input Ribbon Bar
The Input Ribbon bar enables the following options to setup network simulation:
 Print Options, UOM, PVT data, Calculation Options, Global Defaults
 Icons to laydown flowsheet (i.e. Source)
 Common utilities
Tools Ribbon Bar
The Tools Ribbon bar enables the following options:
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 Print Options, UOM, PVT data, Calculation Options, Global Defaults

 Icons to laydown flowsheet (i.e. Source)
 Common utilities
Run/View Ribbon Bar
The Run/View Ribbon bar enables the following options:

 Access to Run, Launch RAS, TRAS, View Outputs in different format
 View PFD Input and Results
 Generate and View reports in Excel
 Update/Clear estimates
Help Menu
The Help menu enables the following:

 Does not change ribbon bar unless simulation is opened or closed
Using the File Ribbon Bar

These buttons enable you to open a new or existing simulation, import a keyword file, save a simulation, run a
simulation, or view or print an output. These buttons duplicate menu options available on the File menu.
Button Menu Item Description
New Enables you to create a new simulation.
Open Enables you to open an existing simulation.
Import Keyword File Enables you to import an existing input file.
Save Enables you to save an open simulation.
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Run Enables you to run the simulation.
Excel Reports Enables you to create Excel Reports.
Print Enables you to print the output file or the flowsheet.
Close Simulation Enables you to close the simulation.
Using the Network Simulation Data

These buttons enable you to customize your calculation options, input dimensions, and global defaults, add
optimization, and add component and thermodynamic or PVT data.
Problem Description Enables you to describe the simulation problem..
Problem Definition Enables you to define the simulation.
Print Enables you to print the output file or the flowsheet.
Input Units of Measure Enables you to specify your input units of measurements.
Output Units of Enables you to instruct PIPEPHASE which units of measure to use for
Measure the text output report.
Component Library Enables you to specify your component slate for compositional fluids.
PVT Data Enables you to specify your thermodynamic or PVT data.
Network Calculation Enables you to enter network calculation methods.

Methods
Global Defaults Enables you to enter global defaults.
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Optimization Data Enables you to enter network optimization data.
User Databases Enables you to read from, or write to, database files of compressor,
pump, or ESP performance data curves, or reservoir group data.
Case Study Allows you to perform studies on a base case solution by altering
parameters and rerunning.
Time-stepping Allows you to examine how performance is affected as reservoir
pressure declines with cumulative production and as changes are made
to devices in the system.
Gas lift data (Gas lift Allows you to investigate the effects of lift gas on well production.
analysis)
User splitting at tees Allows you to connect two or more streams together into a steam
(steam models) network.
Thermo Data Manager Enables you to view all the libraries that are entered in TDM.
(compositional)
Using the Quick Analysis Buttons

Line Sizing Enables you to do Line sizing on a single link within a network
simulation. The selected link must be attached to a source link.
Nodal Analysis Enables you to perform Phase Envelope or Flash calculations for this
node without running the network simulation. The pressure traverse,
ice curves or hydrate curves can be added to the phase envelope plot.
Hot Flash for selected Enables you to perform Phase Envelope or Flash calculations for this
node node without running the network simulation.
Hydrate Curves Enables you to add hydrate curves to the plot. The hotkey supports a
single Hydrate Definition which is a subset of the complete
functionality available in the Hydrate Unit.
Using the PFD Tools

These buttons enable you to view the PFDs in input or output format.
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PFD View Input Enables you to view the flowsheet input format.
PFD View Output Enables you to view the flowsheet output format.
Using the Edit Buttons

These buttons enable you to edit the existing unit operations.
Cut Unit Enables you to select the unit that you want to cut from the main
PFD.
Copy Unit Enables you to select the unit that you want to be copied on the main
PFD.
Paste Unit Enables you to paste selected the unit on the main PFD.
Edit the Enbales you to add text and graphical objects on the main PFD screen
Drawing/Objects to annotate the flowsheet.
Using Run/Results Buttons

The Run/Results buttons duplicate functions on the Run Simulation floating palette. They allow you to run, stop
a simulation or permit viewing results and generate output reports. The Generate Output button duplicates an
Output menu item.
Run Simulation and Enables you to run the simulation and view results.
View Results
Run Simulation/Pause Enables you to run or pause the simulation
View Output Report Enables you to view output report in notepad format.
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Create Excel Report Enables you to generate Excel Summary or Link report
View Excel Report Enables you to view the generated Excel report.
View Node/Link Excel Enables you to view the selected node or link report in Excel format.
Report
RAS Results Excess Enables you to access to all results data from any simulation run,
System whether performed using the Graphical User Interface or from a
keyword file.
TRAS Transient Results Enables you to manage, configure and view reports, tables and plots of
TACITE results data.
AVEVA Excel Enables you to create custom Excel applications for your simulation.
Simulation
Using the Structure and Unit Operation Buttons

These buttons enable you to add sources, sinks, junction, calculator units, or hydrate units to the flowsheet.
Add Source to Enables you to add a source to the flowsheet.

Flowsheet
Add Sink to Enables you to add a sink to the flowsheet.

Flowsheet
Add Junction to Enables you to add a junction to the flowsheet.

Flowsheet
Add Manifold to Enables you to add a Manifold unit to the flowsheet.

Flowsheet
Add Calculator to Enables you to add a calculator unit to the flowsheet.

Flowsheet
Add Hydrate Unit Enables you to add a hydrate unit to the flowsheet.
to Flowsheet
Combine Links to Enables you to add a link to the groups.
Groups
Add Image to Enables you to add an image to the flowsheet.

Flowsheet
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Using the Zoom and Redraw Buttons

These buttons allow you to refresh, zoom in and out, search an object/Device on the flowsheet.
Zoom In Enables you to zoom in on the flowsheet.

Selected Area
Zoom Out Enables you to zoom out of the flowsheet.

Flowsheet
Zoom 100% Enables you to zoom in 100%, i.e., display the entire simulation in the
Flowsheet main window.
Refresh Enables you to refresh the flowsheet.

Flowsheet
Search for Enables you to search an object/device in a flowsheet.

Object
PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Design Main Window Components

The elements of the PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Design main window are described in Table 5-1.
Table 5-1: PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Design Main Window Components
Component Description
Control-Menu Box Displays a menu with commands for sizing, moving and closing
the active window.
Title Bar Identifies the application and the name of the open file; can be
used to move the entire window.
Minimize Button Enables you to reduce the application to an icon.
Maximize/Restore Button (Not Enables you to enlarge a window to full-screen or restore a
shown) window to its default size.
Ribbon Bar Identifies the ribbons available in PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network
Design: File, Express, Input, Tools, Run/View, and Help.
Toolbar Provides push button access to various File, Express, Input, Tools,
Run/View, and Help ribbon bar options.
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Component Description
Main Window Provides the repository for placing sources, sinks, or junction,
adding links, and calculator or hydrates units, i.e., for drawing the
network diagram.
Horizontal Scroll Bar Provides a sliding scale for moving the flowsheet right or left in
the PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Design main window.
Vertical Scroll Bar Provides a sliding scale for moving the flowsheet up or down in
the PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Design main window.
Status Bar Provides guidance, focus and error messages for the active
feature or object.
Border Handles Enables you to quickly change window height, width, or size by
grabbing the corresponding border handle and dragging it to a
new position.
To learn how to build a network, enter data, and run and optimize a simulation, see Tutorial (see "Tutorial" on
page 100).
Using the Menus

The names of the INPLANT Fluid Flow Design main menus appear on the various Ribbon bars. From these ribbon
bars, you can access most PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Design operations.
To display a menu:
 Click on the menu name or press <Alt+n> where n is the underlined letter in the menu name.
For example, to display the File menu, either click File, or press <Alt+F>.
Figure : File Menu/Ribbon Bar
1. New
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2. Open
3. Import Keyword File
4. Close
5. Save
6. Save As
7. Right-Click
8. (For menu selection – recent files)
9. Exit
Figure : Express Ribbon Bar
1. New
2. Open
3. Import
4. Save
5. Close
6. Run Window
7. Run Network
8. View Output File
9. Create Excel Report
10. View Excel
11. View Excel report for Node or Link name
12. View RAS
13. View TRAS
14. AVEVA Excel Simulation
Figure: Input Ribbon Bar
1. Problem Description
2. Problem Definition
3. Print Options
4. Input UOM
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5. Output UOM
6. PVT data /Thermo Methods
7. Components (disabled or gone for non-compositional)
8. Calculation Methods
9. Global Defaults
10. Source (change to Vessel when appropriate – no duplicate sources)
11. Sink (change to Flare when appropriate – no duplicate sources)
12. Junction
13. Manifold
14. Calculator units
15. Hydrate Units
16. Image
Figure : Tools Ribbon Bar
1. Flow Line Data

2. User Databases
3. Case Study
4. Time Stepping
5. Optimization
6. Gas Lift Data
7. User Defined Splitting
8. Launch Thermo Data Manager
9. Cut
10. Copy
11. Paste
12. Edit PFD drawings and Object
13. Run Line sizing
14. Run Nodal Analysis for selected link
15. Hot Flash for selected node
16. Hot Phase Envelope for selected link
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Figure : Run/View Ribbon Bar
1. PFD View Options

2. View Node/Link Network Results
3. Rotate Node/Straighten Link
4. Adjust Text
5. Items to Exclude
6. Remap network
7. Edit initial estimates
8. Update estimates
9. Clear Estimates
10. Run Window
11. Run Network
12. View output Report
13. Create Excel Report
14. View Excel Report
15. View Node/Link Excel Report
16. View RAS
17. View TRAS
18. AVEVA Excel Simulation
Choosing a Menu Item

To choose a menu item, do one of the following:
 Double-click the desired item.
Or,
 Use the arrow keys to highlight the item then press <Enter>.
Manipulating the PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Design Window

The PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Design window offers a variety of features that enable you to customize how
PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Design appears relative to the full screen and relative to other applications.
Note: PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Design does not support multiple sessions for two different files located in
the same directory.
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Changing Window Size

The Windows interface provides tools for resizing each window. Some tools automatically change a window to a
particular size and orientation, others enable you to control the magnification.
Tools Description/Action
Minimize/Maximize By clicking on the minimize and maximize buttons, you can automatically adjust
Buttons the size of a window.
Border Handles You can use the window border to manually change the size of the main
window. The border works like a handle that you can grab with the cursor and
drag to a new position.
Control Menu You can also use the Control menu to Restore, Move, Size, Minimize, or
Maximize a window.
Window Position You can change the position of the main window (or any pop-up window) by
clicking on the title bar and dragging the window to a new position.
Control-menu Box You can also use the control-menu box to move a window.
To display the control-menu box:

 Click the control-menu box in the top left hand corner of the PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Design main
window or use <Alt+Space>.
 Select the Move option from the menu.
Changing Window Position

You can change the position of the main dialog box (or any pop-up dialog box) by dragging the title bar.
Working with On-screen Color Coding Cues

PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Design provides the standard visual cue (grayed out text and icons) for unavailable
menu items and toolbar buttons. In addition, on the network, PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Design uses colored
borders liberally to indicate the current status of the simulation.
Table 5-2: Flowsheet Color Codes
Color Significance
Red Required data. Actions or data required of the user

Green Optional or default data
Blue Data supplied by user
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Yellow Questionable data. A warning that the value supplied by user is outside
the normal range.
Gray Data field not available to user
Black Data entry not required
Using the Control Menu
In addition to the border handles, you can also use the Control menu to Restore, Move, Size, Minimize, or
Maximize a dialog box. Open the Control menu by pressing <Alt+Space>.
Using Border Handles

You can use the dialog box border to change the size of the main dialog box. The border works like a handle that
you can grab with the cursor and drag to a new position.
Using the Data Entry Window Icons

Each Data Entry Window icon provides quick access to the main data entry dialog box for the selected section of
input.
Icon Name Description
Problem Description Describes the current simulation and relates it to a

specific project.
Problem Definition Describes the simulation definition
Print Options Enables the print options
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Input Units of Measure Sets units of measure specific to this simulation. Each
new simulation extracts defaults from the default
Unit of Measure Set.
Output Units of measure Sets output units of measure for this specific
simulation.
Component Data Specifies the components and pseudo components

for the current simulation.
Global Defaults Set up default methods and values. These settings

will be used throughout the simulation unless
specifically over-ridden. In this way, repetitive data
entry can be avoided, particularly when entering
device data..
Thermodynamic/PVT Data Selects thermodynamic methods for the current
simulation.
Network Data Opens the network calculation methods dialog box to

control the way the network is calculated. Note that
the name of a link can affect how the network is
calculated.
Add Source to Flowsheet Click the icon to add the source to the flowsheet
where you want to source to be positioned.
Add Sink to Flowsheet Click the icon to add the sink to the flowsheet where
you want to source to be positioned.
Add Junction to Flowsheet Click the icon to add the junction to the flowsheet
Add Manifold to Flowsheet Click the icon to add the manifold to the flowsheet
Combine Links to Lines Click this icon to define Link Groups.
User Databases Opens the User Database settings dialog box. Use this
window to read from, or write to, database files of
compressor, pump, or ESP performance data curves,
or reservoir group data.
Input/Assay Modifies TBP cut points and characterization options
for generating pseudo components from Assay
streams.
Input/Reaction Data Defines reactions and provides heat of reaction,
equilibrium, or kinetic data for reaction sets.
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Add Calculator to Flowsheet Use this dialog box to create or delete Procedure
blocks in order to calculate kinetic reaction rates.
Add Hydrate Unit to Flowsheet The Hydrates unit predicts the pressure and
temperature regime in which the fluid at a node
(source, sink, or junction) is vulnerable to hydrate
formation. Different ranges of temperature and
pressure can be examined. Calculations assume the
presence of free water for hydrates to form. Hydrate
calculations are available only for compositional fluid
types.
Add image to flowsheet Allows you to insert image to a flowsheet.
Case Study Allows you to perform studies on a base case solution

by altering parameters and rerunning
Time Stepping Allows you to examine how performance is affected

as reservoir pressure declines with cumulative
production and as changes are made to devices in
the system.
Optimization Allows the operating conditions of an entire facility to
be optimized. Typical applications are the
minimization of capital costs or the maximization of
profit.
Gas lift analysis Allows you to investigate the effects of lift gas on
well production.
User splitting at tees Allows you to connect two or more streams together
into a steam network.
Thermo Data Manager Enables you to view all the libraries that are entered
in TDM
Using Minimize/Maximize Buttons
The minimize and maximize buttons automatically adjust the size of a dialog box.
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Using the Help Tab

This chapter allows you to use the various help materials such as online help, tutorials available for reference.
This helps you in using the INPLANT application.
Group name Tab Options/Icons Description
Contents Click to display the Table of Contents for the Online Help
system.
Help Help
Search for Click to display the Search dialog box, which allows you to
search for Help topics by typing or selecting a keyword.
Technical Click to display the Search dialog box, which allows you to
Support search for Help topics by typing or selecting a keyword.
About this Click to enter the "What is?" help mode. The cursor
Product changes to "?" in this mode, and when the mouse is
clicked on any menu item, or anywhere on the Main
Window, the help topic for that item is displayed.
Exiting PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Design

To exit PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Design, do one of the following:
 Click Exit on the File menu.
 Double-click the icon in the upper left hand corner of the PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Design main
window and then click Close.
Using PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Design

Defining the Application
This section contains information about the way PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Design works, the data that you
need to supply, and the correlations used.
This section is arranged according to what you want to do, the type of fluid you have, and the type of pipeline
network. For each of the capabilities of PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Design, this chapter explains which data
you are required to provide and which data you may optionally supply. Throughout this section, the right hand
column (See...) provides the title of the GUI window where you can input that data, or the manual where
additional information can be found.
The first thing you should do before using PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Design is to decide what type of
application you have. This depends on:
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 The properties of the fluid(s) flowing through the piping system,

 The flowrates and conditions at which those fluids enter and leave the piping system,
 The structure and elements of the piping system, and
 Other special processes you want to simulate, such as Gas Lift Analysis.
Properties of Fluids
There are seven types of fluids modeled in PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Design:
 Compositional
o Mixed phases
o Liquid
o Vapor
 Compositional Blackoil
 Non-compositional
o Blackoil
o Gas Condensate
o Gas
o Liquid
o Steam
The fluid type controls how the program is able to obtain the physical properties necessary for pressure drop
and heat transfer calculations – either from the PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Design databank, from built-in
empirical correlations, or from user-supplied input. Steam is a special case of a non-compositional fluid, for
which PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Design uses the GPSA steam tables.
Compositional fluids are defined as mixtures of chemical components with a known composition. For
compositional fluids, PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Design will calculate the phase separation whenever
prevailing process fluid conditions are required. However, you may instruct PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Design
to assume the fluid is one phase at all times, thus reducing the time the program takes to solve by continually
bypassing the vapor-liquid equilibrium (flash) calculation.
Non-compositional gases and liquids are single-phase. Blackoil is a liquid-dominated, two-phase model. Gas
Condensate is a gas-dominated, two-phase model. Steam is a single component, two-phase model.
Optimization
PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Design can optimize network problems of virtually any size. You can minimize or
maximize any objective function or even tune your simulation to match measured data, while satisfying
operational or design constraints. A PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Design model can be optimized over time
resulting in efficient optimized design, planning, forecasting, and operation of a field.
Link to Reservoir Simulator Models
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PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Design’s Reservoir Interface allows you to link the network simulator to Reservoir
Simulation models such as the GEMS reservoir simulation model. This integrated solution provides greater
simulation consistency and accuracy, resulting in savings of millions of dollars over the lifetime of a field in terms
of planning and scheduling.
Flows and Conditions of Fluids
Fluids enter piping systems at sources and leave at sinks. Fluids with different properties may enter at different
sources, but they must all be of the same type.
In general, you have to assign flowrates, temperatures and pressures to sources and/or sinks. For compositional
fluids, you also have to assign compositions to the source fluids. The exceptions are explained below in What
PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Design Calculates.
Gaslift and Sphering
Two special applications, relevant to oil production and gas transportation, can be modeled with PIPEPHASE
Pipeline Network Design. You can use PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Design to investigate the effects of lift gas on
well production and optimize the allocation of limited lift gas for multiple wells. Sphering or Pigging is used to
increase gas flow efficiency in wet gas and gas dominated multiphase pipelines.
Piping Structure
Before providing input problem data to PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Design, it is important that you convert the
structure of the piping system into a simpler schematic representation of the relevant nodes (i.e., sources,
junctions, and sinks) and links. You must label each node and link both uniquely and logically for future
reference.
What PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Design Calculates
PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Design solves the equations that define the relationship between pressure drop
and flowrate. PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Design can also calculate heat losses and gains.
With a single link, PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Design will calculate the pressure drop for a known flowrate.
Alternatively, for a given pressure drop, PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Design will calculate the flowrate.
With a network configuration, you may supply a combination of known flowrates and pressures at sources
and/or sinks and PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Design will calculate the unknowns. The combination of knowns
that you are allowed to supply are explained later on.
Rating, Design, Case Studies, and Nodal Analysis
PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Design works in both rating and design modes. In rating mode, you supply data
about the pipes, fittings and equipment and PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Design calculates the pressure and
temperature profiles. In design mode, PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Design calculates line sizes. Case Studies can
be performed in either mode. Nodal Analysis can be performed on single links.
Global Settings
Before you provide PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Design with information about the fluid and piping structure of
your problem, global parameters may be set and the problem definition described. Choices can be made on
control of the simulation, define the input units, specify how much output you want, and set global defaults for
use throughout the simulation.
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To provide... See...
Descriptive You can further describe the problem using Simulation Description
text up to four lines of 60 characters each. This
description appears once at the top of each
page.
If you are using the Case Study facility, you Simulation Description
may add one line of description for each case
study. You will find further details about case
studies later in this chapter.
If you are using the Nodal Analysis facility, Simulation Description
you may add two lines of description, one for
inflow and one for outflow. You will find
further details about nodal analysis later in
this chapter.
Input data You may use PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Run Simulation and View Results
Design just to check your input syntax and
checking
topology and not to perform any calculations.
Units of Measurement
PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Design allows you to construct a group of units of measure (or "dimensions") which
are to be used throughout the entire simulation input. However, you can locally override individual units of
measure where necessary. The output will always be in the units supplied on the Input Dimensions window,
unless specific output overrides or supplements are provided on the Output Dimensions window.
To provide... See...
Input units Global units of measurement are defined at Input Dimensions

the beginning of the input. PIPEPHASE Pipeline
Network Design has four pre-selected sets for
user convenience: Petroleum, English, Metric,
and SI. You should select the set closest to
your requirements. You can then re-define
units of measurement either globally at the
start of the input or individually when you
supply the data. If you do not select a set,
PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Design defaults
to the Petroleum set.
Printout Options
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PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Design generates a great deal of data during its calculations. The default printout is
normally sufficient for most engineering applications. You may increase or decrease the amount of output
depending upon your requirements.
To set the... See...
Output units The default units of measurement for Output Dimensions

output are the same as those defined
globally for the input. You may define a
separate set of units for the output.
Input reprint You will always get a reprint of your input Print Options
file. PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Design
then reprints its interpretation of the
input. You may suppress this
interpretation for the output.
Iterative results During solution of a network, PIPEPHASE Print Options
Pipeline Network Design iterates until it
converges to within the set tolerance. You
can request a printout that shows
intermediate results. This can be useful in
helping converge large or sensitive
networks.
Flash results In a compositional run, PIPEPHASE Print Options
Pipeline Network Design prints out phase
equilibrium details and the properties of
the phases at each node. This output can
be suppressed.
Devices You can request a range of detail for Print Options
different devices. In addition, special
outputs are produced for sphering.
Properties PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Design can Print Options
output output all properties used in the detailed
calculations.
Plotting options In addition to tabular data, plots of Print Options
pressure and temperature versus distance
may be requested. The Taitel-Dukler flow
regime map may also be produced for
links operating in two-phase flow. Phase
Envelope and Nodal Analysis plots may
also be generated.
Results Access Using the PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network PIPEPHASE RAS Main Window
System (RAS) Design RAS, you may examine data that
have been produced by a run of the
program. You may also print or plot the
Version 2021
To set the... See...

results using EXCEL.
Optimizer You can set the printout level of optimizer Print Options
Output cycle results and control the output of the
intermediate results.
Defaults
Many of PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Design’s data items are defaulted. If you do not explicitly specify an item
or a calculation method, the program will automatically assign a value or method. These values – for example 29
BTU/hr-ft-oF for pipe thermal conductivity and the Moody method for single-phase pressure drop calculations –
have been selected to be reasonable for normal engineering purposes, but are not necessarily the best for your
particular application. They are there for your convenience and are not intended to replace engineering
judgement. You should check that you do not get invalid results through their use.
For convenience, PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Design allows you to change some defaults globally at the start of
the input.
To define... See...
Flow device You can specify global values for the Global Defaults
parameters pipe, riser, tubing and annulus inside
diameter, the surrounding medium,
and the parameters associated with
pressure drop and heat transfer. You
can override these settings for
individual pipes.
Heat Transfer You can define the heat transfer from Global Defaults
pipes, risers, tubings, and annuli as an
overall coefficient or by defining the
parameters - viscosity, conductivity,
velocity, etc. - for the surrounding soil,
air, or water. You can select a medium
and optionally override these settings
for individual pipes. You can globally
suppress heat transfer calculations and
then reinstate them for individual
pipes, risers, tubings, and annuli.
Pressure drop You can globally set the pressure drop Global Defaults
methods method and the Palmer parameters for
liquid holdup. You can override the
pressure drop method for individual
pipes, risers, tubings, and annuli.
Transitional flow You can globally set the transitional Global Defaults
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To define... See...
Reynolds Number between laminar and
turbulent flow regimes.
Limits You can change the maximum and Global Defaults
minimum values of temperature and
pressure for flash calculations. If the
program detects conditions outside
these limits, warning messages will be
presented in the output.
Defining Fluid Properties

PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Design requires the properties of the fluid to calculate pressure drops, heat
transfer and phase ratios. There are two major classifications of fluid models: compositional and
non-compositional.
A fluid model is compositional when it can be defined in terms of its individual components either directly or
through an assay curve. PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Design will then predict the fluid’s properties by applying
the appropriate mixing rules to the pure component properties. Unless PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Design is
instructed otherwise, it will perform phase equilibrium calculations for the fluid and determine the quantity and
properties of the liquid and vapor phases.
A fluid model is non-compositional when it is defined with average correlated properties.
Defining Properties for Compositional Fluids

PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Design requires thermodynamic and transport properties to calculate phase splits,
pressure drops, and heat transfer.
All required properties of compositional fluids are predicted from the properties of the pure components. These
are mixed to get the properties of the fluid.
There are three methods for defining a component:
 Selecting individual components from the PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Design library,
 Defining individual components as petroleum pseudocomponents,
 Defining an assay curve and having PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Design divide it into petroleum cuts.
The compositional fluid can be defined in terms of any combination of these options. You can have different
compositions at each source.
Water as a Special Component
PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Design can rigorously predict phase separations involving more than one liquid
phase. However, there is a simplified way of dealing with water in hydrocarbon systems. Because water is only
sparingly soluble in oil, a hydrocarbon system with a significant amount of water will often form two liquid
phases. PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Design will handle calculations involving water in hydrocarbons by one of
three methods:
 Rigorous three-phase flash to calculate composition in three phases.
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 It can calculate the solubility of water in the hydrocarbon phase and put the excess water into a pure
aqueous phase. All the aqueous phase properties will be calculated separately from those of the
hydrocarbon phase.
 It can assume that the water is completely soluble.
Library Components
The SIMSCI library contains over 1700 components. A full list is available in the SIMSCI Component and
Thermodynamic Data Input Manual. For all components, the databank contains data for all the fixed properties
and temperature-dependent properties necessary to carry out phase equilibrium calculations. For all common
components, the databank also contains a full set of transport properties necessary to carry out pressure drop
and heat transfer calculations. If you need to supplement the data, or override the library data with your own,
you may do so.
Non-library Components
You may use components not found in the SIMSCI library. You must input all the necessary data for
thermodynamic and transport properties. If you need help in determining data for such components, you may
use SIMSCI’s DATAPREP program.
To specify... See...
Library components All fixed property data may be accessed from the Component Data, Library
SIMSCI databank. All you need to do is supply the Component Data
name of the component.
You may override the SIMSCI constant properties Component Data, Edit Library
for any or all of the components. Component
You may override the SIMSCI variable SIMSCI Component and
(temperature-dependent) properties for any or all Thermodynamic Data Input
of the components. Manual
Non-library If you want to use a component that is not in the SIMSCI Component and
components SIMSCI Bank, you must supply its name and all the Thermodynamic Data Input
required properties. Manual
Petroleum Pseudocomponents
To define hydrocarbon pseudocomponents, you must supply at least two of the following three parameters:
 Molecular weight
 Gravity
 Normal boiling point
PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Design will predict the third if you omit it. PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Design uses
industry-standard characterization methods to predict all fixed and temperature-dependent property data for
each pseudocomponent. You may select the method most suitable for your own mixture.
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To supply ... See...
Pseudo Define petroleum pseudocomponents by supplying Component Data, Library

components at least two of the following: molecular weight, Component Data
gravity, and normal boiling point.
Property calculation You may select the method PIPEPHASE Pipeline Component Data
methods Network Design will use to calculate the properties
of your pseudocomponents.
Fixed Property Data You can supply your own fixed property data to Component Data
override the data that PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network
Design predicts.
Variable Property You can supply your own temperature-dependent Component Data
Data property data to override the data that PIPEPHASE
Pipeline Network Design predicts.
Assay Curve
If your fluid is defined by an assay curve (TBP, D86, D2887, or D1160), PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Design will
divide it into a number of cuts. You can control the number of cuts and the ranges they cover. Each of the cuts is
then treated as a pseudocomponent, as described previously. You may also define a lightends analysis to go with
the assay curve.
To supply ... See...
Assay Data You supply an assay curve, and PIPEPHASE Pipeline Component Data
Network Design will divide it into petroleum cuts. You
supply it in the form of D86, D1160, D2887, TBP, or
TBP at 10 mm Hg curves.
You must also supply gravity as API or specific gravity Component Data
or UOP K-factor either as a curve against percent
vaporized or as an average value.
PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Design will calculate Component Data
molecular weight data, or you may supply it as an
average or a curve against percent vaporized.
You may define the number of petroleum fractions to Component Data,
be generated and their temperature ranges. Temperature Cut Points
You may select the method PIPEPHASE Pipeline Component Data

Network Design will use to calculate the properties of
the generated petroleum fractions.
Mixed component You can mix defined components and Component Data
types pseudocomponents with assay data by defining a
lightends composition and rate for each source.
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Additional Component Capabilities

All the features of SIMSCI’s industry-standard component property databank and methods have been
incorporated into PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Design. These are summarized in Table 5-3. For details of these
methods and their applicability, please consult the SIMSCI Component and Thermodynamic Data Input Manual,
in the chapter detailed below.
Table 5-3: Summary of Other Component Property Options
Synthetic You may characterize a component as a synfuel of a Chapter 1

Components specific type or as a mixture of different petroleum
types.
Other fixed property Rackett parameter is required for the Rackett method Chapter 1
requirements for liquid densities.
Dipole moment and Radius of gyration are required for
the Hayden-O’Connell method for vapor properties.
Hildebrand solubility parameter and liquid molar
volume are required for various generalized and liquid
activity thermodynamic correlations. Van der Waal’s
area and volume are required for UNIFAC and
UNIQUAC liquid activity thermodynamic correlations.
Properties from You may define the structure of non-library Chapter 1
Structure components for use with the UNIFAC thermodynamic
method.
Thermodynamic Properties and Phase Separation

PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Design can use a generalized correlation, an equation of state, or a liquid activity
method to calculate thermodynamic properties at the flowing conditions and hence predict the split between
the liquid and vapor phases. The choice of the thermodynamic property calculation method depends on the
components in the fluid and the prevailing temperatures and pressures. PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Design
also provides a number of methods that can rigorously calculate vapor-liquid-liquid equilibrium.
Table 5-4 gives recommendations for the commonly found pipeline systems.
Table 5-4: Recommended Methods for Thermodynamic Properties
Method
Property Heavy Hydrocarbon Systems Light Hydrocarbon Natural Gas

Systems Systems
K-value Braun K10 (<100 psia) Peng-Robinson Peng-Robinson

Grayson-Streed Soave-Redlich-Kwong Soave-Redlich-Kwong
Peng-Robinson Lee-Kesler-Plöcker
Soave-Redlich-Kwong Benedict-Webb-Rubin-Starling
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Method
Chao-Seader
Enthalpy Curl-Pitzer Peng-Robinson Peng-Robinson

Johnson-Grayson Soave-Redlich-Kwong Soave-Redlich-Kwong
Lee-Kesler Lee-Kesler-Plöcker
Peng-Robinson BWRS
Soave-Redlich-Kwong Curl-Pitzer
Lee- Kesler
Liquid API API API
Density
Lee-Kesler Lee-Kesler Lee-Kesler
Vapor Peng-Robinson Peng-Robinson Peng-Robinson

Density
Soave-Redlich-Kwong Soave-Redlich-Kwong Soave-Redlich-Kwong
K-values, enthalpy, You must select a thermodynamic method for Thermodynamic

density calculating the vapor-liquid equilibrium and mixture Methods
properties from component properties. Either select
a system with a predefined method for each
property, or select an individual method for each
property.
Vapor-liquid-liquid You can specify a VLLE thermodynamic system or Thermodynamic
equilibria K-value method or specify a second LLE K-value Methods
method.
Different enthalpy You must include two enthalpy methods, one for the Thermodynamic
methods for liquid and liquid and one for the vapor. Methods
vapor
Different density You must include two density methods, one for the Thermodynamic
methods for liquid and liquid and one for the vapor. Methods
vapor
Aqueous phase enthalpy If you have water in a hydrocarbon system, you may Thermodynamic
select a method for calculating aqueous liquid and Methods
vapor enthalpies either by a simplified method
which assumes that the steam is at its saturation
point or by a rigorous method which takes into
account the degree of superheat of the vapor, if any.
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Binary interaction For some systems, notably close-boiling mixtures, Thermodynamic

parameters the standard equations do not adequately Methods
reproduce experimental phase equilibria data. You
may improve the predictability of many of the
equations of state, or liquid activity coefficient
methods by inputting your own binary interaction
parameter values. For example, you can tune the PR,
SRK, BWRS and LKP equations.
Transport Properties
The SIMSCI databank contains pure component data for the thermal conductivity, surface tension, and viscosity
of liquids and vapors as functions of temperature. You can choose to use these data and simple mixing rules to
predict the flowing properties of the fluid.
Alternatively you can choose to use the API Data Book property prediction methods and mixing rules for mixed
hydrocarbons.
Some 60 of the bank components have data for viscosity and thermal conductivity from the GPA TRAPP
program. If you choose to use the TRAPP data, all of your components must be TRAPP components and you
cannot have any pseudocomponents or assay data.
Prediction methods You may choose a method for calculating bulk Thermodynamic
transport properties from component properties. Methods
Select a system with predefined methods for each
property, or select an individual method for each
property.
Overriding viscosity To override the mixture liquid viscosity predictions, Thermodynamic
you may supply a liquid viscosity curve for either the Methods, User Viscosity
hydrocarbon liquid phase, the water phase or the Data
total liquid. A different viscosity curve may be
supplied for each source.
Using Multiple Methods

In most cases, a single set of thermodynamic and transport methods is adequate for calculating properties of all
sources. However, your flowsheet may contain sources with widely varying compositions or conditions such that
they cannot be simulated accurately using just one set. For this, you may define more than one set of methods
(there is no limit) and apply different sets to different sources.
More than one For each set use a separate METHOD statement. Fluid Property Data,
thermodynamic set Name the set using the SET keyword. Thermodynamic
Methods
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The set used by a source Link the source to the thermodynamic set using the Compositional Source
SET keyword.
A default thermodynamic When a single set is present, all sources use that set. Thermodynamic
set If you do not link the source to a thermodynamic Methods
set, it will use the default set. Normally this is the
first set that appears in the input. You can stipulate
that another set is the default, by setting that set as
the default.
Additional Thermodynamic Capabilities

All of SIMSCI’s industry-standard thermophysical property calculation methods have been incorporated into
PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Design. These are summarized in Table 5-5. For details of these methods and their
applicability, please consult Chapter 2 in the SIMSCI Component and Thermodynamic Data Input Manual.
Table 5-5: Summary of Other Thermodynamic Options
Generalized Correlations Grayson-Streed Chao-Seader

Improved-Grayson-Streed Chao-Seader-Erbar
Grayson-Streed-Erbar Ideal
Braun-K10
Equations of State Soave-Redlich-Kwong Panagiotopoulos-Reid
SRK-Kabadi-Danner Peng-Robinson
SRK-Huron-Vidal PR-Huron-Vidal
SRK-Panagiotopoulos-Reid PR-Panagiotopoulos-Reid
SRK-Modified BWRS
SRK-SIMSCI Uniwaals
SRK-Hexamer
Liquid Activity Methods Non-random Two-liquid Equation Universal Functional Activity
Universal Quasi-chemical (UNIQUAC) Coefficient (UNIFAC)
van Laar Lyngby-modified UNIFAC
Wilson Dortmund-modified UNIFAC
Margules Modified UNIFAC method
Regular Solution Theory Free volume modification to UNIFAC
Flory-Huggins Theory Ideal
Special Packages Glycol Amine
Sour Alcohol
GPA Sour Water
Other Features Heat of Mixing Henry’s Law
Poynting Correction Amine Residence Time
Correction
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Defining Properties for Non-compositional Fluids

A non-compositional fluid model must be defined as blackoil, gas condensate, liquid, gas, or steam. Blackoil and
gas condensate are two-phase, with one phase dominant. Gas and liquid fluid models are single-phase. Steam
may be single- or two-phase.
To... See...
Define the fluid You must tell PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Simulation Definition
Design the type of fluid you have; blackoil, gas
condensate, liquid, gas, or steam.
Supply different data for You may supply specific gravities for each Source
different sources source.
Liquid
All properties of a non-compositional liquid are calculated by PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Design from the
specific gravity and built-in correlations.
To... See...
Define the liquid You must define the liquid as water or Single Phase Liquid PVT
hydrocarbon, and supply its gravity. If the liquid Data
is water, the specific gravity must be 1.0 or
greater. For liquid hydrocarbon, the specific
gravity must be less than 1.0.
Specify the viscosity You may define the method that PIPEPHASE Single Phase Liquid PVT
method Pipeline Network Design uses to predict Data
non-compositional liquid viscosity.
Override viscosity data You may supply liquid viscosity data to override Single Phase Liquid PVT
the internally predicted data. You may define Data
the viscosity as a single value or as a two-point
viscosity curve.
Specify the specific heat You may supply a single constant value for Single Phase Liquid PVT
liquid specific heat to override the internally Data
predicted data.
Gas
All properties of a non-compositional gas are calculated by PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Design from the specific
gravity and the built-in correlations.
To... See...
Define the gas A non-compositional gas is defined in terms Single Phase Gas PVT
of its gravity, and PIPEPHASE Pipeline Data
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To... See...
Network Design will use the appropriate
correlations to predict its properties.
Specify the viscosity You may define the method that PIPEPHASE Single Phase Gas PVT
non-compositional gas viscosity.
Define the Cp/Cv ratio A gas specific heat ratio may be defined to Single Phase Gas PVT
override the internal value used as default. Data
Define a contaminant One or more of the following gas Single Phase Gas PVT
contaminants may also be defined: nitrogen, Data
carbon dioxide, or hydrogen sulfide.
Supply the gas The method that PIPEPHASE Pipeline Single Phase Gas PVT
Z-factor Network Design uses to predict a Data
non-compositional compressibility factor may
also be defined.
Steam
Steam is a non-compositional fluid that is allowed to exist in two phases. You cannot override the steam table
data contained within PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Design’s data libraries. However, all pressure drop
correlations which are available to compositional fluids are also available to the steam model.
To... See...
Use the steam tables If the fluid is steam, use PIPEPHASE Pipeline Stream PVT Data
Network Design ‘s internal steam tables. You
may specify that the gravity of the condensed
water is more than 1.0 to take into account
dissolved solids.
Specify saturated steam You may specify steam quality if the steam is Source
saturated. Specify the temperature and quality
if the steam is superheated or the water is
subcooled.
Gas Condensate
Gas condensate is a multiphase non-compositional fluid with gas predominating. All properties of gas
condensate are calculated by PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Design from the specific gravity and the built-in
correlations.
To... See...
Define the condensate A gas condensate is defined in terms of its Gas Condensate PVT Data
gravity, and PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network
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To... See...
Design will use the appropriate correlations
to predict its properties.
Define the specific gravity You must supply specific gravity data for gas, Gas Condensate PVT Data
liquid and water phases, even if you do not
expect them all to be present.
Define a contaminant One or more of the following gas Gas Condensate PVT Data
contaminants may also be defined: nitrogen,
carbon dioxide, or hydrogen sulfide.
Blackoil
Blackoil is a multiphase fluid model which predicts properties from the gas gravity, oil gravity, and the standard
volume of gas per standard unit volume of oil.
To... See...
Define the Blackoil Blackoil is defined in terms of the gravity of its Blackoil PVT Data
oil and gas and the Gas to Oil ratio. PIPEPHASE
Pipeline Network Design will use the
appropriate correlations to predict its
properties.
Define the specific gravity You must supply specific gravity data for gas, Blackoil PVT Data
liquid, and water phases, even if you do not
expect them all to be present.
Define the viscosity You may optionally enter liquid viscosity data in Blackoil PVT Data
the form of a two-point Antoine curve.
Define a contaminant One or more of the following gas contaminants Blackoil PVT Data
may also be defined: nitrogen, carbon dioxide,
or hydrogen sulfide.
Adjust properties You may adjust the properties that PIPEPHASE Blackoil PVT Data
Pipeline Network Design calculates from its
built-in correlations so that they more closely
fit measured laboratory data.
Define Lift Gas When you have a GLVALVE in the simulation, Blackoil Liftgas Data
you need to define the lift gas in terms of
Gravity and (optionally) contaminants.
Tabular Data If laboratory data are available, you may input Blackoil PVT Data
them and override the PIPEPHASE Pipeline
Network Design internally generated data. If
you use tabular data, you must input all data:
Formation Volume Factor, Solution Gas Oil
Ratio, Live Viscosity, and Gravity.
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To... See...
Supply the gas The method that PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Blackoil PVT Correlations
Z-factor Design uses to predict a non-compositional Data
compressibility factor may be defined.
Specify the viscosity You may define the method that PIPEPHASE Blackoil PVT Correlations
viscosities and blending rules.
Specify formation volume You may define the methods that PIPEPHASE Blackoil PVT Correlations
factor and solution gas oil Pipeline Network Design uses to calculate Data
ratio methods formation volume factor and solution gas oil
ratio.
Defining Properties for Mixed Compositional/Non-Compositional Fluids

PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Design offers the user the ability to define blackoil models that combine data from:
o sources that are in the standard black oil format (see description of blackoil inputs), with
o sources that are in the standard compositional format (see description of compositional inputs).
PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Design treats the combined fluid model as a blackoil model; flash calculations are
used to define the appropriate blackoil properties for the compositional sources. The inputs to the
compositional blackoil model are thus a combination of the inputs to separate compositional and blackoil
models.
Generating and Using Tables of Properties

For large scale compositional or blackoil simulations, a table of fluid properties can be built and used. This will
reduce the computation time by phase separation calculations during the solution procedure. This method is
applicable if all the sources in the network have the same composition or Blackoil properties.
To... See...
Build and You can have PIPEPHASE Pipeline Generate PVT Table
use a Network Design build the table and use
table it in the same run.
Retrieve Alternatively, you can have PIPEPHASE Fluid Property Data
a table Pipeline Network Design build the
table, store it in a file, and then use it
in a subsequent run. PIPEPHASE
Pipeline Network Design will not build
a table for use in the same run while
also storing it for a subsequent run.
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Sources
A source is a point at which fluid enters the piping system. You define a source by supplying parameters such as
composition, temperature, pressure, and flowrate. You can have more than one source in a network.
Compositional Sources
Defined components You must define the total flowrate and Compositional Source
composition of the source stream. Components
can be either from the PIPEPHASE Pipeline
Network Design component library or defined
as pseudocomponents.
Assay data A source fluid may be defined by an assay Compositional Source
curve. You can combine library components
and/or petroleum pseudocomponents with an
assay curve by supplying a lightend analysis.
Viscosity data To override the internally generated fluid Compositional Source
viscosity data, you may specify a viscosity curve
in the PVT data section.
Similar sources To reduce redundant data entry, you may refer Compositional Source
to a predefined source. Parameters may be
specified to override the parameters that are
different.
Non-compositional Sources
Steam sources You must define the pressure and quality of a Steam Source
saturated steam source. The temperature must
be specified only if the steam is superheated
(Quality=100%) or subcooled (Quality=0%).
Gas, liquid, blackoil or One or more sets of fluid property data are Blackoil Source
condensate sources defined in the PVT data section. You must assign
a unique set number to each data set. Each
source must be referred to the appropriate data
set number.
Well In-flow Performance You may specify the IPR of a well source for a Link Device Data, Inflow
single link with gas, liquid, blackoil or condensate. Performance Relationship,
The IPR Model is treated as a device and is IPR-Advanced Options
available from the Link window. You may also
supply well test data.
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Similar sources If one source is the same as or similar to another, Reference Source
you may refer it to the other source. PIPEPHASE
Pipeline Network Design will copy all the data
from one source to the other. You may then
override the parameters that are different.
Structure of Network Systems

Flow devices such as pipes, risers, fittings, and other process equipment are connected together in a Link. Each
Link starts at a Node (a Source or a Junction) and ends at another Node (a Junction or a Sink).
PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Design can calculate either single link or network problems. A single link is defined
as a series of pipes, fittings, and process equipment that has one source, one sink, and no junctions. A network
may have one or more sources and one or more sinks.
PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Design calculates the flowrates and pressure drops. In a network configuration, you
must either define these parameters or provide an estimate at each node.
Network solution algorithm There are two solution algorithms available Network Calculation
for Networks. For the vast majority of Methods
networks, you would use the default PBAL
method. If your fluid is a single-phase liquid
or gas, you may find that the MBAL method
(with simple estimates) gives a faster
solution.
Controlling Convergence of Networks

PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Design solves networks iteratively. Whichever algorithm you use, PIPEPHASE
Pipeline Network Design starts with an initial estimate of flowrates in all links and pressures at all nodes and it
adjusts these values until it has reached a converged solution within a predefined tolerance. Because of the
complex nature of some networks, PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Design allows you to make adjustments to
several parameters that helps to modify the iteration steps and stabilize the convergence.
Automatic generation of PBAL has a choice of methods for generating Network Calculation
Initial estimates initial estimates. By default, PBAL generates Methods
flowrate estimates by considering the
diameters of the first pipe in each link. An
alternative method uses the frictional
resistances of the pipes in each link. A third
method solves the first iteration with MBAL
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before going into PBAL. Finally, if you have
solved this network before and just changed
some of the conditions, you may instruct the
program to use your previous solution as its
initial estimate.
User-supplied initial You may also provide individual estimates for Junction,
estimates junction pressures and link flowrates. Link Data
Maximum and minimum For any link, you may specify the maximum and Link Data
flows minimum flows that are to be allowed.
Controlling convergence In some difficult networks, convergence of the Network Calculation
base case can be improved by adjusting various Methods
convergence parameters: for example,
damping, relaxation, internal tolerances, etc.
Refer to Chapter 6, Technical Reference in the
PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Design Keyword
Manual, for details.
Direction of flow If you know the flow direction in all links, you Network Calculation
can specify that PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Methods
Design not try to reverse them from iteration to
iteration.
Solution tolerance The network calculation converges when the Network Calculation
error is within a given tolerance. You may Methods
optionally change this tolerance.
Controlling optimization You can adjust a number of optimization Optimization Options
options: for example, the fractional change in
the objective function or decision variables,
damping, or error tolerances.
Calculation time If PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Design does not Network Calculation Options
converge within a certain number of iterations,
it will stop and report the results of the last
iteration. You may reduce or increase the
maximum number of iterations. To reduce
calculation time in large compositional runs,
you may control the number of fluid property
evaluations that are performed in each link for
the PBAL initialization procedure.
Closed loops If you have inadvertently specified your Network Convergence Data
network so that closed loops are formed,
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PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Design will report
these and, optionally, take remedial action.
Pipe segments Pipes, tubing, risers, and annuli are divided into Network Segmentation Data
segments for pressure drop and heat transfer
calculations. You can change either the number
of segments or the length of segments for
greater calculational accuracy. Alternatively,
you can select PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network
Design’s autosegmentation feature to
automatically select the best segmentation
options for your network.
Check valves You may allow regulators (unidirectional check Network Calculation
valves) to pass a small backward flow. Methods
Critical flow in chokes Critical flow in chokes can cause difficulties for Network Convergence Data
convergence algorithms. To help PIPEPHASE
Pipeline Network Design solve such networks,
you can allow a linear broadening of the critical
flow regime.
Wells You can prevent well flows from falling below Network Calculation
the minimum required to transport fluid in a Methods
two-phase system.
Single links
A single link has one source, one sink, and no junctions. There are three variables:
 The source flowrate (which is also the sink flowrate),
 The source pressure, and
 The sink pressure.
You must specify two of these, and PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Design will calculate the third.
Sources You must have only one source. Source

Sinks If the source pressure and rate are known, a sink Sink, Source
pressure and rate need not be defined.
Links You do not need to specify the flowrate or
pressure drop in a link; all you need to define are
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the pipes, fittings, and equipment. Enter the link
Link Device Data
device data in the sequence in which the fluid
flows through them.
You can have any combination of pipes, fittings,
and process equipment items, in any order.
Networks
A network generally has more than one link and one or more junctions. The variables are the pressure and
flowrate at each source and sink. You specify the values of the variables that are known, and PIPEPHASE Pipeline
Network Design will calculate the unknowns. In order not to under- or over-specify the system, simple rules
must be followed in constructing the problem:
 You must specify a number of knowns equal to the total number of sources and sinks.
 You must specify at least one pressure.
 If any source or sink flowrate is an unknown, you must supply an estimate.
 If you do not know a pressure at a source, sink, or junction, you do not need to supply an estimate. You may
specify estimates to speed up convergence.
Sources and sinks You must have at least one source and at least Source, Sink
one sink.
Junctions You must have a junction at the point where two Junction
or more links meet. If your network is complex,
you may speed up the solution by supplying
estimates for the junction pressures.
Links You must supply a unique name for each link. If Link Device Data
your network is complex, you may speed up the
solution by supplying estimates for flowrates
through each link.
Steam networks PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Design can model Junction
preferential splitting at Tee junctions in pure
distribution networks. These junctions can have
only two outgoing and one incoming link.
Subnetworks PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Design has a Mcompressor, Mchoke
number of devices that invoke a special Mregulator
algorithm. You may specify the inlet conditions;
PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Design breaks the
flowsheet at the inlet and solves the resulting
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subnetworks simultaneously and sizes the device.
PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Design Flow Devices

A piping system is made up of links which join sources, sinks, and junctions. Each link consists of a series of flow
devices: pipes, fittings, and process equipment and unit operations.
Sources and sinks must be named.
The devices in the link must be added in the order in which they occur in the link as you move from the "From"
node to the "To" node.
The flow devices that PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Design can handle are given in Table 5-6.
Table 5-6: Flow Devices and Equipment Available in PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Design
Device Description
Flow Devices - have length
Pipe Horizontal, vertical or inclined. May be surrounded by air, water, or soil;

insulated or bare.
Annulus Well annulus. Heat loss is simulated using an overall heat transfer coefficient
and geothermal gradient.
Tubing Well tubing. Heat loss is simulated using an overall heat transfer coefficient and
geothermal gradient.
Inflow Models the relationship between flowrate and reservoir pressure draw-down
Performance or pressure drop at the sand face in a well.
Relationship
Point Devices - have no length
Completion Bottomhole completion, the interface between the reservoir and a well. There
are two types of completion: gravel-packed and open-perforated.
Fittings
Bend A standard mitred bend or non-standard bend with defined angle and radius.
Check valve Device that allows flow in only one direction.

Choke valve Restricts fluid flow. MCHOKE, a variant of CHOKE, introduces a discontinuity
into a network which is solved using a special sub-networking method.
Contraction Reduction in diameter from larger to smaller pipe. Variable angle.
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Device Description
Entrance Entrance into a pipe from a larger volume such as a vessel.

Exit Exit from a pipe to a larger volume such as a vessel.
Expansion Increase in diameter from smaller to larger pipe. Variable angle.
Nozzle Flow restriction used in metering.

Orifice Orifice meter. Orifice plate can use thick or thin calculation formulae.
Tee Tee piece. Flow may be straight on or through the branch.

Valve Any type of valve, e.g., gate, globe, angle, ball, butterfly, plug, cock.
Venturimeter Venturi flow meter.

Compressor Simple single or multistage gas compressor.
Process Equipment
Multistage Rigorous single or multistage gas compressor with optional inlet pressure
calculation. Uses a special sub-networking method.
Compressor
Cooler Removes heat from a stream.

DPDT Any device that changes pressure and/or temperature with flowrate.
Expander Steam expander.

Gaslift Valve Well gaslift valve.
Heater Adds heat to a stream.
Injection Re-introduces a stream from a compositional separator back into a link.
Pump Single or multistage liquid pump. An electric submersible pump may be

modeled.
Regulator Means of fixing maximum pressure at any point in the structure. MREGULATOR,
a variant of REGULATOR, introduces a discontinuity into a network which is
solved using a special sub-networking method.
Separator Splits some or all of one of the fluid phases from a link.
Unit Operations
Hydrates Predicts the temperature/pressure regime under which hydrates are prone to
form.
Calculator A utility that allows you to compute results from flowsheet parameters. These
results can then be used as optimizer constraints or objective parameters.
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Pressure Drop Calculations

PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Design calculates pressure drops for pipes, risers, annuli and tubings. There are
many methods for calculating pressure drops. You can define one method globally for use throughout the
simulation, or you can use different methods in different pipes.
Pressure drop method Choose a method appropriate to the type of fluid Pressure Drop Flow
and piping topology you have. If you do not choose a Correlations
method, PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Design will
use Beggs & Brill-Moody for compositional, blackoil,
condensate, or steam and Moody for
non-compositional fluids.
You may choose a different method for an individual Pressure Drop Flow
device. If you do not choose a method for a device, Correlations
PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Design will use the
method you selected globally.
Table 5-7 lists the pressure drop methods recommended for multiphase flow in horizontal and inclined pipes.
Table 5-7: Applicability of Multiphase Flow Correlations
Pipe
Method Horizontal and Upward DownwardI Riser Tubing Annulus
Inclines <10o Incline ncline
Beggs & Brill X X X
Beggs & Brill - Moody1 X X X
Beggs & Brill - No slip X X X X X X
Beggs & Brill - X X X X X X
Moody-Eaton3
Beggs & Brill - X X X X X X
Moody-Dukler3
Beggs & Brill - X X X
Moody-Hagedorn &
Brown
Mukherjee & Brill2 X X X
Mukherjee & Brill-Eaton3 X X X
Ansari X X X X X
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Orkiszewski X X X X
Duns & Ros X X X X X X
Hagedorn & Brown X X X X
Hagedorn & Brown - X X X X
Beggs & Brill
Aziz X X X X
Gray (not applicable for X X X X X
Compositional)
Gray - Moody (not X X X X
applicable for
Compositional)
Angel-Welchon-Ross X X X X
Eaton X X X X X X
Eaton-Flannigan X X X
Dukler X X X X X X
Dukler-Flannigan X X X
Lockhart & Martinelli X X X X X X
Dukler-Eaton-Flannigan X X X
Olimens X X X
OLGA4
TACITE4
In general, this method is recommended because it performs reasonably well for the widest range
of flow condition.
This method is recommended for pipelines with low liquid holdup in hilly terrain.
These non-standard hybrid models should be used only after matching measured data.
These models are available as add-ons through your SIMSCI representative.
Legend: Correlation recommended for the application
X Correlation allowed but not recommended for the application
Pressure Drop in Flow Devices

The pressure drop in a flow device (Pipe, Riser, Tubing or Annulus) of length L consists of three components:
friction, elevation, and acceleration.
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In general, the frictional pressure gradient may be expressed as:
where:
= fluid density
q = volumetric flux
d = equivalent diameter
(= actual diameter in the case of pipes, risers and tubing)
The friction factor, f, is inversely proportional to the Reynolds number for laminar flow. For turbulent flow, f is a
non-linear function of the Reynolds number and the pipe roughness.
In general, the elevation pressure gradient may be expressed as:
where:
r = fluid density
= inclination angle
The acceleration pressure gradient is generally small, except when the fluid is compressible, and the velocity and
velocity gradients in the pipe are high. In general, the acceleration pressure gradient may be expressed as:
where:
v = fluid velocity
Inside If the majority of your devices have the same inside Diameter Defaults
diameter and diameter, you can specify a global inside diameter at
roughness the start of the simulation. Then you can override
this value for those devices which do not conform to
the default. Roughness can be specified also as a
global parameter or for each device.
Inclined pipes You can specify an elevation change or depth for Pipe Riser Annulus Tubing
each device. If the elevation change equals the
length, the device is vertical. If you do not specify an
elevation change, PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network
Design assumes that pipes are horizontal and that
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risers, annuli, and tubings are vertical.
Acceleration You may instruct PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Calculation Speedup

terms Design to ignore the acceleration term in pressure Options
drop calculations, if desired.
Nominal Diameter and Pipe Schedule

As an alternative to entering a pipe (or riser or tubing) inside diameter you can specify a nominal diameter and a
schedule. PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Design has an internal database of standard nominal pipe sizes and pipe
schedules; the allowed combinations of nominal diameter and schedule in this database are detailed in Table
5-8. You may supply your own database which PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Design will use instead of its own.
To specify nominal diameter and schedule for... See...
All devices You may supply a nominal diameter and schedule Flow Devices Database
as a global that will be used for all the fittings in this table, Definition
value unless overridden by data in the input to the fitting
itself.
Your pipes You may create a database of nominal diameters and Flow Devices Database
and fittings pipe schedules and have PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Definition
Design use it instead of its own internal database
Pipe You may supply a nominal diameter and schedule. Pipe
Riser You may supply a nominal diameter and schedule. Riser
Tubing You may supply a nominal diameter and schedule. Tubing
Bend You may supply a nominal diameter and schedule. Bend
Entrance You may supply a nominal diameter and schedule for Entrance
the downstream pipe.
Exit You may supply a nominal diameter and schedule for Exit
the upstream pipe.
Nozzle You may supply a nominal diameter and schedule for Nozzle
the upstream pipe.
Orifice You may supply a nominal diameter and schedule for Orifice
the upstream pipe.
Tee You may supply a nominal diameter and schedule for Tee
the upstream pipe.
Valve You may supply a nominal diameter and schedule for Valve
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To specify nominal diameter and schedule for... See...

the upstream pipe.
Venturi You may supply a nominal diameter and schedule for Venturi
the upstream pipe.
Contraction You may supply a nominal diameter and schedule for Contraction
the inlet and outlet pipes.
Expansion You may supply a nominal diameter and schedule for Expansion
the inlet and outlet pipes.
Allowable Pipe Nominal Diameters and Schedules

Table 5-8: Allowable Pipe Nominal Diameters and Schedules
Nominal Valid Pipe Schedule Numbers

Diameter
(Inches)
0.125 40 80
0.250 40 80
0.375 40 80
0.5 40 80 160
0.75 40 80 160
1.00 40 80 160
1.25 40 80 160
1.5 40 80 160
2.0 40 80 160
2.5 40 80 160
3.0 40 80 160
3.5 40 80
4.0 40 80 120 160
4.5 40
5.0 40 80 120 160
6.0 40 80 120 160
8.0 20 30 40 60 80 100 120 140 160
10.0 20 30 40 60 80 100 120 140 160
12.0 20 30 40 60 80 100 120 140 160
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Nominal Valid Pipe Schedule Numbers

Diameter
(Inches)
14.0 10 20 30 40 60 80 100 120 140 160
16.0 10 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160
18.0 10 20 30 40 60 80 100 120 140 160
20.0 10 20 30 40 60 80 100 120 140 160
24.0 10 20 30 40 60 80 100 120 140 160
30.0 10 20 30
Pressure Drop in Completions

Bottomhole completion describes the interface between a reservoir and a well. There are two types of
completion: gravel packed and open perforated. The pressure drop through a completion is calculated from
permeability and other data you input.
PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Design uses the Jones model for gravel-packed completion and the McLeod model
for open-perforated completions.
Figure 5-9: Jones Model
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Figure 5-10: McLeod Model
Completion You may define a completion as being gravel Gravel Packed Completion,
packed (Jones) or open perforated (McLeod).
Open Perforated Completion
Dual You may model dual completions, both concentric Link Data
Completion and parallel.
Pressure Drop in Fittings

The general form of the pressure drop equation is:
where:
= pressure drop across the fitting

K = resistance coefficient/ K-factor
G = mass velocity (mass flowrate/flow area)
= two-phase pressure drop multiplier

g = acceleration due to gravity
= fluid density (equal to liquid density for

two-phase flows)
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Bend, PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Design uses the generalized Bend, Tee, Valve
Tee,Valve pressure drop equation with a resistance coefficient. For
bends, tees, and valves, you can either supply the resistance
coefficient directly or supply an equivalent length and have
PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Design calculate the resistance
coefficient as a function of the friction factor.
Entrance Exit For entrances and exits you can supply the resistance Entrance, Exit
coefficient or use the default value.
Contraction, For contractions, expansions, nozzles, orifices, and Nozzle, Expansion,
Expansion, Venturimeters, you can supply the resistance coefficient or use Venturi, Contraction,
Nozzle, the value that PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Design calculates Orifice
Orifice, from its built-in correlations. These correlations relate the
Venturi resistance coefficient to the Reynolds number and specific
fitting parameters such as orifice diameter, Venturi throat
diameter, contraction and expansion angles, and nozzle
diameter. For gas flow in nozzles, orifices, and Venturimeters,
the specific heat ratio is also used in the calculation of the
resistance coefficient.
Choke The pressure drop for a choke is calculated by the orifice Choke Mchoke
method for a single-phase fluid or by the Fortunati method for
a two-phase fluid. You can supply a discharge coefficient or
use the default value. MCHOKE, a variant of CHOKE which
introduces a discontinuity into a network, uses the Fortunati
model only.
Check Valve A valve that permits flow in one direction only. You can supply Check
a resistance coefficient or use the default value.
Two-phase The pressure drops for fittings are corrected for two-phase Bend, Exit, Entrance,
correction in flow by using either the Homogeneous flow model or the Valve, Tee, Contraction,
fittings Chisholm model. If you do not make a selection, PIPEPHASE Expansion, Nozzle,
Pipeline Network Design will use the default method. You may orifice, Venturi
supply values for the Chisholm parameters.
Equipment Items
PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Design simulates the change in fluid conditions across items of process equipment
that typically appears in pipeline systems.
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Compressor A compressor imparts work to a gas. You supply Compressor

either a known power or a known outlet pressure,
and PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Design calculates
the unknown parameter. You may impose a
maximum value on the unknown parameter, and
PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Design will constrain the
calculations according to whichever parameter is
limiting. Alternatively, you can supply a curve of
flowrate against head. You may also supply an
adiabatic efficiency as either a constant or a curve
against head. The exit temperature is then
determined by energy balance. If you specify more
than one stage, PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Design
interprets the curve to be for each stage; any
maximum power you specify is over all of the stages
rather than for each individual stage.
You can also reference the compressor curve to a Compressor Curve Data,
previously defined performance curve. Compressor Performance
Curves
Multispeed You can specify different compressor curves for up to Compressor Curve Data
Compressor five compressor speeds.
Multistage In a multistage compressor you may specify different Mcompressor
Compressor parameters – curves, efficiencies, etc.– for different
stages. You may have multiple compressor trains,
each train with multiple stages. You may have
interstage scrubbers with downstream re-injection
and interstage coolers and piping losses. You may
specify the compressor’s inlet pressure. When you do
this, PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Design invokes a
special algorithm which breaks the flowsheet at the
compressor inlet and solves the resulting
subnetworks so that the pressures match at the
interface.
Cooler The cooler removes heat from the system. You supply Cooler
either a known exit temperature or known duty of
the unit, and PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Design will
calculate the unknown parameter. You may impose a
maximum (for duty) or minimum (for temperature)
value on the unknown parameter, and PIPEPHASE
Pipeline Network Design will constrain calculations
according to whichever parameter is limiting.
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Steam Expander The expander models the expansion of steam from a Expander
high pressure to a low pressure. You may specify the
power required, or the pressure drop or the pressure
ratio. If the unit is in a spur link, you may alternatively
specify the outlet pressure.
Gaslift Valve This unit simulates the presence of a gaslift valve as Gaslift Valve, Fluid
part of a well link. Property Data
You must define the PVT properties of the lift gas.
General purpose The DPDT unit is a general purpose unit for defining a DPDT
DP and DT unit pressure and/or temperature difference at a point in
the piping structure. You can use this unit to model
any equipment device where the pressure difference
and temperature difference characteristics can be
represented as curves against flowrate. You may also
specify the flow versus pressure drop equation for
the curve.
Heater The heater adds heat to the system. You supply Heater
either a known exit temperature or known duty of
the unit, and PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Design will
calculate the unknown. You may impose a maximum
value on the unknown parameter, and PIPEPHASE
Pipeline Network Design will constrain the
calculations according to whichever parameter is
limiting.
Injector The injector introduces a stream into a link. The Injector
stream comes from a separator (see the entry
below). You may fix the pressure and temperature of
the injected stream. The injector must be
downstream of the separator and in the same link.
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Pump A pump imparts work to a liquid. You supply either a Pump

known power or a known outlet pressure, and
PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Design calculates the
unknown. You may impose a maximum value on the
unknown parameter, and PIPEPHASE Pipeline
Network Design will constrain the calculations
according to whichever parameter is limiting.
Alternatively, you can supply a curve of flowrate
against head. You may also supply an efficiency as a
constant or as a curve against head. The exit
temperature is determined by energy balance. If you
specify more than one stage, PIPEPHASE Pipeline
Network Design interprets the curve to be for each
stage; any maximum power you specify is over all of
the stages rather than for each individual stage.
You can also reference the pump curve to a
previously defined performance curve.
Multispeed You can specify different pump curves for up to five Pump Curve Data, Pump
Pump pump speeds. Performance Curves
Electric An extension of the PUMP item allows you to model Electric Submersible Pump
Submersible an electric submersible pump. In addition to all the
Pump features mentioned above, you may supply motor
horsepower as a curve, either in tabular form or as
coefficients of an equation. You may specify auxilliary
power to be supplied to the pump. You may specify
head degradation as a function of gas ingestion
percentage, plus minimum submergence, casing head
pressure, and vertical pressure gradient in the
casing-tubing annulus due to the gas column. Refer
also to Separator, below.
You can also reference the electric submersible pump Electric Submersible Pump
curve to a previously defined ESP performance curve. Curve
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Regulator The regulator is used to set the maximum pressure at Regulator

some point in the pipeline structure. It allows flow in
only one direction and can be used to prevent flow
reversal within selected links in a network. As an
extension to the regulator allows you to specify the
inlet pressure, you may specify the compressor’s inlet
pressure. When you do this, PIPEPHASE Pipeline
Network Design invokes a special algorithm which
breaks the flowsheet at the compressor inlet and
solves the resulting subnetworks so that the
pressures match at the interface.
Multi-network You may specify the inlet pressure of this item. When Regulator
Regulator you do this, PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Design
invokes a special algorithm which breaks the
flowsheet at the inlet and solves the resulting
subnetworks so that the pressures match at the
interface. You may also specify the flowrate through
the regulator.
Separator The separator splits out all or part of the gas or liquid Separator
phase of a multiphase fluid. In the case of a
hydrocarbon system with water, you can select the
hydrocarbon or aqueous phase instead of the total
liquid phase. You specify the amount separated as an
absolute flowrate or as a percentage of the phase.
You can separate more than one phase in one
separator. You can then reinject the separated
streams at points downstream in the link using the
Injector. You cannot impose a pressure drop on the
separator.
Bottomhole If a separator is positioned at the bottomhole below Separator
Separator an electric submersible pump, you may either specify
gas injection percentage or supply pump dimensions
and have PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Design
calculate it.
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Hydrates Hydrates are solid mixtures of water and other small Hydrate Unit Operation
molecules. Under certain process conditions,
particularly in the gas processing industry, hydrate
formation may clog lines and foul process equipment.
The HYDRATE unit operation predicts the pressure
and temperature regime in which the process is
vulnerable to hydrate formation. Calculations
performed assume the presence of free water for
hydrates to form. Possible hydrate formers include:
methane through isobutane, carbon dioxide,
hydrogen sulfide, nitrogen, ethylene, propylene,
argon, krypton, xenon, cyclopropane, and sulfur
hexafluoride. The effect of sodium chloride,
methanol, ethylene glycol, di-ethylene glycol, and
tri-ethylene glycol hydrate inhibitors can also be
studied.
Calculator The Calculator allows you to perform calculations on Calculator
flowsheet information using FORTRAN-like syntax.
The Calculator results can be transfered back to the
Optimizer for use as an optimization objective
parameter or constraint.
Heat Transfer Calculations

PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Design performs an energy balance on pipes, risers, tubing, and annuli. The heat
transfer depends on the fluid temperature, properties, and flowrate, the temperature and properties of the
surrounding medium, and the heat transfer coefficient between the fluid and the medium. PIPEPHASE Pipeline
Network Design does not model heat transfer to the surroundings for fittings and equipment devices (point
devices).
The general equation for heat transfer from a flow device is:
where:
Q = rate of heat transfer per unit length

U = overall heat transfer coefficient
A = outside surface area per unit length
T = temperature difference between bulk fluid and outside
medium
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The overall heat transfer coefficient either is input or may be calculated from the constituent film coefficients
and geometries.
For risers and annuli you must specify an overall heat transfer coefficient.
For a pipe or tubing you may supply an overall coefficient or you may request detailed heat transfer calculations.
Detailed heat transfer calculations are invoked when you input any one of the parameters required to carry out
the calculations.
Detailed Heat Transfer in Pipes and Tubing
For a pipe surrounded by soil, water, or air, you define the medium properties (and velocity of water or air). For
a buried pipe, you enter the buried depth.
For tubings you enter data that describe the properties of the annuli and casings between the outside of the
tubing and the inside of the hole.
Pipes and You may specify an overall coefficient or the properties Global Defaults Pipe
Tubing of the surrounding medium. You can supply these Tubing
values globally for all devices or for individual devices.
You also supply the ambient temperature or
geothermal gradient.
Annuli and You specify the overall heat transfer coefficient and the Global Defaults
Risers geothermal gradient. You can supply these values Annulus Riser
globally for all devices or for individual devices.
Isothermal For non-compositional gas or liquid fluid models, you Pipe Tubing Annulus
calculations may suppress heat transfer calculations for individual Riser
flow devices.
Sphering or Pigging
PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Design’s sphering calculations predict the quantity of liquid formed when a
multiphase fluid flows in a pipeline and determine the size of the liquid slug that is pushed out when the pipe is
pigged.
Sphering calculations can only be carried out for single links. The launching station is at the inlet of a pipe. You
may have intermediate launching stations; a sphere is launched from a pipe when the previous sphere(s) reach
the inlet of that pipe.
Calculation You must specify that you want to do a sphering Network Calculation
type simulation. Methods
Fluid type The fluid must be compositional and both gas and liquid Simulation Definition
should be present to obtain realistic results.
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Time You may override the default time step used in the Network Calculation
Increments McDonald-Baker successive steady-state calculation Methods
method.
Structure You may have only PIPE devices. You identify a pipe with Pipe
Data a launching station by specifying a sphere diameter for
the pipe. The first launching station must be in the first
pipe of the link.
Reservoirs and Inflow Performance Relationships

Using PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Design, you can examine the effect of reservoir conditions on the
performance of wells and downstream networks. You can also investigate the implications of declining reservoir
pressure and production rate and shut-in wells when a user-specified maximum water cut or gas-oil ratio is
exceeded.
The Inflow Performance Relationship device models the relationship between flowrate and reservoir pressure
drawdown or pressure drop at the sand face in a well.
Type of model You may select from five standard models. You may write your IPR
own subroutine and use it to model the inflow performance
relationship.
Reservoir Curves You may enter tables of reservoir pressure, cumulative IPR
production, Gas-Oil Ratio, Condensate-Gas Ratio, Water Cut, and
Water-Gas ratio. These are used in Time-stepping to simulate
reservoir decline with time.
Multiple reservoirs You can have up to twenty reservoirs in one network. One IPR
and multiple wells reservoir can serve several wells.
Automatic You may automatically create a subsurface network for a well IPR
subsurface with multiple sources. PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Design
networks solves these using a finite difference solution method. This is a
quicker but less rigorous method of creating a subsurface
network. Refer to Subsurface Networks and Multiple Completion
Modeling on Page for further details.
IPR curves You may enter curves that correlate reservoir pressure or IPR
cumulative production with flowing bottomhole pressure and
flowrate. These data are then regressed onto one of the
standard models.
Pseudo-pressure For an IPR with a gas basis, you may specify a drawdown IPR
formulation formulation.
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Well Shut-in You may supply the maximum water cut or gas-oil ratio for well IPR
Controls shut-in.
You can also specify the priority of well shut-in for multiple Source
wells.
Production Planning and Time-Stepping

Production planning involves the study of the time-dependent interactions between the producing formation(s)
and all of the wells, gathering lines, and surface facilities in an oil or gas field. PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network
Design supplies this capability through its Time-stepping feature.
Typically, the study extends from a few years to the entire producing life of the field. For such extended periods,
a quasi-steady state approach provides an efficient representation of the time-dependency. Time-stepping
carries out a series of steady-state PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Design simulations automatically in the same
run. Each simulation represents the conditions at a specific time-step in the operating history of the field.
Wells and Well Grouping
Each of the well completion zones in a gathering network produces from a specific formation or reservoir. The
decline in the reservoir pressure with time and the changes in the characteristics of the fluid produced are a
function of the total fluid volume produced from the reservoir. For the purposes of these calculations, a well
completion is associated with a reservoir group. A reservoir group includes all of the producing zones that
contribute to its depletion.
Reservoir Depletion
The depletion of a reservoir over the life of a field is characterized by a decline in average reservoir pressure and
changing fluid composition. For most reservoirs, the gas-oil ratio increases with time; for a reservoir with an
active water drive, the produced water cut increases as the water table rises.
Facilities Planning
In a gathering system, changes to the operation of surface facilities directly affect the overall production. For
example, adding compression facilities to an existing gas gathering network reduces the pressure at the
upstream wells, which in turn increases the drawdown and results in improved production from the reservoir;
an increase in the separator pressure will have the opposite effect. Time-stepping enables you to simulate
changes to the facilities installation over time.
Reservoir You must name the reservoir GROUP and supply depletion data in one IPR
Groups IPR device. Other IPR devices may access the same reservoir depletion
data by using the same GROUP name.
Depletion Supply a curve of reservoir pressures against cumulative production. IPR
characteristics
Gas and gas For a gas or gas condensate field you may supply the slope of the IPR
condensate depletion curve as pressure decline rate per unit of production.
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fields
Production The production decline characteristics for individual completion zones IPR
decline rates for must be defined. Tabular data represent the decline in the flowing well
each IPR pressure as a function of the production rate. The time-dependent
parameter may be expressed in terms of reservoir pressure or
cumulative production.
Fluid You may enter curves for water cut, gas-oil ratio (or condensate-gas IPR
compositional ratio for condensate wells), and water cut (or water-gas ratio for
changes condensate wells) as functions of reservoir pressure or cumulative
reservoir produced volume.
Selecting times Supply a series of times. PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Design will carry IPR
out simulations at each of those times.
Downstream At each time you may specify one or more changes to the network or IPR
network conditions downstream of the well.
changes
Subsurface Networks and Multiple Completion Modeling

A Single Well
A single well can produce from one reservoir:
To specify: See...
A source to give the properties, flowrate, and conditions Source

of the fluid.
One IPR to define the interface to the reservoir. IPR
One tubing from the well to the surface. Tubing
One node to continue into the rest of the network. Junction, Sink
Figure 5-11: One Well, One Reservoir
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Or a single well can produce from more than one reservoir:
To specify: See...
A source for each reservoir to give the properties, Source

flowrates, and conditions of the fluids.
An IPR for each reservoir to define the interfaces. IPR
A tubing between consecutive reservoirs. Tubing
A tubing from the last reservoir to the surface. Tubing
A node to continue into the rest of the network. Junction, Sink
Figure 5-12: One Well, More Than One Reservoir
More Than One Well

You may have more than one well in a PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Design run. The wells may all use one
reservoir. In this case, information for the reservoir data is entered in one IPR and accessed from other IPRs
using the GROUP name.
Multiple Completions
In PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Design you may model a multiple completion rigorously:
To specify: See...
A source for each completion to give the properties, Source

flowrates, and conditions of the fluids.
An IPR for each completion to define the interfaces. IPR
Tubing and junctions to form the network between Tubing
completions.
A tubing from the last completion to the surface. Tubing
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Figure 5-13: Multiple IPRs
Alternatively, you may approximate these conditions by having PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Design
automatically generate a subsurface network:
To specify: See...
One source to give the properties, flowrates and Source

conditions of the fluids.
One IPR with physical dimensions such as length, IPR
inclination.
A tubing from the IPR to the surface. Tubing
Figure 5-14: One IPR, Automatic Multiple Completions
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Case Studies
The Case Study option provides the facility to perform parametric studies and to print multiple problem
solutions in a single computer run. Case studies are always performed after the base case problem has been
solved. If the base case problem cannot be solved for any reason, then no case studies are performed. Each case
study analysis is performed based on the cumulative changes to the flowsheet up to that time.
Case studies are an efficient means of obtaining solutions for multiple scenarios to a given problem and result in
large savings in both computer time and cost. For problems requiring iterative solutions, the converged results
of the last solution are used as the starting values for the next run. This can result in large computer time savings
in runs involving large networks, where it typically takes several iterations to move from the initial pressure
estimates to the final converged solution.
There is no limit on the number of changes you can make per case study or on the total number of case studies
that may be in a given run. The cumulative changes up to a given case study run may be erased and the original
base case restored at any time.
Since the case studies are performed sequentially in the order you input, it is best to make changes in an orderly
manner, proceeding from high values to low values or low values to high values, but not in a random order. This
enhances convergence and minimizes total computer time. See Chapter 4, Input Reference, Table 4-46 in
PipePhase Keyword Manual.
Global Changes
You may change one parameter in the entire problem using a global command. You do this by supplying the
type of parameter you want to change, its old value, and the new value. Only those specified parameters with
that old value will then be changed.
The items to which this type of change can be applied are identified in Table 4-46, Chapter 4, Input Reference in
PipePhase Keyword Manual.
Individual Changes
Source, sink, and device parameters may be changed individually. You must specify a name for each source, sink,
or device where a parameter change is desired.
To... See...
Add descriptive text You can add one line of description for each case study. Simulation
Description
Make changes You can change any of the parameters in Table 3-7, either Case Study
globally or on individual flow elements. Changes
You can restore the base case at any time. Case Study
Changes
Table 5-9: Changes allowed in Case Studies
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Flow Device Parameter Type of Change
Pipe LENGTH Global Individual

ECHG Global Individual
ID Global Individual
ROUGHNESS Global Individual
U Global Individual
TAMBIENT Global Individual
FCODE Global Individual
Riser ID Global Individual
U Global Individual
Tubing ID Global Individual
U Global Individual
TGRAD Global Individual
Annulus IDANN Global Individual
ODTUB Global Individual
U Global Individual
TGRAD Global Individual
Compressor/Pu POWER Global Individual
mp PRESSURE Global Individual
EFFICIENCY Global Individual
STAGES Global Individual
Heater/Cooler DUTY Global Individual
TOUT Global Individual
DP Global Individual
Choke ID Global Individual
COEFFICIENT Global Individual
Sales RATE Global Individual
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Flow Device Parameter Type of Change
Source PRESSURE Individual

TEMPERATURE Individual
RATE Individual
QUALITY Individual
COMPOSITION Individual
CGR Individual
COEFFICIENT Individual
EXP Individual
GOR Individual
PI Individual
VOGEL Individual
WCUT Individual
WGR Individual
Sink PRESSURE Individual
RATE Individual
II Individual
Completion SHOTS General Individual
PERF General Individual
PENETRATION
General Individual
TUNNEL
General Individual
GLValve DISSOLVE General Individual
RATE
General Individual
Nodal Analysis
Nodal Analysis allows you to study the overall performance of wells, pipelines and other single link systems as a
function of input parameters and flowrates. The results are summarized in tabular and graphical form. You can
also study combinations of inflow and outflow parameters using the multiple combination nodal analysis option.
Nodal Analysis is performed on a single link.
Dividing the Link
You first divide your single link into two sections, separated by a Solution Node. The section upstream of the
Solution Node is called the Inflow section and would typically be the tubing of a well. The section downstream of
the Solution Node is called the Outflow section and would typically be the flowline from the wellhead to a
surface separator. The Solution Node, in this case, would be the well-head node.
If you locate the Solution Node actually at the source or the sink, then there will be only an Outflow or Inflow
section respectively.
If you do not want to vary any parameters in either the Inflow section or the Outflow section, simply omit these
sections. Obviously, a Nodal Analysis cannot be carried out without at least one of these sections.
Selecting Parameters and Flowrates
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You then select a parameter in the Inflow section and a parameter in the Outflow section. Typical parameters
would be reservoir pressure (for Inflow) and pipe ID (for Outflow). You may enter up to five values for each of
these parameters. Each combination of Inflow parameter value and Outflow parameter value represents an
operating point of the system. This means that there may be up to 25 operating points.
The parameters you select must have values supplied in the base case input data.
Finally, you define up to ten flowrates.
Nodal Results
PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Design calculates the flowrates and Solution Node pressures corresponding to each
operating point and prints them out in the form of tables and plots. The flowrates you input must span all the
flowrates at which you expect the operating points to occur.
Grouping Parameters
As an extension to the Nodal Analysis feature, PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Design allows you to group a
number of variables into one nodal parameter. For example, you may define an Outflow parameter as a
combination of pump power, pipe ID and heater temperature. Each of the five values of the Outflow parameter
would now be a combination of the corresponding values of each of the contributing variables.
Thus you might define that the first value of the Outflow parameter is the combination of 25KW pump power
with 30 mm pipe ID and 400 K; the second 30KW, 40 mm and 310 K; the third 35KW, 50 mm and 350 K; and so
on.
To... See...
Add descriptive You can add one line of description for each of Simulation
text the Inflow and Outflow sections. Description
Define the You must define a Solution Node which comes Link Device Data,
Solution Node between the Inflow and Outflow sections. If Nodal Analysis
you want the Solution Node to be at the
flowing bottomhole of an injection well, use
BOTTOMHOLE. If you want to locate the
Solution Node at the outlet of the last device
and want to use Sink pressure as a variable
parameter, use SINK.
Define the You must define at least one Inflow or Outflow Nodal Analysis
parameter(s) parameter for PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Parameters
Design to change. The parameters that are
accessible are divided into seven categories, as
defined in the table below. If you want to
define a nodal parameter as a group of
variables, you may combine up to ten variables
within one Category. You may not combine
variables in different categories.
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To... See...
Study multiple You can specify up to four — two inflow and Nodal Analysis
combinations two outflow — parameters for the multiple
of parameters combinations option. You can then supply up to
five values of each parameter. PIPEPHASE
Pipeline Network Design will combine each of
the up to five values of an inflow or outflow
parameter with each of the up to five values of
the second inflow or outflow parameter and so
on and will present the results of the analysis of
the combined variables.
Table 5-10: Variables Available to Nodal Analysis
Category Device Variable
Category 1 - Source SOURCE NAME

PRESSURE
COEFFICIENT
EXP
PI
VOGEL
Category 2 - Sink SINK NAME
PRES
II
COEFF
EXP
Category 3 - Devices PIPE NAME
ID
ROUGHNESS
U
FLOWEFF
RISER NAME
ID
ROUGHNESS
U
FLOWEFF
TUBING NAME
ID
ROUGHNESS
U
FLOWEFF
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Category Device Variable
ANNULUS NAME
IDANN
ODTUB
ROUGHNESS
U
FLOWEFF
COMPRESSOR/PUMP NAME
POWER
PRESSURE
EFFICIENCY
STAGES
HEATER/COOLER NAME
DUTY
TOUT
DP
CHOKE NAME
ID
COEFFICIENT
SEPARATOR NAME
RATE
PERCENT
GLVALVE NAME
RATE
DISSOLVE
INJECTOR NAME
TEMPERATURE
PRESSURE
COMPLETION NAME
PENETRATION
PERFD
SHOTS
TUNNEL
Category 4 - Non-compositional GOR
Source Properties WCUT
CGR
WGR
QUALITY
Category 5 - Main Source COMPOSITION
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Starting the PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Design Excel Report

PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Design allows the user with to create reports in Excel format with all the required
information to its entire simulation.
To create Excel report:
1. Click the Run/View -> Create Excel Report option on the ribbon. The Excel Reports dialog box (see
Figure 5-19) appears.
Figure 5-19: Excel Reports
2. In the Excel Reports dialog box, different types of Summary and Link Reports are listed for generation. By
default, few of the options have been already selected. The selected options are called Set default ‘Print
Options’.
3. Select the required options from the list that is to be made available in the Excel Report to be generated.
4. Click the Set default ‘Print Options’to reselect the default reports available for the current simulation.
5. Select all the options listed under Run Options.
6. Click Run Current Network to execute the options checked under Run Options. This will generate Excel
Reports for the simulation, which is currently opened.
Note: Uncheck the Run Simulation option under Run Options, if you have already run the simulation through
Run Simulation and View Results dialog box. Excel Reports dialog box can be viewed by clicking Excel button
present in Run Simulation and View Results dialog box (see Figure 5-15).
 Excel Reports will be generated only if you have run the simulation and created database for the simulation.
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 To view previously generated report for the current simulation, select View Excel Reports in the Run/View
ribbon. If the previously generated report is not available for the current simulation, then an error message
will pop up requesting the user to generate an Excel report.
To generate and view Excel Reports for a Batch of Simulation files:
1. In the Excel Reports dialog box, click Edit Simulation List... to open the General Spread Sheet - Network
Files for Batch Run dialog box (See Figure 5-20).
Figure 5-20: General Spreadsheet - Batch Run Files
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2. Click Append Row to open a Search window. This window searches .inp files in the default disk/directory.
You may change to a different directory or disk to search a particular file.
3. Select the appropriate file and click Open.

4. Now you can find the selected file has been listed in the General Spread Sheet - Network Files for Batch
Run dialog box. Similarly you can append number of files using the General Spread Sheet - Network Files for
Batch Run dialog box by clicking Append Row.
5. Similarly, you can add the files can by clicking Insert Row.
6. Click Delete Row to delete an Appended/Inserted file.
7. Select all the options listed under Run Options.
8. Click Run Simulation List to execute the options checked under Run Options. This will generate Excel
Reports for the listed simulation.
Starting the PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Design Results Access System

(RAS)
The PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Design Results Access System (RAS) provides you with access to results data
from network simulation runs. Tables and plots can be generated using data from the Access Database that is
used for the Excel Reports.
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The availability of data is controlled in the Print Options

mk:@msitstore:c:\\simsci\\pphase102\\hlp\\pipephase_gui.chm::/print_options.htm window. You must include
the ability to generate the database. To obtain plots for link data, you need to have requested full information
for the devices. Include the option to Merge Subnetworks to view the links that are broken into different
networks In large simulations, users may limit the links with detailed information using the Print option Link
Data mk:@msitstore:c:\\simsci\\pphase102\\hlp\\pipephase_gui.chm::/print_options.htmwindow. You can
setup plots for any link and you can later change the print options for any simulation run.
To start PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Design RAS:
1. Click Express ->Run Simulation and View Results .. or click Run/View -> Run Simulation and View
Results icon present in the ribbon bar. The Run Simulation and View Results dialog box appears
(see Figure 5-15).
Figure 5-15: Run Simulation and View Results
2. Run the current simulation to generate .RAS file.The generated .RAS file will be saved with a simulation
name that is currently opened and is stored in the same directory as the simulation.
NOTE: When you run the current simulation, it will generate a .RAS file which is used a timestamp to verify
the Access Database is current. If the Access database is not current for the latest simulation run, you will be
prompted to regenerate the database when you open the RAS window. Note that this check looks at the
latest simulation results and does not prompt you to run the simulation if you have changed data.
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3. Click the RAS button in the Run Simulation and View Results dialog box to bring up the PIPEPHASE Pipeline
Network Design RAS window (see Figure 5-16).
4. Select File/New in PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Design Result Access System to open file search window.
5. Select the .RAS file.
6. Click Open to load.
Figure 5-16: The PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Design RAS Main Window
7. You can manage plots and tables by creating new items, editing items or deleting items.
8. Set the Plotter to either the Simsci Plot Viewer or Excel
9. The Units of Measure used are the same as the Excel Report (simulation output UOM) and cannot be
changed unless you rerun the simulation
To exit PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Design RAS, do one of the following:

 Choose Exit on the File menu <Alt+F,X>, or
 Double-click on the Control-menu box in the upper left hand corner of the PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network
Design RAS main window <Alt+F4>.
To display a PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Design RAS menu:
 Click the menu name or press <Alt+n> where n is the underlined letter in the menu name.
For example, to display the File menu, either click File, or press <Alt+F>.
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Figure 5-17: File Menu
Figure 5-18: General Menu
PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Design RAS toolbar contains two buttons, before a RAS database file is opened :
 File Open Button
 Load Existing RAS Plot Button
Two additional buttons appear on the toolbar, after a RAS database file is opened:
 Save RAS Database
 Define Output Units of Measure
Generate an Excel table using the PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Design RAS
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1. To create an Excel table, click the Add or Edit button from the main window to open the Results Access
System - Table Definition window,
2. Enter the table Title and Notes.

3. Select the Case you would like to view – you may select all cases for case study or time stepping simulations.
4. Use the Sort By option to select how you would like the variables sorted.
5. Click the Add button to add items to your table. This opens the RAS Table Definitions window.
6. You can generate tables for Nodes or Links in the simulation. You can combine nodes and links in the same
table definition, but we recommend you create separate tables different classes of data
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7. For nodes and links, you can generate a table for all items in the simulation or selected items
8. Add variables to the table by selecting the Parameter and clicking the Add button
9. After you have added the desired parameters, click Done button to return to the parent window
10. From the parent window, click the View button to generate the table in Excel.
Generate a plot using the PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Design RAS
1. To create an Excel plot, click the Add or Edit button from the main window to open the Results Access
System - Plot Definition window
2. Enter the plot Title and Notes.

3. Select the Case you would like to view – you may select all cases, but the plot is limited to 15 items and your
selection may be truncated.
4. Select the X-axis Variable.
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5. Click the Add button to add items to your plot. This opens the RAS Plot Definitions window.
6. You can a generate link profile plots for the entire link or selected devices in the link.
7. Add variables to the plot by selecting the Parameter and pressing the Add button.
8. After you have added the desired parameters, click the Done button to return to the parent window.
9. From the parent window, click the View button to generate the plot using either the Simsci Plotter or Excel,
depending on your selection in the main RAS window.
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Chapter 6
Tutorial
Introduction
This chapter presents the step-by-step procedure required for the optimization of an off-line pipeline design. In
the first part of this tutorial, you will look at the optimal design based only on capital cost considerations. Then,
you will include the operating costs over the lifetime of the pipeline (10 years) and examine the effect the
operating costs have on the overall design strategy.
Problem Description
In this simulation, a pipeline is designed to deliver gas at a rate of 1200 MMSCFD at a minimum pressure of 900
psi from two offshore fields. Table 6-1 and Table 6-2 provide additional process details including piping and
compressor capital expenditures.
Table 6-1: Process Conditions
Offshore Field A
Distance from processing plant, miles 200

Wellhead pressure, psi 2000
Offshore Field B
Distance from field A, miles 180

Wellhead pressure, psi 2000
Table 6-2: Pipeline and Compressor Capital Costs
Pipeline Cost/mile $0.70MM/inch ID

Compressor Cost/1000 hP $4.66MM
The overall capital cost is the sum of the cost of purchasing and laying pipe and purchasing the compressors.
Pipe Costs (MM$) = Cost of Pipe from Field 1 + Cost of Pipe from Field 2
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Chapter 6 – Tutorial
= 0.70*200*IDPipe 1 + 0.70*180*IDPipe 2
= 140*IDPipe 1 + 126*IDPipe 2
Compressor Cost (MM$) = 4.66E-3*wCompr 1 + 4.66E-3*wCompr 2
The overall capital cost is therefore a linear function of the ID of the two pipeline segments and compressor
power:
Capital Cost =140*IDPipe 1 + 126*IDPipe 2 + 4.66E-3*wCompr 1 + 4.66E-3*wCompr 2
PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Design optimizes the design to minimize the overall capital costs by varying the
pipe diameters and the sizes of the compressors at the two platforms. Apart from the delivery target, there are
three additional design and operating constraints that must be taken into consideration:
 Pipe sizes are available only in sizes 24"-40" with a maximum operating pressure of 2475 psi.
 Due to limited space on each platform, the maximum capacity of each compressor is 50000 HP.
 Both pipeline sections must be built as the capacity of the platform for field A is inadequate to meet the
overall delivery requirement.
The overall network is shown in Figure 6-1.
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Figure 6-1: Tutorial Problem
Building the Network

First, you must open a new project:
1. Select the New option from the File menu. The Windows explorer dialog box is displayed. Next, you must
supply a name for this new simulation.The Create New Simulation window appears for laying down your
process flowsheet. By default, this simulation will be created in the C:\SIMSCI\Pphase2021\USER directory.
2. Type in TUTORIAL in the File Name data entry field as shown in Figure 6-2.
3. Then, click the Open button.
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Figure 6-2: Create New Simulation Window
Tip: By using the toolbar icons, you reduce the number of mouse actions required for a selection. For example,
you can click the toolbar button to create a new simulation.
PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Design will now automatically take you through Simulation Setup Wizard .
Figure 6-3: Welcome to Simulation Setup Wizard
4. Click the Next button.
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Figure 6-4: Select Simulation Type
5. Select the Network Model Simulation Type and then click the Next button.
Figure 6-5: Select Fluid Type
6. Select Gas as Fluid Type and then click the Next button.
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Figure 6-6: Select Default Units of Measurement
7. Select Petroleum as Default Units of Measurement and then click the Next button.
Figure 6-7: Select the Segmentation
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Figure 6-8: Confirm the Selections
8. Confirm your selections and then click Finish.The Fluid Property Data window will appear as shown in Figure
5-9.
9. Click Edit on the Fluid Property Data window. The Single Phase Gas PVT Data window appears.
10. Enter a specific gravity of 0.69 in the Gas Gravity field and the following composition of contaminants:
Component Mole %
Nitrogen 1.32
Carbon dioxide 0.98
Hydrogen sulfide 0.56
The completed window will appear as shown in Figure 6-9.
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Figure 6-9: Fluid Property Data
11. Click the OK button to continue.

Figure 6-10: Single Phase Gas PVT Data Window
To create a second property data set.

1. Click the New button on Fluid Property Data window. This brings up the Single Phase Gas PVT Data window
with Set Number already set to 2.
2. Enter a specific gravity of 0.701 in the Gas Gravity field and the following composition of contaminants:
Component Mole %
Nitrogen 1.11
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Carbon dioxide 0.88

Hydrogen sulfide 0.24
The completed window will appear as shown in Figure 6-11.

Figure 6-11: Single Phase Gas PVT Data Window
3. Click the OK button. The Fluid Property Data window will appear as shown in Figure 6-12.
Figure 6-12: Fluid Property Data

This will bring up A Note Box as shown in Figure 6-13 that inform the users about the definition of the colors
that are used in the GUI.
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Figure 6-13: Note to give information about the colors used in the GUI.

The next step is to enter the simulation details like description, definition, input unit of measurement.
6. From the the ribbon bar, select Input -> Problem Description . The Simulation Description dialog box
appears as shown in Figure 6-14.
Figure 6-14: Simulation Description Window
To complete this data entry window:

1. Enter the Project, Problem, User, Date, Site, and Description data entry fields and click the OK button.
2. From the the ribbon bar, select Input -> Problem Definition . The Simulation Definition dialog box
3. Use the drop-down list boxes to select a Simulation Type of Network Model and a Fluid Type of Gas.
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Figure 6-15: Simulation Definition Window

After leaving the Simulation Definition window, you will want to check Input Dimensions. From the the
ribbon bar, select Input -> Input Units of Measurement . The Input Units of Measurement dialog box
5. For this problem, the flowrate basis will be Gas Volume units of MM ft3 /day.
6. Use the Pipe Length drop-down list box to change the default units to miles (mi) as shown in Figure 6-16.
Figure 6-16: Input Dimensions Window

The next step is to begin entering the nodes _ sources, sinks, and junctions _ required for the problem. For
this simulation, you will lay down two sources, one sink, and one junction, in that order.
To select the nodes:
 Click one of the node icons from the Input Ribbon Bar.
 Move the cursor to the location on the main window where the node is to be located and click again. The
node will appear in the main flowsheet area of the screen.
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 Repeat this step for each of the nodes in the flowsheet until the entire system has been constructed as
shown in Figure 6-17.
Note: If you have added the nodes in the stated order of sources, sink, followed by the junction, the sources
will be labeled S001 and S002, the sink, D001, and the junction, J004.
Figure 6-17: PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Design Main Window
Tip: For very large systems, multiple nodes may be placed by holding down the Shift key and clicking on each
desired location for a given node.
Note: Once a node has been placed, it may be moved by simply clicking on the node with the left mouse button,
holding it down, and dragging the node to a new location.
All of the source and sink nodes placed on the screen should be bordered in red indicating that user input is
required for that node.
After all of the nodes have been placed and named as shown in Figure 5-17, the next step is to connect the
nodes into a logical flow network.
To connect two nodes:
 Click on a source or junction ("From" node) with the left mouse button. A red square will appear on the
node, and the border of the node will turn green to indicate that the node has been selected.
 Next, click inside the square with the left mouse button and, while holding the mouse button down, drag the
cursor to another junction or sink ("To" node).
Once a square has been selected and the cursor begins to move, all of the connection squares in the available
junction and sink nodes will turn blue indicating a valid location to which you can connect the link.
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For this simulation, you must connect S001 to J004, S002 to J004, followed by J004 to D003. The flow diagram
should now show the structure shown in Figure 6-18.
Figure 6-18: Connected PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Design Simulation
The next step is to enter the data for each of the sources and sinks.
To enter the data for the source S001:
 Double-click the node S001, and enter the following information:
Node Data Value
Pressure (fixed) 2000 psig

Temperature 80 F
Standard Flowrate 600 MMft3/day
(estimated)
 Select the PVT Property Set as 1 in the Properties field. The window should appear as shown in Figure 6-19.
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Figure 6-19: Completed Gas Source S001 Window
 Click the OK button to return to the main window. The source is now bordered in blue, indicating that all
required data have been entered.
To enter the data for the source S002:
 Double-click on the node S002. The same window should appear as shown in Figure 6-19.
 Enter the following information:
Node Data Value
Pressure (fixed) 2000 psig

Temperature 80 F
(estimated)
Select the PVT Property Set as 2 in the Properties field.

 Click the OK button to return to the main window. The second source is now bordered in blue, indicating
that all required data have been entered.
To enter the data for the sink D003:
 Double-click on the node D003. The window should appear as shown in Figure 6-20.
 Enter the following information:
Node Data Value
Pressure (estimated) 900 psig
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Node Data Value

(fixed)
Figure 6-20: Completed Sink D003 Window
 Click the OK button to return to the main window. The sink is now bordered in blue, indicating that all
required data have been entered.
 Lastly, you must enter the data for each of the links on the flowsheet. Let’s start with link L001 between
source S001 and junction J004.
To enter the data for this link:
 Double-click on the link L001. This brings up the Link <L001> Device Data window as shown in Figure 6-21.
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Figure 6-21: Link <L001> Device Data Window
 Click the Pipe button on the device palette to add this device to the link. This automatically brings up the
Pipe data entry window.
 Enter the data given in Table 6-3.
Table 6-3: Link <L001> Device Data
Link L001 _ S001 to J004
PIPE E001
Length 0.2 miles

Nominal ID 8 inches
Schedule 40
Thermal Calculations Heat Pipe in Water; Ambient
Transfer temperature: 45 F
The completed Pipe window for device E001 should appear as shown in Figure 6-22.
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Figure 6-22: Complete Pipe Device E001 Window
 Click the OK button to return to the Link <L001> Device Data window.
 Then click the OK button to return to the main window.
 Next, you must add devices to link L002 connecting source S002 and junction J004.
 Double-click on the link L002. This brings up the Link <L002> Device Data window.
 Click the pipe button on the device palette to add this device to the link. This automatically brings up the
Pipe data entry window.
 Enter the data given in Table 6-4 for the pipe device E002 on link L002. The completed Pipe window for
device E002 should appear the same as shown in Figure 6-22.
Link L002 _ S002 to J004
PIPE E002
Length 180 miles

Actual ID 24 inches
Compressor E003
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Link L002 _ S002 to J004
Power 20000 hP
Adiabatic Efficiency 80%
 Click OK to return to the Link <L002> Device Data window.

 Next, you must add a compressor to this link by clicking the compressor button on the device palette. This
automatically adds this new device after the currently selected device (i.e., the pipe E002) and brings up the
Compressor data entry window for device E003.
 Enter the data given in Table 6-4 for the compressor device E003 on link L002. The completed Compressor
window should appear as shown in Figure 6-23.
Tip: To copy or delete a device previously added to a link, highlight that device, then click on the COPY then
PASTE or DELETE buttons on the left palette in the Link Device Data window.
Figure 6-23: Completed Compressor E003 Window
 Click OK to return to the Link <002> Device Data window.

 Then, click OK again to return to the main window.
 Using the data given in Table 6-5, repeat the above steps for link L003 connecting junction J004 to sink D003.
The main window will now appear as shown in Figure 6-24.
Link L003 _ J004 to D003
PIPE E004
Length 200 miles
Actual ID 35 inches
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Link L003 _ J004 to D003

Compressor E005
Power 25000 hP
Adiabatic Efficiency 80%
Figure 6-24: PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Design Main Window
Let’s save the data entered so far.

 Click the Save button on the toolbar, or select the File/Save menu option.
Entering Optimization Data

Now, you must define the design constraints, coefficients for the objective function, decision variables, and
optimization parameters.
 Click the Network Optimization Data button on the toolbar, or select the Special Features/NETOPT
Optimization Data menu option. This brings up the Network Optimization Data window.
 Check the Enable Network Optimization check box.
 In the Objective data entry field, select the Minimize Objective Function radio button.
 Now, you must define the objective parameters by clicking on the Objective Parameters button to bring up
the Network Optimization Objective Parameters window.
As discussed previously, the overall capital cost is a linear function of the ID of the two pipeline segments and
compressor power:
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Capital Cost = 140*IDPipe 1 + 126*IDPipe 2 + 4.66E-3*wCompr 1 + 4.66E-3*wCompr 2
There are therefore four objective parameters for this optimization problem as shown in Table 6-6.
Table 6-6: Objective Parameters
Link Description Coefficient in Objective Function
L003 Pipe E004 Inside Diameter, 140

ID
L002 Pipe E002 Inside Diameter, 126
ID
L003 Compressor E005 Power, 4.66E-3
w
L002 Compressor E003 Power, 4.66E-3
w
To enter the first objective parameter:

 In the Network Optimization Objective Parameters window, click the Add button. This brings up the Define
Objective Parameter window.
 Select the Link Name radio button in the Node/Device/Calculator Name field.
 Select link L003 from the Link Name drop-down list box.
 Select Pipe from the Device Type drop-down list box. By default, PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Design will
display the correct device name, E004.
 Select Inside Diameter from the Parameter drop-down list box.
 Type in 140 in the Correlation Coefficient data entry field as shown in Figure 6-26.
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Figure 6-26: Define Objective Parameter Window
 Repeat for the other three objective parameters using the data in Table 6-6.
Tip: For the Compressor objective parameters, select Set Power from the Parameters drop-down list box in the
Define Objective Parameter window.
 The completed Network Optimization Objective Parameters window is shown in Figure 6-27.
Figure 6-27: Network Optimization Objective Parameters Window
 Click the OK button to return to the Network Optimization Data window.

 Next you must define the decision variables.
There are four decision variables for this optimization problem as shown in Table 6-7 below.
Table 6-7: Decision Variables
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Link Description Limits Relative Perturbation
L003 Pipe E004 Internal Diameter, ID 24"<ID<48" -
L002 Pipe E002 Internal Diameter, ID 24"<ID<48" -
L002 Compressor E003 Power, w 0 hP<w<50000 hP 0.001

L003 Compressor E005 Power, w 0 hp<w<50000 hP 0.001
To enter the first decision variable:

 In the Network Optimization Data window, click the Add button. This brings up the Define Decision Variable
window.
 Select the Link Name radio button in the Node/Device Name field.
 Select link L003 from the Link Name drop-down list box.
 Select Pipe from the Device Type drop-down list box. By default, PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Design will
display the correct device name, E004.
 Select Inside Diameter from the Parameter drop-down list box.
 Click the Limits button. This brings up the Optimizer Variable Limits window as shown in Figure 6-28.
 In the Variable Lower Limit field, enter a value of 24 for Mechanical Limit (Absolute Value).
 In the Variable Upper Limit field, enter a value of 48 for Mechanical Limit (Absolute Value).
Figure 6-28: Optimizer Variable Limits Window
 Click the OK button to return to the Define Decision Variable window.

 Then, click the OK again to return to the Network Optimization Data window.
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 Repeat for the other three decision variables using the data in Table 6-7 above.
Tip: For the Compressor decision variables, select Available Power from the Parameters drop-down list box in
the Define Decision Variable window.
The Network Optimization Data window should now appear as shown in Figure 6-29.
Figure 6-29: Network Optimization Data Window
 Next you must define the constraints by clicking the Constraints button to bring up the Network
Optimization Constraints window
Table 6-8: Constraints
Node Name Description Limits
Sink D003 Pressure P>900 psi

Link L002 Compressor E003 Outlet Pressure, P 0 psi<P<2475 psi
Link L003 Compressor E005 Outlet Pressure, P 0 psi<P<2475 psi
To enter the first constraint:

 In the Network Optimization Constraints window, click the Add button. This brings up the Define Constraint
window.
 Select the Node Type radio button in the Node/Device/Calculator/External Name field.
 Select Sink from the Node Type drop-down list box. By default, PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Design will
display D003 as the Node Name.
 Select Pressure from the Parameter drop-down list box.
 Click the Limits button. This brings up the Optimizer Variable Limits window.
 In the Variable Lower Limit field, enter a value of 900 for Mechanical Limit (Absolute Value).
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 Click the OK button to return to the Define Constraint window.

 Then click OK again to return to the Network Optimization Data window.
 Repeat for the other two constraints using the data in Table 6-8.
Tip: For the Compressor constraints, select Outlet Pressure from the Parameter drop-down list box in the Define
Constraint window.
The Network Optimization Constraints window should now appear as shown in Figure 6-30.
Figure 6-30: Network Optimization Constraints Window
 Finally, you must specify the optimization options. Click OK to return to the Network Optimization Data
window.
 On the Network Optimization Data window, click the Optimization Options button. This brings up the
Optimization Options window. For this problem, you must increase the number of optimizer iterations from
the default value of 10.
 In the Maximum Number of Optimizer Cycles field, select the Specified Number radio button and enter a
value of 30 in the corresponding data entry field as shown in Figure 6-31.
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Figure 6-31: Optimization Options Window
 Click the OK button to return to the Network Optimization Data window shown in Figure 6-32.
Figure 6-32: Network Optimization Data Window
 Then, click the OK button again to return to the main PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Design window.
 Select the File/Save menu option to save the simulation date entered so far.
Specifying Print Options

Before you can run the simulation, you must specify the print options for the output report and save the
simulation.
Click the Input -> Print Options icon from the main PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Design window. The Print
Options dialog box appears as shown in Figure 6-33.
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Note: You must turn off the input reprint, select that all device details be printed (the FULL option), and
generate a database.
 By default, Ability to Generate Excel Database is set to FULL.

 Select the NONE option from the Input Reprint drop-down list box.
 Select the FULL option from the Device Detail drop-down list box. The completed Print Options window
should appear as shown in Figure 6-33.
Figure 6-33: Completed Print Options Window
 Click OK to return to the main PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Design window.

 Select the File/Save menu option to save the simulation data entered so far.
Now you are ready to run your simulation.
Running the Simulation

If you are running on a UNIX server, you must first define your run remote settings.
See the section titled "Run Remote" in Chapter 3, Installing PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Design on page 13 for
details.
 Select the File/Remote Settings menu option to bring up the Run Remote Settings window. By default, the
Run Calculations on Remote Computer check box is enabled.
 Select the appropriate option from the Local Operating System Version drop-down list box.
 Supply a Remote Machine Name, Remote User ID, and Remote User Directory for your remote host
machine.
 Select TELNET or RSH for remote execution and supply the appropriate commands for running PIPEPHASE.
 Click the OK button on the Run Remote Settings window to return to the main PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network
Design window.
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 Click the RUN button on the toolbar or select the File/Run menu option to run PIPEPHASE. This brings up the
Run Simulation and View Results window.
 Click the Run button in the Run Simulation field.
The status of the simulation run is shown in the Run Status window, which may be scrolled and resized. If you
have successfully entered all the data correctly, your Run Simulation and View Results window will appear as
shown in Figure 6-34.
Figure 6-34: Run Simulation and View Results Window
Viewing and Plotting Results

To view the summary results:
 Select the Summary option from the Report drop-down list box, then click the View button to view the
results as shown in Figure 6-35.
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Figure 6-35: Base Summary Report
Using the RAS to Plot Results

PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Design includes a powerful utility called the Results Access System (RAS) that
allows you to plot the results of your optimization run.
 Click Run/View -> RAS Run Access System . The main PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Design RAS window
Note: Alternatively, you can double-click the PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Design RAS icon located in the Run
Simulation and View Groups dialog box.
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Figure 6-36: PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Design RAS Window
 Next, select the File/New menu option.

 Select the TUTORIAL.RAS database file.
 Click the Edit button beside the Plot Report drop-down list box to define your plot. This brings up the RAS
Plot Options window.
 Click the Add button to bring up the RAS Plot Data Options window.
 Next you must plot the pressure along link L003 (from junction J004 to sink D003) for the base case and the
optimized case.
By default, the Initial Case option is selected in the Simulation drop-down list box.
 Select L003 from the Link Name drop-down list box.
 Check the All Devices in the Link check box.
By default, PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Design RAS will select Pressure as the State Variable to plot on the
y-axis.
 Click the Add Selection button to add this to the list of variables to plot.
 Repeat the above steps for link L003 for the Optimized Case.
 Click the Done button to return to the RAS Plot Options window.
 Fill in the Title, X-Axis Label, and Y-Axis Label fields as shown in Figure 6-37.
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Figure 6-37: RAS Plot Options Window
 Click the View button to view the plot shown in Figure 6-38.
Figure 6-38: RAS Plot
You can save this plot or export the data as a comma-delimited or tab-delimited ASCII file using the File menu
options on the Plot window.
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 Select File/Close to close the Plot window.

 Click OK on the RAS Plot Options window to return to the main RAS window.
Generate and View Excel Report

PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Design has extended its capability to generate and view reports.
Procedure to invoke Excel report has been listed below:
 Click Create Excel Report option in Run/View Ribbon bar to generate an Excel report for a currently
opened simulation. The Excel Reports dialog box (see figure 6-39) appears.
 In the Excel Reports dialog box, different types of Summary and Link reports are available. You can observe
some of the options have been already selected. The selected options are called Set default ‘Print Options’.
 Select all the options listed under Run Options.
Figure 6-39: Excel Reports
 Click Run Current Network to execute the options checked under Run Options. This will generate Excel
Reports for the simulation, which is currently opened.
Note: Uncheck the Run Simulation option under Run Options, if you have already run the simulation through
Run Simulation and View Results dialog box. Excel Reports dialog box can be viewed by clicking Excel button
present in Run Simulation and View Results dialog box.
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Index
A
Additional Component Capabilities • 48
Additional Thermodynamic Capabilities • 48
Assay Curve • 48
C
Compiler requirements • 10
Custom (full) installation
option • 13
D
Default installation
disk space requirement • 11
Default installation directory • 18
Defaults • 44
Defining
Fluid Properties • 48
Properties for Compositional Fluids • 48
Properties for Mixed Compositional/ Non-Compositional Fluids • 58
Properties for Non-compositional Fluids
Liquid • 55
Defining Properties for Non-compositional Fluids • 55
Disk space requirements
PIPEPHASE • 11
Documentation • 7
printed material • 10
F
FNP 11.11 • 18
FNP11.11 • 13, 18
Full installation
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Chapter 6 – Index
G
Gaslift and Sphering • 42
Generating and Using Tables of Properties • 58
H
Hardware requirements • 10
Heat Transfer Calculations • 78
Help, online • 7
I
Installation options • 13
Installing
PIPEPHASE • 13
L
Library Components • 48
M
Media • 10
N
Nodal Analysis • 87
Nominal Diameter • 66
Non-library Components • 48
O
Online
documentation • 7
help • 7
Operating system requirements • 10
P
Petroleum Pseudocomponents • 48
Pipe Schedule • 66
PIPEPHASE
Case Studies • 85
Changing Window Size • 38
disk space requirements • 11
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Chapter 6 – Index
documentation • 10
Equipment Items • 73
Global Settings • 44
hardware/software requirements • 10
installing • 13
Main Window Components • 26
media • 10
package contents • 10
reviewing the results • 21
Units of Measurement • 44
Piping Structure • 42
Pressure Drop in Completions • 66
Pressure Drop in Fittings • 66
Pressure Drop in Flow Devices • 66
Printout Options • 44
PRO/II
icons • 18
Production Planning • 81
Properties for Non-compositional Fluids
Blackoil • 55
Gas • 55
Gas Condensate • 55
Liquid • 55
Steam • 55
R
Relationships
Reservoirs and Inflow Performance • 80
Results • 21
S
Security options
selecting for PRO/II • 13, 18
Software requirements • 10
Sources • 59
Sphering or Pigging • 79
Structure of Network Systems • 60
Subsurface Networks and Multiple Completion Modeling • 82
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Chapter 6 – Index
T
Thermodynamic Properties and Phase Separation • 48
Time-stepping • 81
Transport Properties • 48
Typical (default) installation
option • 13
U
User-added subroutines
installation option • 13
installing • 18
Version 2021

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AVEVA™ PIPEPHASE™ Pipeline Network Design

Getting Started Guide

Chapter 1 Introduction ...................................................................................... 6

Chapter 2 Installation Requirements ............................................................... 10

Chapter 3 Installing PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Design ................................ 13

Chapter 5 Getting Started ................................................................................ 26

Chapter 6 Tutorial .......................................................................................... 100

Index ................................................................................................................ 131

About this Manual

Chapter 1 Introduction 6 Introduces the manual, the program, and SIMSCI.

About PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Design

Where to find Additional Help

Where to Find Additional Help

If you want to... See...

Quickly learn how to simulate a simple flowsheet using This document

Verifying the Package Contents

Operating System  Windows 10 (32 bit and 64 bit),

Operating System  Windows 10(32 bit and 64 bit),

Disk Space Requirements

Installation Type or Application Disc Space Required

Default Installation (no user-added 200 MB

Installing PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network

PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Design Installation

Note: PC user-added subroutines require a custom installation.

Installing PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Design

o Microsoft.2010.C++(x86 and x64) Runtime

6. Click Next. The End-User License Agreement dialog box appears.

12. Select a Setup option - Custom or Complete (Typical or User Added).

13. Click Next. The Security Type dialog box appears.

14. Select the security type.

Directory Structures and Desktop Icons

C:\Program Files (x86)\Common Files\ [Program executable files]

C:\SIMSCI\Pphase2021\User [PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Design user directory]

C:\SIMSCI\Pphase2021\Manuals [PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Design Manuals]

C:\SIMSCI\Pphase2021\HLP [PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Design HLP Manuals]

C:\Program Files (x86)\Common [GUI bitmaps and icon files]

C:\Program Files (x86)\Common [Framework Files]

Testing PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Design

Review the Results

Uninstalling PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Design

Accessing User-Added Subroutines (UAS)

Workspace for PIPEPHASE User-Added Routines

Project Description Build Products

D_MAINONE Project used to update PIPEPHASE user-added D_MAINONE.DLL

Note: Build products must be copied into the C:\PROGRAM FILES\COMMON

Build Sample One: Customize a Pressure Drop Model

Executable for… C:\PROGRAM FILES (x86)\COMMON

Working Dir… C:\PROGRAM FILES (x86)\COMMON

Build Sample Two: Customize a PRO/II Thermo routine

 Start IVF by selecting it from the Start menu.

Troubleshooting Licensing Issue

For information on how to troubleshoot licensing issues, refer to

The guide is available in the C:\Program Files (x86)\Common Files\SIMSCI\UniqueFileFolder folder.

Starting PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Design

Navigating the PIPEPHASE Pipeline Network Design Main Window

The Main Tabs

File Ribbon Bar

Input Ribbon Bar

Tools Ribbon Bar

The Tools Ribbon bar enables the following options:

 Print Options, UOM, PVT data, Calculation Options, Global Defaults

Run/View Ribbon Bar

The Run/View Ribbon bar enables the following options: