ENCLIVEY FOR MEDICAL EATRANCE E-mail: info@targetpmLin Website: www-targetpmt.in PRACTICE ASSIGNMENT-1 ATOMIC STRUCTURE What is wrong about anode rays? (1) Their e/m ratio is constant (2) They are deflected by electrical and magnetic field (3) They are produced by ionisation of molecules of the gas. (4) Their e/m ratio depends on nature of gas Which of the following statements is incorrect? (1) The energy of radiation increases with decrease in wavelength (2) Cosmic rays are electromagnetic waves. (3) Energy of radiation increases with increase in v (4) The frequency of radiation is related to wave number as v= cv When atoms of the gold sheet are bombarded by a beam of a-particles, only a few a-particles get deflected whereas most of them go straight undeflected. This is because (1) The force of attraction on a-particles by the oppositely charged electron is not sufficient (2) The nucleus occupies much smaller volume as compared to the volume of atom (3) The force of repulsion on fast moving a-particles is very small (4) The neutron in the nucleus do not have any effect on a-particles Which of the following is not a characteristic of Planck’s quantum theory of radiations? (1) Radiations are associated with energy (2) Magnitude of energy associated with a quantum is equal to hy. (3) Radiation energy is neither emitted nor absorbed continuously (4) Abody can emit less or more than a quantum of energy Which of the following statements concerning lightis false? (1) Itisa form of energy (2) Itcannot be deflected by a magnet (3) Itconsists of photons of same energy (4) Itis apart of electromagnetic spectrum Which of the following gave the idea of a nucleus of the atom? (1) Oildrop experiment (2) Davisson and Germer's experiment (3) a-tay scattering experiment (4) Black body radiation10. " 12. 13, 14, 15. 16. 7. 18. Cathode rays have same charge to mass ratio as (1) a-particles (2) P-rays (3) Anoderays (4) Protons Which of the following statements is/are correct? (1) Isotopes have same number of nucleons (2) Isobars have same number of protons (3) Isotones have same number of neutrons (4) Isobars are atoms of different elements with same isotopic number Millikan's oil drop method is used to find (1) elmratio of electron (2) Mass of electron (3) Velocity of electron (4) Charge of electron Rutherford's experiment established that (1) Inside the atom there are positive centres immersed in sea of electrons (2) Nucleus contains protons, neutrons and mesons (3) Most of the space in an atom is empty (4) Allofthese The average distance of electron from the nucleus in an atom is of the order of (1) tem (2) 107cm (3) 10% cm (4) 1mm Rutherford scattering experiments related to size of the (1) Nucleus (2) Atom (3) Electron (4) Neutron Which property of the elementis whole number? (1) Atomicmass (2) Massnumber (3) Atomicsize (4) lonisation potential Anisotone of ,,Ge’?is (i) Ge” (ii) 43As”” (iii) 448e”” (iv) Se (1) Only (i) & (il) (2) Only Gi) & (i) (3) Only (i) & (iv) (4) (i), (ill) & (iv) ‘Anatom which does not have any neutron is (1) Deutrium = (2). Tritium (3) Helium (4) Hydrogen ‘4c, }2C differ from each other in number of (1) Electrons (2) Protons (3) Nucleons (4) Allofthese Atoms may be regarded as comprising of protons, electrons and neutrons. If the mass attributed to the neutrons were halved and that attributed to electrons were doubled then atomic mass of ?C would (1) Remain approximately the same (2) Bedoubled (3) Approximately be halved (4) Be reduced by approximately 25% Ne, Na and F- have the same (1) Mass number (2) Number of nucleons (3) Number of electrons (4) Number of protons19. 20. 241 22, 23. 24, 25, 26. 27. 28. 29, Which of the following species has more number of electrons in comparison with the neutrons ? qa) ar (2) oF (3) FO (4) ¢ The size of the nucleus is approximately (1) 1/100" of the atom (2) 1/1000" of the atom (3) 110000" of the atom (4) 1/100000" of the atom Wavelengths of radiowaves is (1) microwaves (3) 4 (4) None of these Which of the following does not have similar pattern of spectrum? (1) He* and H (2) HeandLi* (3) HeandH, (4) Allhave similar spectrum When high speed electrons strike a target (1) Onlyheatis produced (2) Only continuous X-rays are emitted (3) Only continuous and characteristic X-rays are emitted (4) Heatis produced and simultaneously continuous and characteristic X-rays are emitted When the speed of electron increases, the specific charge: (1) Decreases (2) Increases (3): Remains same (4) _ None of these Aneutral atom always consist of: (1) Protons + Electrons (2) Neutrons + Protons (3) Neutrons + Electrons (4) Neutrons + Protons + Electrons The space between the proton and electron in hydrogen atom is: (1) Filled with air (2) Empty (3) Filled with magnetic radiation (4)__ Filled with neutrons72. 73. 74, 75. 76. 7. 78. 79, 80, 81. Particles which can be added to the nucleus of an atom without changing the chemical properties are called (1) Electrons (2) Protons (3) Neutrons (4) a-particles Suppose 10°” J of light energy is needed by the interior of human eye to see an object. The photons of green light (2.= 550 nm) needed to see the object are: (1) 27 (2) 28 (3) 29 (4)30 ‘A photon of 300 nm is absorbed by a gas and then reemits two photons. One remitted photon has wavelength 496 nm, the wavelength of second reemitted photon is, (1) 757 (2) 857 (3) 987 (4) 657 Oxygen consists of O'° , O'7 and 0" isotopes and carbon consists of isotopes of C'? and C'? Total number of CO, molecules possible are (1) 6 (2) 12 @) 18 (4) 1 We can say that the energy of a photon of frequency v is given by E = hy, where h is plank’s constant. The momentum of a photon is p=h/ 2., where is the wavelength of photon. Then we may conclude that velocity of light is equal to: (1) (Elp)'? (2) Elp (3) Ep (4) (Ep? In cathode ray discharge tube experiment, the production of cathode rays occurs at (1) Very low pressure and very low voltage (2) Very high pressure and very high voltage (3) Very high pressure and very low voltage (4) Very low pressure and very high voltage Characteristics of cathode rays 1) Do not depend upon the material of electrodes (2) Do not depend upon the nature of gas taken in discharge tube (3) Both (4) None Very low pressure in discharge tube is used (1) To increase mean free path of gaseous ions (2) To increase the K.E of gaseous ions (3) Both (4) None The phenomenon responsible for glow in cathode rays tube experiment is (1) Fluorescence (2) Phosphorescence (3) Chemiluminescence (4) All of these Which of the following is/are correct for canal rays ? (1) These are simply the charged gaseous ions (2) Some of the positively charged ions carry a muttiple of the fundamental unit of electric charge (3) Behaviour of canal rays in the electrical or magnetic field is opposite to that observed for cathode rays (4) Allof these82. 83. 84, 85, 86. 87. 88. Chadwick discovered ... respectively are |) by bombarding a thin sheet of.....(ll) by ....(ll). Here I, and Ii (1) Neutrons, Beryllium, y-particles (2) Neutrons, Beryllium, o-particles (3) Protons, aluminium, a-particles (4) Protons, Beryllium, a-particles According to the electromagnetic theory of Maxwell (1) Charged particles when accelerated should emit electronomagnetic radiation (2) Charged particles when accelerated should absorb electromagnetic radiation (3) In some cases (1), in some cases (2) (4) None of these If the Thomson model would be correct then what should be the observation in Rutherford's scattering experiment ? (1) All the a-particles should deviate by angles more than 90° (2) All the a-particles should pass through the foil with little deviation (3) All the a-particles should be bounced back at 180° (4) Half of the particles should pass through the foil and remaining half should be bounced back Which of the following conclusions could not be derived from Rutherford’s scattering experiment? (1) Most of the space in atom is empty (2) The radius of atom is about 10-"m and that of nucleus is 10-'°m (3) Electrons move in circular path of fixed energy (4) Electrons and nucleus are held together by electrostatic force of attraction Wave theory is failed to explain (1) Black body radiation (2) Photoelectric effect (3) Variation of heat capacity of solids as a function of temperature (4) Allof these According to Planck, the smallest quantity of energy that can be emitted or absorbed in the form of electromagnetic radiation is called (1) Photon (2) Quantum (3) Both (4) None The emission spectrum of atoms in the gas phase do not show a continuous spread of wavelength, rather they emit radiations only at specific wavelengths with dark spaces between them. Such spectra are called (1) Line spectra (2) Atomic spectra (3) Discontinues spectra (4) Allof these89, 90. 1 92. 93, 94, 95. 96. 97, The incorrect statement is a Spectrum gives the information of frequencies and wavelengths present in the radiation ) (2) Atomic spectrum of isotopes are same (3) The speed of light depends upon the nature of medium through which it passes (4) When a ray of white light is passed through a prism, the angle of deviation depends on wavelength The energy required to break one mole of CI-Cl bonds in Cl, is 243 kJ mot”. The largest wavelength of light capable of breaking a single CI-C| bond is (1) 700nm (2) 490 nm (3) 596 nm (4) 640 nm The work function (in eV) of same metals is given below Li Na K Mg Cu Ag Fe Pt W 24 23 22 37 48 43 4.7 63 4.75 The number of metals which will show photoelectric effect when light of 300 nm wavelength falls on metal is (1) 2 (2) 4 (3) 5 (4) 6 Energy of photons (per mole) of wavelength 7000A is (1) 170 kd (2) 1704 (3) 28.4kJ (4) 2.8* 107% The threshold frequency for a metal is 7 x 10" s“’. The kinetic energy of an electron emitted when radiation of frequency 1 x 10'® s~ hits the metal is (1) 1.98 10° (2) 1.24eV (3) Both (4) None Photochemical dissociation of oxygen molecule results in the production of two atoms, one in ground state and one in excited state. The maximum wavelength needed for this is 174 nm. If the excitation energy of oxygen atom is 3.1 x 10-"°J, how much energy is needed for dissociation of oxygen molecule into two atoms in ground state ? (1) 11.4* 10° (2) 4.15% 101% (3) 14.5% 10°%J (4) 8.3% 10-9) The wave number of an electromagnetic radiation is 2.5 x 10’ cm™'. What is its frequency ? (1) 7.5% 10%s7 (2) 12% 10%s* @) 75«10%s" (4) 75% 10%s7 Acertain dye absorbs light of 2 = 400A and then fluoresces light of 2. = 5000 A. Assuming that under given conditions, 40% of the absorbed energy is emitted as fluorescence, what will be the ratio of number of quanta emitted out to the number of quanta absorbed ? ” 4 @ 4 @ 2 @ 4 Which has highest specific charge ? (1) Nat (2) Mg?* (3) Ar (4) si**98. The mass of meson is 250 times the mass of electron. If the specific charge of a-particle is x’ unit, the e/m ratio of meson will be x (1) 29.44% (2) 14.72x ©) war ® wae 99. The frequency of an electromagnetic radiation which makes 2 x 10° waves per 50 cm is (1) 1.2% 10" Hz (2) 150 Hz (3) 6x10" Hz (4) 1.2 10 Hz 100. Light of wavelength 2. strikes a metal surface with intensity X and the metal emits Y electrons per second, with maximum kinetic energy Z. What will happen to Y and Z if X is halved ? (1) Y will be halved and Z willbe doubled (2) _Y will be doubled and Z will be halved (3) Y will be halved and Z will remain same (4) _Y will remain same and Z will be halvedANSWERS: a) (2) (2) (4) (3) (3) (2) (3) (4) (3) (3) a) (2) (3) (4) (3) 20. 21. 22. 23. 24, 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 36. 36. 37. 38. 39. 40. a. 42. 43, 45, 46. 47. 48. 49. (4) 50. (4) 51. (3) 52. (3) 53. (1) 55. (1) 56. (4) 57. (1) 58. (3) 59. (4) 60. (3) 61. (4) 62. (4) 63. (2) 65. 66. 67. 68. 69. 70. 71. 72. 73. 74, 7. 76. 77. 78. 79. 80. 81 82, 83. 86. 86. 87. 88. 89. 90. 1 92, 93. 94, 96. 96. 97. 98. 99. 100. (3)9, 10, IL 12, 13, 4 ATOMIC STRUCTURE SOLUTIONS OF PRACTICE ASSIGNMENT-1 Ans (1) he 1) Es a X Q) Spectrum of isoelectric species is similar, not same. _ _ he > ® Eas (= wave number) « OT Ans (2) (4) A body can emit total energy = Niv where N can be any positive imteger only. NV can not be fractional or less than 1 () Light is polychromatic i.e. it contains photons of many possible energies. Ans (3) c-particles are Helium nucleus or He” B-rays consists of electrons like cathode rays. Isotopes — same atomic number (protons) and different mass number (nucleons). Isobars — same mass number and different atomic number. Isotones — same number of neutrons. Isodiapheres ~ same (n ~ p) ic. difference of neutrons and protons. This difference is also called isotropic number. Isoelectronic — same number of electrons. Ans (4) Ans (3) Ans (3) Ans (1) Ans (2) In 3)Ge”, neutrons = 76 ~ 32 = 44. (@ Neutrons = 77 — 32 = 45 (i) Neutrons = 77 - 33 = 44 (iii) Neutrons = 77 — 34 = 43 (iv) Neutrons = 78 — 34 = 4415, 16, 19, 20. BR 3B. 25, Ans (4) Ans. (3) Mass of electrons is negligible as compared to protons and neutrons, therefore no effect if mass of electron is doubled. Atomic mass = mass of protons + mass of neutrons 7 L For C'? = 6 « 1 +6 = > (given in question that mass of neutrons were halved) =9 While actual atomic mass of gC!” = 12 reduced by 25% Ans. (3) () AP’, Z=13,A=27 Electrons = 13 ~ 3 = 10, neutrons = 27 ~ 13 = 14 Q) 07, Z=8,A=16 Electrons = 8 + 2= 10, neutrons = 16-8 =8 @) F,Z=9,A=19 Electrons = 9 + 1 = 10, neutrons = 19 ~ @ C.Z=6,A=12 Electrons = 6, neutrons = 12~ 6 = 6 Ans (4) Ans. (2) M*_2,8, 14 i.¢. total number of electrons in M? electrons is neutral atom M=24+2=26 ie Z=26 and A= 56 (given) neutrons = 56 — 26 = 30 Anode rays — any positive particle formed by ionisation of ‘gas particle in discharge tube experiment. im ratio depends on nature of gas. 24+8+14=24 e.. But protons means H’ i.e. a fixed particle, therefore — ratio m is constant for protons. Ans (3) Ans (1)26, Absorbed energy = emitted energy (given) Iv =hy,+hy, x 1 a geek. 300 760 tat k. 2, 300 760 On solving, 2 = 495.65 nm =496 om, 27. (KE) nag = VV p aly x at = SSH a gs 2000 x10 =32% 10) 28. KE, =2K.E; (given) hy, hv = Ahv; —hvy) V Vo =2¥2 —2vo Vo =2v.-¥; 2%2x 10!°—3,2 x 1016 =08 «10! =8% 10" He 29, Mass of one mole of electons = 9,1 « 10™*! x 6,022 « 10° kg. =5.48 «10 7 kg = 5.48 x 1077 x 10° mg =0.55 mg : . 0 [}- #=x given) X38, 40, 4. a. 43, Ans (3) Lamu 66 1077 kg Any substance which absorb light in visible region, can show the colour, Mass of proton = mass of neutron Heavy hydrogen means Deuterium i.e, Neutrons = 2 — 1 Ans (1) Ans (3) Meson is a sub-atomic particle, found in nucleus. It is denoted by x. Mesons may be +ve, —ve or neutal, Mass of meson particle But, Mass of Proton = mass of neutron = Jamu = 1840m, Specitie arge = Vv (e/m),, 2 (elm), 2 T AE =3.03x10 6107 310° 3.03x10° =6.56x10 7m 6.56%10 10? =1075 07 Nx Jmol! = 6,02 «10! J mot? Cathode rays are electrons and any particle can not have velocity of light. Ans. (4) nm =656nm x10 7m_0.375x107 7 om = 3.7510! om 4 a E, hy _ 16000 - 8000 46, Ans. (4) 47. Ans (1) 48, X-rays are clectromagnetic waves and clectromagenctic waves can not deflected by electrical and magnetic field 49. Ans (4) 50. Ans (4) 51. Ans (3) 52 om= \ where, mg = rest mass and m = dynamic mass when m= 020 0 53. Positive rays or anode rays are cations formed by ionisation of gas particles in discharge tube experiment. Mass of particles is very much higher than that of electrons therefore — ratio is very low. m s4, He” ratio= 2-1 - . 457. Velocity of all the photons is c (3 « 10° m/sec) ic. independent of wavelength or frequency. 58, Electromagnetic waves cannot be deflected by electric and magnetic field, It is the main characteristics of charged particle. 59. Ans. (4) @. Ans. (3) 61. Ans. (4) ©. Ans. (4) 6. Ans. (2) A KE,=hv-Iv, a if v is doubled KE, =2hv- Ivy From (1), Av KE; + hvy KE, = 2K.E, +2hvy—hvy KE, =2K.E, +hvy i.e, K.Ep is more than doubled of KE). 65. Ans. (1) 66, y-tays and X-rays both are electromagnetic waves, therefore their speeds are qual to speed of light. 67. Ans, (3) Atom and molecule cannot have similar spectrum 68. Ans. (4) 9, On increasing v, m is increased therefore specific charge (© aio) | ratio} is decreased. (n°) 70. (4) Hydrogen atom has no neutron Note - If ‘always’ was not written in the question, then answer would be (4) 71. (3) 72. (3)B. 74, 16. 7. 78. 79. 80. 81. Eat = vie Exh 10'7%550x10° he 6.610 x3x 10% N=27.77 Since N can not be fractional, therefore V should be greater than 27 ic, N=28, Absorbed energy = emitted energy 300 496 On solving, 2 = 757 nm ce gl ol cho ot ce oof cho oo! chook ch gol Similarly, 6 more molecules for C'* can be formed i.e. total 12 CO, molecules are possible. and P S (given) E=Pxe82. {Be+$He—>C+5n 83. (1) 84. (2) 85. Rutherford could not explain the fixed energy of circular paths. Fixed energy of orbits was justified by Bohr. 86. (4) 87. (2) 88. (4) 89. (2) 243x10° 90. Energy required for breaking one molecule = “3 = 4.05 x 10%y _6.6x10™ x3x10® 4.0510 _ 4.9x107 1m = 490m ho _ 66x10 x3x10® 1 e=% = a 300x10 =6.6x 10% xto-? = 4.125 eV The metals whose work function is less than 4.12 eV, will show photoelectric effect ive. Li, Na, K, Mg 92. Energy of 1 mole photon: _ 66x10 x3x10% 2 Tooox1o"7 —*0*"0 = 170 x 10° =170kd93. KE =hv-hv, =h(v—v9) =6.6 x 10° (1 x 101-7 x 10") =6.6x 10% x0.3% 105 = 1.98 «1095 10-9 ‘a8 y =1.240V 94, Energy needed for dissociation of molecule ho _ 6.610 x3x10" a 17410 =11.4x 10° y The above energy is used to dissociate the molecule, when one atom is in excited state. Therefore energy required to break the molecule into atoms in ground state will be less. Energy required for breaking in ground state = 11.4 « 10-9-3.1 x 1079 =8.3x10J 95. (v =2.5 «10% emt =2.5 x 108m) = 3x 10° x 2.5 x 10° =7.5* 10s" 96. Letn, photons are absorbed c _ nhc ‘absorbed, Let n, photons are emitted njhe emited =) Esmites = 40% Of Esrsorsea he 40 mho= A0_,, 5000 100 4000 99. Vv =wavespercm 2x10° 50 =4« 108m 4x10% om™ ev = 3x10" x4 x10® =1.2* 10°°Hz 100. When intensity (X) is halved, the number of electrons emitted per second(Y)is halved and no effect on kinetic energy (Z) of electrons.