GEOMETRY

(SIMILARITY AND CONGRUENCY)

SIMILARITY AND CONGRUENCE tc nks vkÑfr;ksa ds lHkh dks.k (Øe esa) leku vkSj
mudh laxr Hkqtkvksa dk vuqikr leku gksrk gS rks vkÑfr
le:irk vkSj lok±xlerk le:i gksrh gSA
In Geometry, two figures are said to be simi-
lar if their shape is the same. Note that this shape
could be rotated or even flipped and it would still
be fine. They would be said to be congruent if
the shape as well as the size is the same. So con-
gruence is a more stringent condition-any pair
of congruent figures is similar by definition.
T;kfefr esa nks vkÑfr;ksa dks le:i dgk tkrk gSA tc
mudh lajpuk (cukoV) leku gksrh gSA è;ku jgs fd leku
lajpuk dh nks vkÑfr;ksa dks ?kqekus ;k iyVus ij Hkh ;s le:i (The figure may not always look similar-one
jgrh gSA nks vkÑfr;ksa dks lok±xle dgk tkrk gS tc mudh should test to make sure)
lajpuk vkSj eki nksuksa leku gksrh gSA tc ,slk gksrk gS rks(vkÑfr
,d ges'kk ns[kus esa le:i ugha fn[krh gS] gesa tk¡p
vkÑfr dks nwljh vkÑfr ij vè;kjksfir djus ij igyh vkÑfr djuh iM+rh gSA)
nwljh vkÑfr dks iw.kZr% <d ysrh gSA bl izdkj lok±xlerk dhNote that, while we normally study similar-
ity and congruence for triangles, any two figures
'krZ vf/d dBksj gSA ifjHkk"kkuqlkj] lok±xle vkÑfr;ksa dk
could be tested to check for similarity and con-
;qXe le:i gksrk gSA gruence. In the case of regular figures, this is
easiest – any two regular figures with the same
B number of sides will be similar to each other.
A è;ku jgs] lkekU;r% ge le:irk vkSj lok±xlerk f=kHkqtksa
ds fy, i<+rs gSa ijarq dksbZ Hkh nks vkÑfr le:irk vkSj lok±xlerk
C
ds fy, tk¡p fd;s tk ldrs gSaA le vkÑfr;ksa ds fy, ;g
D vklku gksrk gSA dksbZ nks le vkÑfr ftlesa Hkqtkvksa dh la[;k
leku gks] ,d&nwljs ds le:i gksrs gSaA
E

For example the 5 triangles shown along-

side are all similar. A, B and E are congruent (but
E is flipped), while C and D are of different sizes.
mnkgj.kLo:i 5 f=kHkqt fn[kk;s x;s gSa] lHkh le:i gSaA
A, B vkSjE lok±xle gS] tcfd C vkSjD dh eki fHk gSA
A more mathematical way of looking at simi-
larity and congruence : Two figures can be said
to be Congruent if all their corresponding sides
and angles (in order) and the same.
le:irk vkSj lok±xlerk dks ns[kus dk csgrj xf.krh;
rjhdk & tc nks vkÑfr;ksa dh lHkh laxr Hkqtkvksa ,oa dks.kksa
(Øe esa) dh eki leku gksrh gS rks vkÑfr lok±xle gksrh gSA
Two figures can be said to be similar if all
their angles (in order) are the same and all their
corresponding sides are in the same ratio.
 For example if we take two regular hexa-
gons, or two circles, or two equilateral triangles,
or two squares, or two regular pentagons, each
pair of figures will be similar withour any fur- 11k
4k
ther checkiing required.
mnkgj.k ds fy, ;fn ge nks le "kBHkqt ;k nks o`Ùk ;k
nks leckgq f=kHkqt ;k nks oxZ ;k nks le iapHkqt ysa rks vkÑfr;ksa
ds izR;sd ;qXe fcuk fdlh vfrfjDr tk¡p ds le:i gksrs gSaaA
Once we identify two figures as similar with TRIANGLES : CONDITIONS FOR
sides in the ratio (say) x : y, then straightaway CONGRUENCE AND SIMILARITY
all their liner dimensions will be in this same
ratio x : y. Also, their area dimensions will be in f=kHkqt % lok±xlerk vkSj le:irk dh 'krs±
the ratio x2 : y2 (remember that any area dimen-
sion is the product of two length dimensions– SSS Test
length *breadth or base* height or radius* radius If we check the three sides of two triangles,
......) then the triangles are

r
,d ckj ;fn Hkqtkvksa ds vuqikr x : y ds lkFk nks Hkqtk&Hkqtk&Hkqtk tk¡p % ;fn ge nks f=kHkqtksa dh
vkÑfr le:i gks tk, rks mudh lHkh jSf[kd foek,¡ leku Hkqtkvksa dh tk¡p djs rks]

si
vuqikr x : y esa gks tkrh gS rFkk mudh {ks=kiQy x2 : yfoek
2  Congruent if three pairs of sides of the two

an by
ds vuqikr esa gksxhA (è;ku jgs fd {ks=kiQy foek nks yEckbZ
foekvksa dk xq.kuiQy gksrk gSA × pkSM+kbZ
yEckbZ ;k vk/kj
×
triangles

leku
are equal in length.
nksuksa f=kHkqtksa dh Hkqtkvksa ds rhuksa ;qXeksa d
gks rks f=kHkqt lok±xle gksrs gSaA

n
Å¡pkbZ ;k f=kT;k
× f=kT;k ;k --------)A
 Similar if the corresponding sides of two
For example if two triangles are similar with triangles have lengths in the same ratio.
ja
sides in the ratio 3 : 7 then their perimeters,
R s
circumradii, inradii, medians or altitudes from nksuksa f=kHkqtksa dh laxr Hkqtkvksa dh yEckb;ksa dk
leku gks rks f=kHkqt le:i gksrs gSaA
a th

corresponding vertices etc will all be in the ratio

3 : 7, while their areas will be in the ratio 9 : 49. A Q
mnkgj.k ds fy, ;fn nks f=kHkqt le:i gks vkSj mudh
Hkqtkvksa dk vuqikr 3 % 7 gks rks muds ifjeki] oká f=kT;k]
ty a

R
vUr% f=kt;k] ekfè;dk] laxr 'kh"kZ ls Mkys x, yEcksa dk vuqikr
Hkh 3 % 7 gksxk tcfd muds {ks=kiQyksa dk vuqikr 9 % 49 gksxkA
di M

B C P
X

7x 7y Y
3x 3y

Z
3z ABC  PQR ~ XYZ
7z Hypotenuse Side Test
Similarity if two cones are similar with If we check the sides of two right-angled tri-
heights in the ratio 4 : 11 then their base radii, angles, then the triangles are
d.kZ&Hkqtk tk¡p % ;fn nks ledks.k f=kHkqtksa dh Hkqt
A

slant heights etc will also be in the ratio 4 : 11.

Their surface areas, base surface areas, curved dh tk¡p djsa rks
surface areas etc will be in the ratio 16 : 121 and  Congruent if the hypotenues and one pair
their volumes will be in the ratio 64 : 1331. of shorter sides are equal in length.
blh izdkj ;fn nks 'kadq mudh Å¡pkb;ksa ds vuqikr
%11 4 d.kZ vkSj NksVh Hkqtkvksa dk ,d ;qXe dh yEckbZ leku gk
ds lkFk le:i gks rks mudh vk/kj f=kT;k] frjNh Å¡pkbZ vkfn rks f=kHkqt lok±xle gksrs gSaA
 Similar if the hypotenuses and one pair of
Hkh 4 % 11 ds vuqikr esa gksxhA muds i`"Bh; {ks=kiQy vk/kj ds sides have length in the same ratio.
shorter
{ks=kiQy] ik'oZ i`"Bh; {ks=kiQy vkfn 16 % 121 ds vuqikrd.kZ esa vkSj NksVh Hkqtkvksa ds ,d ;qXe dh yEckbZ dk
gksaxs vkSj muds vk;ru 64 % 1331 ds vuqikr esa gksaxsA vuqikr leku gks rks f=kHkqt le:i gksrs gSaA

[2]
 A A Q
Q

R R

B C B C P
P
X ABC  PQR
AAS Test
If we check two angles and a corresponding
Y non-included side of two triangles, then the tri-
angles are
Z dks.k&dks.k&Hkqtk tk¡p % ;fn ge nks f=kHkqtksa ds nks d
ABC  PQR ~ XYZ
vkSj muesa v'kkfey laxr Hkqtk dh tk¡p djsa rks
SAS Test  Congruent if the two pairs of angles have
If we check two sides and the included angle the same measure and the sides are equal
of two triangles, then the triangles are in length.

r
Hkqtk&dks.k&Hkqtk tk¡p % ;fn ge nks f=kHkqtksadks.kksa
dh nks ds nksuksa ;qXeksa dh eki leku vkSj v'kkfey lax

si
Hkqtkvksa vkSj mlesa 'kkfey dks.k dh tk¡p djrs gSa rks Hkqtkvksa dh yEckbZ leku gks rks f=kHkqt lok±xle gksrs
 Congruent if the two pairs of sides are equal A Q
an by
in length and the included angle is equal.
Hkqtkvksa ds nks ;qXe vkSj mlesa 'kkfey dks.k dh eki

n
R
cjkcj gks rks f=kHkqt lok±xle gksrs gSaA


ja
Similar if the two pairs of sides have lengths B C P
R s
in the same ratio and the included angle is ABC  PQR
equal.
a th

AA Test
Hkqtkvksa ds nks ;qXeksa dh yEckb;ksa dk vuqikr leku gks
If we check the angles of two triangles, then
vkSj mlesa 'kkfey dks.k cjkcj gks rks f=kHkqt le:i gksrs gSaA
the triangles are
A Q dks.k&dks.k tk¡p % ;fn ge nks f=kHkqtksa ds dks.kksa dh t
ty a

djsa rks]
Similar if two pairs of angles are the same.
di M


R
dks.kksa ds nks ;qXe leku gks rks f=kHkqt le:i gksrs gSaA
B C P A X
X

Y
Y
B C
Z
Z ABC  XYZ
ABC  PQR ~ XYZ
ASA Test SPOTTING SIMILARITY AND
CONGRUENCE
A

If we check two angles and the included side

of two triangles, then the triangles are lok±xlerk vkSj le:irk dh igpku
dks.k&Hkqtk&dks.k tk¡p % ;fn ge nks f=kHkqtksa ds nks dks.k
Being able to spot Similarity (and Congru-
vkSj mlesa 'kkfey Hkqtk dh tk¡p djsa rks ence) is of paramount importance to the
 congruent if the two pairs of angle have the visualisation of problems in Geometry; in my
same measure and the sides are equal in experience Similirity stands next only to Right-
length. Angled triangle in its usefulness as a concept.
dks.kksa ds nksuksa ;qXeksa dh eki leku gks And
vkSj a'kkfey
key to recognising similarity is spotting
equal angles. Let me demonstrate through some
Hkqtkvksa dh yEckbZ leku gks rks f=kHkqt lok±xle gksrs gSaA
typical cases.

[3]
 T;kfefr esa iz'uksa ds izR;ks{kdj.k ds fy, le:irk adsperpendicular to the hypotenuse of a eright
iz;ksx dh igpku esa l{ke gksuk lcls egRoiw.kZ gSA esjs vuqHko
triangle from the opposite vertex, the two tri-
ds vk/kj ij vo/kj.kk ds :i esa le:irk dh mi;ksfxrk angles formed are similar
ledks.k f=kHkqt dh mi;ksfxrk ds ftruh gh gSA le:irk dh to each other and to the original triangle.
igpku ds fy, lcls egRoiw.kZ leku dks.kksa dk igpku djuk d.kZ ij Mkyk x;k yEc % le:irk ij vk/kfjr ,d vkSj
gSA bldks dqN fo'ks"k fLFkfr;ksa ds ekè;e ls le>rs gSaAegRoiw.kZ ifj.kke gS fd tc ge fdlh ledks.k f=kHkqt ds
Parallel lines : The moment one sees two foijhr 'kh"kZ ls d.kZ ij yEc Mkyrs gSa rks fufeZr nks f=kHkq
parallel lines, one should immediately look out ,d&nwljs ds vkSj ewy f=kHkqt ds le:i gksrs gSaA
for the possibility of similar triangles. This is
because parallel lines and transversals centre A
equal angles galore
lekarj js[kk % tSls gh lekarj js[kk,¡ fn[ks] gesa rqjar gh
le:i f=kHkqtksa dh laHkkouk dh ryk'k izkjaHk dj nsuh pkfg,
D;ksafd lekarj vkSj vuqizLFk js[kk,¡ cjkcj dks.k cgqrk;r la[;k
esa cukrh gSA

r
In both the situation alongside, AB and CD
are parallel lines. Immediately we should

si
recognise that AOB and COD are similar as two
B C
pairs of angles are the same in each case.
an by
uhps nh xbZ nksuksa gh fLFkfr;ksa
AB vkSj CDesa lekarj
js[kk,¡ gSa] ns[krs gh ge ;g igpku djus esa l{ke gks tkrsis
gSa
In the adjoining figure, for example, ABC
fd angled at B. BD is dropped perpendicu-
a right

n
AOB vkSjCOD le:i gSa D;ksafd dks.kksa ds nks ;qXelar izR;sd
to AC. Then we can see that if we compare
fLFkfr esa leku gSA ABC and ADB, they both have a common angle
ja
R s
(A) and a right angle and thus are similar. Also if
A B
we compare ABC with BDC, they both have a
a th

common angle (C) and a right angle and thus are

O similar. So all three triangles (ABC, ADB and
BDC) are similar.
ty a

uhps fn;s x;s fp=k esa] mnkgj.k dsABC

fy, 'kh"kZ
B
D C
ij ledks.k gSA yEcBD dks AC ij Mkyk x;k gS rks ge ;g
di M

ns[krs gSa fd ;fn ge ABC vkSjADB dh rqyuk djs rks

C A
O nksuksa dk ,d mHk;fu"B (A)dks.k
vkSj ,d mHk;fu"B ledks.k
gS] bl izdkj nksuksa le:i gSA blh izdkj ;fnABC
ge dh
B BDC ds lkFk rqyuk djs rks nksuksa dk ,d mHk;fu"B(C) dks.k

D vkSj ,d mHk;fu"B ledks.k gSA blhfy, ;g nksuksa Hkh le:i gSaA

blfy, lHkh rhu f=kHkqt (
ABC, ADB vkSjBDC) le:i
This is an idea underlying a lot of proofs – gSaA
for example we used this in providing the basic
Proportionality and Mid-point Theorems, as well
Properties of Similar triangles
as in showing that when the diagonals of a trape- le:i f=kHkqt ds xq.k
A

zium are drawn, the two triangles formed having

their base as the parallel sides are similar. If ABC and PQR are similar, then
;g ,slh le> gS ftl ij cgqr lkjh vo/kj.kk,¡ vk/ ;fn ABC vkSjPQR le:i gksa] rks
kfjr gSA mnkgj.k ds rkSj ij bldk iz;ksx ewyHkwr vkuqikfrdrk P
izes; vkSj eè;&fcUnq izes; dks fl¼ djus esa djrs gSa rFkk blh A
ds iz;ksx ls] tc fdlh leyEc prqHkqZt ds fod.kZ [khaprs gSa rks
r q
lekarj js[kkvksa ds :i esa muds vk/kj okys nks f=kHkqt le:i gSaA c b
Altitude to a hypotenuse : Another very use-
ful similarity-based result is that when we drop B a C Q p R

[4]
 a b c 3. The perimeter of two similar triangles ABC
(i) = = and PQR are 36 cm and 24 cm
p q r
respectively. if PQ = 10 cm, then AB is :
(ii) Ratio of corresponding sides
laxr Hkqtkvksa dk vuqikr ;fn nks le:i f=kHktksa
ABC vkSjPQR ds ifjeki

= Ratio of perimeter/ifjeki dk vuqikr

Øe'k%36 lseh vkSj24 lseh gSA ;fnPQ = 10

= Ratio of semi-perimeter(s)/v¼Z&ifjeki dk lseh gS] rks

AB dk eku gS %
vuqikr (a) 14 cm (b) 12 cm
= Ratio of corresponding medians/ laxr (c) 15 cm (d) 26 cm
ekfè;dkvksa dk vuqikr 4. For what angle D is ABC congruent to
= Ratio of inradius/vUr%f=kT;k dk vuqikr DEF, given AC = 2.5 cm, BC = 5 cm, C
= ratio of circumradius/cká f=kT;k dk vuqikr = 75°, DE = 2.5 cm and DF = 5 cm?
(iii) Ratio of area = (Ratio of corresponding dks.kD ds fdl eku ds fy, ABC f=kHkqt
DEF
sides)2
ds lokZxle gS] fn;k x;k gS
AC = 2.5 cm lseh
{ks=kiQy dk vuqikr= (laxr Hkqtkvksa dk vuqikr)
2
BC = 5 cm, C = 75°, DE = 2.5 lseh vkSj

r
6. If in triangle ABC, PQ is parallel to BC such DF = 5 cm lseh\
that area of triangle APQ = Area of trapezium

si
PQBC, then SSC CHSL 01/06/2022 (Shift- 1)
A
an by (a) 75°
(c) 35°
(b) 25°
(d) 90°

n
5. In the given figure, the measure of A is:
P Q
nh xbZ vkÑfr esa
A dk eku Kkr djsaA
ja
R s
B C A P
a th

AP 1
= 2x
x+20º
PB 2 –1
7 cm 7 cm
SOLVED EXAMPLES
ty a

70º 70º
AB BC AC B 8 cm C Q 8 cm R
di M

1. In ABC and DEF, we have   ,

DF DE EF
then which of the following is true? SSC CGL 2019 Tier-II (18/11/2020)
AB BC AC (a) 40º (b) 20º
ABC vkSjDEF esa   gSA fuEu esa ls
DF DE EF
(c) 60º (d) 50º
dkSu&lk dFku lR; gS\
SSC CGL 24/08/2021 (Shift-02) 6. Let D and E be two points on the side
(a) DEF ~ ABC BC of ABC such that AD = AE and BAD
(b) BCA ~ DEF = EAC. If AB = (3x +1) cm, BD = 9 cm,
(c) CAB ~ DEF AC = 34 cm and EC = (y + 1) cm, then
(d) DEF ~ BAC the value of (x + y) is :
2. Inside a triangle ABC, a straight line
esaD vkSjE HkqtkBC ij nks fcUnq bl
A

ABC
parallel to BC intersects AB and AC at the
points P and Q, respectively. If AB = 6PB, izdkj gS fd AD = AE vkSjBAD = EAC.
then PQ : BC is ________ . ; fn AB =
,d f=kHkqtABC esa]BC ds lekrj ,d lh/h js[kk (3x +1) lseh]BD = 9 lseh]AC = 34 lseh vkSj
AB vkSj AC dks Øe'k% fcanqP vkSjQ ij izfrPNsn EC = (y + 1) lseh gS] rks
(x + y) dk eku gS %
djrh gSA ;fnAB = 6PB gS rksPQ : BC Kkr dhft,A
SSC CGL 2019 Tier-II (16/11/2020)
SSC CHSL 24/05/2022 (Shift- 2)
(a) 2 : 6 (b) 3 : 4 (a) 17 (b) 20
(c) 5 : 4 (d) 5 : 6 (c) 19 (d) 16

[5]
7. In ABC, D and E are the points on the 11. In ABC, D is a points on side BC such
side AC and AB respectively such that that ADC = BAC. If CA = 12 cm and
ADE = B. If AE = 8 cm, CD = 3 cm, CB = 8 cm then CD is equal to :
DE = 6 cm and BC = 9 cm, then AD is
equal to :
f=kHkqtABC esaD Hkqtk
BC ij fLFkr ,d fcUnq gS
ABC esaD vkSjE Øe'k% Hkqtk
AC vkSjAB ij tks bl izdkj gS fdADC = BAC gSA ;fn CA
fLFkfr fcUnq gSa tks bl izdkj ADE
gS fd = B = 12 lseh vkSjCB = 8 lseh gS] rks
CD dk eku
gSA ;fnAE = 8 lseh]CD = 3 lseh]DE = lseh fdlds cjkcj gksxk\
vkSjBC = 9 lseh gS] rks
AD dk eku fdlds cjkcj SSC CGL Tier-II (11//09/2019)
gS\ (a) 12 cm (b) 15 cm
SSC CHSL 03/07/2019 (Shift- 01) (c) 18 cm (d) 16 cm
(a) 8 cm (b) 6 cm 12. In ABC, AC = 8.4 cm, BC = 14 cm. P is
(c) 9 cm (d) 7.5 cm
a point on AB such that CP = 11.2 cm
8. In ABC, D and E are the points on sides
and ACP = B. What is the length (in
AB and AC, respectively such that ADE
cm) of BP?
= B. If AD = 7 cm, BD = 5 cm and BC =

r
9 cm, then DE (in cm) is equal to : f=kHkqt
ABC esaAC = 8.4 lseh]BC = 14 lseh gSA

si
ABC esa Øe'k% Hkqtk
AB vkSjAC ij fcUnqD P, AB ij fLFkr ,d ,slk fcUnq gS fdCP = 11.2
vkSj E bl izdkj gS fd ADE = B gSA ;fn lseh vkSjACP = B gSA BP dh yackbZ (lseh
an by
AD = 7 lseh]BD = 5 lseh vkSjBC = 9 lseh gS]
rksDE dk eku (lseh esa) Kkr djsaA
esa) fdruh gS\

n
SSC CGL 04/03/2020 (Shift- 03)
SSC CGL 13/08/2021 (Shift-02)
(a) 4.12 (b) 2.8
(a) 6.75 (b) 10
ja (c) 3.78 (d) 3.6
R s
(c) 5.25 (d) 7
9. In ADC, E and B are the points on the 13. In a triangle ABC, point D lies on AB, and
a th

sides AD and AC respectively such that
ABE = ADC. If AE = 6 cm, BC = 2 cm,
BE = 3 cm and CD = 5 cm, then (AB +
DE) is :
ty a
points E and F lies on BC such that DF
is parallel to AC and DE is parallel to AF.
If BE = 4 cm, CF = 3 cm, then find the
length (in cm) of EF.

ADC esaE vkSjB Øe'k% Hkqtk

AD vkSjAC ij
f=kHkqt
ABC esa] fcUnq
D, AB ij fLFkr gS rFkk
E
fLFkr ,sls fcUnq gSa fd = ADC gSA ;fn
ABE
di M

vkSjF, BC ij bl izdkj fLFkr gS fd DF, AC

AE = 6 lseh]BC = 2 lseh]BE = 3 lseh vkSj
ds lekarj gSa vkSj
DE, AF ds lekarj gSaA
;fn BE
CD = 5 lseh gS rks
(AB + DE) dk eku Kkr djsaA
= 4 lseh vkSj
CF = 3 gS] rks
EF dh yackbZ (lseh
SSC CGL 10/06/2019 (Shift- 01)
(a) 14 cm (b) 16 cm esa) Kkr djsaA
49 46 SSC CGL 16/08/2021 (Shift - 02)
(c) cm (d) cm (a) 3 (b) 1.5
3 3
10. In PQR, Q = 85º and R = 65º. Points (c) 5 (d) 2
S and T are on the sides PQ and PR 14. Triangle BAC is similar to triangle PQR.
respectively such that STR = 95º, then The area of triangle BAC and triangle PQR
the ratio of QR and ST is 9 : 5. If PQ = is 25 cm² and 36 cm² respectively. If BA
A

21.6 cm, then the length of PT is : =4 cm, then what is the length of PQ?
f=kHkqt
PQR esaQ = 85º vkSjR = 65º gSA fcUnq f=kHkqt
BAC, f=kHkqt
PQR ds le:i gSA f=kHkqt
BAC
S rFkkT Øe'k% HkqtkPQ vkSjPR ij bl rjg
rFkk f=kHkqt
PQR dk {ks=kiQy Øe'k%
25 cm² rFkk
fLFkr gSa fdSTR = 95º gSA QR rFkkST dk
36 cm² gSA ;fnBA = 4 cm gS] rks
PQ dh yEckbZ
vuqikr 9 : 5 gSA ;fnPQ = 21.6 lseh gS] rks
fdruh gS\
PT dh yackbZ Kkr djsaA
SSC CGL MAINS (08/08/2022)
SSC CGL 04/03/2020 (Shift- 02)
(a) 10.5 cm (b) 9.6 cm (a) 4.8 cm (b) 5.8 cm
(c) 12 cm (d) 9 cm (c) 5 cm (d) 4.2 cm

[6]
15. If in ABC, D and E are the points on
AD AE
AB and BC respectively such that DE || (c) If DE || BC, then =
DB EC
BC and AD : AB = 3 : 8, then (area of
BDE) : (area of quadrilatera DECA) = ?
AD AE
f=kHkqt
ABC esaD vkSjE Øe'k% Hkqtk AB vkSj (d) or if =
DB EC
, then DE || BC
AC ij fLFkr ,sls fcUnq gSaDE
fd || BC gS rFkk
(e) Some of the results desired from this theo-
AD : AB = 3 : 8 gS] rksBDE
( dk {ks=kiQy) %
rem, we will use, are as follows :
(prqHkqZtDECA dk {ks=kiQy) Kkr djsaA
SSC CGL Tier-II (13/09/2019)
bl izes; ls fuEufyf[kr ifj.kke izkIr fd;s tk ldrs
(a) 9 : 55 (b) 9 : 64 gSa] ftUgsa ge iz;ksx djrs gSa %
(c) 8 : 13 (d) 25 : 39
16. In ABC, MN||BC, the area of AD AE
(i) =
quadrilateral MBCN = 130 cm2. If AN : BD EC
NC = 4 : 5, then the area of MAN is :
AD AE DE
f=kHkqt
ABC esaMN||BC gS rFkk prqHkqZt
MBCN (ii) = =
AB AC BC

r
dk {ks=kiQy130 oxZ lseh gSA ;fn
AN : NC = 4
: 5 gS] rks f=kHkqt
MAN dk {ks=kiQy Kkr djsaA (iii)ADE  ABC

si
A 2 2 2
Ar(ΔADE)  AD   AE   DE 
an by (iv)
Ar(ΔABC)
=
 AB
 = 
AC
 =  
BC 

n
M N (v) A line drawn parallel to one side of a tri-
angle divides the meadian, the angle bi-

ja sector and the altitude of the triangle in

R s
B C the same ratio, in which ratio it diviedes
a th

SSC CGL 03/03/2020 (Shift- 01) the other two sides of the triangle.
(a) 40 cm2 (b) 45 cm2
(c) 65 cm 2
(d) 32 cm2 fdlh f=kHkqt dh ,d Hkqtk ds lekarj [khaph xbZ
dksbZ js[kk f=kHkqt dh ekfè;dk] dks.k lef}Hkktd
BASIC PROPORTIONALITY THEOREM
ty a

vkSj yEc dks mlh vuqikr esa foHkkftr djrh gS

(THALES THEOREM) ftl vuqikr esaa vU; nks Hkqtkvksa dks foHkkftr
di M

(a) A line drawn parallel to one side of a tri- djrh gSA

angle divides other two sides in the same
ratio. A
fdlh f=kHkqt ds ,d Hkqtk ds lekarj [khaph xbZ dksbZ
js[kk vU; nks Hkqtkvksa dks leku vuqikr esa foHkkftr
djrh gSA D M N O E
(b) If a line divides any two sides of a triangle
in the same ratio, the line must be paral-
lel to the third side.
;fn dksbZ js[kk fdlh f=kHkqt dh fdUgha nks Hkqtkvksa B P Q R C
dks leku vuqikr esa foHkkftr djrh gS rks og js[kk In ABC, AP, AQ and AR are the median,
A

rhljh Hkqtk ds lekarj gksuh pkfg,A the angle bisector and the altitude respec-
A tively and DE || BC, then
ABC esaAP, AQ vkSjAR Øe'k% ekfè;dk] dks.k
D E lef}Hkktd vkSj 'kh"kZ yEc gSaDE
vkSj
|| BC gS]
rks
B C AD AE AM AN AO
= = = =
In ABC, DB EC MR NQ OP

[7]
1. If an a ABC, D and E are on the sides
AB and AC such that DE is parallel to BC MID-POINT THEOREM
AD 3 (a) (i) The line segment joining the mid-points
and = . If AC = 4 cm, then AE is:
BD 5 of any two sides of a triangle is parallel
;fn ABC esaD vkSjE Hkqtkvksa
AB vkSjAC ij to the third side and is half of the third
side.
AD 3
bl izdkj gS fd DE vkSjBC lekarj gS RkFkk = fdlh f=kHkqt dh fdUgha nks Hkqtkvksa ds eè; fcUnqv
BD 5
dks feykus okyk js[kk[kaM rhljh Hkqtk ds lekarj
gSA ;fnAC = 4 lseh gS] rks
AE dk eku gSA
(a) 1.5 cm (b) 1.8 cm
vkSj rhljh Hkqtk dk vk/k gksrk gSA
(c) 2.4 cm (d) 2.0 cm (ii) A line drawn parallel to the one side of a
2. In ABC, D and E are points on the sides triangle and the length of the line is half
AB and AC, respectively. If ABC =EDA, of that of the side, the line will pass
AD = 3 cm, EC = 3x cm, DB = 5 cm and AE through the mid-points of the other two
= (2x – 1) cm, find the possible value of x. sides.
ABC esaD vkSjE Øe'k% Hkqtk AB vkSjAC ij fdlh f=kHkqt dh ,d Hkqtk ds lekarj [khaph xbZ

r
nks fcUnq ;fn
gSaA
ABC =EDA, AD = 3 lseh] dksbZ js[kk vkSj js[kk dh yackbZ Hkqtk ls vk/h gks r

si
EC = 3x lseh]DB = 5 lseh vkSjAE = (2x – js[kk vU; nks Hkqtkvksa ds eè; fcUnqvksa ls gksd
1) gS] rks
x dk laHko eku Kkr djsaA xqtjsxhA
(a) 2
(c) 5
an by
(b) 3
(d) 6 A

n
3. In a triangle ABC, DE is parallel to BC,
AD = a, DB = a + 4, AE = 2a + 3, EC =

ja
7a. What is the value of 'a' if a > 0? D E
R s
,d f=kHkqtABC esaDE, BC ds lekukarj gSA
a th

AD = a, DB = a + 4, AE = 2a + 3, EC =
7a gSA ;fna > 0 gS rks
a dk eku D;k gksxk\
B C
SSC CGL 06/03/2020 (Shift- 03)
(a) 3 (b) 5
ty a

(b) If D and E are mid-points of AB and AC,

(c) 6 (d) 4 respectively, then
;fn D vkSjE Øe'k% js[kk
AB vkSjAC ds eè; fcUnq
di M

4. In the given figure, AQ = 4 2 cm, QC =

6 2 cm and AB = 20 cm. If PQ is parallel

gksa] rks
to BC, then what is the value (in cm) of BC
PB? DE || BC and DE =
2
fn;s x;s fp=k esa
AQ = 4 2 lseh]QC = 6 2 BC
(c) DE || BC and DE = , then D and E are
lseh vkSjAB = 20 lseh gSA ;fnPQ || BC gS] 2
the mid-points of AB and AC respectively.
rksPB dk eku (lseh esa) gS % In this case
A BC
;fn DE || BC vkSjDE = ] rksD vkSjE Øe'k%
2
AB vkSjAC ds eè; fcUnq gSaA bl fLFkfr esa
A

AD AE DE 1
Q (i) = = =
P AB AC BC 2

AD AE
(ii) = =1
DB EC
C (iii)ADE  ABC
B
(a) 8 (b) 12 Ar(ΔADE) 1
(iv) Ar(ΔABC) = 4
(c) 6 (d) 15

[8]
1. In ABC, D and E are mid-points of AB (a) 16 cm2
and AC respectively. If DE = 6 cm, find (b) 32 cm2
the BC – DE. (c) 24 cm2
ABC esaD vkSjE Øe'k%AB vkSjAC ds eè; (d) 64 cm2
fcUnq gSaADE BC – DE dk 3.
;fn= 6 lseh gS rks In a triangle XYZ, L and M are mid points
of XY and XZ. R is a point on side LM
eku Kkr djsaA such that LR : RM = 1 : 2. If LR = 3 cm
(a) 2 cm (b) 6 cm
then the value of YZ is equal to :
(c) 3 cm (d) 4 cm
f=kHkqt
XYZ esaL vkSjM Øe'k% Hkqtkvksa
XY rFkkXZ
2. D and E are mid-points of the sides AB
and AC of ABC respectively. If area of ds eè; fcUnq gSaA
R, [kaM LM ij fLFkr ,d fcUnq gS
ADE is 8 cm2, the area of ABC is : tks bl izdkj gS fd LR : RM = 1 : 2 gSA ;fnLR
D vkSjE Øe'k%DABC dh Hkqtkvksa
AB vkSjAC = 3 lseh gS] rks
YZ dk eku fdlds cjkcj gksxk\
ds eè; fcUnq gSaA ADE
;fn dk {ks=kiQy
8 oxZ SSC CHSL 12/10/2020 (Shift - 01)
lseh gS rks
ABC dk {ks=kiQy gS % (a) 18 cm (b) 19 cm
(c) 16 cm (d) 17 cm

r
si
Exercise-02
1. an by
If the corresponding angles of two triangles 4. In ABC, AB = 20 cm, BC = 7 cm and CA

n
= 15 cm. Side BC is produced to D such
PX ZX PZ
are equal and satisfy   , then: that DAB ~ DCA. DC is equal to:
ER RF EF
ja ABC esa, AB = 20 lseh, BC = 7 lseh vkSjCA =
R s
;fn nks f=kHkqtksa ds laxr dks.k cjkcj gksa vkSj
15 lseh gSA Hkqtk
BC dks fcanq
D rd bl rjg c<+k;k
a th

PX ZX PZ
  dk lek/ku djrs gks] rks% tkrk gS fd DAB ~ DCA gSA DC dk eki crkb,A
ER RF EF
SSC CHSL 06/06/2022 (Shift 02) SSC CGL MAINS (03/02/2022)
ty a

(a) PXZ is similar to EFR (a) 9 cm (b) 8 cm

(b) PXZ is similar to ERF (c) 10 cm (d) 7 cm
di M

(c) XPZ is similar to ERF 5. In DABC, D and E are the points on sides
(d) PXZ is similar to REF AB and AC, respectively, such that
2. Two triangles ABC and DEF are similar. DE||BC. If AD = x, DB = x – 2, AE = x +
If AB = 6 cm, BC = 8 cm and DE = 9 cm, 2, and EC = x – 1, then AB + EC is equal
find EF. to (all measurements in cm ):
nks f=kHkqt
ABC vkSjDEF le:i gSaA ;fn AB ABC esa
,D vkSjE Øe'k%AB vkSjAC Hkqtkvksa ij
= 6 cm, BC = 8 cm vkSj DE = 9 cm gS] rks fcanq ds :i esa bl izdkj gSa DE||BC
fd gSA ;fn
EF Kkr dhft,A AD = x, DB = x – 2, AE = x + 2 vkSjEC = x –
SSC CHSL 07/06/2022 (Shift 01) 1, gS
] rksAB + EC fdlds cjkcj gSA (lHkh eki
(a) 12 cm (b) 9 cm
lseh esa gS)
A

(c) 10 cm (d) 8 cm SSC PHASE IX 2022

3. If ABC is a triangle in which DE || BC and (a) 9 (b) 10
AD : DB = 9 : 8, then DE : BC is _______. (c) 12 (d) 8
;fn ABC ,d f=kHkqt gS ftlesaDE || BC vkSj 6. In a triangle ABC, a point D lies on AB
AD : DB = 9 : 8 gS rks
DE : BC Kkr dhft,A and points E and F lie on BC such that
SSC CHSL 03/06/2022 (Shift- 1) DF is parallel to AC and DE is parallel
(a) 9 : 17 (b) 9 : 15 to AF. If BE = 4 cm, EF = 6 cm, then find
(c) 8 : 17 (d) 9 : 13 the length (in cm) of BC.

[9]
 f=kHkqtABC esa] fcUnq
D, AB ij rFkk fcUnq E 10. In  ABC, D and E are points on the sides
vkSjF bl izdkj BC ij fLFkr gS fdDF, AC ds BC and AB, respectively, such that  ACB
lekukarj gSa vkSj
DE, AF ds lekukarj gSAA ;fn =  DEB. If AB = 12 cm, BE = 5 cm and
BE = 4 lseh vkSjEF = 6 lseh gS] rks BC dh BD : CD = 1:2, then BC is equal to:
yackbZ (lseh esa) Kkr djsaA  ABC esa] fcanq
D vkSjE Øe'k% Hkqtkvksa
BC vkSj
SSC CGL 17/08/2021 (Shift- 01) AB ij bl çdkj fLFkr gSa] fd  ACB =  DEB
(a) 25 (b) 30 gSA ;fnAB = 12 cm, BE = 5 cm vkSjBD :
(c) 15 (d) 20 CD = 1:2 gS] rksBC dh yackbZ crkb,A
7. In ABC, D and E are the points on sides SSC CGL MAINS (03/02/2022)
AC and BC, respectively such that DE || (a) 8 3 cm (b) 5 5 cm
AB. F is the point on CE such that DF
|| AE. If CE = 6 cm and CF = 2.5 cm, (c) 6 5 cm (d) 6 3 cm
then BC is equal to : 11. In PQR, PQ = 24 cm and Q = 58º. S
and T are points on side PQ and PR
f=kHkqt
ABC esaD vkSjE Øe'k% Hkqtkvksa
AC vkSj
respectively such that STR = 122º. If

r
BC ds eè; fcUnq gSa tks bl izdkj gSa
DEfd|| PS = 14 cm and PT = 12 cm, then the
AB. F, CE ij fLFkr ,slk fcUnq gS fd

si
DF || length of RT is :
AE gSA ;fnCE = 6 lseh vkSjCF = 2.5 lseh f=kHkqt
PQR esaPQ = 24 lseh vkSj
Q = 58º gSA
S
gS] rks
an by
BC fdlds cjkcj gS\
SSC CGL 04/03/2020 (Shift- 02)
rFkkT Øe'k% Hkqtk
PQ vkSjPR ij fLFkr ,sls fcUnq
gSa fdSTR = 122º gSA ;fnPS = 14 lseh vkSj

n
(a) 14.4 cm PT = 12 lseh gS rks
RT dh yackbZ fdruh gksxh\
(b) 15.6 cm
ja SSC CGL 05/03/2020 (Shift- 02)
R s
(c) 14 cm (a) 16.4 cm (b) 15 cm
(c) 16 cm (d) 14.8 cm
a th

(d) 13 cm
12. In ABC, AD  BC and BE  AC, AD and
8. ABC and PQR are two triangles. AB = PQ =
BE intersect each other at F. If BF = AC,
6 cm, BC = QR = 10 cm and AC = PR= 8 cm.
then the measure of ABC is :
If angle ABC = x degree, then what is the
ty a

value of angle PRQ? f=kHkqt

ABC esaAD  BC rFkkBE  AC gSA AD

ABC rFkkPQR f=kHkqt gSaA

AB = PQ = 6 ls-eh-
vkSjBE ,d&nwljs dks
F ij dkVrs gSaA ;fn
BF =
di M

BC = Q R = 10 ls-eh- rFkk
AC = PQ = 8 ls-eh-
AC gS] rks
ABC dk eki D;k gksxk\
SSC CGL 04/06/2019 (Shift- 01)
gSA ;fn dks.k
ABC = x fMxzh gS] rks dks.k
PQR
(a) 45º (b) 60º
dk eku D;k gS\ (c) 70º (d) 50º
SSC CGL MAINS (08/08/2022) 13. In the given figure, if DE||BC, AD = 2.5
(a) (90 + x) degree (b) (90 – x) degree cm, DB = 3.5 cm and EC = 4.2 cm, then
(c) (180 – x) degree (d) x degree the measure of AC is :
9. In ABC, B = 87° and C = 60°. Points D nh xbZ vkÑfr esa
DE||BC, AD = 2.5 lseh]DB
and E are on the sides AB and AC, = 3.5 lseh vkSjEC = 4.2 lseh gS] rks
AC dk
respectively, such that DEC = 93° and DE eki D;k gksxk\
A

: BC = 5 : 9. If AB = 14.4 cm, then the length A

of AE is:
ABC esa , B = 87° vkSjC = 60° gSA fcanq
D
D E
rFkk E Øe'k% Hkqtkvksa
AB rFkkAC ij bl izdkj
gS fdDEC = 93° rFkkDE : BC = 5 : 9 gSAAB =
14.4 lseh- gS rks
AE fd yEckbZ gSA
B C
SSC PHASE IX 2022
SSC CGL 04/03/2020 (Shift-03)
(a) 7.2 cm (b) 9 cm (a) 7.4 cm (b) 7.2 cm
(c) 8 cm (d) 8.4 cm (c) 3.2 cm (d) 3 cm

[ 10 ]
14. In ACD, B and E are two points on side 18. ABC ~ PQR. The areas of ABC and
AC and AD respectively, such that BE is PQR are 64 cm² and 81 cm² respectively
parallel to CD. CD = 9 cm, BE = 6 cm, AB = and AD and PT are the medians of ABC
5 cm and ED = 2 cm. What are the measures and PQR, respectively. If PT = 10.8 cm,
of the length (in cm) of AE and BC? then AD = ?
ACD esa , Øe'k% Hkqtk
AC vkSjAD ij nks fcanq
B ABC ~ PQR gSAABC dk {ks=kiQy vkSj
PQR
vkSjE bl izdkj gSa fdBE, CD ds lekukarj gSA dk {ks=kiQy Øe'k%
64 oxZ lseh vkSj
81 oxZ lseh
CD = 9 cm, BE = 6 cm, AB = 5 cm vkSjED gS vkSj
AD rFkkPT Øe'k%ABC vkSjPQR dh
= 2 cm gSA Øe'k% AE vkSjBC dh yackbZ dk ekfè;dk gSA ;fn
PT = 10.8 lseh gS] rks
AD = ?
eki (lseh esa) Kkr djsaA SSC CGL 13/08/2021 (Shift- 01)
SSC CGL 11/04/2022 (Shift- 03) (a) 8.4 cm (b) 9 cm
(a) 4, 2.5 (b) 3, 4 (c) 9.6 cm (d) 12 cm
(c) 4, 3 (d) 2.5, 4 19. In ABC, D and E are the points on sides
15. In ABC, D and E are the points on sides AB and AC, respectively and DE || BC.
AB and AC respectively, such that DE || BC = 8 cm DE = 5 cm. If the area of ADE

r
BC. If AD = 5 cm, DB = 9 cm, AE = 4 cm = 45 cm², then what is the area (in cm²)
and BC = 15.4 cm, then the sum of the of ABC?

si
length of DE and EC (in cm) is : ABC esaD vkSjE Øe'k% Hkqtkvksa
AB vkSjAC
f=kHkqt
ABC esaD vkSjE Øe'k%AB vkSjAC Hkqtkvksa ij fcUnq gSa vkSj
DE || BC gSA BC = 8 lseh
an by
ij fcUnq bl izdkj gS fd DE || BC. ;fn AD vkSjDE = 5 lseh gSA ;fn
ADE dk {ks=kiQy
45

n
= 5 lseh] DB = 9 lseh] AE = 4 lseh vkSjBC oxZ lseh gS] ABC
rks dk {ks=kiQy (oxZ lseh esa)
= 15.4 lseh gS] rksDE vkSjEC dh yackbZ dk Kkr djsaA

ja
;ksx (lseh esa) gS % SSC CGL 17/08/2021 (Shift- 01)
R s
SSC CGL 2019 Tier-II (16/11/2020) (a) 105.2 (b) 115.2
a th

(a) 11.6 (b) 12.7 (c) 64 (d) 125

(c) 13.4 (d) 10.8 20. The area of similar triangles PQR and MNT
are 196 cm2 and 169 cm2 respectively. If
16. In a triangle ABC, points P and Q are on
the longest side of the larger PQR be 28
ty a

AB and AC, respectively, such that AP =

4 cm, PB = 6 cm, AQ = 5 cm and QC = cm, then what is the length (in cm) of the
longest side of the smaller MNT?
di M

7.5 cm. If PQ = 6 cm, then find the BC

(in cm). le:i f=kHkqtksa
PQR vkSjMNT dk {ks=kiQy Øe'k%
,d f=kHkqtABC esa] fcanq
P vkSjQ Øe'k%AB 196 cm vkSj 169 cm2 gSA ;fnPQR dh
2

vkSjAC ij bl izdkj fLFkr gSa fdAP = 4 lcls yach Hkqtk28 cm gS] rks NksVs
MNT dh
lseh, PB = 6 lseh, AQ = 5 lseh vkSjQC = lcls yach Hkqtk dh yackbZ
(cm esa
) Kkr djsaA

7.5 lseh gSaA ;fn

PQ = 6 lseh gSa] BC
rks (lseh SSC CGL 18/04/2022 (Shift- 03)
esa) Kkr dhft,A (a) 27 (b) 25
SSC CGL 21/04/2022 (Shift- 03) (c) 26 (d) 24
(a) 9 (b) 10 21.  ABC ~ DEF and the area of ABC is 13.5
(c) 15 (d) 12 cm² and the area of DEF is 24cm². If BC
A

17. The perimeters of two similar triangle ABC = 3.15 cm then the length (in cm) of EF
and PQR are 78 cm and 46.8 cm respectively. is:
If PQ = 11.7 then the length of AB is  ABC ~ DEF gS vkSj ABC dk {ks=kiQy13.5
nks le:i f=kHkqt
ABC vkSjPQR ds ifjeki Øe'k% oxZ lseh gS vkSj
DEF dk {ks=kiQy
24 oxZ lseh gSA
78 lseh vkSj46.8 lseh gSA ;fn
PQ = 11.7 gS] ;fn BC = 3.15 lseh gS] rks
EF dh yackbZ (lseh
rksAB dh yackbZ Kkr djsaA esa) Kkr djsaA
SSC CGL Tier-II (12/09/2019) SSC CGL 13/08/2021 (Shift- 03)
(a) 19.5 cm (b) 23.4 cm (a) 4.8 (b) 3.9
(c) 24 cm (d) 20 cm (c) 5.1 (d) 4.2

[ 11 ]
22. Two triangles  ABC and  DEF are similar. 26. In triangle ABC, X and Y are the points
If AB = 6 cm, BC = 8 cm and DE = 9 cm, on sides AB and AC, respectively, such that
find EF. XY is parallel to BC. If XY : BC = 2.5 : 7,
what is the ratio of the area of the
nks f=kHkqt
 ABC vkSj  DEF le:i gSaA ;fn AB trapezium BCYX to that of the AXY?
= 6 cm, BC = 8 cm vkSj DE = 9 cm gS] rks f=Hkqt
ABC esa]X vkSj Y Øe'k% AB vkSj AC ij
EF Kkr dhft,A
fLFkr ,sls fcUnq gSa
XY,fdBC ds lekukarj gSA ;fn
SSC CHSL 07/06/2022 (Shift- 01) XY:BC = 2.5:7 gS] rks leyEcBCYX ds {ks=kiQy
(a) 12 cm (b) 9 cm dk AXY ds {ks=kiQy ls vuqikr D;k gS\
(c) 10 cm (d) 8 cm SSC CGL 20/04/2022 (Shift- 02)
23. In ABC, D is a point on side AB, such 196 25
that BD = 2 cm and DA = 3 cm. E is a (a) (b)
25 196
point on BC such that DE || AC and AC
= 4 cm. Then (Area of BDE) : (Area of 171 25
(c) (d)
trapezsium ACED) is : 25 171

r
27. In ABC, D and E are the points on the
f=kHkqt
ABC esaD Hkqtk
AB ij fLFkr ,slk fcUnq gS

si
side AB and BC respectively, such that
fd BD = 2 lseh vkSjDA = 3 lseh gSA E, BC AD : DB = 2 : 3 and DE || AC. If the area
ij fLFkr ,slk fcUnq gS fd
DE || AC gS vkSj
an by
AC = 4 lseh gS] rks f=kHkqt
(BDE dk {ks=kiQy ) :
of ADE is equal to 18 square cm, then
what is the area (in square cm) of ABC ?

n
(leyEc ACED dk {ks=kiQy
) Kkr djsaA fdlh ABC esaD vkSjE Øe'k% Hkqtk AB vkSj

SSC CHSL 01/07/2019 (Shift- 03)

BC ij fLFkr fcUnq gSa tks bl izdkj gSa
AD fd
:

ja DB = 2 : 3 vkSjDE || AC gSA ;fn ADE dk

R s
(a) 4 : 21 (b) 2 : 5
{ks=kiQy
18 oxZ lseh ds cjkcj gS rks
ABC dk
a th

(c) 1 : 5 (d) 4 : 25
{ks=kiQy (oxZ lseh esa) Kkr djsaA
24. In ABC, D is point on side BC such that
SSC CHSL 03/07/2019 (Shift- 03)
ADC = BAC. If CA = 12 cm, CD = 8 cm,
(a) 40.5 (b) 75
then CB (in cm) = ?
ty a

(c) 54 (d) 45
ABC esa] Hkqtk
BC ij D ,d ,slk fcanq gS fd 28. In a triangle ABC, D and E are two points
di M

ADC = BAC gSA ;fn CA = 12 cm, CD = 8 on the side AB and AC respectively so

AD 3
cm rksCB (lseh- esa
) dk eki crkb,A that DE || BC and = . The ratio of
BD 4
SSC CGL 13/04/2022 (Shift- 01) the area ABC to the area of trapezium
(a) 18 (b) 12 DECB is :
(c) 15 (d) 10 f=kHkqtABC esaD vkSjE Øe'k% Hkqtk AB vkSj
AC ij fLFkr ,sls fcUnq gSaDE
fd || BC gS rFkk
ar  ΔABC  9 AD 3
25. If ΔABC  ΔQRP, = AB = gSA ABC ds {ks=kiQy rFkk leyac
DECB
ar  ΔQRP  4 BD 4
=18cm, BC=15cm, then the length of PR
ds {ks=kiQy ds chp vuqikr Kkr djsaA
SSC CHSL 04/07/2019 (Shift- 03)
is________.
A

(a) 33 : 49 (b) 49 : 40
ar  ΔABC  9 (c) 4-0 : 49 (d) 49 : 33
;fn ΔABC  ΔQRP,
ar  ΔQRP 
=
4 AB = 29. In a triangle ABC, PQ is a straight line
parallel to AC, such that Area ABC : Area
18cm, BC = 15cm gS] rksPR dh yEckbZ fdruh PBQ = 3 : 1. Then CB : CQ is equal to :
gS\ f=kHkqt
ABC esaPQ, AC ds lekukarj ,d lh/h
SSC CHSL 06/06/2022 (Shift 01) js[kk gS tks bl izdkj gS fd
ABC dk {ks=kiQy
:
(a) 10 cm (b) 12 cm PBQ dk {ks=kiQy = 3 : 1 gSA rks
CB : CQ dk
(c) 16 cm (d) 14 cm eku fdlds cjkcj gS\

[ 12 ]
 SSC CHSL 09/07/2019 (Shift- 03) ABC esa]D, E vkSj F Øe'k% Hkqtk
BC, CA
vkSjAB ds eè;&fcanq gSaABC ;fn= 14.4 cm,
3 3
(a)  3 +1 (b)  3  1 CA= 15.2 cm vkSjAB = 12.4 cm gS] rksDEF
2 2
dk ifjeki (cm esa
) Kkr djsaA
3 3 2 SSC CGL 19/04/2022 (Shift- 01)
(c) (d)
2 2 (a) 42 (b) 28
30. In ABC, D and E are the point on sides (c) 21 (d) 35
AB and BC respectively such that DE || 34. In a right-angled triangle PQR, Q = 90°.
AC. If AD : DB = 5 : 3, then what is the A and B are the mid-points of PQ and PR,
ratio of the area of BDE to that of the respectively. If PQ = 16 cm, QR = 30 cm
trapezium ACED? and PR = 34 cm, what is perimeter (in cm)
f=kHkqtABC esaD vkSjE Øe'k% HkqtkAB vkSj of the trapezium ABRQ?
BC ij fLFkr ,sls fcUnq gSa DE
fd || AC gSA ,d ledks.k f=kHkqt
PQR esa]Q = 90° gSA
A vkSj
;fn AD : DB = 5 : 3 gS] rks
BDE ds {ks=kiQy B Øe'k%PQ vkSjPR ds eè;&fcanq gSaAPQ ;fn=

r
vkSj leyEc ACED ds {ks=kiQy ds vuqikr Kkr djsaA 16cm, QR = 30cm vkSjPR = 34cm gS] rks leyac
ABRQ dk ifjeki (cm esa
) fdruk gS\

si
SSC CGL Tier-II (11/09/2019)
(a) 4 : 25 (b) 9 : 55 SSC CGL 20/04/2022 (Shift- 01)

31.
(c) 9 : 64
an by
(d) 1 : 6
The area of ABC is 44 cm2. If D is the
(a) 65 (b) 80

n
(c) 70 (d) 40
midpoint of BC and E is the midpoint of
35. In a triangle ABC, P and Q are points on
AB, then the area (in cm2) of BDE is :
dk {ks=kiQy
ja
44 oxZ lseh gSA ;fn
AB and AC respectively, such that AP =
R s
ABC D, BC 1 cm, PB = 3 cm, AQ = 1.5 cm and CQ =
dk eè; fcUnq gS rFkk
E, AB dk eè; fcUnq gS] 4.5. If the area of APQ is 12 cm2, then
a th

rksBDE dk {ks=kiQy (oxZ lseh esa) gksxk % find the area BPQC.
SSC CGL 03/03/2020 (Shift- 01) f=kHkqt
ABC esa fcUnq
P vkSjQ Hkqtk
AB vkSjAC
(a) 5.5 (b) 44 ij Øe'k% bl izdkj gs fd AP = 1 lseh]PB =
ty a

(c) 22 (d) 11 3 lseh]AQ = 1.5 lseh vkSjCQ = 4.5 gSA ;fn

32. In ABC, AB = AC and AL is perpendicular APQ dk {ks=kiQy12 oxZ lseh gS rks
BPQC dk
di M

to BC at L. In DEF, DE = DF and DM is {ks=kiQy Kkr djsaA

perpdndicular to EF at M. If (area of
SSC CGL 13/06/2019 (Shift- 03)
ABC) : (area of DEF) = 9 : 25, then
DM + AL (a) 180 cm2 (b) 192 cm2
is equal to : (c) 190 cm 2
(d) 182 cm2
DM - AL
f=kHkqt
ABC esaAB = AC gS rFkkAL, BC ij L 36. In ABC, F and E are the points on sides
ij Mkyk x;k yEc gSA DEF esaDE = DF gS AB and AC respectively such that
FE || BC and FE divides the triangle in
rFkkDM, EF ij M ij Mkyk x;k yEc gSA ;fn two parts of equal area. If AD  BC and
(ABC dk {ks=kiQy
) : (DEF dk {ks=kiQy
) = 9 : AD intersect FE at G, then GD : AG = ?
DM + AL
gS] rks dk eku fdlds cjkcj gS\ esaF vkSjE Øe'k% Hkqtk
AB vkSjAC ij
A

25 ABC
DM - AL
fLFkr ,sls fcUnq gSaFEfd|| BC gS rFkkFE
SSC CGL 03/03/2020 (Shift- 02)
(a) 6 (b) 4
f=kHkqt dks cjkcj {ks=kiQy okys nks Hkkxksa esa foH
(c) 3 (d) 5 djrh gSA ;fnAD  BC gS vkSj AD, FE dksG
33. In a ABC, D, E and F are the mid-points ij dkVrh gS] rks
GD : AG = ?
of side BC, CA and AB respectively. If BC SSC CGL 04/06/2019 (Shift- 01)
= 14.4 cm, CA= 15.2 cm and AB = 12.4
cm, what is the perimeter (in cm) of the
(a) 2 :1 (b)  2  1 :1
DEF? (c) 2 2 :1 (d)  2 +1 :1

[ 13 ]
37. In the given triangle, D and E is the SSC CGL 07/03/2020 (Shift- 02)
middle point of AF and AG, respectively, (a) 23.5 cm
F and G are the midpoint of AB and AC
(b) 11.75 cm
respectively. If DE is 2.4 cm then what
(c) 15.67 cm
is the value of BC?
(d) 5.88 cm
uhps fn, x, f=kHkqt D
esavkSjE Øe'k%AF vkSj
39. In triangle ABC, P and Q are the mid
AG ds eè; fcUnq gSa]
F vkSjG Øe'k%AB vkSj
points of AB and AC, respectively. R is
AC ds eè; fcUnq gSaA DE
;fn = 2.4 lseh gS rks a point on PQ such that PR : RQ = 3 : 5
BC dk eku D;k gS\ and QR = 20 cm, then what is the length
(in cm) of BC?
f=kHkqt
ABC esaP vkSjQ Øe'k%AB vkSjAC ds
eè; fcUnq gSaAPQ;fn ij dksbZ fcUnq
R bl izdkj
fLFkr gS fdPR : RQ = 3 : 5 vkSjQR = 20
lseh gS] rks
BC dh yackbZ (lseh esa) Kkr djsaA

r
SSC CGL 17/08/2021 (Shift- 03)

si
(a) 24 (b) 40
(c) 64 (d) 66.66
SSC CPO 14/03/2019 (Shift- 03)
(a) 4.8 cm
(c) 9.6 cm
an by (b) 7.2 cm
(d) 3.6 cm
40. In ABC, D is the mid-point of side AC
and E is a point on side AB such that

n
38. In ABC, D, E and F are the midpoints EC bisects BD at F. If AE = 30 cm, then
of sides AB, BC and CA respectively. If the length of EB is:

ja
AB = 12 cm, BC = 20 cm and CA = 15 esa Hkqtk
AC dk eè; fcUnqD vkSj Hkqtk
R s
ABC
1
cm, then the value of (DE + EF + DF) is : AB ij ,d fcUnq E bl izdkj gS fd EC, BD dks
a th

2
f=kHkqt
ABC esaD, E rFkkF Øe'k% Hkqtkvksa
AB, fcUnqF ij lef}Hkkftr djrh gSA ;fn AE = 30
BC rFkkCA ds eè; fcUnq gSaA AB ;fn = 12 lseh gS] rks
EB dh yackbZ Kkr djsaA
lseh]BC = 20 lseh vkSjCA = 15 lseh gS] rks SSC CGL 16/08/2021 (Shift- 03)
ty a

1 (a) 10 cm (b) 20 cm
(DE + EF + DF) dk eku D;k gksxk\
di M

2 (c) 15 cm (d) 18 cm

Answer Key
1.(b) 2.(a) 3.(a) 4.(a) 5.(a) 6.(a) 7.(a) 8.(b) 9.(c) 10.(c)
11.(c) 12.(a) 13.(c) 14.(a) 15.(b) 16.(c) 17.(a) 18.(c) 19.(b) 20.(c)
A

21.(d) 22.(a) 23.(a) 24.(a) 25.(a) 26.(c) 27.(b) 28.(b) 29.(a) 30.(b)
31.(d) 32.(b) 33.(c) 34.(d) 35.(a) 36.(b) 37.(c) 38.(b) 39.(c) 40.(c)

[ 14 ]