Proceedings of the Sixth International Conference on Inventive Computation Technologies [ICICT 2021]

IEEE Xplore Part Number: CFP21F70-ART; ISBN: 978-1-7281-8501-9

Modelling and Analysis of Magnetically Coupled

Impedance Source Inverter for Solar Photovoltaic
Systems
Chandrashekhar Badachi Pooja S Laad,
E&E Dept., M SRIT E&E Dept., M SRIT
Bangalore, Karnataka,India Bangalore, Karnataka
eeebadachi@gmail.com poojalaad17gmail.com

Abstract— The renewable sources of energy are the the system cost, its performance is affected by the EM I noise,
trending energy source in the present scenario because of it also requires output LC filter to provide non-distorted wave
2021 6th International Conference on Inventive Computation Technologies (ICICT) | 978-1-7281-8501-9/21/$31.00 ©2021 IEEE | DOI: 10.1109/ICICT50816.2021.9358477

several advantages over the conventi onal energ y sources. form and it also has high inrush current problem [5]. The
Mainl y, the non-polluting nature of these sources has current source inverter (CSI) also suffers with limitations,
been a key factor for wi de usage. Among these sources, such as it does not offers wide range of conversion and
solar energy has been most popular source used in the inversion, hence it requires extra DC to DC converter for
generation of electrical power for several applicati ons. increasing or decreasing the voltage, which increases the
The solar photovoltaic system performance mainl y system cost and power losses at two stagexx`s, and is also
depends on the converter and inverter used in the system. vulnerable to EMI noise[6]. These two inverters are not
The conventional converter and inverters based solar PV interchangeable in any given solar PV system.
system suffers with l ower efficiency because of two stage
conversion of power, low voltage g ain and slow dynamic
response. The magnetically coupled impedance source
inverter (MCIS inverter or Y-source inverter) developed
recently found to offer higher voltage gain and fast
dynamic response. In the present work a Y-source
inverter wi th simple boost control techni que is modelled
and analyzed for a solar PV system using MatLAB
Simulink. The results are compared wi th that of Z-source
inverter. It is observed that the voltage gain and output Fig. 1 Block Diagram of the PV System
voltage of the Y-source based sol ar PV system is higher in
comparison with Z-source inverter. To overcome these drawbacks, a Z-source inverter shown
Keywords— S olar PV system, MCIS , ZS I, S BC, Voltage in Fig.2 has been proposed [5] and this inverter has been very
gain, S hoot through. widely used for various applications such as energy
generation with renewables without storage [7], [8], [9] and
I. INT RODUCT ION with storage [10]. It has been also used in grid connected
systems [11]. Th is inverter offers advantages such as, it
The global warming has become a serious issue across the performs both buck-boost function in one stage there by
word because of more carbon released into the atmosphere by reducing the conversion losses and also the EMI noise effect
the Heavy industries, more conventional power plants, has been reduced comparatively [6].
vehicles etc. There are several efforts have been made to
reduce the release of carbon into the nature. One of the effort
is to use non-conventional energy sources to generate
electrical energy. A mong these sources, solar energy (Solar
Photovoltaic System) has been most widely used to generate
the electrical energy due to its nonpolluting nature, is
availability in huge quantity and simp le technology across the
most part of the world [1], [2]. It is also expected that its
usage will be increase drastically in the next few years.
[3],[4]. The traditional solar PV system shown in Fig.1
Fig. 2 Z-Source Inverter
operates first by boosting or bucking the DC and then
The Fig. 2 depicts the three phase Z source inverter consists
converts DC to AC, hence at two stage power conversion of inductors and capacitors connected to form an impedance
takes place. The DC-DC is carried out by converters and DC- network [12].
AC is done by inverter. The solar PV system performance
depends on the performance of these converters and For the ZSI, the output voltage is given by,
inverters. The t raditional voltage source inverter (VSI) which
Vac  M*B*Vpv (1)
has been widely used has the limitations such as it requires
Where 'M' is modulation index, ‘Vpv’ is the output voltage of
DC-DC boost converter if the availab le DC input is low to
PV array, ‘B’ is boost co-efficient. But, 'B' is given by [8],
get the required AC output voltage, which in turn increases

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 Proceedings of the Sixth International Conference on Inventive Computation Technologies [ICICT 2021]
IEEE Xplore Part Number: CFP21F70-ART; ISBN: 978-1-7281-8501-9
B  1/ (1- 2Tsh / T)
Where ‘Tsh ’ is the shoot through time per cycle and
'T' is the switching time.
G=M*B (3)
Where, G and M are the voltage gain and modulation index
respectively [13].
The Z-source also has disadvantages such as input current is
discontinuous during boost mode, voltage gain is low and the
voltage stress on the capacitor in the impedance network is
high [14], [15]. The same tradit ional Z-source inverter has
been modified to overcome its limitations and imp rove the
performance. [14] Once such inverter is the Y-source inverter
(Magnetically coupled impedance source inverter) which
offers high modulation ratio at h igh gain, quality of
waveform is better and stress on the switches is lower. The
present work deals with modeling and analysis of a
magnetically coupled impedance source inverter (M CIS
Inverter) for a solar PV system using MAT Lab Simulink.
Since this inverter offers high voltage gain, hence in the
present work more emphasis is given on voltage gain
II. M AGNET ICALLY COUPLED IMPEDANCE SOURCE
INVERT ER (MCIS INVERT ER)
MCIS inverter, wh ich consists of tightly coupled inductor
with 3-windings and three phase Inverter Bridge. The output
fro m magnetically coupled impedance source converter is
given as input to three phase Inverter Bridge. Three phase
inverter bridge uses six switches either IGBTS or MOSFETs.
The pulses for switches are given by simple boost control
technique. The MCIS inverter is depicted in Fig.3 and its
modes of working principle is as follows:
Fig. 3 Magne tically Coupled Impedance Source Inverter.
Mode 1: The switch VT1 , VT2 are turned on at the same time
due to shoot through state, the winding N1 and N2 is charged
by the capacitor C1 and through the diode D2. According to
magnetically coupled theory the capacitor C2 and
corresponding leakage inductances are charged by the N1 and
N2 windings with the help D1 and D2 diodes. Moreover, the
inductor L1 gets charged by the C3 and source.
Mode 2: The current in the leakage inductance (Ll ) operates
the diode (D2 and D1 ) at a time as a result the state of the
output does not changes to zero immed iately. In addition, the
increment in Ll increases the time interval, wh ich affects the
output condition. Further, the state of the output comes to
zero when the Ll becomes de-energized then three upper
switches VT1 , 3, 5 are switched ON, and three lower switches
VT2 , 4, 6 are switched OFF. Then the capacitor C3 is charged
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by capacitor C2 and winding N2 and N3 . The diode D1 and
(2) D3 provide the conduction path for dc source, capacitor C1,
the inductor L1 .
Mode 3: The zero vector output state changes to the starting
vector.
Mode 4: The starting vector output changes to the ending
vector.
The 3-Phase Y-source inverter based solar PV system is
shown in Fig.4. The solar module selected for the system is
SunPower-SPR-305-WHT having 305W power.
Fig. 4 Block diagram of 3- phase impedance source Inve rte r
The specifications of SunPower-SPR-305-W HT having
305W power rating are Voc=64.2V, Isc=5.96A, Vmp=54.7V,
and Imp=5.58A.y and its P-V characteristics are shown in
Fig. 5.
Fig. 5 P-V Characteristics of PV Array
A. Modeling of 3-  MCIS Inverter
To model the MCIS inverter, inductors having the value of
L1 =L2 =560uH, and seven capacitors having the value of,
C1 =C2 =350uF respectively are considered. The output fro m
Y-source network is given to six s witches (M OSFETs or
IGBTs) S1 , S2 , S3 , S4 .S5 ,S6 . The gating pulses for the selected
switches is given by simple boost control (SBC) technique as
shown in Fig. 7. In SBC, an output pulse is generated three
sine wave are taken and each sine wave is checked with
triangular wave, if sine wave is greater than triangular wave
then pulse will generate, mean while the output from the
MPPT gives constant duty ratio. Thereby, using OR block
add the pulses from the SPWM, PST and NST give as input
to switches S1,S2,S3,S4,S5,S6. Each phase is connected to
load resistor by adding filter and the output of magnetically
coupled impedance source inverter is measured across load
resistors, where the load resistors having the values of 192
336
 Proceedings of the Sixth International Conference on Inventive Computation Technologies [ICICT 2021]
IEEE Xplore Part Number: CFP21F70-ART; ISBN: 978-1-7281-8501-9

ohm each. The output voltage is 410V and the output current
is 1.6A. The Simulin k model for the three phase system is
depicted in the Fig. 6.

Fig. 8 Model of Three Phase impedance source Circuit

Fig. 6 Mode l of Three Phase MCIS Inverter circuit
The simu lation of the switching pulses of three phase
magnetically coupled impedance source inverter waveform is
shown in Fig. 9. The six switches are controlled by the
simp le boost controller (SBC) technique. The SBC generates
the negative and positive shoot through by comparing the
triangular signal with reference signal.
III. RESULT S AND DISCUSSIONS
To validate the improvement of the voltage gain, the duty
ratio is varied for D=0.1, 0.15 and 0.2 and its corresponding
output voltage is observed for both 3-Phase MCIS inverter
and Z-source inverter. The output waveforms for different
duty ratio are depicted in Fig 9,10and 11 for magnetically
coupled impedance source inverter and Fig 12, 13 and 14 for
z-source inverter.

Fig. 7 switching pulses of three phase magnetically coupled impedance

source inverter

Fig.9 O utput voltage for magnetically coupled z -source inverter for duty
B. Modeling of 3-  impedance source Inverter ratio D=0.1

To model the Z-source inverter, inductors having the value of

L1=L2=560uH, and seven capacitors having the value of,
C1 =C2 =350uF respectively are considered. The output fro m
Z-source network is given to six switches (MOSFETs or
IGBTs) S1 , S2 , S3 , S4 .S5 ,S6 . The gating pulses for the selected
switches is given by Simple boost control (SBC) technique.
Meanwhile the output from the MPPT gives constant duty
ratio, and the pulse generating method is explained in three
phase MCIS inverter system. The output voltage is 100V and Fig.10 O utput voltage for magnetically coupled z-source inve rte r for
the output current is 1.6A. The Simu link model for the three
D=0.15
phase impedance source inverter system is depicted in the
Fig. 8.

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 Proceedings of the Sixth International Conference on Inventive Computation Technologies [ICICT 2021]
IEEE Xplore Part Number: CFP21F70-ART; ISBN: 978-1-7281-8501-9

Table 1 Inverter voltages for different duty ratios

Si.No. Duty ZSI output MCIS inverter output

ratio voltage voltage
(V) (V)
1 0.1 100 410
2 0.15 120 530

Fig. 11 O utput voltage for magnetically coupled z-source inverter for 3 0.2 140 1150
D=0.2

A. Calculation of Voltage gain for different duty ratio

The voltage gain is calculated with the help of equation

mentioned in the Table 2 for impedance-source inverter and
magnetically coupled impedance source inverter for duty
ratios of D=0.1, 0.15 and 0.2.

Table 2 Voltage gain for different duty ratios

Si.No. Duty Z-source Magnetically coupled

Fig.12 O utput voltage for z -source inverter for duty ratio D=0.1 ratio inverter[11] impedance source
inverter[16]
G=M*B
K1  1
GY =
1   K1  2  D
K1 =2 for 1:1:2 turns
ratio
1 0.1 1.125 5
2 0.15 1.214 7.5
3 0.2 1.333 15
Fig. 13 O utput voltage for z -source inverter for duty ratio D=0.15

To check the effect of variation of duty ratio on the voltage

gain of the magnetically coupled impedance source inverter
and impedance-source inverter for a g iven solar photovoltaic
system, a graph is plotted between duty ratios and its
corresponding voltage gains is depicted in the Fig. 15
Fro m the Fig.15 it is clear that for same duty ratios the
voltage gain of magnetically coupled impedance source
inverter (YSI) is higher than that of the impedance-source
inverter (ZSI).

Fig. 14 O utput voltage for z -source inverter for duty ratio D=0.2

The comparison of the three magnetically coupled

impedance source and impedance source inverter output
voltages are tabulated according to the duty ratios and is
shown in Table 1.
The output voltages recorded in the Table1 shows that the
MCIS inverter offers better output voltage than the Z-source
inverter, which would result in higher voltage gain.

Fig. 15 Voltage gain Vs Duty ratio for both YSI r and ZSI

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 Proceedings of the Sixth International Conference on Inventive Computation Technologies [ICICT 2021]
IEEE Xplore Part Number: CFP21F70-ART; ISBN: 978-1-7281-8501-9

IV. CONCLUSION [15] P. C. Loh and F. Blaabjerg, "Magnetically Coupled Impedance-

Source Inverters," in IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications,
vol. 49, no. 5, pp. 2177-2187, Sept.-Oct. 2013,
The voltage gain is an important feature to verify the [16] Ji,Y., Liu, H., Zhang, C., & Wheeler, P. , “Voltage-double
performance of a solar PV system. In the present work, magnetically coupled impedance source networks”, IEEE
T ransactions on Power Electronics, 33(7), 5983-5994, 2017
magnetically coupled impedance source inverter and Z-
source inverter is modeled for ta given solar PV system with
a simp le boost control switching techniques. The models
have been simu lated at different duty ratios and
corresponding output voltages have been recorded, and for
the same duty ratios, the voltage gain is determined and
compared. It is observed that, the voltage gain of the
magnetically coupled impedance inverter is very high in
comparison with Z-source for the same solar PV System.
Hence, Y-Source inverter is most suitable for a solar PV
system. The appropriate design of a filter fo r the non -
distorted output wave is for the future work.

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