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Industrial Hygiene tranhaiung@gmail.com

 Law and Regulation
Process Safety Management (OSHA)
Process safety information
Process hazards analysis
Operating procedures
Employees participation
Training
Contractors
Pre-startup review
 Law and Regulation
Process Safety Management (OSHA)
Mechanical integrity
Hot work permit
Management of change
Incident investigation
Emergency planning and response
Compliance audits
Trade secrete
 Law and Regulation
Risk Management Plan (EPA)
Process safety information
Hazard evaluation
Standard operating procedures
Training
Pre-startup review
Maintenance
 Law and Regulation
Risk Management Plan (EPA)
Management of change
Accident investigations
Emergency response
Safety audits
Risk assessment
Law and Regulation
 Industrial Hygiene: Identification
Identify and solve potential problem by
Industrial hygienists
Process designers
Operators
Laboratory personnel
Management
 Industrial Hygiene: Identification
Resource: chemical process, operating
conditions, operating procedures
Process design description
Operating instructions
Safety reviews
Equipment vendor description
Information from chemicals suppliers
Information from operating personnel
Industrial Hygiene: Identification
Industrial Hygiene: Identification
Industrial Hygiene: Identification
 Industrial Hygiene: Identification
MSDS (Material Safety Data Sheet)
Section 1: Company information
Section 2: Hazardous Ingredients/identity
information
Section 3: Physical/chemical characteristics
Section 4: Fires and explosion hazard data
Section 5: Reactivity data
Section 6: Health hazard data
Section 7: Precaution for safe handling and use
Section 8: Control measures
 Industrial Hygiene: Evaluation
• Exposure to toxicants and physical hazards
• Existing control measures
• Likelihood of large leaks
• Likelihood of small leaks
 Evaluation-Volatile toxicants
• Giá trị TLV-TWA:

• Hỗn hợp nhiều chất độc

 Industrial Hygiene: Evaluation-Dust
• Respirable particle size: 0.2-0.5m
• Concentration of dust:
– mg/m3 or
– Mppcf (millions of particles per cubic foot)
• Example:
 Industrial Hygiene: Evaluation-noise
• Decibel:

• Absolute sound scale-absolute decibel (dBA):

hearing threshold is set at 0dBA
Industrial Hygiene: Evaluation-noise
 Industrial Hygiene: Evaluation-noise
• Permissible noise exposures
Estimating toxic vapors

k=0.1-0.5
 Estimating vaporization rate of liquid
• In general

• Approximation
 Estimating vaporization rate of liquid
• Mass transfer coefficient K

• Ko=0.83cm/s
• Mo=18
• M=molecular weight of liquid substance
Estimating vaporization rate during
filling operation
 Industrial hygiene: Control-1
• Enclosures: enclose rooms or equipment and
place under negative pressure
• Typical techniques:
 Industrial hygiene: Control-2
• Local ventilation: contain and exhaust hazardous
substances
• Typical techniques:
 Industrial hygiene: Control-3
• Dilution ventilation: Design ventilation system to
control low-level toxics
• Typical techniques:
 Industrial hygiene: Control-4
• Wet method: Use wet methods to minimize
contamination with dusts
• Typical techniques:
 Industrial hygiene: Control-5
• Good house keeping: Keep toxicants and dusts
contained
• Typical techniques:
 Industrial hygiene: Control-6
• Personal protection: As last line of defense
• Typical techniques:
 Industrial hygiene: Control-6
• Personal protective equipment
 Industrial hygiene: Control-6
• Respirators
 Industrial hygiene: Control-7
• Ventilation
– Can quickly remove flammable and toxic substances
– Can be highly localized, reducing the quantity of air
moved and equipment size
– Readily available and easily installed
– Can be added to an existing facility

– Dilute the contaminant below the target

concentration
– Remove the contaminant before workers are
exposed
 Industrial hygiene: Control-7
• Ventilation
– Positive pressure ventilation
– Negative pressure ventilation (the best choice)
 Industrial hygiene: Control-8
• Local Ventilation: the hood
– Enclosed hood
 Industrial hygiene: Control-8
• Local Ventilation: the hood
– Exterior hood
 Industrial hygiene: Control-8
• Local Ventilation: the hood
– Receiving hood
 Industrial hygiene: Control-8
• Local Ventilation: the hood
– Push pull hood
 Industrial hygiene: Control-9
• Dilution Ventilation
– The contamination must not be highly toxic
– The contamination must be evolved at a uniform rate
– Workers must remain a suitable distance from the
source to ensure proper dilution of the contaminant
– Scrubbing system must not be required to treat the
air before exhaust into the environment
 Industrial hygiene: Control-9
• Dilution Ventilation