1.

Introduction to Storage and Related Basic

Knowledge

1-1 Introduction to Huawei and Data Centers

1. Which of the following are challenges faced by DCs?

A. Multiple services
B. Numerous devices
C. Sharp traffic increase
D. Poor scalability

Answer：ABCD

2. Which of the following are categories of DCs?

A. Enterprise DCs
B. Carrier DCs
C. Internet DCs
D. Cloud DCs

Answer：A

3. Which of the following are advantages of a cloud DC?

A. Convergence improves IT device utilization.
B. Simplified management
C. Services can be quickly deployed to support enterprise service development.
D. Green and energy conservation

Answer：ABCD

4. What is a DC?

Answer ： A DC centralizes data processing, storage, transmission, switching, and

management in a physical space. Computers, servers, network devices, and storage devices
are considered as critical devices in a DC. The power supply system, cooling system, cabinets,
fire-fighting system, and monitoring system are generally considered as the key physical
infrastructures.
5. What are the features of a cloud DC?

Answer：Cloud DCs have the following advantages:

Improved IT device utilization

Simplified management
Fast service deployment to quickly support enterprise service development
Green, energy conserving

1-2 Storage Technology Trends

1. Which of the following are data types?

A. Structured data
B. Semi-structured data
C. Unstructured data
D. Massive amounts of data

Answer：ABC

2. Which of the following statements about storage are correct?

A. Storage refers to disks.
B. A storage system consists of storage hardware, software, and solutions.
C. Storage types include block storage, file storage, and object storage.
D. File storage is used to store data of applications.

Answer：BC

3. Which are characteristics of cloud storage?

A. Convergence
B. Open
C. Elasticity
D. Scale-up

Answer：ABC

4. Which of the following are the objectives of integrating AI into storage?

A. Simple
B. Efficient
C. High power consumption
D. Easy to use

Answer：ABD

5. Data is the presentation of everything in digits.

Answer：T

1-3 Storage Technologies (Server)

1. 1. What are the Huawei storage products?

Answer：OceanStor all-flash storage, OceanStor hybrid flash storage, OceanStor distributed

storage, FusionCube edge data storage, etc.

2. What are the different types of servers?

Answer：Rack servers, blade servers, and tower servers

3. What are the resources of an IT system?

Answer：Software resources, computing resources, network resources, and storage resources

4. What are the common storage media?

Answer：Disks, CDs, disk arrays, tape libraries, etc.

5. What are the functions of storage resources?

Answer：Storage resources: An IT system requires a storage system that is highly scalable

and reliable, making external storage the typical storage resource. Generally, a dedicated
external storage system is used to provide secure and reliable storage space with a large
capacity.
1-4 Storage Technologies (Linux)

1. There are various commands in Linux OSs. If an engineer wants to run the mkdir command to
create a directory that does not have a parent directory, which of the following command options
is used to create a parent directory first?
A. -m
B. -d
C. -f
D. -p

Answer：D

2. A large number of files are stored in a Linux OS and some files are similar to a Windows registry.
Which of the following directories stores the user passwords?
A. /usr/sbin
B. /etc
C. /dev
D. /boot

Answer：B

3. Which of the following commands is used to view the last restart time of a Linux OS?
A. reboot
B. restart
C. Last reboot
D. Last restart

Answer：C

4. Which of the following file systems are supported by Windows?

A. FAT16
B. FAT32
C. NPS
D. NTFS

Answer：ABD
5. Which of the following OSs are Linux OSs?
A. RedHat
B. CentOS
C. Solaris
D. SUSE

Answer：ABD

1-5 Storage Technologies (Network)

1. Which of the following is the third layer of the TCP/IP protocol stack?
A. Application layer
B. Transmission layer
C. Data link layer
D. Network layer

Answer：D

2. Which of the following is the final form of data transmission on the network?
A. Packet
B. Bitstream
C. Data frame
D. Data segment

Answer：B

3. The wire sequence of a T568B twisted pair is ( ).

A. Orange and white > orange > green and white > blue > blue and white > green > brown and
white > brown
B. Green and white > orange > blue and white > blue > orange and white > green > brown and
white > brown
C. Brown and white > blue > blue and white > orange > green and white > green > orange and
white > brown
D. Orange and white > blue > green and white > orange > blue and white > green > brown and
white > brown

Answer：A
4. Which of the following is a public IP address?
A. 192.168.1.2
B. 192.168.2.3
C. 172.16.3.111
D. 36.0.0.1

Answer：D

5. When will twisted pairs be used?

A. Interconnection between office computers and switches on the campus network
B. Service network interconnection between servers and switches
C. Management network interconnection between servers and switches
D. Interconnection between surveillance cameras and switches on the campus network

Answer：ACD

2. Basic Storage Technologies

2-1 Intelligent Storage Components

1. Which of the following are SSD types?

A. SLC
B. MLC
C. TLC
D. QLC

Answer：ABCD

2. Which of the following affect HDD performance?

A. Disk capacity
B. Rotation speed
C. Data transfer rate
D. Average access time

Answer：BCD
3. SSDs of different types have different anti-wear capabilities that deliver different levels of
reliability. Therefore, the anti-wear capability is an important evaluation item in selecting SSDs.

Answer：T

4. In OceanStor V3 storage systems, controller enclosure indicators and disk enclosure indicators
show the running status of controller enclosures and disk enclosures. Checking these indicators
allows you to promptly know the status of each component.

Answer：T

5. Before replacing an interface module of an OceanStor V3 storage system, you must power off
the module.

Answer：T

2-2 RAID Technologies

1. What is the difference between a strip and stripe?

Answer：. Strip: A strip consists of one or more consecutive sectors in a disk and it is the

minimum unit for data reads and writes in a disk. Strips form a stripe. Stripe: A stripe consists
of strips of the same location or ID on multiple disks in the same array.

2. Which RAID level would you recommend if a user focuses on reliability and random write
performance?

Answer：RAID 10

3. Data access will remain unaffected if any disk in a RAID 10 array fails.

Answer：T

4. What are the advantages of RAID 2.0+?

A. Automatic load balancing to reduce fault rate
B. Fast thin reconstruction to reduce dual-disk failure rate
C. Intelligent fault troubleshooting to maintain system reliability
D. Virtual storage pools to simplify storage planning and management

Answer：ABCD

5. Which of the following storage pool technologies use extents of RAID 2.0+ as basic units?
A. Applying for space
B. Space release
C. Statistics collection
D. Data migration

Answer：ABCD

2-3 Storage System Architecture

1. Scale-up is a method in which disk enclosures are continuously added to existing storage
systems to handle increasing data volumes.

Answer：T

2. What are the differences between scale-up and scale-out?

Answer：

Scale-up is the traditional vertical expansion architecture. In other words, disks and disk
enclosures are continuously added to existing storage systems to meet user requirements on
increasing capacity. The advantage of this is that operation is simple at the initial stage.
However, as the storage system scale increases, resource increase reaches a bottleneck,
leading to high investment and maintenance cost.
Scale-out is a horizontal expansion architecture. It adds more controllers to handle ever-
increasing data volumes in the unit of nodes. Advantage: As the scale increases, the unit price
decreases and efficiency is improved. Disadvantage: The complexity of software and
management increases.
3. If any controller of an OceanStor V3 storage system is faulty, the other controller can
seamlessly take over services using the host multipathing software to ensure service continuity.

Answer：T

4. Which of the following specifications can be selected when RH2288 V3 is fully configured with
disks?
A. 8 disks
B. 12 disks
C. 16 disks
D. 25 disks

Answer：ACD

5. Which operating systems are supported by Huawei OceanStor 5300 V3 block storage?
A. Windows
B. Linux
C. FusionSphere
D. VMware

Answer：ABCD

2-4 Storage Network Architecture

1. Which of the following networks are included in a distributed storage network topology?
A. Management network
B. Front-end service network
C. Front-end storage network
D. Back-end storage network

Answer：ABD

2. Which of the following protocols are commonly used for SAN?

A. FC
B. iSCSI
C. CIFS
D. NFS

Answer：AB

3. Which of the following statements are true about SAN and NAS?
A. SAN is mostly used in databases to store structured data.
B. NAS is used to store unstructured data. For example, it is used in shared file servers for
sharing key office documents and centralized storage among departments.
C. DAS, NAS, and SAN are all external storage that can easily implement storage resource
sharing.
D. NAS places a server's file system in the memory so that the server can share data over a
network.

Answer：ABD

4. SCSI only transfers data between a server and a storage device.

Answer：F

5. iSCSI results in a higher data transmission latency than Fibre Channel.

Answer：T

2-5 Common Storage Protocols

1. Which of the following are Fibre Channel network topologies?

A. Fibre Channel arbitrated loop (FC-AL)
B. Fibre Channel point-to-point (FC-P2P)
C. Fibre Channel switch (FC-SW)
D. Fibre Channel dual-switch

Answer：ABC

2. Which PCIe versions are available?

A. PCIe 1.0
B. PCIe 2.0
C. PCIe 3.0
D. PCIe 4.0

Answer：ABCD

3. Which of the following are file sharing protocols?

A. HTTP
B. iSCSI
C. NFS
D. CIFS
Answer：ACD

4. Which of the following operations are involved in the CIFS protocol?

A. Protocol handshake
B. Security authentication
C. Shared connection
D. File operation
E. Disconnection

Answer：ABCDE

5. Which NFS versions are available?

A. NFSv1
B. NFSv2
C. NFSv3
D. NFSv4

Answer：ABCD

3. Advanced Storage Technologies

3-1 Storage Resource Tuning Technologies and Applications

1. SmartTier can’t be enabled for a storage pool whose member disks are of the same type.

Answer：T

2. Which of the following migration policies can be set for LUNs?

A. Automatic migration
B. Migration to the higher-performance tier
C. Migration to the lower-performance tier
D. No migration

Answer：ABCD
3. Which status must a pair be before consistency splitting during LUN migration?
A. Migrating
B. Stop
C. Normal
D. Migrated

Answer：D

4. Which of the following statements is incorrect about the SmartCache feature of OceanStor V3?
A. Services must be stopped before you expand or reduce the capacity of a SmartCache pool.
B. Resources in different SmartCache partitions are independent from each other.
C. LUNs and file systems can share resources in the same SmartCache partition.
D. SmartCache improves the read and write performance of a storage system.

Answer：A

5. SmartTier requires that a storage pool contain three types of disks.

Answer：F

3-2 Storage Data Protection Technologies and Applications

1. A source LUN can form multiple HyperClone pairs with different target LUNs. A target LUN
can be added to only one HyperClone pair.

Answer：T

2. Which of the following statements are correct?

A. Synchronous replication synchronizes data in real time to maximize data consistency and
minimize data loss in the event of a disaster.
B. Asynchronous replication performs periodic data synchronization, minimizing service
performance deterioration caused by data transmission latency.
C. HyperReplication does not require a license.
D. Synchronous replication uses snapshots for replication.

Answer：AB
3. Which of the following statements about consistency groups are correct?
A. If multiple LUNs at the primary end have write dependency relationships, replication
consistency groups must be configured to ensure that the secondary LUNs also have write
dependency relationships.
B. A consistency group is only used to manage the replication relationship between multiple
LUNs.
C. If one member in a consistency group is faulty, all members in the consistency group are
unavailable.

Answer：AC

4. Using ( ) as the granularity, HyperMetro implements distributed range locks on LBA segments
accessed by host I/Os, thereby achieving mutual exclusion on access.
A. Host I/Os
B. Storage I/Os
C. Extends
D. CKs

Answer：A

5. During DR application, HyperMirror (remote data replication) can be implemented only

between two OceanStor 5300 V3 storage systems, but not between one OceanStor 5500 V3
storage system and one OceanStor 5300 V3 storage system.

Answer：F

3-3 File System Tuning and Protection Technologies

1. What are the modes of a WORM file system?

Answer： WORM file systems are classified into regulatory compliance WORM (WORM-C)

and enterprise WORM (WORM-E) based on administrator permissions.

2. Currently, OceanStor V3 storage systems support only WORM file systems in regulatory
compliance mode.
A. True
B. False

Answer：A
3. Which of the following states are defined for files in a WORM file system?
A. Initial state
B. Locked state
C. Expired state
D. Appending state

Answer：ABCD

4. Which of the following operations is not subject to quota check?

A. Creating a file
B. Deleting a file
C. Writing new data to a file
D. Reading a file

Answer：B

5. File quota is a directory-based resource management and control technology.

Answer：T

3-4 Introduction to Huawei Intelligent Storage Products

1. Which of the following statements about Huawei OceanStor all-flash storage is false?
A. Supports SSDs and NVMe SSDs.
B. Supports SAS SSDs.
C. Supports HDDs.
D. Supports palm-sized SSDs.

Answer： C

2. Which of the following storage services are supported by Huawei distributed storage (such as
Huawei OceanStor 100D)?
A. Block storage
B. File storage
C. Object storage
D. HDFS storage
E. Linked storage

Answer：ABCD

3. OceanStor 5300 V3 is a dual-controller converged storage product. The working controller and
owning controller of a LUN must be the same.

Answer：F

4. The S2200 V3 is an entry-level storage product designed for small- and medium-sized
enterprises. It can be used in various scenarios, such as centralized storage, backup, video
surveillance, and databases.

Answer：T

5. An RH2288H V3 server supports a maximum of 1 TB memory.

Answer：F

4. Storage Business Continuity Solutions

4-1 Backup Solution Introduction

1. Which of the following are not common backup types?

A. Full backup
B. Incremental backup
C. Extended backup
D. Elastic backup

Answer： CD

2. Common backup topologies include Lan-Base, Lan-Free, and Server-Base.

Answer：F

3. Which of the following are common backup media?

A. Disk array
B. Tape library
C. Virtual tape library (VTL)
D. CD-ROM tower

Answer：ABCD

4. Which of the following conditions must be considered when setting the backup bandwidth?
A. Initial data amount
B. Daily incremental data amount
C. Backup period
D. Backup personnel

Answer：ABC

5. Main concerns for backup, disaster recovery, and archiving are data recoverability, service
continuity, and regulatory compliance, respectively.

Answer：T

4-2 DR Solution Introduction

1. Data replication is the core of DR technology. On which three layers are replication devices
distributed?
A. Application layer
B. Host layer
C. Network layer
D. Storage layer

Answer： BCD

2. When designing a DR solution, you should set RTO to 0 to ensure that services are not
interrupted.

Answer：F

3. Which of the following disaster recovery types has the highest security level?
A. Service-level disaster recovery
B. Application-level disaster recovery
C. Data-level disaster recovery
D. Natural disaster recovery

Answer：A

4. RPO and RTO are key indicators for evaluating a DR system.

Answer：T

5. Which of the following DR solutions can ensure service continuity when a regional disaster
occurs?
A. Local high-reliability solution
B. Same-city active-active data center solution
C. Same-city active-passive DR solution
D. 3DC solution (geo-redundant mode)

Answer：D

5. Storage System O&M Management

5-1 Storage System Operation Management

1. The management IP address of a storage device is 192.168.5.12. Engineer A needs to enter

( ) in the address box of the browser to log in to the storage device.
A. 192.168.5.12
B. http://192.168.5.12
C. https://192.168.5.12
D. https://192.168.5.12:8088

Answer： D

2. DeviceManager can monitor the performance of controllers, front-end ports, and back-end ports.

Answer：T
3. Which is the default administrator name of OceanStor 5300 V3?
A. Admin
B. Administrator
C. Gandalf
D. root

Answer：A

4. Which is the default administrator password of OceanStor 5300 V3?

A. Huawei@123
B. Huawei@storage
C. Admin@123
D. Admin@storage

Answer：D

5. What is the default password for the iBMC administrator of RH2288H V3?
A. Huawei12#$
B. Huawei@123
C. Admin@123
D. Admin@12#$

Answer：A

5-2 Storage System OM Management

1. Which of the following are common management software?

A. DeviceManager
B. eSight
C. SmartKit
D. eService

Answer： ABCD

2. SmartKit integrates various tools required for deploying, maintaining, and upgrading IT devices,
helping service and maintenance engineers perform precise operations on these devices to
improve operating efficiency.
Answer：T

3. What is the correct sequence for configuring the RH series server? 1. Power on; 2. Configure
RAID; 3. Install the OS and drivers; 4. Set the BIOS password.
A. 1->3->4->2
B. 1->4->3->2
C. 1->3->2->4
D. 1->4->2->3

Answer：D

4. What is the type of the RH2288 management network port?

A. DB-15
B. DB-9
C. RJ-45
D. USB 2.0

Answer：C

5. Which of the following faults has the most serious adverse impact?
A. Logical error
B. Device fault
C. DC failure
D. Regional disaster

Answer：D