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Idle Mode Management

• In idle mode, a UE can perform:

▫ PLMN selection: A UE selects a public land mobile network (PLMN) and registers
on the PLMN.
▫ Cell selection and reselection: A UE selects a cell in the PLMN to camp on. After
camping on the cell, the UE monitors system information (SI) and paging
messages and receives services. Then, the UE selects a cell with better signal
quality to camp on based on cell reselection criteria. This ensures correct
reception of SI and successful service initiation.
▫ TA registration: A UE registers its location with the EPC through a tracking area
(TA) registration procedure so that the EPC can page the UE within the TA and
instruct the UE to initiate services.
▫ Cell reservation and access control: Cell reservation and access control are two
mechanisms operators use to control their networks. Cell reservation allows
specific cells to be reserved for only UEs of certain access classes (such as PLMN
staff). Access control determines whether UEs can initiate calls in a cell based on
UE classes.
▫ System information broadcast: During SI broadcast, information such as
parameters related to cell selection and reselection, is broadcast to UEs over the
broadcast control channel (BCCH).
▫ Periodic paging In paging, paging messages are used to inform all the UEs in a
given cell of any SI changes, and to carry information of UEs being paged.
• In idle mode, a UE can perform PLMN selection, cell selection, cell reselection, and TA
registration as above.
• Run the MOD RRCCONNSTATETIMER command to set this parameter.

• UeInactiveTimer
▫ Parameter Name: Ue inactive timer
▫ Meaning: Indicates the length of the UE Inactivity Timer for UEs that do not have
QCI-1 services. If the eNodeB detects that such a UE has neither received nor sent
data for a period exceeding the value of this parameter, the eNodeB releases the
RRC connection for the UE. If this parameter is set to 0, the UE Inactivity Timer is
not used. This parameter takes effect only for such UEs that will access the
network after the parameter is set. If the QciParaEffectFlag parameter in the
GlobalProcSwitch MO is set to ON(On), the UeInactiveTimerForQci parameter in
the QciPara MO, rather than this parameter takes effect.
▫ GUI Value Range: 0~3600
▫ Actual Value Range: 0~3600
▫ Unit: s
▫ Default Value: 20
• PLMN: Public Land Mobile Network. A PLMN identity consists of a mobile country code
(MCC) and a mobile network code (MNC).
• EPLMN: Equivalent PLMN. An EPLMN is an equivalent to a registered PLMN (RPLMN)
in service provisioning. The evolved packet core (EPC) sends one or more EPLMNs to a
UE during an attach or tracking area registration procedure. A list of EPLMNs and
RPLMNs is stored on a UE, from which a PLMN is preferentially selected during PLMN
selection for the UE.
• An EHPLMN is included into the EHPLMN list stored in a universal subscriber identity
module (USIM) card.
• IMSI: International Mobile Subscriber Identity
• When a UE is powered on or recovers from lack of coverage, the UE first selects the
most recent RPLMN or a PLMN in the EPLMN list and attempts to register on the
selected PLMN. If the PLMN registration is successful, the UE displays the selected
PLMN on the screen and then obtains services from the corresponding operator. If the
most recent RPLMN is unavailable or if the registration on the selected PLMN fails,
another PLMN can be automatically or manually selected according to the PLMN
priorities stored in the USIM card.
• When a UE is powered on or recovers from lack of coverage:
▫ The UE selects the most recent RPLMN and then attempts to register on it.
▫ If the PLMN registration succeeds, the selected PLMN is displayed on the UE, and
the UE can obtain services from the operator. If the most recent RPLMN is
unavailable or the PLMN registration fails, another PLMN can be automatically
or manually selected based on the PLMN priority information stored in the USIM.
• The initial PLMN selection priority is as follows:
▫ Either the EHPLMN with the highest priority if the EHPLMN list is present and is
not empty, or the HPLMN if the EHPLMN list is absent or empty.
▫ Each PLMN/radio technology combination in the User Controlled PLMN Selector

with Access Technology data file in the USIM, in priority order.
▫ Each PLMN/radio technology combination in the Operator Controlled PLMN

Selector with Access Technology data file in the USIM, in priority order.
▫ Other high-quality PLMN/radio technology combinations, in a random order. If

the reference signal received power (RSRP) value of a cell in the PLMN/radio
technology combination is greater than or equal to –110 dBm, the combination is
considered a high-quality PLMN/radio technology combination.
▫ Other PLMN/radio technology combinations in order of decreasing signal quality.

• When a UE transits from the connected mode to the idle mode or after it selects a
PLMN, the UE must select a cell to camp on.
• During the UE transition from connected mode to idle mode:
▫ The UE first attempts to select the most recent cell it has camped on in
connected mode, or it selects a Suitable Cell on a frequency that is allocated
through the RRC Connection Release message.
▫ If such a cell is not available, the UE performs the Stored Information Cell
Selection procedure to find a Suitable Cell.
▫ If the UE fails to find a Suitable Cell, the UE initiates the Initial Cell Selection
procedure.
• Stored Information Cell Selection
▫ The Stored Information Cell Selection procedure requires stored information

related to carrier frequencies and cell parameters. The UE searches for the
strongest cell on the frequencies.
▪ If the UE finds a Suitable Cell, it selects that cell to camp on.
▪ If the UE fails to find a Suitable Cell, it initiates the Initial Cell Selection
procedure.
• Initial Cell Selection
▫ The Initial Cell Selection procedure does not require that the UE know in advance
which frequencies are E-UTRAN carrier frequencies.
▪ In this procedure, the UE scans all carrier frequencies on the supported E-
UTRAN bands to find a Suitable Cell. On each carrier frequency, the UE
searches for the strongest cell only. If the UE finds a Suitable Cell, it selects
this cell to camp on. If the UE fails to find a Suitable Cell, it selects an
Acceptable Cell to camp on.
• Cell search is a procedure in which a UE achieves time and frequency synchronization

with a cell, obtains the physical cell identifier (PCI), and learns the signal quality and
other information about the cell based on the PCI. A UE performs cell search on all
frequencies before selecting or reselecting a cell.
• In an LTE system, two types of synchronization signals are used for cell search: primary
synchronization signals (PSSs) and secondary synchronization signals (SSSs). A UE
performs cell search as follows:
▫ The UE monitors the PSS to achieve clock synchronization accurate to within 5

ms, and to identify the cell identities in possible cell identity groups the PCI
belongs to.
▫ The UE monitors the SSSs to achieve frame synchronization, that is, time
synchronization, and to identify the cell identity groups based on the one-to-one
relationship with SSSs.
▫ The UE identifies the PCI by cross-referencing the identified cell identity and cell
identity group.
▫ The UE monitors the downlink reference signal to determine the signal quality in
the cell.
▫ The UE reads information on the broadcast channel (BCH) to acquire related

details about the cell.
• The scheduling period for the MIB is fixed at 40 ms. The first transmission of the MIB is
scheduled in subframe 0 of radio frames for which the SFN mod 4 equals 0, and
repetitions are scheduled in subframe 0 of the last three radio frames in each period.
• ETWS: earthquake and tsunami warning system

• CMAS: commercial mobile alert system
• MBMS: multimedia broadcast multicast service
• The scheduling period for SIB1 is fixed at 80 ms. The first transmission of SIB1 is
scheduled in subframe 5 of radio frames for which SFN mod 8 equals 0, and
repetitions are scheduled in subframe 5 of later radio frames for which SFN mod 2 = 0
in each period.
• Other SIBs can be transmitted repeatedly once or multiple times within a scheduling
period. The number of transmissions is determined by factors such as the data volume,
bit rate, and available bandwidth of SIBs.
• The CellSiMap.SibTransCtrlSwitch parameter specifies the value range of the number
of times other SIBs are sent. If this parameter is set to OFF, the default algorithm is
used. If this parameter is set to ON, a new algorithm is used to reduce the probability
of repeatedly SIB transmissions. It is good practice to set the
CellSiMap.SibTransCtrlSwitch parameter to its recommended value.
• It is good practice to set CellSiMap.SiTransEcr to its recommended value. When
CellSiMap.SibTransCtrlSwitch is set to ON and CellSiMap.SiTransEcr is set to a value
greater than 300, the eNodeB optimizes the DCI format for system information
transmission to improve the decoding performance of UEs; however, RB resources used
for LTE system information may increase.
• The CellSiMap.SiSchResRatio parameter specifies the ratio of the available bandwidth
used for sending other SIBs to the system bandwidth. If this parameter is set to 0, this
parameter does not take effect. If this parameter is set to a value other than 0, the
ratio of the available SIB bandwidth to the system bandwidth is equal to the
configured value multiplied by 0.01.
• Run the MOD CELLSIMAP command (high-risk command) to set these parameters.
• SibxPeriod (x = 2, 3, …, 16)
▫ Parameter Name: SIBx period (x = 2, 3, …, 16)
▫ Meaning: Indicates the transmission period for system information block type x
(x = 2, 3, …, 16). A larger value of this parameter results in a smaller number of
transmissions in a unit of time and a smaller amount of occupied system
resources, but it may also lead to a longer delay in UE's acquisition of the system
information. A smaller value of this parameter leads to the opposite effects.
▫ GUI Value Range: RF8(8 radio frames), RF16(16 radio frames), RF32(32 radio
frames), RF64(64 radio frames), RF128(128 radio frames), RF256(256 radio
frames), RF512(512 radio frames)
▫ Actual Value Range: RF8, RF16, RF32, RF64, RF128, RF256, RF512
▫ Unit: None
• The modification period of the SI message is N radio frames, starting from a radio
frame for which SFN mod n = 0. During the modification period n, the eNodeB
transmits the paging message to inform UEs in RRC_IDLE mode and UEs in
RRC_CONNECTED mode of the SI message change when a paging cycle arrives. When
the n+1 modification period arrives, the eNodeB transmits the updated SI message. In
this figure, different colors indicate SI messages with different contents.
• The length of the SI modification period n = modificationPeriodCoeff x
defaultPagingCycle
▫ modificationPeriodCoeff is the coefficient of the modification period, indicating

the minimum number of times the UE monitors paging messages within the SI
message modification period. It is set by the BCCHCFG.ModifyPeriodCoeff
parameter.
▫ defaultPagingCycle is the default paging cycle in the unit of radio frames. It is set
by the PCCHCFG.DefaultPagingCycle parameter.
• modificationPeriodCoeff and defaultPagingCycle are broadcast in SIB2.
• Run the MOD BCCHCFG (high-risk command) command to set this parameter.
• ModifyPeriodCoeff
▫ Parameter Name: Modification period coefficient
▫ Meaning: Indicates the modification period coefficient for the BCCH. The BCCH
modification period is equal to Modification period coefficient multiplied by
Default paging cycle, where the BCCH modification period and default paging
cycle are measured in unit of radio frames, and the modification period
coefficient is specified by this parameter.
▫ GUI Value Range: MOD_PERIOD_COEFF_N2(2), MOD_PERIOD_COEFF_N4(4),

MOD_PERIOD_COEFF_N8(8), MOD_PERIOD_COEFF_N16(16)
▫ Actual Value Range: MOD_PERIOD_COEFF_N2, MOD_PERIOD_COEFF_N4,

MOD_PERIOD_COEFF_N8, MOD_PERIOD_COEFF_N16
▫ Unit: None
▫ If the length of the default paging cycle is fixed, a larger value of this parameter
results in a longer modification period and a larger number of times that UEs are
required to read system information change notifications, which leads to higher
reliability of acquiring such notifications. A longer modification period, however,
results in a longer delay in the system information change.
• The Stored Information Cell Selection procedure is as follows:
▫ The UE searches known carrier frequencies for a Suitable Cell.
▫ If a Suitable Cell is found, the UE selects this cell to camp on.
▫ If a Suitable Cell is not found, the UE initiates the Initial Cell Selection procedure.
• Initial Cell Selection: The Initial Cell Selection procedure does not require that the UE
know in advance which frequencies are E-UTRAN carrier frequencies.
• The Initial Cell Selection procedure is as follows:
▫ The UE scans all carrier frequencies on the supported E-UTRAN bands to find a
Suitable Cell. On each carrier frequency, the UE searches for the strongest cell
only.
▫ If a Suitable Cell is found, the UE selects this cell to camp on.
▫ If the UE fails to find a Suitable Cell, it selects an Acceptable Cell to camp on.
• A UE considers an E-UTRAN cell as a suitable cell only when the measured RSRP and
RSRQ values of the cell are greater than the receive (RX) level threshold (Qrxlevmin)
and RX signal quality threshold (Qqualmin) for the cell, respectively.
• An E-UTRAN cell becomes a suitable cell when both the following conditions are met:
▫ Srxlev > 0
▫ Squal > 0
▫ Where, Srxlev = Qrxlevmeas – (Qrxlevmin + Qrxlevminoffset) – Pcompensation
▫ Squal = Qqualmeas – (Qqualmin + Qqualminoffset)
▫ Pcompensation is the result of the function: max(PMax – UE Maximum Output

Power, 0)
▫ PMax is the maximum transmit power that the UE can use for uplink
transmission. It is broadcast in SIB1 and set by the Cell.UePowerMax parameter.
▫ UE Maximum Output Power is the maximum output power that the UE can
physically achieve. It is not configurable.
• On each carrier frequency, the UE searches for the strongest cell for a selection
decision.
• Run the MOD CELLSEL command to set these parameters.

• QRxLevMin
▫ Parameter Name: Minimum required RX level
▫ Meaning: Indicates the minimum required RX level for the cell to become a
candidate for cell selection. The level is included in S criteria and used in the
evaluation of cell selection. A larger value of this parameter leads to a lower
probability of the cell meeting criteria S and becoming a suitable cell for cell
selection. A smaller value of this parameter results in a higher probability.
▫ GUI Value Range: -70~-22
▫ Actual Value Range: -140~-44
▫ Unit: 2dBm
• QQualMin
▫ Parameter Name: Minimum required RX quality level
▫ Meaning: Indicates the minimum required received signal quality, which

corresponds to the q-QualMin IE in system information block type 1 (SIB1) and is
used to calculate the Squal value for the serving cell involved in cell selection and
reselection. If this parameter is set to a value other than 0, a larger value
indicates that cell reselection is easier to trigger and it is more difficult for the
related cell to meet the criteria for UEs to camp on. A smaller value results in the
opposite effects. If this parameter is set to 0, SIB1 does not contain the q-
QualMin IE, and UEs use the default value (negative infinity) of the IE. In this
case, only the signal level is used for UEs to select and reselect cells.
▫ GUI Value Range: -34~-3,0
▫ Actual Value Range: -34~-3,0
▫ Unit: dB
▫ IE Delivery: When the CellResel.ThrshServLowQCfgInd parameter is set to CFG, or

when the CellResel.ThrshServLowQCfgInd parameter is set to NOT_CFG and the
CellSel.QQualMin parameter is set to a non-zero value, the q-QualMin IE is
included in SIB1. When the CellResel.ThrshServLowQCfgInd parameter is set to
NOT_CFG and the CellSel.QQualMin parameter is set to 0, the q-QualMin IE is
not included in SIB1.
• Run the MOD CELLSEL command to set these parameters.

• QRxLevMinOffset
▫ Parameter Name: Minimum required RX level offset
▫ Meaning: Indicates the offset to the minimum required RX level. This value is
included in criteria S and used in the evaluation of cell selection. This parameter
is valid only when the cell selection is triggered by periodic searches for higher-
priority PLMNs and the UE is served by a Visited Public Land Mobile Network
(VPLMN). A larger value of this parameter leads to a higher probability of the
cell meeting criteria S and becoming a suitable cell for cell selection. A smaller
value of this parameter results in a lower probability.
▫ Unit: 2dB
• QQualMinOffset
▫ Parameter Name: Minimum required RX quality level offset
▫ Meaning: Indicates the offset to the minimum required RX quality level for the
cell. It is included in criteria S and used in the evaluation of cell selection. This
parameter is required only when the cell selection is triggered by periodic
searches for higher-priority PLMNs and the UE is served by a Visited Public Land
Mobile Network (VPLMN). A larger value of this parameter leads to higher
probabilities of the cell meeting criteria S and becoming a suitable cell for cell
selection. A smaller value of this parameter results in lower probabilities. If this
parameter is not set, indicating that the value of this parameter is not sent to the
UE over the air interface, the UE uses the value 0 by default.
▫ Unit: dB
▫ This parameter is optional, depending on the setting of the

QQualMinOffsetCfgInd parameter. If the QQualMinOffsetCfgInd parameter is set
to CFG, this parameter can be set. If the QQualMinOffsetCfgInd parameter is set
to NOT_CFG, this parameter does not need to be set. The recommended value of
the QQualMinOffsetCfgInd parameter is NOT_CFG.
• Run the MOD CELL command (high-risk command) to set this parameter.
• UePowerMax
▫ Parameter Name: Max transmit power allowed
▫ Meaning: Indicates the maximum transmit power that a UE can apply to uplink
transmission in the cell. It is used in cell selection criterion S to calculate the
compensated power. If the value of this parameter is not specified, the maximum
power is subject to the UE capability.
▫ GUI Value Range: -30~36
▫ Actual Value Range: -30~36
▫ Unit: dBm
▫ This parameter is optional, depending on the setting of the UePowerMaxCfgInd

parameter. If the UePowerMaxCfgInd parameter is set to CFG, this parameter
can be set. If the UePowerMaxCfgInd parameter is set to NOT_CFG, this
parameter does not need to be set. The recommended value of the
UePowerMaxCfgInd parameter is NOT_CFG.
• A cell reselection procedure is as follows:
▫ Starts the measurement for neighboring cells according to signal quality of the
serving cell and priority information of the neighboring cells.
▫ Reselects the measured neighboring cells based on their radio signal quality and
priorities.
• A UE camping on a cell may attempt to reselect another high-quality cell to camp on

based on cell reselection criteria. During the cell reselection procedure, the UE
measures the signal quality level of neighboring cells, and then evaluates the
neighboring cells in compliance with cell reselection criteria specific to the priorities of
these neighboring cells.
• During measurement and implementation of cell reselection, the UE needs to obtain
the priorities of non-serving frequencies. Frequencies serving two cells that work in
different RATs must have different priorities. However, the priority of the frequency
can be ignored when the UE reselects an intra-frequency neighboring cell because cells
working on the same frequency have the same priority.
• SPID dedicated priority: Specifies a dedicated cell reselection priority using the SPID.
• Operator-dedicated priority: Specifies a dedicated cell reselection priority based on the
operator to which an adjacent frequency belongs.
• Run the MOD CELLRESEL command to set the priority of the serving frequency band,
which is broadcast in SIB3.
• Run the MOD EUTRANINTERNFREQ command to set the priority of an inter-frequency
band, which is broadcast in SIB5. UEs cannot reselect to the inter-frequency band if the
priority of the dedicated inter-frequency band is not set.
• Run the MOD UTRANNFREQ command (high-risk command) to set the priority of a
UTRAN frequency band, which is broadcast in SIB6. UEs cannot reselect to the UTRAN
frequency band if the priority of the dedicated UTRAN frequency band is not set.
• Run the MOD GERANNFREQGROUP command to set the priority of a GERAN
frequency band, which is broadcast in SIB7. UEs cannot reselect to the GERAN
frequency band if the priority of the dedicated GERAN frequency band is not set.
• Run the MOD CDMA2000BANDCLASS command to set the priority of a CDMA HRPD
frequency band, which is broadcast in SIB8. UEs cannot reselect to the CDMA
1XRTT/HRPD frequency band if the priority of the dedicated CDMA 1XRTT/HRPD
frequency band is not set.
• CellReselPriority
▫ Parameter Name: Cell reselection priority
▫ Meaning: Indicates the cell reselection priority of the serving frequency band. The
value 0 indicates the lowest priority, and the value 7 indicates the highest priority.
A larger value of this parameter leads to a lower probability of a UE reselecting
to another cell. A smaller value indicates the opposite effect.
▫ Unit: None
• If CELLRESEL.SIntraSearchCfgInd is set to NOT_CFG, s-IntraSearch is not broadcast in

SIB3; if CELLRESEL.QQualMinCfgInd is set to NOT_CFG, s-IntraSearchP and s-
IntraSearchQ are not broadcast in SIB3.
• Run the MOD CELLRESEL command to set these parameters.

• SIntraSearch
▫ Parameter Name: Threshold for intra frequency measurements
▫ Meaning: Indicates the measurement triggering threshold for intra-frequency cell
reselection. UEs start intra-frequency measurements only if the value of Cell
selection RX level value (dB) is less than or equal to the value of this parameter.
With other conditions unchanged, a larger value of this parameter indicates a
higher probability of triggering intra-frequency measurements, and a smaller
value indicates a lower probability. This parameter is optional, depending on the
setting of SIntraSearchCfgInd.
▫ Unit: 2dB
• SIntraSearchQ
▫ Parameter Name: RSRQ Threshold for intra frequency measurements
▫ Meaning: Indicates the RSRQ threshold for starting intra-frequency
measurements. It determines the probability of triggering cell reselection to an
intra-frequency neighboring cell. With other conditions unchanged, a larger value
of this parameter indicates a higher probability of triggering intra-frequency
measurements, and a smaller value indicates a lower probability.
▫ Unit: dB
• Both s-NonIntraSearch and s-NonIntraSearchP are specified by the

CellResel.SNonIntraSearch parameter, and s-NonIntraSearchQ is specified by the
CellResel.SNonIntraSearchQ parameter.
• SNonIntraSearch
▫ Parameter Name: Threshold for non-intra frequency measurements
▫ Meaning: Indicates the measurement triggering threshold for reselection to inter-
frequency or inter-RAT cells. If the cell reselection priority of a frequency or RAT
is higher than that of the serving frequency, the UEs always start inter-frequency
or inter-RAT measurements. If the cell reselection priority of a frequency is lower
than or equal to that of the serving frequency or if the cell reselection priority of
an RAT is lower than that of the serving frequency, the UEs start inter-frequency
or inter-RAT measurements only when the value of Cell selection RX level value
(dB) is lower than or equal to the value of this parameter. With other conditions
unchanged, a larger value of this parameter leads to a higher probability of
triggering inter-frequency or inter-RAT measurements, and a smaller value
indicates a lower probability.
▫ Unit: 2dB
• SNonIntraSearchQ
▫ Parameter Name: RSRQ Threshold for non-intra frequency measurements
▫ Meaning: Indicates the RSRQ threshold for starting inter-frequency or inter-RAT

measurements. It determines the probability of triggering cell reselection to an
inter-frequency or inter-RAT neighboring cell. With other conditions unchanged,
a larger value of this parameter leads to a higher probability of triggering inter-
frequency or inter-RAT measurements, and a smaller value indicates a lower
probability.
▫ Unit: dB
• During cell reselection, intra-frequency or equal-priority inter-frequency neighboring

cells must meet both cell selection and reselection criteria.
• The cell reselection parameters are defined as follows:
▫ Qmeas_s is the measured RSRP of the serving cell, expressed in units of dBm.
▫ Qhyst is the hysteresis for the serving cell used in the ranking criteria, expressed
in units of dB. It is broadcast in SIB3.
▫ Qmeas_n is the measured RSRP of the neighboring cell, expressed in units of

dBm.
▫ CellQoffset is the offset for the neighboring cell used in the ranking criteria,
expressed in units of dB. For an intra-frequency neighboring cell, the value is
equal to q-OffsetCell, which is broadcast in SIB4. If q-OffsetCell is not broadcast
in SIB4, the UE sets q-OffsetCell to 0. For an inter-frequency neighboring cell, the
value is equal to q-OffsetCell plus q-OffsetFreq, which are broadcast in SIB5. If q-
OffsetCell is not broadcast in SIB5, the UE sets q-OffsetCell to 0.
• According to the cell reselection criteria, the UE should reselect the new cell with the
highest cell-ranking criterion (represented by R_n) only if both the following conditions
are met:
▫ The new cell is ranked higher than the serving cell during the cell reselection
period. The cell reselection period for an intra-frequency neighboring cell is
broadcast in SIB3 and set by the CellResel.TreselEutran parameter. The cell
reselection period for an inter-frequency neighboring cell is broadcast in SIB5 and
set by the EutranInterNFreq.EutranReselTime parameter.
▫ More than one second has elapsed since the UE camped on the serving cell.
• During cell reselection, the UE also needs to check whether access to a neighboring cell
is allowed according to the cellAccessRelatedInfo IE in SIB1 sent from the neighboring
cell. If the neighboring cell is barred, it must be excluded from the candidate list. If a
neighboring cell is in the list of forbidden TAs for roaming or it does not belong to the
RPLMN or an EPLMN, this neighboring cell cannot function as a Suitable Cell. In this
situation, the UE does not consider this neighboring cell and other cells on the same
frequency as candidates for reselection within 300 seconds.
• Run the MOD CELLRESEL command to set these parameters. The values of
Qrxlevminoffset and Qqualminoffset are the same as those for cell selection.
• Qrxlevmin
▫ Meaning: Indicates the minimum receive level required for a cell to become a
candidate for cell selection. The level is included in S criteria and used in the
evaluation of cell selection. A larger value of this parameter leads to a lower
probability of the cell meeting criteria S and becoming a suitable cell for cell
selection. A smaller value of this parameter results in a higher probability. Set
this parameter properly so that the selected cells can provide signals that meet
the quality requirement of basic services.
▫ Actual Value Range: -140~-44, Unit: 2dBm
• PMax
▫ Parameter Name: Max transmit power allowed
▫ Meaning: Indicates the maximum power that the UE can apply to transmission in
the intra-frequency neighboring cell. It is used in cell reselection criteria to
calculate the compensated power. If the value of this parameter is not specified,
the maximum power is subject to the UE capability. If PMaxCfgInd is set to CFG,
PMax needs to be set. If PMaxCfgInd is set to NOT_CFG, PMax does not need to
be set.
▫ Actual Value Range: -30~33, Unit: dBm
• Run the MOD CELLRESEL command to set the following parameter:

• QQualMin
▫ Parameter Name: Minimum required quality level
▫ Meaning: Indicates the minimum required RX signal quality used in intra-
frequency E-UTRAN cell reselection, which corresponds to the IE q-QualMin in
SIB3. This value is included in criteria R and used in the evaluation of cell
reselection. With other conditions unchanged, a smaller parameter value for a
cell leads to lower probabilities of the cell meeting S criteria and becoming a
suitable cell for selection, and a larger parameter value for a cell leads to higher
probabilities. Set this parameter properly so that the selected cell can provide
signals that meet the quality requirement of basic services.
▫ Unit: dB
▫ Configuration Constraints: This parameter is optional, depending on the setting
of QQualMinCfgInd.
▪ If QQualMinCfgInd is set to CFG, this parameter needs to be set.
▪ If QQualMinCfgInd is set to NOT_CFG, this parameter does not need to be
set.
• Run the MOD EUTRANINTERNFREQ command to set the parameter. The values of
Qrxlevminoffset and Qqualminoffset are the same as those for cell selection.
• Qrxlevmin
▫ Meaning: Indicates the minimum receive level required for an inter-frequency E-

UTRAN cell to become a candidate for cell selection. The level is included in S
criteria and used in the evaluation of cell selection. During the evaluation of cell
reselection, the UE performs the following calculation: Srxlev = Measured RSRP
value of a cell on the neighboring frequency - Value of this parameter -
Compensated power. If Srxlev for a cell is better than the value of this parameter
within the time-to-trigger threshold, reselection to the cell is started.
▫ Unit: 2dBm
• Run the MOD EUTRANINTERNFREQ command to set these parameters.

• PMax
▫ Parameter Name: PMAX
▫ Meaning: Indicates the maximum power that the UE can apply to transmission
on the neighboring E-UTRAN frequency. It is used in cell reselection criteria to
calculate the compensated power. If the value of this parameter is not specified,
the maximum power is subject to the UE capability.
▫ Unit: dBm
▫ Configuration Constraints:
▪ If PmaxCfgInd is set to CFG, PMax needs to be set.
▪ If PmaxCfgInd is set to NOT_CFG, PMax does not need to be set.

• QQualMin
▫ Parameter Name: Minimum RX signal quality
▫ Meaning: Indicates the minimum RX quality level of an inter-frequency

neighboring cell, which is required for it to become a candidate for cell
reselection. It determines the probability of triggering cell reselection to inter-
frequency neighboring cells on the frequency. A larger value of this parameter
leads to lower probabilities for the cell to meet criterion S and become a suitable
cell selected by a UE. A smaller value of this parameter leads to the opposite
effects. Set this parameter properly so that the selected cell can provide signals
that meet the quality requirement of basic services.
▫ Unit: dB
▫ Configuration Constraints:
▪ This parameter is optional, depending on the setting of QqualMinCfgInd.
▪ If QqualMinCfgInd is set to CFG, this parameter needs to be set.
▪ If QqualMinCfgInd is set to NOT_CFG, this parameter does not need to be

set.
• To set this parameter for intra-frequency neighboring cells, run the MOD
EUTRANINTRAFREQNCELL command (high-risk command). To set this parameter for
inter-frequency neighboring cells, run the MOD EUTRANINTERFREQNCELL command
(high-risk command).
• CellQoffset
▫ Parameter Name: Cell offset
▫ Meaning: Indicates the offset for the intra-/inter-frequency neighboring cell,
which is used in evaluation of cell reselection. A larger value of this parameter
results in a lower probability of cell reselection to this neighboring cell. A smaller
value leads to the opposite effects.
▫ GUI Value Range: dB-24(-24dB), dB-22(-22dB), dB-20(-20dB), dB-18(-18dB), dB-
16(-16dB), dB-14(-14dB), dB-12(-12dB), dB-10(-10dB), dB-8(-8dB), dB-6(-6dB),
dB-5(-5dB), dB-4(-4dB), dB-3(-3dB), dB-2(-2dB), dB-1(-1dB), dB0(0dB),
dB1(1dB), dB2(2dB), dB3(3dB), dB4(4dB), dB5(5dB), dB6(6dB), dB8(8dB),
dB10(10dB), dB12(12dB), dB14(14dB), dB16(16dB), dB18(18dB), dB20(20dB),
dB22(22dB), dB24(24dB)
▫ Actual Value Range: dB-24, dB-22, dB-20, dB-18, dB-16, dB-14, dB-12, dB-10, dB-
8, dB-6, dB-5, dB-4, dB-3, dB-2, dB-1, dB0, dB1, dB2, dB3, dB4, dB5, dB6, dB8,
dB10, dB12, dB14, dB16, dB18, dB20, dB22, dB24
▫ Unit: dB
• Run the MOD EUTRANINTERNFREQ command to set this parameter.
• QoffsetFreq
▫ Parameter Name: Frequency offset
▫ Meaning: Indicates the frequency-specific offset for the neighboring E-UTRAN

frequency that applies to UEs in idle mode. A larger value of this parameter
results in a lower probability of reselection to cells on the neighboring E-UTRAN
frequency. A smaller value of this parameter leads to the opposite effects.
▫ GUI Value Range: dB-24(-24dB), dB-22(-22dB), dB-20(-20dB), dB-18(-18dB), dB-

16(-16dB), dB-14(-14dB), dB-12(-12dB), dB-10(-10dB), dB-8(-8dB), dB-6(-6dB),
dB-5(-5dB), dB-4(-4dB), dB-3(-3dB), dB-2(-2dB), dB-1(-1dB), dB0(0dB),
dB1(1dB), dB2(2dB), dB3(3dB), dB4(4dB), dB5(5dB), dB6(6dB), dB8(8dB),
dB10(10dB), dB12(12dB), dB14(14dB), dB16(16dB), dB18(18dB), dB20(20dB),
dB22(22dB), dB24(24dB)
▫ Actual Value Range: dB-24, dB-22, dB-20, dB-18, dB-16, dB-14, dB-12, dB-10, dB-
8, dB-6, dB-5, dB-4, dB-3, dB-2, dB-1, dB0, dB1, dB2, dB3, dB4, dB5, dB6, dB8,
dB10, dB12, dB14, dB16, dB18, dB20, dB22, dB24
▫ Unit: dB
• Run the MOD CELLRESEL command to set this parameter.

• Qhyst
▫ Parameter Name: Hysteresis value for ranking criteria
▫ Meaning: Indicates the hysteresis for cell reselection when RSRP values are used
in the evaluation. This parameter must be set based on the slow fading
characteristic of the area covered by the cell. The greater the slow fading
variance is, the larger the value of this parameter must be set to. A larger value
of the hysteresis results in a larger boundary of the serving cell and a lower
probability of cell reselection to neighboring cells. With other parameters related
to cell reselection unchanged, a larger value of this parameter leads to a lower
probability of reselection to an intra-frequency or same-priority neighboring cell.
A smaller value of this parameter leads to a higher probability, but a larger
number of ping-pong cell reselections.
▫ GUI Value Range: DB0_Q_HYST(0dB), DB1_Q_HYST(1dB), DB2_Q_HYST(2dB),
DB3_Q_HYST(3dB), DB4_Q_HYST(4dB), DB5_Q_HYST(5dB), DB6_Q_HYST(6dB),
DB8_Q_HYST(8dB), DB10_Q_HYST(10dB), DB12_Q_HYST(12dB),
DB14_Q_HYST(14dB), DB16_Q_HYST(16dB), DB18_Q_HYST(18dB),
DB20_Q_HYST(20dB), DB22_Q_HYST(22dB), DB24_Q_HYST(24dB)
▫ Actual Value Range: DB0_Q_HYST, DB1_Q_HYST, DB2_Q_HYST, DB3_Q_HYST,
DB4_Q_HYST, DB5_Q_HYST, DB6_Q_HYST, DB8_Q_HYST, DB10_Q_HYST,
DB12_Q_HYST, DB14_Q_HYST, DB16_Q_HYST, DB18_Q_HYST, DB20_Q_HYST,
DB22_Q_HYST, DB24_Q_HYST
▫ Unit: dB

• TReselEutran
▫ Parameter Name: Cell reselection timer value for EUTRAN
▫ Meaning: Indicates the evaluation period for a UE to determine whether to

perform cell reselection to a new E-UTRAN cell. If the signal quality of a new E-
UTRAN cell is better than that of the serving cell within the period specified by
this parameter and a UE camps on the serving cell for more than 1s, the UE
initiates cell reselection to the new E-UTRAN cell. A smaller value of this
parameter leads to a higher probability of initiating cell reselection but also a
higher probability of ping-pong reselection. A larger value of this parameter
leads to the opposite effects.
▫ Unit: s
• Run the MOD EUTRANINTERNFREQ command to set the following parameter:
• EutranReselTime
▫ Parameter Name: EUTRAN reselection time
▫ Meaning: Indicates the evaluation duration for a UE to determine whether to

reselect the inter-frequency neighboring cell to camp on. If the signal quality in
an inter-frequency neighboring cell is better than that in the serving cell for the
period specified by this parameter and a UE camps on the serving cell for more
than 1s, the UE attempts to reselect the inter-frequency neighboring cell to camp
on. A smaller value of this parameter leads to a higher probability of reselection
to an inter-frequency neighboring cell. A larger value leads to the opposite
effects. Whether the value of this parameter is too large or too small, the access
success rate of the inter-frequency neighboring cell is affected.
▫ Unit: s
• Squal:
▫ EUTRAN: Squal = Qqualmeas - (Qqualmin + Qqualminoffset)
▫ UTRAN FDD: Squal = Qqualmeas - (Qqualmin + Qqualminoffset)

• Srxlev:
▫ EUTRAN: Srxlev = Qrxlevmeas - (Qrxlevmin + Qrxlevminoffset) - Pcompensation
▫ UTRAN: Srxlev = Qrxlevmeas - (Qrxlevmin + Qrxlevminoffset) - Pcompensation
▫ CDMA2000: Srxlev = -FLOOR(-2*10Log10EC/IO)
▫ GERAN: Srxlev = Qrxlevmeas - Qrxlevmin - Pcompensation

• For EUTRAN and UTRAN FDD, either Srxlev or Squal could be used for cell reselection,
depending on the setting of the following parameter:
▫ If ThrshServLowQCfgInd is set to CFG, Squal is used.
▫ Otherwise, Srxlev is used.

• For UTRAN TDD, CDMA2000 and GERAN, only Srxlev can be used.
• If SIB3 contains the value of ThreshServingLowQ, a UE performs reselection to a
higher-priority inter-frequency or inter-RAT neighboring cell when all of the following
conditions are met:
▫ The neighboring cell has one of the following measurement results:
▪ The Squal value of the evaluated neighboring E-UTRAN or UTRAN FDD cell
is always greater than the ThreshXHighQ value (specified by
UTRANNFREQ.ThreshXHighQ in UTRAN FDD) broadcast in SIB5 or SIB6 for
reselection to higher-priority cells during the cell reselection time specified
by EUTRANINTERNFREQ.EutranReselTime or
CELLRESELUTRAN.TReselUtran.
▪ The Srxlev value of the evaluated neighboring UTRAN TDD, GERAN or

CDMA2000 cell is always greater than the ThreshXHigh value (specified by
UTRANNFREQ.ThreshXHigh in UTRAN TDD,
GERANNFREQGROUP.ThreshXHigh in GERAN, or
CDMA2000BANDCLASS.Cdma2000HrpdThreshXHigh in CDMA2000)
broadcast in SIB6, SIB7, or SIB8 for reselection to higher-priority cells during
the cell reselection time specified by CELLRESELUTRAN.TReselUtran,
CELLRESELGERAN.TReselGeran, or CELLRESELCDMA2000.TreselectionHrpd.
▫ The UE has camped on the serving cell for more than 1 second.
• If SIB3 does not contain the value of ThreshServingLowQ, a UE performs reselection to
a higher-priority inter-frequency or inter-RAT neighboring cell when all of the
following conditions are met:
▫ The Srxlev value of the evaluated neighboring cell is always greater than the
ThreshXHigh value (specified by EUTRANINTERNFREQ.ThreshXhigh in E-UTRAN,
UTRANNFREQ.ThreshXHigh in UTRAN, GERANNFREQGROUP.ThreshXHigh in
GERAN, or CDMA2000BANDCLASS.Cdma2000HrpdThreshXHigh in CDMA2000)
during the predefined cell reselection time.
• Run the ADD EUTRANINTERNFREQ, MOD EUTRANINTERNFREQ, or RMV

EUTRANINTERNFREQ (high-risk command)
commands to add, modify, or remove inter-frequency neighboring EARFCNs,
respectively.
• Run the ADD UTRANNFREQ, MOD UTRANNFREQ (high-risk command), or RMV
UTRANNFREQ (high-risk command) command to add, modify, or remove neighboring
UARFCNs, respectively.
• ThreshXHighQ
▫ Parameter Name: Inter frequency/UTRAN high priority RSRQ threshold
▫ Meaning: Indicates the RSRQ-based minimum RX level required for a neighboring

cell on the frequency to become a candidate for reselection if the RSRQ-based
priority of the frequency is higher than that of the serving frequency. A smaller
value of this parameter results in a higher probability of reselection to a cell on
the neighboring frequency. A larger value of this parameter results in the
opposite effect.
▫ Unit: dB
• QqualMin
▫ Parameter Name: Minimum required quality level/Minimum RX signal quality
▫ Meaning: Indicates the minimum quality level of an inter-frequency neighboring

cell or a cell on the UTRAN frequency, which is required for it to become a
candidate for cell reselection. It determines the probability of triggering cell
reselection to neighboring cells on the frequency. The Squal value is equal to the
UE-measured RSRQ in the cell using the target frequency minus this parameter
value. A larger value of this parameter leads to lower probabilities for the cell to
meet criterion S and become a suitable cell selected by a UE. A smaller value of
this parameter leads to the opposite effects.
▫ GUI Value Range: -34~-3 (E-UTRAN), -24~0 (UTRAN FDD)
▫ Actual Value Range: -34~-3 (E-UTRAN), -24~0 (UTRAN FDD)
▫ Unit: dB
• Run the MOD EUTRANINTERNFREQ, MOD UTRANNFREQ (high-risk command), MOD

CDMA2000BANDCLASS or MOD GERANNFREQGROUP command to set the high-
priority threshold for the E-UTRAN inter-frequency, UTRAN, CDMA2000 (HRPD) or
GERAN, respectively.
• ThreshXHigh/Cdma2000HrpdThreshXHigh
▫ Parameter Name: Inter-frequency/UTRAN/GERAN/CDMA2000HRPD high priority

threshold
▫ Meaning: Indicates the RX level required for a neighboring cell on the frequency
to become a candidate for reselection if the priority of the frequency is higher
than that of the serving frequency. A smaller value of this parameter results in a
higher probability of reselection to a neighboring cell. A larger value of this
parameter results in the opposite effects.
▫ GUI Value Range: 0~31 (E-UTRAN/UTRAN/GERAN), -63~0 (CDMA2000)
▫ Actual Value Range: 0~62 (E-UTRAN/UTRAN/GERAN), -31.5~0 (CDMA2000)
▫ Unit: 2dB (E-UTRAN/UTRAN/GERAN), 0.5dB (CDMA2000)

• Run the MOD EUTRANINTERNFREQ, MOD UTRANNFREQ (high-risk command), or

MOD GERANNFREQGROUP command to set the minimum required RX level for E-
UTRAN, UTRAN, or GERAN, respectively.
• QRxLevMin
▫ Meaning: Indicates the RX level required for a neighboring cell on the frequency
to become a suitable cell for selection. It is included in criteria S and used in the
evaluation of cell selection. During the evaluation of cell reselection, the UE
performs the following calculation: Srxlev = Measured RSRP value of a cell on the
target frequency - Value of this parameter - Compensated power. A smaller
value of this parameter results in a larger probability of reselection to a
neighboring cell on the frequency. A larger value of this parameter results in the
opposite effect.
▫ GUI Value Range: -70~-22 (E-UTRAN); -60~-13 (UTRAN); 0~45 (GERAN)
▫ Actual Value Range: -140~-44 (E-UTRAN); -119~-25 (UTRAN); -115~-25 (GERAN,

actual value = -115 + 2 x GUI Value)
▫ Unit: 2dBm
• Run the MOD CELLRESEL, MOD CELLRESELUTRAN, or MOD CELLRESELCDMA2000 to

set the cell reselection timer for the E-UTRAN, UTRAN, or CDMA2000, respectively.
• TreselUtran
▫ Parameter Name: Cell reselection timer value for UTRAN
reselect a neighboring UTRAN cell to camp on. A larger value results in a lower
probability that the cell is selected when other conditions remain unchanged. A
smaller value leads to the opposite effect.
▫ Unit: s
• TreselectionHrpd
▫ Parameter Name: Cell reselection timer for HRPD
reselect a neighboring CDMA2000 HRPD cell to camp on. A smaller value of this
parameter leads to a higher probability of initiating cell reselection but a higher
probability of ping-pong reselection. A larger value of this parameter leads to the
opposite effects.
▫ Unit: s
• Run the MOD CELLRESELGERAN command to set the cell reselection timer for the
GERAN.
• TreselGeran
▫ Parameter Name: Cell reselection timer value for GERAN

reselect a neighboring GERAN cell to camp on. A smaller value of this parameter
leads to a higher probability of initiating cell reselection but a higher probability
of ping-pong reselection. A larger value of this parameter leads to the opposite
effects.
▫ Unit: s
• For E-UTRAN and UTRAN FDD, either Srxlev or Squal could be used for cell reselection,
depending on the setting of the following parameter:
▫ If ThrshServLowQCfgInd is set to CFG, Squal is used.
▫ Otherwise, Srxlev is used.

• For UTRAN TDD, CDMA2000 and GERAN, only Srxlev can be used.
• If SIB3 contains the value of ThreshServingLowQ, a UE performs reselection to a lower-
priority inter-frequency or inter-RAT neighboring cell when all the following conditions
are met:
▫ No cell meets the criteria for reselection to higher-priority cells.
▫ The Squal value of the serving cell is always less than the RX signal quality
threshold for the serving cell used in reselection to lower-priority cells
(ThrshServLowQ) during the predefined cell reselection time.
▪ The Squal value of the evaluated neighboring E-UTRAN cell is greater than
the threshX-LowQ broadcast in SIB5 (EUTRANINTERNFREQ.ThreshXLowQ).
▪ The Squal value of the serving cell is less than the threshServingLowQ
broadcast in SIB3 and the Squal value of the evaluated neighboring UTRAN
FDD cell is greater than the threshX-LowQ broadcast in SIB6
(UTRANNFREQ.ThreshXLowQ) during the predefined cell reselection time
broadcast in SIB6.
▪ The Srxlev value of the serving cell is less than the threshServingLow
broadcast in SIB3 and the Srxlev value of the evaluated neighboring UTRAN
TDD cell is greater than the threshX-Low broadcast in SIB6
(UTRANNFREQ.ThreshXLow) during the predefined cell reselection time
broadcast in SIB6.
broadcast in SIB3 and the Srxlev value of the evaluated neighboring GERAN
cell is greater than the threshX-Low broadcast in SIB7
(GERANNFREQGROUP.ThreshXLow) during the predefined cell reselection
time broadcast in SIB7.
▪ The Srxlev value of the evaluated neighboring CDMA2000 cell is greater
than the threshX-LowQ broadcast in SIB8
(CDMA2000BANDCLASS.Cdma2000HrpdThreshXLow) during the
predefined cell reselection time broadcast in SIB8.
• If SIB3 does not contain the value of ThreshServingLowQ, a UE performs reselection to
a lower-priority inter-frequency or inter-RAT cell when all following conditions are met:
▫ No cell meets the criteria for reselection to higher-priority cells.
broadcast in SIB3 (CELLRESEL.ThrshServLow) and the Srxlev value of the
evaluated neighboring E-UTRAN cell is greater than the threshX-Low
broadcast in SIB5 (EUTRANINTERNFREQ.ThreshXLow) during the
evaluated neighboring UTRAN cell is greater than the threshX-Low
broadcast in SIB6 (UTRANNFREQ.ThreshXLow) during the predefined cell
reselection time broadcast in SIB6.
evaluated neighboring GERAN cell is greater than the threshX-Low
broadcast in SIB7 (GERANNFREQGROUP.ThreshXLow) during the
▪ The Srxlev value of the evaluated neighboring CDMA2000 cell is greater
than the threshX-Low broadcast in SIB8
(CDMA2000BANDCLASS.Cdma2000HrpdThreshXLow) during the

• ThrshServLowQCfgInd
▫ Parameter Name: Serving frequency lower priority RSRQ threshold configure
indicator
▫ Meaning: Indicates whether to set the RSRQ threshold for reselection to cells on
the serving frequency.
▫ GUI Value Range: NOT_CFG(Not configure), CFG(Configure)
▫ Actual Value Range: NOT_CFG, CFG
▫ Unit: None
• ThrshServLowQ
▫ Parameter Name: Serving frequency lower priority RSRQ threshold
▫ Meaning: Indicates the RSRQ threshold for cell reselection to cells on lower-
priority frequencies. It determines the probability of triggering cell reselection to
inter-frequency or inter-RAT neighboring cells on lower-priority frequencies. With
other conditions unchanged, a smaller value of this parameter leads to a lower
probability of reselection to an inter-frequency or inter-RAT cell on lower-priority
frequencies, and a larger value of this parameter leads to a higher probability.
▫ Unit: dB

• ThrshServLow
▫ Parameter Name: Serving frequency lower priority threshold
▫ Meaning: Indicates the threshold used in the evaluation of reselection to a cell on

a lower priority E-UTRAN frequency or on an inter-RAT frequency. Cell
reselection to a cell on a lower priority E-UTRAN frequency or on an inter-RAT
frequency is performed if no cell on the serving frequency or on a higher priority
E-UTRAN frequency fulfills criteria 1 for inter-frequency and inter-RAT reselection.
A smaller value of this parameter indicates a lower probability of the reselection
to a low priority inter-frequency/inter-RAT cell. A larger value results in a higher
probability.
▫ Unit: 2dB
• Run the MOD EUTRANINTERNFREQ command to set the low-priority RSRQ threshold
for inter-frequency neighboring frequency band.
• Run the MOD UTRANNFREQ command (high-risk command) to set the low-priority
RSRQ threshold for UTRAN FDD neighboring frequency band.
• ThreshXLowQ
▫ Parameter Name: Inter frequency/UTRAN low priority RSRQ threshold
▫ Meaning: Indicates the RSRQ-based minimum RX level required for an inter-

frequency/UTRAN neighboring cell on the frequency to become a candidate for
reselection if the RSRQ-based priority of the frequency is lower than that of the
serving frequency. With other conditions unchanged, a larger value of this
parameter results in a lower probability of reselection to a neighboring cell on
the frequency, and a smaller value results in a higher probability.
▫ Unit: dB
• Run the MOD EUTRANINTERNFREQ, MOD UTRANNFREQ (high-risk command), MOD

CDMA2000BANDCLASS, or MOD GERANNFREQGROUP command to set the lower
priority threshold for E-UTRAN, UTRAN, CDMA2000, or GERAN frequency band.
• ThreshXLow/Cdma2000HrpdThreshXLow
▫ Parameter Name: Inter frequency/inter RAT lower priority threshold
▫ Meaning: Indicates the minimum RX level required for a neighboring cell on the
frequency to become a candidate for reselection if the priority of the frequency is
lower than that of the serving frequency. After measurements are started for
neighboring cells on the frequency, the UE reselects to a neighboring cell on the
frequency only if the RX level of the serving cell is lower than the ThrshServLow
parameter value and that of the cell is higher than the value specified by this
parameter for a time-to-trigger. With other conditions unchanged, a larger value
of this parameter results in a lower probability of reselection to a neighboring
cell on the frequency, and a smaller value results in a higher probability.
▫ GUI Value Range: 0~31 (E-UTRAN/UTRAN/GERAN), -63~0 (CDMA2000)
▫ Actual Value Range: 0~62 (E-UTRAN/UTRAN/GERAN), -31.5~0 (CDMA2000)
▫ Unit: 2dB (E-UTRAN/UTRAN/GERAN), 0.5dB (CDMA2000)

• A UE determines its speed based on the system information broadcast by the eNodeB.
The details are as follows:
▫ If the number of reselection cells does not exceed n-CellChangeMedium

(configured in the CellResel.NCellChangeMedium parameter) and n-
CellChangeHigh (configured in the CellResel.NCellChangeHigh parameter) within
both the t-Evaluation period (configured in the CellResel.TEvaluation parameter)
and the subsequent t-HystNormal period (configured in
the CellResel.THystNormal parameter), the UE is a normal-speed UE.
▫ If the number of reselected cells is greater than n-CellChangeMedium but less

than or equal to n-CellChangeHigh within the t-Evaluation period, the UE is a
medium-speed UE.
▫ If the number of reselected cells is greater than n-CellChangeHigh within the t-

Evaluation period, the UE is a high-speed UE.

• TEvaluation
▫ Parameter Name: The duration for evaluating criteria to enter mobility states
▫ Meaning: Indicates the duration in which the mobility status of the UE is

evaluated. A smaller value of this parameter leads to a lower probability of the
UE entering the high-mobility or medium-mobility state and a smaller impact of
the mobility status on cell reselection. A larger value of this parameter leads to
the opposite effects.
▫ GUI Value Range: S30_T_EVALULATION(30s), S60_T_EVALULATION(60s),

S120_T_EVALULATION(120s), S180_T_EVALULATION(180s),
S240_T_EVALULATION(240s)
▫ Actual Value Range: S30_T_EVALULATION, S60_T_EVALULATION,

S120_T_EVALULATION, S180_T_EVALULATION, S240_T_EVALULATION
▫ Unit: s
• THystNormal
▫ Parameter Name: Additional time hysteresis for normal speed
▫ Meaning: Indicates the extra duration required in the evaluation before the UE
can enter the normal-mobility state. A larger value of this parameter leads to a
lower probability of the UE entering the normal-mobility state, a lower
probability of adjustment of reselection-related parameters, and a smaller impact
of UE speed variation on cell reselection.
▫ GUI Value Range: S30_T_HYST_NORMAL(30s), S60_T_HYST_NORMAL(60s),

S120_T_HYST_NORMAL(120s), S180_T_HYST_NORMAL(180s),
S240_T_HYST_NORMAL(240s)
▫ Actual Value Range: S30_T_HYST_NORMAL, S60_T_HYST_NORMAL,

S120_T_HYST_NORMAL, S180_T_HYST_NORMAL, S240_T_HYST_NORMAL
▫ Unit: dB
• NCellChangeMedium
▫ Parameter Name: The number of cell changes to enter medium mobility state
▫ Meaning: Indicates the threshold of the number of cell reselections, which is used
for a UE to enter the medium-mobility state. A larger value of this parameter
indicates a lower probability of a UE entering the medium-mobility state. In this
case, the reselection-related parameters are not adjusted and cell reselections are
more difficult to trigger. A smaller value of this parameter leads to the opposite
effects.
▫ Unit: None
• NCellChangeHigh
▫ Parameter Name: The number of cell changes to enter high mobility state
▫ Meaning: Indicates the threshold of the number of cell reselections, which is used
for a UE to enter the high-mobility state. A larger value of this parameter
indicates a lower probability of a UE entering the high-mobility state. In this case,
reselection-related parameters are not adjusted and cell reselections are more
difficult to trigger. A smaller value of this parameter leads to the opposite effects.
▫ Unit: None
• TReselEutranSfMedium
▫ Parameter Name: Scaling factor of TReselEutran in medium mobility state
▫ Meaning: Indicates the scaling factor applied to TReselEutran for medium-
mobility UEs. The actual duration of cell reselection for medium-mobility UEs to
E-UTRAN is equal to the product of TReselEutran and TReselEutranSfMedium.
▫ GUI Value Range: T_RESEL_SF_0DOT25(0.25), T_RESEL_SF_0DOT5(0.5),
T_RESEL_SF_0DOT75(0.75), T_RESEL_SF_1DOT0(1.0)
▫ Actual Value Range: T_RESEL_SF_0DOT25, T_RESEL_SF_0DOT5,
T_RESEL_SF_0DOT75, T_RESEL_SF_1DOT0
▫ Unit: None
• TReselEutranSfHigh
▫ Parameter Name: Scaling factor of TReselEutran in high mobility state
▫ Meaning: Indicates the scaling factor applied to TReselEutran for high-mobility
UEs. The actual duration of cell reselection of high-mobility UEs to E-UTRAN is
equal to TReselEutran multiplied by TReselEutranSfHigh.
▫ GUI Value Range: T_RESEL_SF_0DOT25(0.25), T_RESEL_SF_0DOT5(0.5),
T_RESEL_SF_0DOT75(0.75), T_RESEL_SF_1DOT0(1.0)
▫ Actual Value Range: T_RESEL_SF_0DOT25, T_RESEL_SF_0DOT5,
T_RESEL_SF_0DOT75, T_RESEL_SF_1DOT0
▫ Unit: None
• QHystSfMedium
▫ Parameter Name: Additional hysteresis for medium speed
▫ Meaning: Indicates the scaling factor (or known as additional hysteresis) applied
to Qhyst for medium-mobility UEs. A smaller value of this parameter results in a
greater impact of the UE mobility state on the hysteresis for cell reselection,
which leads to a higher probability of cell reselection. A larger value leads to the
opposite effects.
▫ GUI Value Range: DB_6_Q_HYST_SF_MEDIUM(-6dB),
DB_4_Q_HYST_SF_MEDIUM(-4dB), DB_2_Q_HYST_SF_MEDIUM(-2dB),
DB0_Q_HYST_SF_MEDIUM(0dB)
▫ Actual Value Range: DB_6_Q_HYST_SF_MEDIUM, DB_4_Q_HYST_SF_MEDIUM,
DB_2_Q_HYST_SF_MEDIUM, DB0_Q_HYST_SF_MEDIUM
• QHystSfHigh
▫ Parameter Name: Additional hysteresis for high speed
▫ Meaning: Indicates the scaling factor (or known as additional hysteresis) applied
to Qhyst for high-mobility UEs. A smaller value of this parameter results in a
greater impact of the UE mobility state on the hysteresis for cell reselection,
which leads to a higher probability of cell reselection. A larger value leads to the
opposite effects.
▫ GUI Value Range: DB_6_Q_HYST_SF_HIGH(-6dB), DB_4_Q_HYST_SF_HIGH(-4dB),
DB_2_Q_HYST_SF_HIGH(-2dB), DB0_Q_HYST_SF_HIGH(0dB)
▫ Actual Value Range: DB_6_Q_HYST_SF_HIGH, DB_4_Q_HYST_SF_HIGH,
DB_2_Q_HYST_SF_HIGH, DB0_Q_HYST_SF_HIGH
▫ Unit: dB
• Blacklisted cells are identified by PCIs. Start physical cell ID and Physical cell ID range
can be defined for blacklisted cells using MML commands.
• Note that the blacklisted cells described above have impacts only on cell reselection of
UEs in idle mode, but not on UEs performing handovers.
• After a UE attaches to a network or performs TAU, the network allocates the UE a TAL
and the UE registers all the TAs contained in this TAL on the MME. All these TAs are
used as the UE location area. When a UE moves between TAs in a TAL, the TA change
does not lead to a TAU. If a UE in idle mode needs to be paged, all TAs in the TAL are
paged or some TAs in the TAL are paged based on some optimization algorithms. In
this way, updated signaling load and the paging area in a TA are balanced. The TAU is
performed only when a UE moves out of the current TA. The MME allocates another
TAL to the UE.
• A UE sends a TAU request when any of the following conditions is met (For details, see
3GPP TS 23.401):
▫ The UE detects that it has entered a new TA when it finds that the TAI in the SI is
different from any TAI stored in its USIM.
▫ The periodic TAU timer expires. This timer length is delivered to the UE through a
non-access stratum (NAS) message.
▫ The UE in a GERAN or UTRAN cell attempts to reselect an E-UTRAN cell.
▫ The RRC connection is released due to load balancing.
▫ The information about UE capabilities stored in the EPC changes.
▫ The information about Discontinuous Reception (DRX) parameters changes. For

details, see "Paging."
• The UE informs the EPC of its TA by TAU. The EPC will send paging messages to all
eNodeBs in the TA.
• UEs are notified of cell status by the following information in SIB1:
▫ cellBarred: specifies whether a cell is barred. The cell barred status is set by the
CellAccess.CellBarred parameter. If a cell belongs to multiple PLMNs, the cell
barred status is shared by all these PLMNs.
▫ cellReservedForOperatorUse: specifies whether a cell is a reserved cell. The cell

reserved status is specified by the CellOp.CellReservedForOp parameter. Each
PLMN has its own cell reserved status.
• Access classes are used to control UE access on the radio interface. There are 16 access
classes, numbered from 0 to 15. The information about access classes 0 to 9, and 11 to
15 is stored in USIMs. The information about access class 10, indicating whether cells
allow emergency calls, is signaled to the UEs through system information broadcast.
▫ Access classes 0 to 9 are ordinary classes. Each UE is randomly allocated one out
of these ten classes. UEs of these classes can obtain services in their HPLMN,
EPLMNs, and VPLMNs.
▫ Access classes 11 to 15 are special classes. They are allocated to specific high-
priority users. Each UE may be allocated one or more of the five classes. These
special access classes are described as follows:
▪ Class 11: for PLMN use
▪ Class 15: for PLMN staff
▪ Class 12: for security services
▪ Class 13: for public utilities
▪ Class 14: for emergency services

• If a cell is barred, UEs behave as follows during cell selection and reselection
procedures:
▫ The UEs cannot select or reselect this cell, not even for emergency calls.
▫ When intraFreqReselection in SIB1 indicates that intra-frequency reselection is

allowed and reselection criteria are fulfilled, the UEs may select an intra-
frequency cell of the barred cell. If intra-frequency reselection is not allowed, the
UEs do not reselect a cell on the same frequency as the barred cell.
• The PCCHCfg.PagingSentNum parameter specifies the number of paging messages

sent over the air interface, and this parameter can be modified to increase the
probability that a UE successfully receives the paging message. The paging message
contains the domain information and UE identity. The domain information indicates
the network element (NE) triggering paging, and the UE identity may be the S-
temporary mobile subscriber identity (S-TMSI) or IMSI of the UE.
• To ensure that all the UEs in connected mode and idle mode receive the system
information, the eNodeB sends the paging messages on all possible occasions in
discontinuous reception (DRX) cycles.
• The frames that paging messages are transmitted over the Uu interface are fixed.
These fixed positions are indicated by the paging frames (PFs) and the paging occasion
(PO) subframes. One PF is one radio frame, which may contain one or more POs, as
shown in the above figure. One PO is a subframe containing the paging radio network
temporary identifier (P-RNTI), which is transmitted over the PDCCH. In accordance
with 3GPP specifications, the P-RNTI value is fixed. UEs read paging messages over the
physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) according to the P-RNTI.
• Calculation of DRX cycles by the UE
▫ When a UE specific paging cycle is not used, the UE uses the defaultPagingCycle
IE value broadcast in SIB2 by the eNodeB as its DRX cycle. The
defaultPagingCycle IE value is specified by the PCCHCfg.DefaultPagingCycle
parameter.
▫ When the UE specific paging cycle is used, the UE notifies the MME of the paging
cycle length using NAS messages. In addition, the UE compares the UE specific
paging cycle length with the defaultPagingCycle IE value and uses the smaller
one as its DRX cycle.
• Calculation of DRX cycles by the eNodeB
▫ If the MME has specified a paging DRX cycle in a paging message, the eNodeB
compares the paging DRX cycle length with the DefaultPagingCycle IE value, and
uses the smaller one as the paging DRX cycle.
▫ If the MME does not specify a paging DRX cycle in a paging message, the
eNodeB uses the defaultPagingCycle IE value as the paging DRX cycle.
• The variables in these formulas are as follows:
▫ T is the length of a DRX cycle. It is determined by the UE-specific shortest DRX

cycle. The value of T can be either signaled from the NAS or specified by the
DefaultPagingCycle parameter. If the NAS indicates the DRX cycle, the UE uses
the smaller value between the value signaled from the NAS and the value of
DefaultPagingCycle. If the NAS does not indicate the DRX cycle, the value of T is
determined by DefaultPagingCycle.
▫ N is min(T, nB). The PCCHCfg.Nb parameter specifies nB. It can be set to 4T, 2T,
T, T/2, T/4, T/8, T/16, or T/32.
▫ Ns is max(1, nB/T).
▫ UE_ID equals IMSI mod 1024. If a UE without an IMSI makes an emergency call,
the UE uses the default UE_ID value of 0.
FDD Subframe Patterns:
Ns PO when i_s=0 PO when i_s=1 PO when i_s=2 PO when i_s=3
1 9 N/A N/A N/A

2 4 9 N/A N/A
4 0 4 5 9
TDD Subframe Patterns:
Ns PO when i_s=0 PO when i_s=1 PO when i_s=2 PO when i_s=3
1 0 N/A N/A N/A

2 0 5 N/A N/A
4 0 1 5 6
• Paging channel configuration examples:
▫ Example 1:
▫ Example 2:
▫ Example 3:
▫ Example 4:
• Assume that UE IMSI = 460030912120201. UE ID = IMSI mod 1024 so that UE ID =

460030912120201 mod 1024 = 393. The PF and PO of the UE is calculated as follows:
• The PF is calculated as follows:
▫ T = DefaultPagingCycle; NB = Nb, NB = 1T: N = min(T, NB) = 1T = 128rf.
▫ (T div N) x (UE_ID mod N) = (128 div 128) x (393 mod 128) = 9:
▪ If SFN = 9, SFN mod 128 = 9, The condition of format 1: SFN mod T = (T
div N) x (UE_ID mod N) is met, and therefore PF_0(SFN) = 9.
▪ Other PFs: PF_n(SFN) = PF_0 + n x T (n = 0, 1, 2, …, calculation result less
than 1023), for example, PF_1 = 137. In this manner, the following SFNs are
all PFs: 9, 137, 265, 393, 521, 649, 777, and 905. The SFNs such as 9 and
137 meet the calculation result using format 1.
• The PO is calculated as follows:
▫ Ns = max(1, NB/T), Ns = 1.
▫ i_s = floor(UE_ID/N) mod Ns, i_s = floor(393/128) mod 1 = 0.
▫ According to the Ns and i_s values, PO = 0 is obtained from Table 2 TDD
subframe patterns.
• According to the above calculation results, the PF and PO of the UE are as follows:
▫ PF(SFN) = 9, 137, 265, 393, 521, 649, 777, and 905.
▫ PO(Subframe) = 0.
• Run the MOD PCCHCFG (high-risk command) command to set paging-related

parameters for eNodeB.
• DefaultPagingCycle
▫ Parameter Name: Default paging cycle
▫ Meaning: Indicates the default paging period for the cell. The values of this
parameter and the NB parameter determine the number of paging occasions,
that is, the number of paging groups. A larger value of this parameter may lead
to a longer delay in paging a UE but help reduce the power consumption of the
UE. A smaller value of this parameter may lead to a shorter delay in paging a UE
but cause more power consumption of the UE. If the EPC specifies a DRX period
for a UE, the UE uses the smaller value between the period and the parameter
value as its DRX period.
▫ GUI Value Range: rf32(32 radio frames), rf64(64 radio frames), rf128(128 radio
frames), rf256(256 radio frames)
▫ Actual Value Range: rf32, rf64, rf128, rf256
▫ Unit: None
• Nb
▫ Parameter Name: NB
▫ Meaning: Indicates the number of paging occasions (a type of subframe) within a

paging period. This parameter value also indicates the number of paging groups
within a paging period. For a certain paging load, a larger value of this
parameter indicates a larger paging capacity during a specific period, and a
smaller value of this parameter indicates a smaller paging capacity during a
specific period.
▫ GUI Value Range: FOURT, TWOT, ONET, HALFT, QUARTERT, ONE_EIGHTT,

ONE_SIXTEENTHT, ONE_THIRTY_SECONDT
▫ Actual Value Range: FOURT, TWOT, ONET, HALFT, QUARTERT, ONE_EIGHTT,

ONE_SIXTEENTHT, ONE_THIRTY_SECONDT
▫ Unit: None
• Set paging related parameters for eNodeB through MOD PCCHCFG (high-risk
command).
• PagingSentNum
▫ Parameter Name: Paging Sent Number
▫ Meaning: Indicates the number of paging messages transmitted to UEs over the
air interface. If this parameter is set to a value greater than 1, paging messages
are transmitted more than once to UEs over the air interface as configured. This
increases the probability that UEs receive the paging messages and assists the
EPC in ensuring delivery reliability. However, resource consumption on the air
interface also increases. If a great number of paging messages are transmitted,
the probability of congestion increases.
▫ Unit: None
• Answer to question 1: The major activities of a UE in idle mode include PLMN selection,
cell selection and reselection, and tracking area registration.
• Answer to question 2: When a UE transits from connected mode to idle mode or after
it selects a PLMN, the UE must select a cell to camp on.
• Answer to question 3: When a UE properly camps on a cell, the UE periodically
searches for a better cell based on the cell reselection rules, aiming to camp on a
better cell. This process is referred to as cell reselection.
• Answer to question 4: Receipt of an SI update notification in a paging message from
the eNodeB; three hours elapse since the last time the UE receives the previous SI;
receipt of an ETWS notification indicated in a paging message from the eNodeB.

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Idle Mode Management

Idle Mode Management

• In idle mode, a UE can perform:

• Run the MOD RRCCONNSTATETIMER command to set this parameter.

▫ Parameter Name: Ue inactive timer

▫ GUI Value Range: 0~3600

▫ Actual Value Range: 0~3600

• When a UE is powered on or recovers from lack of coverage:

• The initial PLMN selection priority is as follows:

▫ Each PLMN/radio technology combination in the User Controlled PLMN Selector

▫ Each PLMN/radio technology combination in the Operator Controlled PLMN

▫ Other high-quality PLMN/radio technology combinations, in a random order. If

▫ Other PLMN/radio technology combinations in order of decreasing signal quality.

▫ The Stored Information Cell Selection procedure requires stored information

▪ If the UE finds a Suitable Cell, it selects that cell to camp on.

• Cell search is a procedure in which a UE achieves time and frequency synchronization

▫ The UE monitors the PSS to achieve clock synchronization accurate to within 5

▫ The UE reads information on the broadcast channel (BCH) to acquire related

• ETWS: earthquake and tsunami warning system

▫ Parameter Name: SIBx period (x = 2, 3, …, 16)

▫ modificationPeriodCoeff is the coefficient of the modification period, indicating

▫ Parameter Name: Modification period coefficient

▫ GUI Value Range: MOD_PERIOD_COEFF_N2(2), MOD_PERIOD_COEFF_N4(4),

▫ Actual Value Range: MOD_PERIOD_COEFF_N2, MOD_PERIOD_COEFF_N4,

• The Stored Information Cell Selection procedure is as follows:

▫ The UE searches known carrier frequencies for a Suitable Cell.

▫ If a Suitable Cell is found, the UE selects this cell to camp on.

▫ If a Suitable Cell is found, the UE selects this cell to camp on.

▫ Where, Srxlev = Qrxlevmeas – (Qrxlevmin + Qrxlevminoffset) – Pcompensation

▫ Squal = Qqualmeas – (Qqualmin + Qqualminoffset)

▫ Pcompensation is the result of the function: max(PMax – UE Maximum Output

• Run the MOD CELLSEL command to set these parameters.

▫ Parameter Name: Minimum required RX level

▫ GUI Value Range: -70~-22

▫ Actual Value Range: -140~-44

▫ Parameter Name: Minimum required RX quality level

▫ Meaning: Indicates the minimum required received signal quality, which

▫ GUI Value Range: -34~-3,0

▫ Actual Value Range: -34~-3,0

▫ IE Delivery: When the CellResel.ThrshServLowQCfgInd parameter is set to CFG, or

• Run the MOD CELLSEL command to set these parameters.

▫ Parameter Name: Minimum required RX level offset

▫ GUI Value Range: 0~8

▫ Actual Value Range: 0~16

▫ Parameter Name: Minimum required RX quality level offset

▫ GUI Value Range: 1~8

▫ Actual Value Range: 1~8

▫ This parameter is optional, depending on the setting of the

▫ Parameter Name: Max transmit power allowed

▫ GUI Value Range: -30~36

▫ Actual Value Range: -30~36

▫ This parameter is optional, depending on the setting of the UePowerMaxCfgInd

• A cell reselection procedure is as follows:

• A UE camping on a cell may attempt to reselect another high-quality cell to camp on

• If CELLRESEL.SIntraSearchCfgInd is set to NOT_CFG, s-IntraSearch is not broadcast in

• Run the MOD CELLRESEL command to set these parameters.

• Both s-NonIntraSearch and s-NonIntraSearchP are specified by the

▫ Parameter Name: RSRQ Threshold for non-intra frequency measurements

▫ Meaning: Indicates the RSRQ threshold for starting inter-frequency or inter-RAT

▫ GUI Value Range: 0~31

▫ Actual Value Range: 0~31

• During cell reselection, intra-frequency or equal-priority inter-frequency neighboring

▫ Qmeas_n is the measured RSRP of the neighboring cell, expressed in units of