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Effect of cartoons on children

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 Effect of cartoons on children
R.G.T.S.Wijethilaka
Faculty of Information Technology
University of Moartuwa
SriLanka
thanuja.16@itfac.mrt.ac.lk
Abstract— children are like white papers. You can draw on it,
which behavior and personality. Children are accepting any
influence and information affecting his character in the future.
Cartoon is what attracts the children shapes and most their
behavior. Cartoons are one of daily habit of children. But cartoon
effects the children negatively and positively. Hence, to know how
cartoon impact to children. Therefore, this research has been
conducted to study the effects of the cartoon on children. This
paper consists of a comprehensive study of existing literature
regarding what and how cartoons affect to children.
Keywords— cartoons, children, Behavior, impacts (key words)
I. INTRODUCTION
In present there are lot of entertainment ways to enjoy
children’s leisure time. Among that, watching cartoons are the
most favorite article. The advancement of technology has led
children to reach their imaginary cartoons. [8] It is happening
a primary activity to some families. [1] The cartoon scene is
created using delightful characters. Light Color is used to
attract children's aspirations to watch cartoons. [8]
In 2002, the Disney channel on one’s own announced that the
channel at that time broadcast to 80 million households within
the United State, that become approximately 75% of the total
population. Likewise, within the world have in home access to
satellite and another television for watch cartoon programs.
[20]This has become a teaser for the brain. Because many kids
around the globe are progressively addicted to cartoons and T
V shows. [9] Kids are like clay. They are modeled according
to the surrounding setting in which they reside. They are fun
through the cartoon program. But it can affect both methods
for kids. That's both positive and negative. [1] Children can
confuse themselves with cartoons with their own true lives. [9]
Development of the financial stress and relationship in househ
olds around the globe, the availability of open sources, which a
re playgrounds, have dramatically reduced children's ability to
remain in the house with their relatives as a friend, teacher and
entertainer.
Nowadays, children's physical activities have been restricted b
y excessive monitoring of cartoon programs. According to
research, lots of children are watching cartoons in the morning
before going to school, as soon as they come home after
school, weekend morning and evening, and also children do
not like the news, long movies and scary pictures. [6]
Watching the cartoon influences the behavior and attitude of
children which are their liking and disliking, way to behavior
with their friends, way to talking and way to dressing. It also
has a heavy effect on children’s language and the way of
eating.Children recognize their social relationships and reflect
the beneficial and negative ways they have shaped their lives.
Therefore, considering the importance of exploring the effects
of the cartoon on the children’s behavior patterns, the main
objective of this study to write a literature review paper which
would provide a summarization of the literature on cartoon
evaluation, the positive and negative impact of cartoons on the
behavior of the children. This paper is organized as follows, in
section II briefly discussed related work. Section III describes
the literature review. Section IV c1oncludes this paper. Section
V include recommendation.
II. BACKGROUND OF CARTOONS
This section gives a brief introduction to the theoretical
background of cartoons. According to the Cambridge Advance
leaners Dictionary, the meaning of the cartoon is strong, heavy
paper of pasteboard form the Italian word “cartone” and also
the Dutch word “karton”. [14] Cartoon became part of a movie
from the time of the making of the initial images of the late
1800s. [1] The first cartoon icon, Felix, started in the
1920s.Disney Brother’s studio was introduced Donald Duck,
Micky Mouse and Pluto as cartoon characters within the next
10 years. [21] The first cartoon that we know today is a frame
block and contains a person who has a balloon like a scroll.
[22]
In the initial cartoons were brief.
Because before their characteristics, people would watch this s
hort film in the movie theaters. Within a short time, cartoonists
could depict cartoon on television. After that, they commenced
to get longer, developing today's 30-minute block shows on
the cartoon network, Disney channel, and nickelodeon. Then
cartoon will capture the family quickly, so that more
individuals will demonstrate. [23] Walt Disney Production and
some other great cartoons such as Popeye, Tom & Jerry, Bugs
Bunny, etc. The children's entertainment was the slap in
entrepot. Moreover, with satellite TV development appear in
Japanese cartoons in the world market, cannot take snap one's
fingers. Japanese cartoons are today on the top of our
children's favorite list. Popular examples of Japanese cartoons
are Doraemon, Ninja hattori & Sinchan. Consequently,
playground, streets look sequestration without children even
after schools and holidays. [1]
When become today there are lots of cartoonists to develop the
cartoon and huge cartoons to watch children. Cartoons have
been a part of childhood development since the 20th century.
Children have been interested in cartoons in the past few
years, and this has been their main hobby.
A. Development of Animated Cartoons and Their Entrance
into Television Programming
Fig 1. Bugs Bunny & Tom and Jerry
B. Development of Styles in Animated Cartoons
Cartoonists, particularly Disney individuals, worked on a natur
al aesthetic attempt to make these sketches Look in this mediu
m as real as possible until the 1950s. Disney's Snow White wa
s the apotheosis of this, identifying the movements of dancer
Marge Champion and transforming her into Snow White.
(Figure 2).

Cartoons initially advanced into movies theaters, but their

growth has slowed due to prohibitive cost. With the growing
popularity of color and sound film technologies, Studios have
identified methods to streamline the storyboard animation
process. This storyboard used for planning cartoons and
departmentalize of the process.

Therefore, something comparable to an

assembly line has been developed for animation, and it is very
inexpensive. Disney was a pioneer in adopting these
technologies and producing effective cartoons. “Steamboat
Willie” is the first substantial cartoon with synchronized
sound. Disney was very much safeguarding these trends
Fig 2. Snow White and Sleeping Beauty
methods that he agreed to an exclusive Technicolor contract
that could not be used by other animation for three years.
The post-World II art movement, Abstract Expressionism,
rejected this natural approach and these avant-garde ideas were
During the silent period, small scale, limited-access studios to
lastly filtered into cartoons. UPA’s style includes a flat view,
movie theaters were creating cartoons. In the 1930s, major
abstract background, strong primary colors, and “limited”
studios Paramount, Warner Bros., Universal, and Metro-
animation. These cartoon objects looked as flat as they colored
Goldwyn-Mayer Inc. signed a distribution agreement with
blogs as an option using viewpoint to produce the illusion of
eachthese cartoon studios or formed their own cartoon departm
depth in a drawing.
ents to distribute the production. The prosperity of the
Although the changes in animation were aesthetically
animated cartoon came from an effective distribution system.
motivating, they made good business sense. Their results were
The 1930s to 1950s became the "golden age" of the cartoon
cartoons that were quick and cheap to produce. That’s when
industry, and many of the dramatic cartoons on television arcs
the animators started making programs specifically for
originated from this era. For the instance Little Audrey (1948-
television, they soon adopted these economic systems, but in
1959) and Litde Lulu (1943-1967) from Paramount, Tom and
the process changed the aesthetics of UPA. The process of
Jerry, Daffy Duck (1937), Porky Pig (1936) and Bugs Bunny
producing television cartoons is of considerable importance.
(1940) from Warner. Some of these like Tom and Jerry and
The first successful television cartoon produced by Jay Ward
Bugs Bunny are still being aired today.
(Rocky and the Bull / Mkale fame) and Alexander Anderson
was The Crusader Rabbit (Figure 3). It was not developed for
The transition to cartoon television began in the late 1940s.
a television network but was published straight for syndication
Van Beuren, a small studio, started marketing own catalog to
and circulated for the first time in 1949.
small kids's programs for small fry films. Large studios like
The cartooning of network television came eight years later.
Disney were slow to utilize electronic media. However,
Disney was one of the first major cartoon studios to connect
with television networks, and its long-running program,
Disneyland, later became known as Disney's Wonderful
World. When the Mickey Mouse Club showed up in the
1950s, it featured cartoons in live action and other materials
(figure 1)

Fig 3. Crusader Rabbit

The Ruff and Reddy Show, Bill Hanna and Joe Barbera's first
cartoon series of TV cartoons. Ruff and Ready Show was the
first cartoon show produced in the United States on Saturday
morning for nationally televised television, and its popularity
helped to determine the potential for network programming on
Saturday morning. Also accountable for carrying cartoons to
the Prime Time network timetable is Hannah-Barbara, but the
achievement of Prime Time was not a trend. The Flintstones
(I960) by Hanna-Barbera was a successful first prime time
cartoon series. (Figure 4) It was also the last productive series
of Prime Time until the premiere of "The Simpsons" in 1989.
(Figure 5).
Fig 5. The Flintstones
Fig 6. The Simpsons
The final characteristic of the cartoon that separates the TV
cartoon from the dramatic cartoon is the conversation. None of
these programs lasted more than a year at primetime, as adults
were no longer in the audience. However, the networks have
found success by telecasting these unsuccessful cartoons as
Saturday morning cartoons. They grew on Saturday morning
on cable channels like Cartoon Network, Nickelodeon, and in
Syndicated Afternoon timeslots. Today, animation is usually
made using computers, and animators do not have new tools in
hand-drawn traditional animation, where they grow up to be
children who schedule daily programming at almost every
station in the world.
III. HOW ARE CHILDREN AFFECTED WITH CARTOONS & WHY
What is the best and most significant thing a kid learns from sc
holarly books, teachers, or series of animated television?
According to research at Shrmin’s University of Michigan,”
children are more attracted to cartoon content than traditional
learning methods because of their scenes, audio, visual effects
and colors are well-written. These factors are enough for them
to absorb dozens of information than a teacher absorb in a
classroom. [24]
From an early age, the child's brain is always looking for new
experiences, which is why it is distributed in cartoons when
the animated series sees the little ones glued to their chairs. A
well-written scenes, proper audio, visual effects, and
descending behavior are all important factors for a child to be
trapped in a cartoon hero, and the brain can automatically
follow his path and try to copycat.
Excellent information including speech, thinking, language of
the body and how to dress. [25] These are considerations that
are missing in delivering educational content to traditional
classrooms, and when an educator attempts to describe a piece
that is incomprehensible to kids, teacher utilizes facial
expressions, playacting and oral impacts to assist kids see
content.
These are the cornerstone of the animated series show, which i
s why kids can watch their finest TV series on channels and sit
down for hours watching TV easily absorbing the content incl
uded.[25] Not even in kids, you can visualized
a documentary watching on the National Geographic Channel
with scholarly material, you can readily remember the scenes
and situations you saw, better than a situation with no visual or
oral impacts. As a consequence, kids watching instructional
programming have greater grades, read more books, value
more for accomplishment, and are more creative than kids
watching violent television or "entertainment."[26]. So,
there’s a kind of learning process when kids watch cartoons.
What children learn when they watch cartoons influences the
way they interact with other children and the world in general.
Baran and Davis 2009, p. 217).
IV. IMPACT ON BEHAVIOR OF CARTOON ON CHILDREN
Due to the research of, Cartoon Network has a strong impact
on schoolchildren. Their lifestyle, dress, aggression and
aggressive behavior have contributed to them. From their
study they found that Over 80% of children spend time
watching cartoons. 84% of them are children's favorite cartoon
channel is “Cartoon network”. [23] 65.2% of school children
spend their leisure time watching cartoon on a daily basis for
hours 1 to 3 hours a day. [2] Researchers found that 78 percent
of kids are like to wear dresses of cartoon characters.
Moreover, about 44 percent of children like to buy distinct app
liances relate to cartoons and 39.9 percent of children buy thes
e stuffs. [4] Reference 5 study concluded that both male and
female observing cartoon characters were identical. Hence,
there was no significant change in the cartoon based on
gender. In the study, significant differences between children's
favorite cartoon groups were determined. Many boys play
violent cartoons, and girls enjoy more educational, emotional,
and talented cartoons. [5] [3]
All people know that cartoon channels audience is children.
But nowadays for marketing TV channel shows many adults
advertisement in cartoon channel. Children watch the
advertisement and want that things. Every parent want that
their child take food properly, but today’s child want
chocolate, drinks etc. Marketing companies open up
emotional, vulnerabilities. They are emotionally in vulnerable
and are very easy with children. [4], [7] some food
advertisements are telecasted for an example Bunty chocolate
marketing with pictures of Ben Ten. The use of cartoon
among children has been critically discussed by many
researchers. Cartoon has broad range of content being
broadcasted which include sexual, violent, alcohol and so
 forth. [13] There is a good side of the cartoons. Cartoon can be entertainment." None of these books address the
funny, educational and can open up new worlds. Cartoons with representations of sexuality and gender role modeling that are
a pro-social message, there are some of the measures that can an ever-present subtext in Disney movies48. What the
affect the audience for a positive lifestyle change. researcher finds to be of profound concern is the worldview
represented where young girls repeatedly gravitate towards the
In a study conducted by researcher Kayla Bois & Brad Bushm doe-eyed, chest-thrusting, tiny waist teen, as an “aspirational”
an "Michigan University," the cartoon content in our Children' icon an example is Kim Possible. (figure 6) [28]
s Schedules was summarized as follows,
• Children 6-11 years old watch the cartoon 28 hours a week
• Children 2-5 years old watch cartoon 32 hours a week.
• Most parents prefer to leave their children in front of the TV to
finish their job or rest.
• A parent's best way to make their child eattheir food is to put a
kid in front of the TV. [27]

A. Television cartoons and Gender-Role Socialization in

Children
Children often internalize gender role stereotypes from books,
songs, television, and films, but perhaps the most important
type of television media research and child socialization
suggests that television has a major effect on the life of
children. The kids recognized spontaneously' families' of
characters with which they create emotional bonds based on
subjective factors that vary in intensity and length.
In other words, substantial / insignificant characters and a stro
ng / weak narrative structure. Objective factors, the age of the
child, in particular the stage of growth reached, and the
predominance of abstract thought of concrete verses.
An instance is the families in Disney cartoons recognized by
the kids. These cartoons affect powerful, stable ties because
the powerful, stable portrayal of the characters and the
universal appeal of the tales enable identification on typically
human topics and emotions with and creative growth. More
than any other, this family of characters includes' the
requirements of the different age groups, offering
entertainment and fostering the psychological development of
children.
There is a strong degree of spontaneous linkage between carto
on characters and product categories. This association seems to
be transmitted by the character's functional and actual features.
Therefore, it can be presumed that product products consistent
with the characteristics ascribed to a personality have the same
chance to exploit the bond with that personality by using it as
an endorser for the brand in commercials, by working to make
it the' icon' of the brand. However, given the results that arose
about the various kinds of emotional interactions that kids with
cartoon characters have developed, the selection of personality
must be carefully regarded so that
the brand is usually not connected with very short life cycle ch
aracters.
Fig.6 Kim Possible
B. Negative Impacts
Cartoon programs capable effect children’s behavior, family
life and health in negative ways. It is well known that, can be
harmful of much cartoon viewing. Children watching
television more than 4 hours a day are likely to be overweight.
[4] According to the research of reference 1 results and
findings show33% of children have been shown to have acted
in violent behavior. There are both type of cartoons, violent
and non-violent cartoons. 39% of children are watching these
both type of cartoons. Subsequently, 64% of children ignore
what parents are saying while they are watching their cartoons.
and also 45% become violence when parents switch off
television or ask to do some other work. [1]
Among the animation principles Exaggeration become one
basic principle. (Figure 7) Unfortunately, violence is in the
form of exaggeration action. Hence, exaggeration affects the
child's mental attitude and behavior. Reference 8 research
result represented that the exotic scene of the cartoon that
affects the character of the child, this incident is not affect for
a short time. [8] Violence behavior can have a minus things in
the community. It is well known fact According to the
research 33 percent cartoon viewers showed an increase in
violent behavior. [1] Specially cartoon videos and amines have
potential to influence the viewers in bad ways. [4]

In an article “A feminist critique on sexuality in American

cartoons” Petty mentions that
Disney films and other animated films to a lesser extent have b Fig 7.Normal Pose Vs Aggregation Pose
ecome the staple of children's film fare, an institution that we b
ring them up and use to teach values. See the Movie Mom's Fa
1) Violence in cartoons
mily Movies Guide for guidance on value courses in Disney m
ovies. The title even goes on to point out that "Disney has
Some children habitually watch violent cartoons, movies daily.
become almost synonymous with healthy family
Researchers have explored that these children have a tendency
of being more aggressive behavior and attitudes. [18] [12]
Presence of fights, blood, fire, gory frames, gun Frings and
existence of other aims associated with violence.
[12] Few studies have evaluated the effect of comedic compon
ents on the perception of violence by children and adolescents
in TV shows and cartoon films. [18] Tom and Jerry, sponge
Bob, square pants, Ben 10, Pokeman cartoons are violent
cartoons and children below the age of 5 years should not be
shown. [23]
Another drawback of the cartoon is the violent content of the
cartoon, we all know in our memories of a cartoon of a cartoon
character is caught on a baseball stick and hit to another
character repeatedly in the head. As a cartoon to be shown to
children, how does it affect their behavior, norms and their
surroundings. [29] A study by Huisman "University of
Michigan" mentions that such violence distributed to children
may have one of two possible consequences.
First, a case called desensitization, which implies the kid loses
rationality about the result of his or her behaviorGradually and
with excessive violence, the child's conduct is programmed to
react aggressively to most of his or her actions and circumstan
ces. [8] The next possibility is fear & anxiety.
These activities that a kid sees on television make him feel that
their result defies logic.
Getting hit in the head repeatedly with a tough body can cause
serious harm, which almost certainly does no harm in the
show? This leads the kid to panic before taking a real-life step,
and his brain can no longer predict the proper result of an
action that can be acceptable or cause several damages.
Another research by koeijmans show can lead to excessive
increase in adrenaline production, leading to an unstable
mood. The child begins to feel uncomfortable and aggressive
under normal circumstances or with the spouse. [11] Below
are some samples of cartoon violence filmed from different
worldwide recognized cartoons. (Figure 8)
Fig 8. Shots from different TV series
a) Field Experiments of Violent Programs Effect on
Children Behaviour
Experimental fieldbased research on early childhood children
was not frequently conducted. Fridrich and Stein subjected
pre-school kids to Batman and Superman for 20 minutes or to
a series of live action movies. For four weeks, three times a
week. They then studied their activities to evaluate the impact
of the program on the behavior of kids. The young people
watching the violent cartoons were more disobedient and less
tolerant. Furthermore, young people who encountered elevated
rates of aggression before the experiment became more
aggressive when they watched brutal cartoons than the non-
violent cartoons they watched. [30]
Similarly, in their studies, Steuer, Applefield, and Smith found
that 11 daily 10-minute sessions of watching Violent TV
programs resulted in increased physical aggression against
colleagues compared to a series of non-violent cartoons
watching young kids. Silvern and Williamson (1987)
performed a field experiment to randomly select 28 preschool
boys and girls to evaluate the impact of violent comedy
cartoon on children's behavior.
The experiment took place for three days, involving the assess
ment of baseline aggression during dyadic play with a classma
te after watching violent "Road Runner" cartoon; and after pla
ying Space Invaders, now classic arcade game, which is consid
ered a violent video game. [29] [30]
Baseline aggression during break play was evaluated during
the first day of the experiment. The kids were split into two
groups during the second day, the first half of the kids
performed the video game for six minutes, and the second half
watched the6-minute cartoon. Children were then observed
with the toys accessible during the condition of the base line in
a free-play session. The two groups exchanged activities on
the third day, young people who played the video game and
young people the day before watching the violent cartoon.
Those who layed the video games watched the violent cartoon.
Again, play took place in a free-play session with the familiar
toys. During each of the three free-play sessions, pro-social
behavior and fantasy play were evaluated [31]. Results
indicated that after watching the comedy violent cartoon,
preschool youth showed higher rated of aggressive behavior
compared to the baseline reaction levels.
2) Sexual content in Cartoons
The existence of sexual content is one of the most unwanted
components that can be displayed in a cartoon show. Recently,
in the name of humor and action, cartoon content has tended to
include appealing sexual content. (Figure 9) This entry
impacts the brain of a child more than the advantages of
placing a smile on their face. Sexual comedy in Seduction &
Harassment is component of contemporary cartoon humor and
managers concentrate on human anatomy to make their
product unique or to enhance the quality of comedy or
demonstrate action.
This sexual content tends to draw early infants ' minds into the
anatomy of the opposite sex. Here I attach some examples of
present and known sexual content on popular shows and aired
on popular TV cartoon channels as referenced by reference 32.
Fig. 9 Shots from different TV series.
C. Positive Impacts of Animated Cartoons on Children
It is true that animated cartoons have a positive social impact
on children. It works as an important socialization and
educational tool. It has helped children to broaden their
understanding of the world in which they live. It gives them
the opportunity to learn the values of the nation and culture in
which they live, Civilization of other countries and children.
Parents have used animated cartoons to baby-sit. They have
also been used to provide entertainment and relaxation to
children. They help children to release stress and tension.
This is because successful cartoonists rely on three key tools to
make their impact successful. These are personal conviction,
humor and societal consciousness. Animated cartoons are
influential tools of communication, so their ability to impact
values and viewpoint in the minds of mainly children and
readers. The educational puppet cartoon series, Sesame Street
(illustration 2.14), launched its campaign. Reference 1
represent the, since children began watching cartoons, 81% of
children are interested in creative subjects and also 73% of
children are sensitive to others. [1] In other hand, a positive
cartoon could be applied to teach a kid. It can teach how to
control crossness, obey to adults, talk with polite way, help to
helpless, give the youth a hand and how can be conflict
organized in a collective way etc. [9] There is a learning
process that is performed by watching cartoons. [17]
Considering life experience a well-built cartoonish incidence
can teach child how to be a good person, how to check the
problem in a scientific manner. And also, these cartoons show
the dangers of the surrounding environment like electricity,
road accidents, fire services and How should you act during a
wound? [16] Can take advantage using 3D animation between
cartoon films and real human behavior. Children interest in
cartoon, it can use for improving their communication skills.
Reference 10 has demonstrated it using cartoon creation tool.
This tool also can explore children’s changing issues in their
life. [10] Specially when used cartoon characters can be
effective in getting students attention for some math skills at
some age. [5] The United State white house Tasic force and
IOM (2006) were recommended that Cartoon characters be
used to promote healthy diet in order to prevent obesity. [4]
Healthy Habits for life, to encourage young children to adopt a
more dynamic and nutritious lifestyle featuring the benefits of
fruits and veggies in their daily diet. Animated cartoons
designed to encourage British children to eat more vegetables
and fruits are at the center of a new health department
campaign. Experiments have revealed that cartoons have
dramatically increased the consumption of fruits and
vegetables in children.
Animation is entertaining, and therefore fun. Also, it can be
educational. This research has focused on the development of
animated cartoons elsewhere in the world. On other hand all
the families are not same level. Some parents took away
children to enjoy. But some are not. That children can enjoy
entertainment with their favorite cartoon programs. If not like
such a way, they feel worry about them. [11] Furthermore,
parents are concern that have for the safety of children when
watching cartoons in their bedrooms. [2 ]
V. UNDERPINNING THEORIES
Up to this point we have been concerned with the development
of animated cartoons, how they entered television programs
and some of their impacts on children elsewhere in the world.
We now want to concern ourselves with underpinning
theories, how children are influenced by animated cartoons.
This research uses the theories of media effects on children at
the Middle Childhood Development Stage and the theories of
media effect on society as combined indicators to provide a
theoretical foundation to investigate the observable impacts of
animated cartoons on children. Since the children under study
are in the 7 to 11 age group, the theories ate those reflected
under the Middle Childhood Development Stage namely,
Social learning theory, Social Cognitive Theory, Cognitive
theory, Moral development theory and Operant conditioning
theory one basis of framework.
Recent studies show that there is a more complex interaction
between media and society than earlier believed. The media
generates a scheme of relationships and influences with the
individual who in turn analyses the information provided and
the information not provided to read the text in ways that
relate to cultural influences that operate through the media.
The research uses the following theories of mass media effects
to analyses how media operates with child audiences:
cultivation theory, individual difference theory, uses and
gratification approach and reception analysis. [33]
VI. . CONCLUSION
After this study I discovered that children are highly impact by
cartoons. The most parents are not aware of the impact of
cartoons. In fact, the difference in violence levels caught the
parents unawares. Normally children do not understand that in
cartoon everything can happen but in real life it is not possible.
But children do not understand that. So, they often engage in
dysfunctional behavior. Cartoons have both positive and
negative impact. However, some studies have shown that
certain media populations are more sensitive to media
violence. And also cartoon characters. It always gives children
an unrealistic message. Therefore, they believe that if you hurt
or kill someone, he would not be in danger. It can be said in
view of above mentioned positive facts that cartoon watching
is most funny and happy of children. But parents are not
satisfied with the good effect of cartoons. However, more
experiments are needed to find out how best to use cartoon
characters for children.
VII. . RECOMMENDATION
would like to provide appropriate recommendation for the
betterment of the study. Parents must make a deliberate effort
to monitor cartoons that ensure that children are suitable for
their age. And also, children do not always need to have fun.
Finally, Media has accountability to telecast qualitative
cartoons not depend on the marketable decision.
Often this chapter exposes additional issues and raises more
questions. As a researcher, the research dissertation has a time
limit, so it is unlikely that the study has solved all issues
related to the effect of animated cartoons on world kids. The
investigator has suggested improvements in her job and, based
on her research results, points out whether there are fields that
deserve further research. There is sufficient material showing
evidence of research that have been done in this area, but it has
mainly been done in the first world. Thus, there is need for
research of this nature to be done in the World wide and
specifically in country wise to establish how animated
cartoons affect the children in local and whether the
generalizations that have been made in this research can stand.
To Parents:
i. Develop guidelines on how many animated cartoons he / she
can watch for children, the less the better. Keep TV out of t
he bedroom of a child. The family room is the best location.
animated cartoons together and speak on the animated carto
ons about what your kid sees.
ii. Parents should not assume that all animated cartoons are
harmless.
iii. Critics and parents ignore and disregard the subtext of mess
ages in animated cartoons dealing with sexuality and roma
nce. They should be taken into consideration because anim
ated cartoons have become an organization through which
society raises kids and uses them to teach values
iv. Be excellent models of role. Instead of coming home and fl
opping in front of the television and making it the main sou
rce of recreation, look for other alternatives such as walkin
g or cycling, painting, learning to play musical instruments,
talking, playing a game and enjoying the business of each
other.
v. Help children understand and evaluate the content they
watch in animated cartoons
vi. Advocate for high quality programmers for children and
removal inappropriate animated/cartoons from the local TV
stations. Parents should take interest in combating hyper
sexualization in animated cartoon and allow the children to
stay young.
Media Practitioners
i. Development of home-grown animated cartoons.
ii. Air on local stations animated cartoons that have local
animated imagery designed to relate to the child’s world
or context.
iii. Show more concern about the kind of animated cartoons
they show to children. Media house should show more
responsibility in their media messaging
iv. Information and Communications ministries should revie
w animated cartoon content before running on TV stations
and provide advance clearance in an advisory ability. In t
he animated aired on local TV stations, there are no polici
es regulating the content.
v. A legal framework for classifying animated cartoons
should be developed.
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
This review paper builds on and extends a previously
published research papers by referenced authors. The author
would like to thank Dr.B.L.D. Seneviratne for his substantial
and useful comments.
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