NATIONAL ‘GEOGRAPHIC LEARNING. bd t bd - SECOND EDITIONCENGAGE = Learning” ‘Assails Jon = Korea = Nene = Sapna» Sp «United gd «Ute Stesetic | a¥e CENGAGE EARNING = Learning Close-up B1+ Workbook Second Edition ‘Angela Healan Diana Shotton Publicher: Sue Trory Development Editor: Kayeigh Buller Editorial Assistant: Georgina McComb “Text/Cover Designer: Ken Val Graphic Design ‘Compositor: Ken Vall Graphic Design ‘Content Project Manager: Cathy Reay Kamera National Geographic Editeril Liaison: Lele Hishmeh © 2015 National Geographic Learning, as part of Cengage Learning ALLRIGHTS RESERVED. 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C521) Listen again and check your answers.Find and correct the mistakes in the sentences. You really mustn’t have shouted at the customer like that! Daniel can’t have worked very hard. He was promoted to manager! The volunteers must had spent a lot of time fixing the well in the village. Jeremy isn't here, He must have leave for work already. You couldn't have made a coffee for the boss; she's already got one. “sams The doctor could has treated more people, but there wasn't any medicine. 7 That can't have being Rosemary you saw; she’s in Australia. Your assistant mustn't have been more helpful; you're lucky to have her. eVoununas | wes waiting for my first ever job interview. Nervously, | looked at my reflection inthe window. | thought that | (1) have worn a darker suit but | didn’t have one. | (2) ___ have borrowed one from my brother, and I'm sure he (3) have lent it to me, but | don't like borrowing things. ‘Oh well, |(4)______do anything about it row,’ thought. Next, looked at my hair. Although I'd been to the hairdresser's and had had it cut for the interview, I(5)________ have gone to the trouble — it was already short enough without the cut The door opened and @ man with long heir, wearing shorts and a Tshirt, walked in. He (6) _______be the cleaner’ I thought as continued to wait: | (7)________have ignored him as he tured out to be the boss! ‘Well, Stanley he said all of a sudden. "You need to be clean, friendly and on time ‘to work at Yurmmy Burger. Do you think you (8)_________do that?" Startled, | nodded ... and i got the job! » Pse Your tnglish Sen ee Nee Gee | Read the Exam Reminder and complete the Exam Task. Learning collocations and expressions * Remember that collocations and . Exam Task | expressions ate often included in these |) : wromsinounaneaanommcniiecmmaemnec | ; ; 8 Tor questions 1-8, read the text below and think of the word i aiees: Gt sian tat a ‘which best fits each gap. Use only one word in each gap. _* Keep a lst to help you team them. S _ ee You're the worst! There are awards for everything, from the MTV Music Awards and the Academy Awards for films (1) _________ Nobel Prizes in a range of fields including literature and the sciences. You could, in fact, say that we have lots of awards that recognise the achievements of those who set their (2)_______on becoming the best in the world, and eucceed. But what about flops? Don't they deserve (3) own special awards, too? Welcome (4)_________the Golden Raspberry Awards, also known (5) the Razzies, an award ceremony that is held in Los Angeles every year to recognise the worst films, actors and directors (6) ____ the planet. The ceremony is held one day before the Academy Awards. In a remarkable achievement, Sandra Bullock won (7) Golden Raspberry for Worst Actress in 2010 for her role in the film ‘All About Steve’, and then won the Academy Award for Best Actress the following night for her performance in ‘The Blind Side’. The fRazzie might have brought her luck! Bullgck (8)_________have a great sense of humour because not only did she happily accept her Razzie in person, but she also handed out DVDs of ‘All About Steve’ to members of the audience at the ceremony!B For questions 1-8, read the text below. Use the word given in capitals at the end of some of the lines to form a word that fits in the gap in the same line. 1 neem — Remember the Spartans Ancient Sparta is mainly remembered for its rmiltary (1) particularly — ACCOMPLIS} the heroic defence under King Leonidas of the ppass at Thermopylae in 480 BC. It was a society @)__toits kings, and = DEVOTE characterised by discipline and physical fitness; @ tough society in which failure was not tolerated. But Sparta was more than that. This celebrated f society is still (3) GREAT admired today, as much for its laws, its system of education and its culture as for its military (a) and the courage of | ACHIEVE its citizens. The Spartans weren't interested in riches or wealth, They didn’t care for (5) —_—___— — POSSESS They didn’t wear expensive 6 proferring to dress JEWEL as simply as possible. In fact, they didn’t even have coins; instead of gold or silver, they used iron bars to buy things. The only ¢ (7) _____ thing Spertan VALUE citizens owned was their land. Our moder ideas of ‘success’ would have been ridiculed by this @ society. RENOWN _ saat : wei i I | C For questions 1-8, complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first sentence, | using the word given. Do net change the word given. You must use between two and five words, \eluding the word given. | 1. Do you think Mina sent the package yesterday? 5. Nigel realised it would have been better to stay at | could university. Do you think Mina should the package Nigel realised he i yesterday? at univers | 2. Martin was silly not to do what the careers adviser 6 You bought @ new computer, but | could have giver told him to do. you my old one. should bought Martin hat You a 7 anew the careers adviser told him to do. computer. : 3. Anne's car is here, so perhaps she took the train to 7 Iwish | hadn't spoken so rudely to the interviewer, work. shouldn't might 1 sorely Anne the to the interviewer. p Saliba 8 I'm sure it wasn't Leo you saw yesterday; he's in Kal ) 4 Obviously, the professor didn't lock the laboratory ‘couldn't i door, ‘ tt Leo you locked saw yesterday; he's in Italy. The professor ________ the laboratory door.Rctiliae(aee Presenting arguments in formal essays ‘+ When presenting your arguments in a formal ‘essay, your tone should be neutral and objective. + Be careful not to exaggerate, generalise, or be too emotional because you will weaken your arguments, *+ Avoid using informal language such 2s colloquial expressions, phrasal verbs and contractions. riting: an opinion essay [A Tick the kind of language that is informal. 4 clauses of reason phrasal verbs contractions colourful idioms clauses of contrast colloquial expressions Pt oman o0o00000 IB Read the newspaper extract and writing task below and then circle the correct words. What value is there in helping others? How else can we help other people? Write an essay discussing your ‘opinions using specific examples. (140-190 words) 1 You will write an Reais. 2. You will answer Sis qiaston / Te GSAS 3. You will use Iai! IAfSEHBI language 4. You i738 write about Henry Bigglesworth. * today. Mr ae ne decided to set up a oun for teenagers with his own money. Iie become Read the model essay and underline the words in the essay that mean the same as these informal sentences. 1. People only think of themselves these days. 2. The old stuff we don’t want could be really great for someone else. 3 Everyone should work together to make things better. iN (Our culture tends to put the individual and personal achievement fist. 7 However, there is also great value in helping other people. ‘There are many people who cannot manage alone because they are too sick, +00 old or too poor. We should all try to help others, and this can be very rewarding, We often feel more motivated in our own lives if we are doing something good for someone else as well as ourselves. i ‘We can help other people in many different ways. Firstly, we can offer help to those who cannot leave their homes, like sick or old people. A small act of kindness such as doing their shopping makes an enormous difference to their lives. To help the poor, we can donate clothes, toys and household items weno longer need. They willbe greatly appreciated. In conclusion, itis important to realise that we are not alone in this world. Consequently, working with others to overcome difficulties should be everybody's goal. the Exam Task below. Don't forget to use the Useful Expressions on page 67 of your Student's Book. setinnsensensenemnvenanerantinenenaneinmesase = AT oL ASK Teens doing good Do young people today only think ‘Anew group, Nicer Neighbours; has ust been started by tecnagersat Springtown about themselves? What can High School. the aim of the group isto provide friendship to the area’ eldery citizens, _teens do to help the community? ‘The teens spend time with them after school and at weekends." prefer spending my Write an essay discussing your {ime with Springtown’ elderly people thanWasting ton video games; lean alot opinions using specific examples. bout from thom say rad Reynolds 16 (140-190 words) iting Reference p. 185 in Student RemaA Read the Exam Reminder. Where should you Took in a text when you are asked what a word refers to? B_ Now complete the Exam Task. ee se “The Mary Rose was a great warship of Tudor England (the period from 1485 to 1603), She was builtin Portsmouth, 3 historic English port. The Mary Rose had served King Henry Villweil and had taken part in all three of his wars with the French, On July 19th, 1545, the Mary Rose was just about to go into battle again with the rest of the English fleet when she sank just off the coast of Portsmouth Nobody really knows why she sank. It might have been because of French gunfire, as the French claimed at the time, or maybe the ship was overloaded with men and guns and was simply too heavy. A popular theory is that the weather was very calm, and, all ofa sudden, a freak gust ‘of wind blew the ship over. Today, new evidence suggests that the crew were perhaps to blame for leaving the gun ports open and letting water in. Most of the crew died and the Mary Rose lay undiscovered at the bottom of the sea for 300 years until 19th century divers found the wreck and recovered some guns from the ship. In the 1940s, with better diving equipment, divers were able to bring around 20,000 objects to the surface. The ‘great dream of raising the Mary Rose off the seabed ‘inally came true in 1982, and her retains were put on show in Portsmouth’s Historic Dockyard. Only half of the ship was recovered because the rest had been destroyed by tides and saltwater, The half that had sunk into the seabed and, lain covered in mud for centuries was well preserved. This part was raised and sprayed continuously with chemicals to presene it, A new multi-million pound museum, which is built around the ship, was opened in the summer of 2013. = Remember that when you are asked what a word refers to, the answer usually comes before the word in the text. ‘+ Find the words in the text you think it refers to, then reread the sentence with the words to s0e if it makes sense. EAA TESOL TITIES “The public is able to learn the history of why the ship was built, as well as hear the theories about why she sank and also see thousands of the recovered objects. As you welk zround the museum, you are looking at a Tudor-time capsule, much like stepping back in time to Tudor England. You can see not only the guns and weapons of a warship, but all sorts of items, that tell you how people at that time lived. There are fascinating personal belongings such as combs, which even have some Tudor lice in them! A manicure set, which probably belonged to an officer, is also ‘on display and shows that personal hygiene was important, atleast to some of those on board. Possibly the oldest violin in Europe is also on clsplay, showing that the men probably enjoyed music in their free time between battles, Some materials such as leather bags and shoes have remained in ane piece and are in good condition whereas metal items are missing because they have rusted away. There are leather flasks that the men used to drink from and wooden spoons used for eating meals, Some remains of what they ate also exist in the form of bones from pigs and cows, The skeleton of a dog, whose purpose was to kill the rats on board ship, is also on display, along with the bones of such a rat, which probably drowned along with the crew. All this, is just an exciting taste of things to come, The new Mary Rose Museum will display even more fascinating ‘examples of life on a ship aver 450 years ago.Exam Task Going to read an article about a warship called the Mary Rose. For questions 1-5, You ar the answer (a, b, €or @) which you think fits bast according to the text dhoose "1 When the Mary Rose sank, 4. What does the expression Tudor time capsule ‘a. it was her first battle (para 4, line 2) mean? b she had already fought battles against the French. a objects which represent Tudor life ‘¢_ she was far from the shore. objects found on shipwrecks d_ she was about to win a battle. ¢ objects connected with war 2. Which theory has NOT been put forward to explain d_ objects on display in museums why the Mary Rose sank? 5. Which material is NOT found in the exhibits ‘a The ship was carrying too much weight. on display in the museum? bb The weather was very stormy. 2 leather € The French fleet shot at the Mary Rose. b bone d_ The crew were irresponsible. ¢ wood metal 3. What preserved half of the Mary Rose for centuries? a. the salty water special chemical sprays ¢ the mud on the seabed d_ the movernent of the waves Complete the words in the text. B Circle the odd one out. sore eeAee Cannel shape tad past war 2 depiction illustration object most famous (1) b ______in English history took 3 infection equipment _— disease piace on 14 October 1066, near the town of Hastings. It 4 ages decades identities asa(2}f____ between the Normans from northern Boal any ohcatt ince, who won, and the Anglo Saxons. To remember hes 7 Pr fhe event, itis recreated every five or six years on the plan document plot ame (3)hh_________site. The participants who make 7 ancient modern historic p the two armies come from many different 8 liberate rescue disappear )b some are (5)h___ hile others are just interested in history without jecessarily being (6) © = sitors get the opportunity not only to see the war, but 50 to experience what lfe in the 1 1th century was like. "ey con wander through @ market where crafts from the medieval ~ are demonstrated and sold and watch isplays of entertainment and everyday activi onderful opportunity to see history come alive.Grammar Past Perfect & Past Perfect Continuous A Circle the correct words. él e BBIE for the lost manuscript before he found it? Marcus: ssaaaut rel beon begiig ‘a Latin course when I saw him last week. “ign the book before the history course started. 32 documentary when the lights went out Gil Been/Seeing the exhibition already? PRSASEBESAAEASTANT the importance of his discovery. B Complete the text with the Past Perfect or the Past Perfect Continuous of the verbs in brackets. eVoaure Professor Arizona Bones was confused. He scratched his head and looked at the faded old map again. He (1) __(walk) through the rainforest for weeks in search of the legendary golden throne of the Aztecs. A clue in an ancient document (2) (bring) him to this spot. But something was wrong. According to the rap, there was @ cave next to the waterfall, but all he could see was a wall covered in plants. Could the document and the map be fakes? (3) _____ he be) stupid enough to be fooled by a hoax, like an amateur treasure hunter? He (4)___________ (buy) them from a fellow professor in a restaurant in Mexico City, Looking back now, he wondered ifthe man(5)______________ (pretend) to be an academic. ifs0, he had only himself to blame. He was $0 eager to believe the legend that he te ee {not bother) to ask too many questions. Like a fool, he gj give) the man his money and the clever ‘professor’ @) (vanish). Just then, very slowly, the plants began to move and an old man with a long, white beard came out from what appeared to be solid rock ... Listening A Read the Exam Reminder. How can your knowledge of a topic help you choose the correct answer? B 25 Listen and Sone ‘the Exam Task. You will hear a radio presenter interviewing ote For questions 1-5, listen and choose the best ansiver (a, b, cord. Using yor inode * Remember to use your knowledge of a 1. What is @ polymath? topic to help you choose the correct answer. a Itisthe name given to describe ancient science. ‘+ Before you listen, read the exam question b Itisa topic in maths. and think about what people usually talk about in that situation. ¢_Itisa name for someone who knows a lot about Th many diferent subjects, + Then read the answer options and try to d__Itis.a name for someone who is influential | aiid hina cehintieeiaeniaiae 2. Whois the most well-known philosopher? ee a Pythagoras Aristotle 4 Isaac Newton was bor in which year? b Avicenna d_ Archimedes 7 Lies s 1640 3. Many people would not have received medical b 1624 d 1642 treatment without the actions of which person? 5 What did Isaac Newton see fall from a tree? a. Julie € Iséac Newton a anapple the moon b ibn Sina d Aridétie an b abook d anant CRED Listen again and check your answers. ae