2021 Asian Conference on Innovation in Technology (ASIANCON)
Pune, India. Aug 28-29, 2021
Performance Analysis of PV system with Quasi Z-
Source Switched Inductor/Capacitor Voltage Gain
Converter
Mayank Singh*
Department of Electrical Engineering,
Rajasthan Technical University,
Kota, INDIA
singhmayank1194@gmail.com
Abstract—Solar power plays an important role in
renewable energy generation source. The typical output
voltage of PV panels is of low order, which cannot be fed to the
grid. A range of converters are used for PV applications like
2021 Asian Conference on Innovation in Technology (ASIANCON) | 978-1-7281-8402-9/21/$31.00 ©2021 IEEE | DOI: 10.1109/ASIANCON51346.2021.9544963
buck, boost, buck-boost, zeta, cuk and sepic as per the required
yield voltage. The output voltage generated from the PV
system needs to be boosted before sending it to the inverter
connected with the grid, which can be done by the help of DC-
DC boost converter. In this paper, several topology of QZS
converter are discussed, which are QZS with SC and ASC/SL-
QZS. These converter are simulated in MATLAB Simulink
with the PV array as an input source. The performance of
these converter are analysed at the different temperature and
irradiance. The temperature and irradiance used for the
operation are 30 & 40 (in 0C) and 500, 750 &1000 (in W/m2)
respectively.
Keywords—PV, QZS converter, voltage lift,
capacitor.
I. INTRODUCTION
Depleting fossil fuel reserves and increasing problem
toward worldwide warming have created the want to surge
for the alternative electricity generation options than
conventional ones. Nowadays, renewable power sources like
PV, wind, fuel cells and biomass are acquiring
conspicuousness as they are more energy efficient, decrease
contamination and furthermore they fill in as promising
answer for the hardest energy crisis during recent years. As
of now, PV generation is getting significance as a renewable
power sources application due to distinctive benefits like
high dependability, ease of allocation, absence of fuel cost,
less maintenance, less wear and noise because of absence of
moving parts. The solar PV as a renewable energy source
having the yield in DC, which is usually low and dependent
upon environment and weather. A boosting stage is essential
for such sources to connect with available grid. The two-
stage systems for AC grid connection, consist step-up DC-
DC inverter and converter. The design of the step-up DC-
DC converter is very important. Different voltage gain
methods like voltage multiplier, SL, SC, coupled inductor,
voltage lift, and cascaded gain method are used in literature.
The PV panels have the problems of low output voltages
and variation by the influences of weather and environment
[1-2] which needs to boost at high voltage level before
connecting it to a dc-ac inverter for connecting with grid and
to a dc-dc bus for connecting to dc load by the help of the
high step-up dc-dc converter, as discussed in fig. 1.
978-1-7281-8402-9/21/$31.00 ©2021 IEEE
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Seema Agrawal
Department of Electrical Engineering,
Rajasthan Technical University
Kota, INDIA
sagrawal@rtu.ac.in
Fig. 1. PV system application
The dc-dc power conversion can be achieved by the
concept of Z-source network. A ZSC is proposed [3] which
has some drawbacks i.e. discontinuous input current, input
and output ground not shared and voltage stress on capacitor
switches is high. The above problem is overcome by QZSC proposed
in [4].
There are several voltage multiplier techniques used by
the researchers in combination with the QZS network for
obtaining the higher voltage level. These techniques are
cascading technique, VL cell, CW voltage multiplier, SL
network, SC network, hybrid SL-SC network, etc discussed
[5-8].
A high-voltage boost two-switch QZS isolated DC-DC
converter and a modified ZSC has been discussed [9-10]. A
new converter is proposed [11] by slight modification in the
converter of [10]. A HQZSC is discussed [12] this
configuration is obtained by the help combining the SL and
SC. The applications of PV array with different
configuration and control scheme is discussed [13-17].
After the introduction section the manuscripts is arranged as
QZS based network topologies are described in section 2,
simulation models for both converters in section 3, results
are discussed in section 4. Section 5 discuss the conclusion
and future scope of this manuscripts.
II. QZS NETWORK BASED TOPOLOGIES
The basic Z-source converter has some demerits such as
discontinuous source current and more capacitor voltage
stress on Z-network capacitor. For overcoming these
problems QZS converter was derived from the basic Z-
source converter. Along with the benefits of Z- source
network topology, QZS converter has some benefits like
lower voltage stress on Z-network capacitor, continuous
input current and discontinuous output current. There are
various QZS network-based topologies discussed below in
the paper and compared for the voltage boosting capability
1
with DC voltage source and PV array as power generating The inductor and capacitor values is given by equation 3
source. and equation 4 respectively.
Switched capacitor contains two capacitor and diodes in ଶୈ౩౞ ሺଵିୈሻ
QZS dc-dc converter with switched capacitor which ଵǡଶ ൌ ୧  
ሺଵିଷୈሻ
enhances boosting capability of QZS which is more suitable
for solar PV. This converter also provides less voltage stress ଶୈ౩౞ ሺଵିଷୈሻ
on z-network capacitor, high voltage gain and continuous  ൌ ୚ 
ሺଵାୈమ ሻ
output and input current. ASC/SL-QZS converter have less
number of components, less voltage stress on Z network III. SIMULATION MODELS
capacitors and cascading can additionally boost its boosting
The values of the circuit parameters i.e. capacitor,
capability.
inductor, switching frequency and resistive load used in the
A. QZS Converter with Switched Capacitor circuit are discribed in table 1.
The circuit connection of the QZS with SC converter is
TABLE I. VALUES OF PARAMETERS USED IN MATLAB MODEL
represented in Fig. 2. In this topology z-source network is BUILDING.
used with the switched capacitor unit and a low pass filter
with resistive load at the output port. The switched capacitor ASC/SL-QZS Converter QZS Converter with Switched
Capacitor
unit is formed by the combination of two diodes, two
capacitor and a switch. It operates in two modes, during Vi = 40 V, fs = 100 kHz, C1 = C2 = Vi = 40 V, fs = 5 kHz, C1 = 500 μF,
C3 = C4 = 100 μF, L1 = L2 = 300 L1 = L2 = 1 mH, Co = 100 μF, and R
mode 1 switch is on & when switch is off that’s mode 2. μH, Cf = 100 μF, Lf = 300 μH and = 60 Ω, Dmax = 0.5.
The voltage gain for this converter is calculated by the R = 50 Ω, Dmax = 0.33.
equation 1 where D is duty cycle.
ሺଵା஽ሻ A. QZS Converter with Switched Capacitor
‫ ܩ‬ൌ ሺଵିଶ஽ሻ  The model was simulated in MATLAB 2016a software.
The boosting competence of QZS converter with switched
L1 Lf capacitor was investigated by using PV array as power
C2 D generating source for this converter. The MATLAB model
D S for this is shown in Fig. 4.
V C3 C4 Cf
L2 R

C1
D

Fig. 2. Diagram of QZS converter with Switched Capacitor.

B. ASC/SL-QZS Converter
The circuit diagram of the ASC/SL-QZS converter is
shown in Fig. 3. The schematic of the basic ASC-qZSI in
which an impedance network comprising of one active Fig. 4. Simulation model of QZS with SC converter
switch, one inductor, one capacitor , and two diodes couples
the inverter bridge to the dc voltage source. B. ASC/SL-QZS Converter
L2
The model was simulated in MATLAB 2016a software.
D1 The boosting competence of ASC/SL-QZS converter was
D3
D6
investigated by using PV array as power generating source
L1
for this converter. The MATLAB model for this is shown in
D2
D4
Fig. 5.
S2
V C0 R

S1

C1

D5

Fig. 3. Basic diagram of ASC/SL-QZS converter.

For increasing the boosting ability, one cell is added in

ASC-QZSC unit. The cell is formed by the help of one Fig. 5. Simulation model of ASC/SL-QZS converter.
inductor and three diodes. This configuration is known as
ASC/SL-QZS Converter. The boosting ability of this IV. RESULTS
converter can be further increase by cascading of the cell. The output voltage and gain of the QZS with SC
Voltage gain for this circuit is given in equation 2. converter is calculated at different duty ratio by using 40 V
ሺଵା஽ሻ DC source as the input. The results are obtained by
‫ܩ‬ൌ  simulating the model with dc voltage source for 0.5 sec,
ሺଵିଷ஽ሻ
which are shown in table 2.

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 TABLE II. RESULTS FOR QZS WITH SC CONVERTER

Duty cycle Output voltage voltage gains

10 52.14 1.30
12 55.94 1.39
15 62.42 1.56
18 70.07 1.75
22 82.67 2.06
28 109.4 2.73 Fig. 8. voltages at 500 W/m2 and 30oC
32 135.7 3.39
38 198.8 4.97 The input and output voltage at 400C and irradiance (in
40 229.3 5.73 W/m2) of 1000, 750 & 500 were represented in the Fig. 9,
42 264.3 6.60
45 306.8 7067
Fig. 10 and Fig. 11 respectively. The input voltage are 19.71
V, 15.01 V and 10.32 V respectively. The output voltage
obtained was 135.1 V, 101.4 V and 67.59 V respectively.
The output voltage and gain of the ASC/SL-QZS
converter is calculated at different duty ratio by using 40
V DC source as the input. The results are obtained by
simulating the model with dc voltage source for 0.5 sec,
which are shown in table 3.

TABLE III. RESULTS FOR ASC/SL-QZS CONVERTER

Fig. 9. voltages at 1000 W/m2 and 40oC
Duty cycle Output voltage voltage gains
10 58.96 1.47
12 65.63 1.64
15 78.37 1.95
18 96.07 2.40
22 134.2 3.35
25 187.2 4.68
28 298.3 7.47
30 481.5 12.03 Fig. 10. voltages at 750 W/m2 and 40oC

The converters is now operated at different values of

irradiance and temperature for checking the feasibility of the
converter with PV generating source. For this, converter is
simulated with PV array in the input of the converter. The
PV array used for this was 1Soltech 1STH-220-P.
The output of the PV array was made constant by
connecting a capacitor across it. The capacitor used for this is
of 50 μF. The duty ratio used for the operation with PV was
0.45.
The input and output voltage at 300C and irradiance (in
W/m2) of 1000, 750 & 500 were represented in the Fig. 6,
Fig. 7 and Fig. 8 respectively. The input voltage are 19.52 V,
14.07 V and 10.22 V respectively. The output voltage
obtained was 133.7 V, 100.3 V and 66.92 V respectively.
Fig. 11. voltages at 500 W/m2 and 40oC
The output of the PV array was made constant by
connecting a capacitor across it. The capacitor used for this is
of 50 μF. The duty ratio used for the operation with PV was
0.25.
The input and output voltage at 300C and irradiance (in
W/m2) of 1000, 750 & 500 were represented in the Fig. 12,
Fig. 13 and Fig. 14 respectively. The input voltage are 37.6
V, 28.9 V and 20.15 V respectively. The output voltage
obtained was 172.6 V, 129.7 V and 86.63 V respectively.

Fig. 6. voltages at 1000 W/m2 and 30oC

Fig. 12. voltages at 1000 W/m2 and 30oC

Fig. 7. voltages at 750 W/m2 and 30oC

Fig. 13. voltages at 750 W/m2 and 30oC

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Fig. 14. voltages at 500 W/m2 and 30oC
The input and output voltage at 400C and irradiance (in
W/m2) of 1000, 750 & 500 were represented in the Fig. 15,
Fig. 16 and Fig. 17 respectively. The input voltage are 37.95
V, 29.16 V and 20.33 V respectively. The output voltage
obtained was 174.3 V, 131 V and 87.51 V respectively.
Fig. 15. voltages at 1000 W/m2 and 40oC
Fig. 16. voltages at 750 W/m2 and 40oC
Fig. 17. voltages at 500 W/m2 and 40oC
V. CONCLUSION
This paper study two topologies of QZS converter and
simulates in MATLAB Simulink environment with DC
voltage source and PV as generation source. The
performance of these converters are analysed at different
values of irradiance and temperature, because irradiance and
temperature are variable input source for PV system output.
The output of solar PV is changes with the change in the
irradiance and temperature that can be shown from figures 6
to 17 for both converters. Other available renewable sources
like super capacitor, fuel cell (which has DC output) can also
be used for power generation with these converters in future
and hardware can also be implemented accordingly.
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