Dawn Editorials and Opinions 2nd Oct 2022

Dawn Editorials & Opinions
2nd Oct 2022

DAWN
EDITORIALS &
OPINIONS
Edited by Hameed
Syed
Page 1 of 21
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Spy games curated: they apply pressure but

Editorial Published October 2, do not do major damage. Rather
2022 than being explosive or
sensational, they seem to be
THE recordings leaked online
warning that the leaker or
over the past week may have
leakers are in possession of
given us a rare peek into the
kompromat on both sides and
behind-the-scenes machinations
will go public with it if need be.
of our political leaders, but it
After the leak of his second
must also be acknowledged that
conversation on the Cablegate
there is something decidedly
matter, former prime minister
sinister about the way the affair
Imran Khan has directly asked
is playing out. Be it the
the country’s security
conversations between former
establishment who is
prime minister Imran Khan and
responsible. It is a pertinent
his confidants on the ‘Cablegate’
question — and one that the
affair or the various
incumbent government itself
conversations between the
ought to be asking publicly as
incumbent, Shehbaz Sharif, and
well. It is strange that the current
his inner circle — the leaks
occupants of the Prime
‘expose’ both sets of civilian
Minister’s Office have so quickly
leaders as two-faced and
moved on from the
untrustworthy. They are clearly
embarrassment caused by their
not the work of an external party
own leaked conversations.
that is — one hesitates to use the
word — neutral or unfamiliar Rather than sharing the result of
with the subtleties of Pakistani whatever the investigation into
politics. the incident has uncovered so
far, they have hushed up the
matter after announcing token
Rather, the audios leaked so far measures for ‘enhanced
appear to have been carefully security’. The government
Page 2 of 21
should not need to be repeatedly any individual should only be

reminded that the public done after formal authorisation
deserves to know who dared to so by a competent authority — that
brazenly spy on two successive too only when there is
prime ministers as if they were incontrovertible evidence of
enemy targets and not elected their involvement in hostile
representatives of the Pakistani activity. The vast powers held by
people. Interior Minister Rana the country’s security apparatus
Sanaullah had said shortly after should not be abused with
the first few leaks began impunity, as the interior
circulating that they should not minister suggests they are.
be a major concern if some Published in Dawn, October 2nd,
mobile phones had been hacked. 2022
The attitude suggests he is
neither qualified nor fit to be
leading the committee probing
the matter. Mobile phone Geopolitical football’
hacking is not ‘simple’ and Editorial Published October 2,
certainly not something that 2022
ought to be brushed aside. It THE US-China rivalry is by all
requires resources at a level only measures one of the globe’s most
government agencies usually dangerous competitions for
have. The interior minister’s power and influence. And while
attitude suggests that he believes it is unlikely both states actively
it to be common practice: this is seek war, the potential for
highly alarming and ought to be conflict certainly exists,
looked into immediately. No especially if the brinkmanship
Pakistani citizen, let alone a and unrestrained combative
leader, should be the subject of rhetoric continue. The American
an illegal hacking, bugging or establishment sees the rising
spying operation. Surveillance of People’s Republic as its number
Page 3 of 21
one global economic, military beneficial” for Pakistan. Mr

and geopolitical rival, as Beijing Bhutto-Zardari managed to
sets its sights on becoming the navigate this diplomatic
world’s biggest economy. The minefield quite tactfully when he
knives are out where the two are said that Pakistan had not asked
concerned, and those states that China to restructure, defer or
maintain critical ties with both swap debt, and that if such a
Washington and Beijing, such as conversation took place, it would
Pakistan, will surely face tough be between Islamabad and
choices, particularly if things get Beijing. The foreign minister
uglier. A preview of the added he would prefer this
diplomatic challenges on the country to be a bridge between
horizon was witnessed recently, the US and China, rather than
when the US used Pakistan’s “being a geopolitical football”.
devastating floods as an Pakistan’s relations with China
opportunity to take a potshot at are strong and deep, while the
China, with the Chinese side country has also enjoyed a long,
repaying Washington in the albeit chequered, relationship
same coin. US Secretary of State with America. Therefore, it is in
Antony Blinken, after meeting the national interest to maintain
Foreign Minister Bilawal Bhutto- cordial relations with both sides.
Zardari in Washington last This paper has always argued
month, suggested Pakistan that any bilateral projects, such
should ask China to do more to as CPEC, should be beneficial to
facilitate debt relief and both — our Chinese friends as
restructuring in the wake of the well as this country. But,
floods. Replying to the top Pakistan should by no means get
American diplomat’s loaded caught in a debt trap. As for
suggestion, the Chinese foreign America, if it sincerely wants to
ministry’s spokesman asked the help Pakistan, dynamic trade
US to do something “real and relations should be promoted so
Page 4 of 21
that Pakistani products can precisely why Mr Dar has been

reach the American consumer, brought back and his
while US businesses are welcome predecessor Miftah Ismail sent
to invest in this country. The home despite the hard work he
message from Islamabad should had put in to get the IMF
be that Pakistan seeks lasting programme back on the rails.
friendships with all states, but The drop in average global oil
will refuse to become a pawn on prices during the last fortnight
the geopolitical chessboard. did provide the new finance
Published in Dawn, October 2nd, minister some room to slash the
2022 politically more explosive petrol
prices but he was able to give
much bigger ‘relief’ to consumers
Fuel price reduction by reducing PDL on petrol by
Editorial Published October 2, Rs5 a litre. As luck would have it,
2022 he also found space to recover
ISHAQ Dar is back; so are his some of the PDL losses on petrol
signature policies. The reduction by raising the levy on diesel.
of a little over 5pc in fuel prices Apparently, the IMF did not
announced by him at his maiden object to this in view of the
presser is his first major act days surging food inflation in the
after he took charge of the aftermath of the devastating
country’s treasury. The cut in floods.
petrol prices will have little Mr Dar is expected to attend the
impact on galloping inflation but annual meeting of the IMF to
it will decrease some pain at the seek some relaxation in its harsh
pump and produce a ‘feel-good’ loan programme conditions in
effect that the PML-N the wake of the massive losses
desperately needs to dilute the caused by the deluge which have
political noise being created by aggravated the economic crisis
the opposition PTI. That is facing the country. Considering
Page 5 of 21
the recent statements of senior the way of accepting the

IMF officials, he will be able to changing norms vis-à-vis
secure significant concessions diversity across the world. The
and additional multilateral usual appeasing response from
dollars. It is at that point when, the state institutions is not only
many fear, he might start making the radical sections
applying his interventionist stronger but also hindering the
policies to shore up the nation in keeping pace with
currency’s value and slash Muslim societies elsewhere that
interest rates to reduce inflation are fast adapting to the
and create an illusion of growth sociocultural changes taking
ahead of the next elections. That place in the world.
may help the ruling PML-N
improve its political stock among
Managing or accepting diversity
the voters but it will ultimately
has remained largely in the
prove disastrous for Pakistan’s
realm of religion for a long time.
economy.
But sociopolitical changes,
Published in Dawn, October 2nd, especially external and internal
2022 migration, have brought the
subject of diversity into the
Getting ready for change administrative domain as well.
Accepting gender, racial, ethnic
Muhammad Amir Rana
or religious diversity is becoming
Published October 2, 2022
an integral part of the
administration of workplaces
THE Pakistani parliament across the world. Increasing
passed the Transgender Persons globalisation demands a global
(Protection of Rights) Act in citizen who feels empathy for
2018. The mounting opposition people of diverse backgrounds.
to the law four years after its This is considered essential for a
enactment reflects the hurdles in
Page 6 of 21
richer experience of life and for Editorial: As a nation, we must

enhancing productivity and learn to stop ostracising people
expanding perspectives. based on their deviances from
widely held norms
From the Middle East and North
Africa to Southeast Asia, Muslim Prejudice and negative
societies are trying harder to perceptions about people of
adjust to new sociocultural other faiths and races are still
norms without compromising on common in both the West and
their core social and religious the East, and shape people’s
values. A Singapore-based opinions about local and global
scholar, James M. Dorsey, politics and cultures. These
recently shared the findings of sentiments are not likely to
the ‘Global Islamic Economy disappear soon as the forces of
Indicator’ compiled by US-based hate are still quite strong around
research and consultancy the world. More interaction
company DigiStandard. The among people of diverse
indicator reviews various backgrounds reduces biases and
subjects linked to Muslims, helps in understanding the
including halal food, Islamic other’s perspectives. Citizens
finance, Muslim-friendly travel living in cosmopolitan cities
and recreation, as well as media. might have more opportunities
It was interesting to note that the for broader interaction, but the
importance of religion is majority live in demographically
increasing in all categories less dense areas.
mentioned here, while, at the
same time, acceptance of
Why is Pakistan often singled out
religious and racial diversity is
and tagged as an intolerant
also high.
society?
Page 7 of 21
A diversity study of England and tendencies in Pakistan to the

Wales, conducted by the Woolf worldview of the Pakistani
Institute of Cambridge diaspora living abroad, which is
University, found that there was often incompatible with other
national consensus that diversity migrant communities. It is a fact
is good for British society. that internal migration and
However, compared to people increasing literacy rates among
living in London, people in the marginalised communities
north and east of England and demand that both state and
Wales tended to be less society promote a culture of
optimistic about diversity. acceptance. Apart from this
Migration brought about debate, the core problem lies in
changes in an individual, the the exclusive nature of the state
host society, and even the where power elites have
immigrant’s own community. nurtured a mindset that is not
Accepting change is always empathetic even to fellow
challenging, and the study found citizens of other faiths. The state
that despite positive attitudes uses religion to impose
towards diversity, many people exclusivity on its citizens, which
across England and Wales could cause a reversal of the law
appeared to be uncomfortable passed by parliament.
with the pace of national and
local changes.
Yasir Pirzada wrote in an Urdu
daily that it took the clergy two
One may argue that if this is a centuries to reconcile with the
global problem, why is Pakistan reality of photographs. And it
often singled out and tagged as may take another 100 years to
an intolerant society? There understand the sufferings of
would be multiple explanations transgender people. He was
available, from the extremist referring to the long debate
Page 8 of 21
among religious scholars that heading towards a destination

produced numerous religious where diversity is more of a
decrees on the legitimacy of celebration than segregation of
photographs. The same religious people. This is a compulsion of
mindset is now creating hurdles the globalised world, and
in the acceptance of gender Pakistan is facing the challenge
diversity in our society. too.
It is true to some extent that the It is understandable that the

clergy is always critical of new journey towards transformation
trends and tends to resist them is not an easy one as the state and
until these become a norm. The religious institutions jointly
state and intelligentsia facilitate resist any change. Both have
alternative views in the debate, developed their own political
but the state turns naïve and economy, and they need
apologetic when the clergy puts collaboration for survival. The
pressure. Another related issue political economy of the religious
is that state institutions always institutions is vast, expanding
feel scared of ethnic and racial further in the form of
diversity in the country and still madressahs, shrines, schools,
believe that religion can unite the health units, charities, huge
nation. But the clergy does not investments in real estate, and
believe in religious diversity. The political parties. Religious
state and clergy form a lethal institutions are least interested
combination, which harms only in what is happening worldwide
their citizens. and in Muslim societies. Even
those who have some awareness
do not take the risk of initiating
Despite all the complexities
the process of change through
associated with acceptance and
dialogue. Only a few sane voices
diversity, the world is gradually
Page 9 of 21
can be heard but these are not heavily polarised Pakistan, the
tolerated by the clergy. reaction has been predictably
and largely along partisan lines,
if statements and social media
Pakistan has the potential to join
posts are any indicator.
Muslim societies in the process
of positive change, but state
institutions here would have to The handful of impartial
provide a chance for alternative observers left in the country have
voices. The change comes viewed these conversations
through transformation in involving the incumbent prime
institutional thinking, which minister, Shehbaz Sharif, and
should have a worldview the former prime minister,
compatible with the norms of the Imran Khan, and their top aides,
age. as a reinforcement of their long-
formed opinion about the key
political players.
The writer is a security analyst.
However, what is very

Published in Dawn, October 2nd,
disappointing is that over the
2022
hundreds of hours of TV
transmissions/Vlogs and dozens
of column centimetres of
Real issues pushed aside newspaper space devoted to this
Abbas Nasir Published October issue, one fundamental question
2, 2022 has rarely been raised.
WITH the ‘hacked’ (or leaked)
audio clips of conversations in Editorial: There is something
the Prime Minister’s Office decidedly sinister about the way
having caused a sensation in a the audio leaks affair is playing
out
Page 10 of 21
subsided, other related issues

Everyone is in agreement that an could be taken up over a longer
expert hacker may have hacked a time frame, or the entity bugging
database, where hours and hours the PM’s Office has actively
of such recordings were digitally ‘discouraged’ any further media
stored, and downloaded as many inquiry into the matter.
gigabytes of these as wanted. An
online claim by the ‘hacker’ says In any case, the media has let
the same. itself down, and equally the
user/consumer, as this was an
Few discussions have focused on opportune moment to start that
who had the constitutional and vital conversation. Who knows
legal authority to bug the office with the ‘neutrals’ so far
of the country’s chief executive. determined to stay neutral,
despite exhortations by the
former prime minister,
But none or very few of the something positive may have
discussions have centered on emerged.
who had the constitutional and
legal authority to bug the office
of the country’s chief executive Something positive, such as the
and store the recorded data. This system’s reform based on, say, an
basic point has not been updated version of Air Chief
addressed. There could be two or Marshal Zulfikar Ali Khan’s
more reasons for that. report recommendations. The
report, which was commissioned
by Benazir Bhutto as prime
Either the hacked content is so minister to look into the role of
interesting that it has dominated the intelligence agencies in our
the discourse and once the politics, has been gathering dust
excitement triggered by it has on a shelf somewhere after being
Page 11 of 21
presented to her. She was sacked to evolve and advance near-

soon after. perfect spin that the supporter
under their influence is
mesmerised by their Goebbels-
Reverting to various reactions to
like propaganda.
the audio leaks that have
received such an airing, that
anyone interested may have It is those teeming partisan
listened to them over and over millions who matter to the
again, the obviously missing politician and not the handful of
element was the issue we have impartial observers upon whom
touched on already — ie who may troll armies are unleashed when
have recorded the they dare express their
conversations? independent opinion in public.
Such opinion is unable to
untangle itself from the web of
If the purpose was to damage the
spin.
popularity of a politician
featuring in these and
jeopardising their prospects in ‘Alternative facts’ are what
next year’s general elections, it matters and those having an
failed miserably. In a deeply expertise, who ‘play’ well, in that
polarised environment, such department win any 5GW battle
leaks have rarely worked; the or skirmish. Those often
main target audience remains economical with the truth are
unmoved. hailed as heroes, and all else is
rendered useless.
Carefully nurtured by official
fifth-generation warfare (5GW) There is no other way to describe
experts, the second-tier leaders how the converts have flocked in
and social media warriors/trolls their hundreds of thousands to
of such a politician are so quick hear and believe what the
Page 12 of 21
impartial observer has known personal agendas when in office,

from day one was merely a ruse and the only thing staying their
— that there was no foreign hands isn’t the principle but the
conspiracy for regime change. ‘optics’ and the fear of getting
caught.
Even as the hacked clips confirm
that was indeed the case, the The country’s economy is
supporter seems unmoved. teetering on the brink of
Believe me, it would take a lot collapse, and despite the most
more to erode the solid support optimistic of outlooks, it is far
base. A number of leaders from being out of the woods. So,
around the world have ridden on we bring in a new finance
a populist tide generated by minister to steady the rocking
‘alternative facts’ in a ‘post-truth’ boat. The man tasked with
environment. saving the country from default
is eased out, despite succeeding.
The best and the toughest of
their political opponents, when Even as the new finance czar is
or if given the opportunity to having a dozen meetings a day to
come to the helm, need to plan and navigate a safe path out
perform wonders in office in of this crisis which is manifesting
today’s resource-starved world itself in the sharply eroded
in order to make a dent in the rupee, high inflation and an
alternative facts-created abysmal current account deficit,
armoured edifice. he has reportedly found time to
prioritise having a ‘large’ official
residence as a must-have, I am
But the best political opponents
told.
in our case, as the audios
suggest, seem more interested in
using their clout to push
Page 13 of 21
But don’t be depressed by all Muna Khan Published October

this. The only thing that 2, 2022
depresses me today is that some
33 million displaced people seem
IS democracy the panacea for all
a million miles away from
ills? In my avatar as a lecturer,
starting to rebuild their lives
whenever matters of
after devastating floods hit the
(mis)governance came up,
country in July and August this
students blamed the
year.
establishment for not allowing
democracy to proceed. However,
We are a Third World country. we were never able to reach a
Even with the generosity of our consensus on what constituted
own people, foreign help and the true democracy because it has
best government effort, we evolved over the years. The one
cannot reach every single one of constant trait we agreed on was
our compatriots whose life has the public’s right to express
been shattered by the climate themselves.
calamity. All else appears no
more than petty shenanigans.
It’s understandable why so many
folks think of elections first when
The writer is a former editor of they think of democracy because
Dawn. voting is one way for people to
Abbas.nasir@hotmail.com express themselves. But as Zac
Gershberg and Sean Illing write
in their book The Paradox of
Published in Dawn, October 2nd, Democracy, that definition is
2022 limiting. “It’s better to think of
democracy less as a government
type and more as an open
Paradox of our time
Page 14 of 21
communicative culture,” they way of knowing which way it will

say. go.
Their work examines how We’re in an era where everyone

democracy is bolstered when can claim to be a journalist.
new communication arrives but
“the more accessible the media of
It is through this lens of
a society, the more susceptible
communicative culture that the
that society is to demagoguery,
authors teach us how to view
distraction, and spectacle”.
democracy and understand its
paradoxes. How an essential
The book recounts the media component of a functioning
environment over the centuries democracy, ie freedom of speech
through communication modes. and media — is proving to be its
The printing press led to the greatest threat.
Enlightenment in the 15th
century but also to religious wars
We’re in an especially unique era
in Europe. The telegraph spread
as everyone can claim to be a
ideas of liberal democracy in the
journalist because they have
19th century but it also gave
access to publishing platforms —
nationalists a platform which
for free. There has never been a
helped pave the way for fascism
period where there were this
in the 20th century. TV changed
many platforms to air your
political culture in the 20th
views. And that’s where the
century and digital is seeing
paradox comes in, because there
changes at a dizzying speed.
are as many people/entities
They point to how each new
trying to shut you down.
medium has been used for good
and bad means and there’s no
Page 15 of 21
There is fear to express oneself; of the damage will be

we can see self-censorship across irreversible.
newsrooms, other workplaces,
campuses. Those who go against
The results of this can be
the grain can be hauled up on
evidenced in the decline of all
social media and shamed, fired,
democracy aspects as reported
doxxed, their lives put at serious
by Varieties of Democracy, a
risk of harm and of course, they
European think tank. “Toxic
can be physically harmed. (Ask
polarisation” — signalled by
Ahsan Iqbal of PML-N or any
declining “respect for counter-
woman on Twitter.)
arguments and associated
aspects of the deliberative
How then does the press component of democracy” —
navigate this ecosystem where grew more severe in at least 32
the public doesn’t believe in the countries, it reports.
media and all they seem to be
doing is debunking XYZ’s lies?
Haidt argues the younger
It’s an enormous challenge.
generations must be better
prepared for the “next
Jonathan Haidt may have some democratic citizenship”. Media
answers. He is a social literacy with a focus on
psychologist, author and communication technologies can
professor of ethical leadership teach people how to navigate this
who described social media as wildly changing media
“the primary cause of the ecosystem, flooded with so much
epidemic of structural stupidity”. noise that it’s easy to get
He blames social media for overwhelmed and not know what
undermining democracy and to believe.
believes that by the time research
reaches a consensus on this, a lot
Page 16 of 21
I think it should start at primary are likely to become more active

school level. I think non-profits citizens when they see
should invest in campaigns to themselves and their problems
teach adults how to tell if they’re in local stories. They don’t get
being manipulated by leaders that in hyper-national focused
and their supporting media news which is entertainment
outlets — especially ahead of driven and caters to what
elections. audiences want to hear, versus
what they need to. I hope my
journalist friends reading this
The book doesn’t offer easy
will see the connect between an
solutions; after all it reminds one
engaged informed audience and
that the ancient Greeks had
a healthy vibrant democracy — a
conflicts with free speech
goal everyone should want to get
limitations so we’ve been
behind.
struggling with that tension for a
long time. I did, however, take
away a lot of insight I hope to The writer is currently
incorporate into my research and researching newsroom culture in
teaching: how can journalists Pakistan.
connect with audiences in a way
that feels like the work they’re
doing is real engagement and
2022
discussion.
The authors have shown one

National purpose
possible route which is to invest
and boost local journalism, even Aizaz Ahmad Chaudhry
encouraging the state to invest in Published October 2, 2022
it. People care about local issues
because it affects them and they
Page 17 of 21
A COUNTRY aspiring to rise phase, and post 9/11. Even a

within the comity of nations cursory look at our political
needs a clear national purpose, history indicates how our
pursued by visionary leadership, progress has been constrained by
predicated on a long-term plan, the absence of consensus on
and overseen by rigorous what constitutes our ultimate
accountability mechanisms. national purpose.
Henry Kissinger in his latest
book Leadership defines good
leaders as those acting on the Ayub Khan, Pakistan’s first
intersection of “the abiding military ruler, prioritised
values and aspirations” of those ‘development’ — his vision for
they lead. the country’s future. To this end,
he used the alliance with the US
to build Pakistan’s
While Pakistan may appear to infrastructural and industrial
fall short of many of these base. Then came Zulfikar Ali
criteria, no crisis here has been Bhutto, who defined his vision
more fundamental than the for Pakistan as ‘Islamic
failure to define a broadly agreed socialism’. He nationalised
national purpose. The Quaid Pakistan’s basic industry,
provided apt guidance in his distanced the country from
speech of Aug 11, 1947, but died America and favoured closer ties
before he could set the state’s with China. In 1973, he forged a
political direction. The leaders political consensus on the
that followed either lacked the Constitution, which stipulated
capacity to implement his that Pakistan would be “a
guidance, or wilfully ignored it democratic State based on
during three distinct eras: the Islamic principles of social
Cold War years, the globalisation justice”. Gen Ziaul Haq
Page 18 of 21
embarked on a variant of this were elected twice each (in 1988

vision, choosing to ‘Islamise’ the and the 1990s), but were obliged
country. Externally, he teamed to leave without completing their
up with the US to launch the terms. The 1990s, which for the
Afghan jihad against the Soviet rest of the world was a euphoric
Union, propping up madressahs time of globalisation and
across Pakistan. interdependence, was a
politically turbulent one for
Pakistan, with considerable
A consistent goal has eluded our disillusionment about the
leaders. country’s future direction.
Ayub, Bhutto and Zia pursued The 9/11 terrorist attacks obliged
varying versions of national Gen Pervez Musharraf to again
purpose. The next generation of ally Pakistan with the US, this
leaders was no different. Benazir time to fight transnational
Bhutto emphasised resurrecting terrorism. For the next decade,
the democratic order and worked Pakistan became embroiled in
to promote rights-based social the US-led ‘war on terror’, with
development. Nawaz Sharif far-reaching consequences for
envisioned an open economy and Pakistani society. Musharraf
a peaceful neighbourhood, the projected ‘enlightened
centrepiece of which was moderation’ as the way forward,
cooperative ties with India, and in that context, tried to carry
which he thought would out madressah reforms and
complement his vision of allowed greater media freedom.
economic growth and prosperity Asif Zardari prioritised the
for Pakistan. Benazir and Sharif continuity of the democratic
process. Nawaz Sharif, in his
Page 19 of 21
third term, made another Third, parliamentary democracy

attempt in 2015 to reach out to was repeatedly interrupted by
India in line with his vision of a military coups, giving rise to a
peaceful South Asia, but was misplaced belief that restoration
ousted from power. Imran Khan of democracy itself was a
wanted to create a ‘naya’ and national purpose, while
corruption-free Pakistan, but his electioneering masqueraded as
rule was long on rhetoric and democracy.
short on action. A coalition
government led by Shehbaz
Sharif is now ruling, with no As Pakistan marks 75 years of its
larger national purpose in sight independent life, the first ever
except to pull the country out of National Security Policy has
a deep economic morass been fielded this year. The
exacerbated by the recent document is far from perfect, but
devastating floods. it identifies a clear national
purpose for the country: “ensure
the safety, security, dignity and
This résumé of our political prosperity” of the people of
history illustrates a few notable Pakistan. With the country
trends. First, every political or facing unprecedented political
military ruler gave his or her own divisions, economic crisis and
twist to Pakistan’s national societal disorder, there is a need
purpose, mostly to stay in power. for a grand national dialogue to
Second, successive rulers forge a consensus on a citizen-
claimed their vision was in centric national purpose and
Pakistan’s ‘best national constitutionally bind all
interests’, without clearly stakeholders to pursue it. The
defining how those interests parameters set out in the NSP
served the masses they led. could be a good starting point.
Page 20 of 21
The writer, a former foreign

secretary, is director general of
the Institute of Strategic Studies
Islamabad, and author of
Diplomatic Footprints.

2022
Page 21 of 21

Dawn Editorials and Opinions 2nd Oct 2022

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Dawn Editorials and Opinions 2nd Oct 2022

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Dawn Editorials & Opinions

2nd Oct 2022

Spy games curated: they apply pressure but

should not need to be repeatedly any individual should only be

one global economic, military beneficial” for Pakistan. Mr

that Pakistani products can precisely why Mr Dar has been

the recent statements of senior the way of accepting the

richer experience of life and for Editorial: As a nation, we must

A diversity study of England and tendencies in Pakistan to the

among religious scholars that heading towards a destination

It is true to some extent that the It is understandable that the

However, what is very

subsided, other related issues

presented to her. She was sacked to evolve and advance near-

impartial observer has known personal agendas when in office,

But don’t be depressed by all Muna Khan Published October

communicative culture,” they way of knowing which way it will

Their work examines how We’re in an era where everyone

There is fear to express oneself; of the damage will be

I think it should start at primary are likely to become more active

The authors have shown one

A COUNTRY aspiring to rise phase, and post 9/11. Even a

embarked on a variant of this were elected twice each (in 1988

third term, made another Third, parliamentary democracy

The writer, a former foreign

Published in Dawn, October 2nd,

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