LCM & HCF

Q1. Find the number of factors of 360. (Easy)

Sol. Prime factorisation of 360 = 23×32×51

Hence, the number of factors = (3+1) × (2+1) × (1+1) = 4×3×2 = 24.

Q2. Find the number of even factors of 240. (Easy)

Sol. Prime factorisation of 240 = 24×31×51

To find the number of even factors, we keep the power of ‘2’ as it is and increase the power
of the remaining prime factors by 1 and then multiply.

Hence, the number of even factors = 4 × (1+1) × (1+1) = 4×2×2 = 16.

Q3. Find the number of odd factors of 4500. (Easy)

Sol. Prime factorisation of 4500 = 22×32×53

To find the number of odd factors, we consider only the powers of 3 and 5. Hence, the
number of odd factors will be equal to the number of factors of 3 2×53 = (2+1) × (3+1) = 3×4
= 12.

Q4. Find the sum of factors of 90. (Easy)

Sol. Prime factorisation of 90 = 21×33×51

Sum of factors = (22-1)/(2-1)× (33-1)/(3-1)× (52-1)/(5-1) = 3×13×6 = 234

Q5. Find the least number divisible by 16, 24, 32 and 48. (Easy)

Sol. The least number divisible by 16, 24, 32 and 48 will be LCM of these four numbers.

16 = 24

24 = 23×31

32 = 25
48 = 24×31

LCM = 25×31 = 96

Q6. Find the least number which when divided by 15, 27, 35 & 42 leaving in each case a
remainder 11. (Easy)

Sol. The least possible such number will be LCM of (15, 27, 35, 42) + 11

= (2 X 3 X 3 X 3 X 5 X 7) + 11

= 1890 + 11 = 1901.

Q7. Find the least possible number which when divided by 35, 45 and 55 leaving the
remainders 17, 27 and 37 respectively. (Easy)

Sol. The least possible such number will be LCM of (35, 45, 55) – 18
= (3 X 3 X 5 X 7 X 11) – 18

= 3465 – 18 = 3447.

Q.8 Find the greatest number that will divide 2629 and 2483 leaving the remainders 4 & 8
respectively. (Medium)

Sol. In this question, we need to find a greatest number which will divide 2629 and 2483
leaving 4 & 8 as remainders. Thus, the number is the HCF of 2629 - 4 and 2483 - 8 i.e. HCF of
(2625, 2475) = 75.

Q.9 Find the remainder when 13×14×15×16 is divided by 11. (Medium)

Sol. Remainders obtained on dividing 13, 14, 15 and 16 each by 11 are respectively 2, 3, 4
and 5. Hence, the required remainder will be 2×3×4×5 or 2×5×4×3 or 10×12 = 10×1 = 10.

Q.10 Find the remainder obtained when 450 is divided by 5. (Medium)

Sol. 4 divided by 5, remainder is -1. Hence, the required remainder is (-1) 50 = 1.

Practice Exercise-1

Q.11 Find the number of factors of 18018 excluding the number and unity. (High)

Sol. Prime factorisation of 18018 = 21×32×71×111×131

The total number of factors = (1+1) × (2+1) × (1+1) × (1+1) × (1+1) = 2×3×2×2×2 = 48. But
this includes the number itself and one. Hence, the required number of factors = 48-2 = 46.

Q.12 Find the LCM of 12/5, 4/3 and 8/7. (Easy)

Sol. LCM of fractions = LCM of numerators/HCF of denominators = LCM (12,4,8)/HCF (5,3,7)

= 24/1 = 24.

Q.13 Find the HCF of 12/5, 4/3 and 8/7. (Easy)

Sol. HCF of fractions = HCF of numerators/LCM of denominators = HCF (12,4,8)/LCM (5,3,7)

= 4/105.

Q.14 Mark had a certain number of marbles. He revealed that if he divides among 12, 16, 18
and 24 people, every time, he is left with no marbles. What can be the minimum number of
marbles with him? (Medium)

Sol. The smallest number divisible by 12, 16, 18 and 24 is LCM of these numbers which is
144.

Q.15 HCF and LCM of two numbers are respectively 8 and 48. If one number is 24, find the
other number. (Easy)

Sol. The question can be solved using the property, product of two numbers = the product
of their HCF and LCM.

The required number is 8×48/24 = 16.

Q.16 LCM of two positive integers is 36 times their GCD and the sum of GCD and LCM is 148.
If one number is 36, find the other number. (Medium)

Sol. L = 36H and H+L = 148.

On solving, we get H = 4 and L = 144

Using the property, product of two numbers = the product of their HCF and LCM, we get the
required number as 4×144/36 = 16.

Q.17 LCM of two positive integers is 211. How many such pairs are possible? (Medium)

Sol. Since, 211 is a prime number, only two pairs, (211, 1) and (211, 211) are possible whose
LCM is 211.
Q.18 LCM of two positive integers is 221. How many such pairs are possible?

Sol. 221 = 13×17 (Medium)

Hence, possible pairs are (221, 1), (221, 221) (13, 17), (13, 221) and (17, 221) i.e. five pairs are
possible.

Q.19 LCM of two positive integers is 221. If the HCF of these two numbers is H, how many
values can H take? (Medium)

Sol. 221 = 13×17

Hence, possible pairs are (221, 1), (221, 221) (13, 17), (13, 221) and (17, 221). HCF of these
pairs is respectively 1, 221, 1, 13 and 17.

Hence, four distinct values of H are possible i.e. 1, 13, 17 and 221.

Q.20 A number when divided by 3, 4, 5 or 6 leaves remainder 2 in each case but the number
is exactly divisible by 11. What is the smallest possible such number? (Medium)

Sol. The numbers divided by 3, 4, 5 or 6 leaves remainder 2 will be LCM (3, 4, 5 ,6)K + 2
(where K is a whole number) = 60K+2.

On substituting the values of K as 1,2,3,4.... we get the numbers are 62, 122,
182,242,302.........of which 242 is divisible by 11. Hence, the smallest possible such number will
be 242.

Q.21 There are two numbers A and B whose HCF is say h. A is k times h and B is p times h.
Which of the following is true? (Medium)

(a) k and p are either both even or both odd

(b) k and p are both prime

(c) k and p are relatively prime

(d) HCF of k and p is greater than 1

Sol. Correct answer is (c ).

If A = kh and B = ph then p and k are co prime as there can be no common factor between
them.

Q.22 Sum of two positive integers is 147 and their HCF is 21. Find the number of possible
pairs. (Hard)

Sol. Let the numbers be X and Y.

X = kH and Y = pH where H is the HCF and k and p are co prime.

So, 21k + 21p = 147 or k+p = 7.

Now, possible values of k and p are (1,6), (2,5) and (3,4). Hence, number of possible pairs = 3.

Q.23 Sum of two positive integers is 136 and their HCF is 17. Find the number of possible
pairs. (Medium)

Sol. Let the numbers be X and Y.

X = kH and Y = pH where H is the HCF and k and p are co prime.

So, 17k + 17p = 136 or k+p = 8.

Now, possible values of k and p satisfying above are (1,7), (2,6), (3,5) and (4,4). But, k and p
have to be co prime, so (2,6) and (4,4)are not acceptable pairs. Hence, number of possible
pairs = 2.

Q24. The remainder when 2256 is divided by 17is (Medium)

(a) 1 (b) 3 (c) 0 (d) 12

(16)64
Rem = (−1)64 = 1
Sol (a); (24)64 = 17
Hence, remainder is 1.

Q25. The remainder when 1343 is divided by 2196 is (Hard)

(a) 1 (b) 13 (c) 3 (d) None of these

Sol. (b); 133 = 2197

1343 = 13(1342) = 13[(133)14]

13⋅(2197 )14
Re m = 13
2196

So the remainder is 13.

Q26. The numbers 1 to 29 are written side by side as follows 1234567891011......2829. If the
number is divided by 9, then what is the remainder? (Hard)
(a) 0 (b) 1 (c) 2 (d) 3
Sol. (d); Sum of digits from 1 to 10 = 46
sum of digits from 11 to 20 =56

sum of digits from 21 to 29 =63

sum of the digits from numbers =46+56+63=165

Sum of digits in the number 165 =12 which gives a remainder of 3 when divided by 9

27. A number when divided by 117 leaves 17 as remainder. If the same number is divided by
13, the remainder is ...... (Easy)

Sol. Using the formula, dividend = divisor × quotient + remainder

N = 117Q+17 which gives a remainder of 4 when divided by 13.

28. By the smallest number, 32500 must be multiplied or divide in order to make it a perfect
square? (Medium)

Sol. Prime factorisation of 32500 is 22×54×131.

A perfect square contains even powers of its prime factors. Here, the powers of 2 and 5 are
even while that of 13 is odd. So, we can multiply or divide by 13 to make this number a
perfect square.

29. If two numbers are in the ratio 3:5 and their LCM is 165 then find the sum of the two
numbers. (Medium)

Sol. Let the numbers by 3x and 5x where x is the HCF of the two numbers. Then, LCM will be
15x = 165 or x =11.

Hence, numbers will be 33 and 55.

30. A, B and C are running around a circular field. If A completes one round in 36 sec while
the time taken for B and C is respectively 54 sec and 72 sec. They start running from the
starting point at 7.30 am. At what time will they meet again at the starting point? (Medium)

Sol. All the three will meet again at the starting point after a time interval which is LCM of the
time taken by each one of them to complete one round i.e. LCM of 36, 54 and 72 = 216 sec.
= 3 min 36 sec

31. The product of two non-zero expressions is (X+Y+Z)P3, if their HCF is P2 , what will be
their LCM? (Medium)
Sol. Using the property, product of two numbers = the product of their HCF and LCM, we
get the LCM as (X+Y+Z)P3/ P2 = (X+Y+Z)P.

32. Three friends start together to walk along a road at the same rate. The lengths of their
strides are 68 cm, 51 cm and 85 cm. How far will they go before they will be “in step” again?
(Medium)

Sol. They will be together at the starting point after the LCM of the three lengths which is
1020 cm.

33. On Chintu’s birthday, his father, mother and sister brought three pieces of cakes of
1 3 1
7 6 7
weights 2 lbs, 4 lbs and 5 lbs respectively. These cakes are to be divided into parts
of equal weights. Further, each part must be as heavy as possible. If one such part is
served to each guest, then the maximum number of guests that could be entertained is
(Hard)
(a) 54 (b) 72 (c) 120 (d) None of these

(
15 27 36
, ,
Sol (d); HCF 2 4 5
= )HCF(15 , 27 , 36 )
LCM (2, 4, 5)
3
= 20 lbs = weight of each piece.

Total weight = 21.45 lbs

Maximum number of guests = 21.45/(3/20) = 143

34. A number when successively divided by 4, 5 and 6 leaves respective remainders of 3, 2

and 1. The order of remainders if the number is divided successively by 6, 5 and 4, is
(Hard)
(a) 1, 2 & 3 (b) 3, 2 & 1 (c) 1, 0 & 1 (d) cannot be
determined

Sol (c); Let the quotient of 6 be x.

Then, quotient of 5 = 6x + 1

and quotient of 4 = 5(6x + 1) + 2 = 30x + 7

Hence, the number = 4(30x + 7) + 3 = 120x + 31

When 120 x + 31 is divided by 6, then quotient = 20x + 5 & Remainder = 1

When 20x + 5 is divided by 5, then quotient = 4x + 1 & Remainder = 0

When 4x + 1 is divided by 4, then quotient = x & Remainder = 1

So, order of remainders = 1, 0, 1.

35. For two positive integers a and b, define the function h (a, b) as the greatest common
factor (G.C.F.) of a, b. Let A be a set of n positive integers. G (A), the G.C.F. of the
elements of set A is computed by repeatedly using the function h. The minimum number
of times h is required to compute G is (Medium)
1
n (b) (n – 1) (c) n 36. None of these
(a) 2

Sol. (b); If there are n numbers, the function h has to be performed one time less.

Practice Exercise-2

36. Three identical circular wheels revolve round a common horizontal axis with different
1 6
velocities. The first makes a revolution in 5 3 min, the second in 2 7 min and the third
3
in 3 7 min. Three markings, one on each wheel, are in a horizontal line at a certain
moment. The shortest interval after which they will be in the same horizontal line
again is (Hard)
(a) 8 hrs (b) 4 hrs (c) 2 hrs (d) None of these

1 6 3 16 20 24
, ,
Sol. (b); LCM of 5 3 , 2 7 and 3 7 = LCM of 3 7 7
L.C .M . of numerator 240
=
LCM of fraction = H .C .F . of denomin ator 1 = 240 min

= 4 hours.

The marking will be in the same line again after 4 hours.

37. A number when divided by 221 gives a remainder 43. What remainder will be
obtained by dividing the same number by 17? (Easy)
(a) 11 (b) 8 (c) 9 (d) 13

Sol. (c); Dividing 43 by 17, the remainder is 9.

38. A heap of pebbles is made into groups of 32, 40, and 72 then the remainders are
respectively 10, 18 and 50. The least number of pebbles in the heap can be (Easy)
(a) 1390 (b) 1418 (c) 1450 (d) 1438
Sol. (b); LCM of 32, 40 and 72 = 1440.
Now, the remainders are respectively = 10, 18, 50
 Each has a difference of 32 – 10 = 22, 40 – 18 = 22

and 72 – 50 = 22

 The least number of pebbles in the heap

= 1440 – 22 = 1418.

39. A room is 4 metres 37 cm long and 3 metres 23 cm broad. It is required to pave the
floor with minimum square slabs. Find the number of slabs required for this purpose?
(Medium)
(a) 485 (b) 431 (c) 391 (d) 381

Sol. (c); Length = 437 cm. And Breadth = 323 cm.

The side of the square slab is the HCF of 437 and 323 i.e. 19 cm

Area of square slab = 19 cm x 19 cm = 361 cm2

Area of the room

The number of slabs = Area of the slab

437 x 323
= =391
361

40. A student was asked to divide a number by 6 and add 12 to the quotient. He
however, first added 12 to the number and then divided it by 6, getting 112 as the
answer. The correct answer should have been (Medium)
(a) 122 (b) 118 (c) 114 (d) 124

Sol. a); Let X be the required number

 (X + 12)/6 = 112

 X = 112 x 6 – 12

 X = 672 – 12 = 660

 Correct answer = X/6 + 12 = 660/6 + 12 = 110 + 12 = 122.

41. A number when divided by either 4 or 5 or 6, leaves the same remainder 3. How
many such numbers exist between
1 and 500? (Hard)

(a) 4 (b) 2 (c) 6 (d) 8

Sol. (d); Let the number be ‘n + 3’. This number leaves a remainder of 3 when divided by 4, 5
or 6. So, if we subtract 3 from the number (to make it n + 3 – 3 = n), it becomes perfectly
divisible by 4, 5 and 6. The smallest such number is the L.C.M of 4, 5 and 6, which is 60. So,
smallest ‘n + 3’ = 60 + 3 = 63. Other possibilities are 123 (= 60 X 2 + 3), 183 (= 60 X 3 + 3),
243 (= 60 X 4 + 3), 303 (= 60 X 5 + 3), 363 (= 60 X 6 + 3), 423 (= 60 X 7 + 3), 483 (= 60 X 8 +
3). So, 8 such numbers are possible.
Alternative Method:

Take LCM (4,5,6) = 60. The required numbers are of the form 60k + 3. To calculate k divide
500
⇒8
500 by 60. ie k = 60 (integer value). So 8, such no. are possible

Q42. Find the number of factors of 2700 which are multiples of 15.

Sol. Prime factorisation of 2700 = 22×33×52 (Hard)

To find the number of factors which are multiples of 15, we can write the above number in
the form 31×51×[22×32×51]. Now, the number of factors of 22×32×51 will be equal to the
number of factors of 2700 which are multiples of 15 which is equal to (2+1) × (2+1) × (1+1)
= 3×3×2 = 18.

Q43. Four numbers 12, 18, 30 and 60 when divided by X, the remainder is zero. Find the
greatest possible value of X. (Hard)

Sol. The greatest possible value of X will be HCF of 12, 18, 30 and 60.

12 = 22×31

18 = 21×32

30 = 21×31×51

60 = 22×31×51

HCF = 21×31 = 6

Q44. The remainder when 357 + 27 is divided by 28 will be (Hard)

(a) 0 (b) 27 (c) 1 (d) 26

Sol. (d); 357 = (33)19

 357 + 27 = (27)19 + 27

2719 + 27
⇒ 27 − 1 = 26
28
Q45. The remainder when 6100 is divided by 7 is : (Easy)

(a) 3 (b) 0 (c) 1 (d) 2

Sol. 6 divided by 7, remainder is -1. Hence, the required remainder is (-1) 100 = 1

46. Find the greatest number which can divide 4345, 5570 and 5920 leaves the same
remainder 5 in each case.

Sol. The required number is HCF of (4345-5), (5570-5) and (5920-5) = 35.

47.The number of different divisors of 37800 excluding unity are (Hard)

(a) 97 (b) 95 (c) 47 (d) 48

Sol. (b); 37800 = 2 X 2 X 2 X 3 X 3 X 3 5 X 5 X 7

= 23 X 33 X 52 X 71

Total no. of dividers = (3 + 1) (3 + 1) (2 + 1) (1 + 1)

= 96 (adding one to each index & then multiplying all)

The number of divisors excluding unity

= 96 – 1 = 95.

48. The number of prime factors of 610 X 717 X 5527 is (Hard)

(a) 6 (b) 4 (c) 3 (d) 5

Sol. (d); 610 X 717 X 5527 = (2 X 3)10 X (7)17 X (5 X 11)27

= 210 X 310 X 527 X 717 X 1127

Hence, there are 5 prime factors.

49. How many odd divisors does the number 1000000 have? (Easy)
(a) 49 (b) 8 (c) 6 (d) 7

Sol. (d); 1000000 = 106 = 26 X 56

This number will have seven odd divisors.

i.e. 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55 and 56

50. What is the remainder left after dividing 1!+2!+3!.....+100! by 7? (Hard)
(a) 8 (b) 5 (c) 14 (d) 21

Sol. (b); 7!+8!+9!.......+100! is completely divisible by 7.

Now, 1!+2!+3!....+6!=873

When 873 is divided by 7 it leaves a remainder = 5

51. Which of the following has most number of divisors? (Easy)

(a) 99 (b) 101 (c) 176 (d) 182

Sol. (c); Divisors of 99=1,3,9,11,33,99

Divisors of 101=1,101

Divisors of 176=1,2,4,8,11,22,44,88,176

Divisors of 182=1,2,7,13,14,26,91,182

Therefore 176 has most number of divisors.

52. Find the remainder when (103 + 93)752 is divided by 123. (Hard)
(a) 11 (b) 1 (c) 3 (d) None of these
3 3 752
(10 +9 ) (1729)
752

3
Sol. (b); Rem 12 = Rem 1728
= (1)752 = 1

53. How many composite numbers are factors of 12000 or 25200 or both? (Hard)
(a) 134 (b) 27 (c) 104 (d) None of these

Sol. (c); 12000 = 25 x 3 x 53

25200 = 24 x 32 x 52 x 7

In any factor of 12000, 2 can appear 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5 times; 3 can appear 0 or 1 times, 5

can appear 0, 1, 2 or 3 times.

So, number of factors of 12000 is 6 x 2 x 4 = 48

Similarly, 25200 has 5 x 3 x 3 x 2 = 90 factors.

Now, a number will be a common factor of both if and only if it is a factor of their HCF.

i.e., 24 x 3 x 52 = 1200
 1200 has 5 x 2 x 3 = 30 factors.

So, number of factors of 12000 or 25200 or both is 48 + 90 – 30 = 108.

Out of these 2, 3, 5 and 7 are prime.

So, there are 104 composite factors.

54. Number of factors of 21168 are (Easy)

(a) 55 (b) 60 (c) 70 (d) 72

Sol. (b); 21168 = 24 x 33 x 72

e

55. Number of odd factors of 59400 are (Easy)

(a) 20 (b) 12 (c) 24 (d) 36

Sol. (c); 59400 = 23 x 33 x 52 x 11 odd factors will not include 2  (3 + 1) (2 + 1) (1 + 1) = 24

56. If N=23×34, M= 22×3×5, then find the number of factors of N that are common with
the factors of M. (Easy)
(a) 8 (b) 6 (c) 18 (d) 20

Sol. (b); The factors that are common must also be the factors of HCF(N,M)
HCF(N,M) =22×3

Number of factors of 22×3=(2+1)(1+1)=6

So there are 6 factors that are common to both

57. All the sides of a rectangle are integral multiples of a metre. The perimeter of the
rectangle is 24 m. How many different rectangles like this are possible? (hard)

a. 25
b. 13
c. 5
d. 6
Sol. (d); Here we have 2 ( I + b) = 24 or I + b = 12
Where I is length and b is width.

We can have just 6 pairs of I and b that can add up to 12, viz.

(1,11), (2,10), (3,9), (4,8), (5,7) and (6,6).

58. Find the greatest number that will divide 964, 1238 and 1400 leaving remainders 41,
31 and 51, respectively. (Easy)
(a) 71 (b) 81 (c) 61 (d) 73

Sol. (a); 964 – 41 = 923

1238 – 31 = 1207

1400 – 51 = 1349

HCF of 923 and 1207 is 71

HCF of 71 and 1349 is 71.

59. The remainder obtained when a prime number greater than 8 is divided by 8 is r.
What can be said about r? (Hard)
I. r is always odd. II. r is always prime. III. r is either 1 or prime.
(a) I only (b) II only (c) I and II only (d) I and III only

Sol. (d); Since the prime numbers greater than 8 are all odd numbers, the remainder on
dividing an odd number (i.e., prime greater than 8) by an even number (i.e., 8) is always
odd. Thus, (I) is true. Now odd numbers less than 8 are 1, 3, 5 and 7. Thus, (III) is also
true.

60. The product of two numbers is 9680 and their H.C.F is 22. How many such pair of
numbers can be formed? (Hard)
(a) 3 (b) 4 (c) 5 (d) 2

Sol. (d); Let the two numbers be m and n.

Hence, m X n = HCF X LCM

9680 = 22 X LCM  LCM = 440

Numbers can be 22 X 440 or 88 X 110

Hence 2 such pair of numbers is possible whose HCF is 22 & product is 9680.